SYLOWHITE SM 405

Coating chemists and ink technologists systematically prefer Sylowhite SM 405 over natural calcined kaolin clay, ground or precipitated calcium carbonate (GCC / PCC), natural talc, cristobalite-containing diatomaceous earth, and standard untreated fumed or precipitated silicas because Sylowhite SM 405 is 100% amorphous (completely free of respirable crystalline quartz or cristobalite hazards), exhibits an ultra-high ISO brightness (>= 96% to 98%), and imparts thixotropic anti-settling stability that reduces associative or cellulosic thickener demand. Furthermore, compared to coarse natural mineral fillers that degrade wet scrub resistance and increase exterior dirt pick-up, the hard synthetic aluminosilicate framework and alkaline buffering capacity (pH 9.5 to 11.0) of Sylowhite SM 405 enhance wet washability and DIN EN ISO 11998 scrub resistance, improve in-can storage viscosity stability, and boost exterior weathering durability.

Supplied commercially by Ataman Kimya as a bright-white, odorless, free-flowing micronized powder (SiO2 ~66% to 74%, Al2O3 ~9% to 13%, Na2O ~6% to 9%, MgO ~1% to 4%, true skeletal density ~2.0 to 2.1 g/cm3, oil absorption ~110 to 160 g/100 g, and Hegman fineness of grind ~5.5 to 6.5), Sylowhite SM 405 disperses effortlessly under standard high-speed cowles dissolvers without requiring prolonged bead milling. Matching the optimal TiO2 substitution level (15% to 25% w/w) and PVC (Pigment Volume Concentration) balance with Sylowhite SM 405 enables paint and ink manufacturers to achieve substantial raw-material cost savings and supply-chain security without compromising opacity, whiteness, or application rheology.

CAS Number: 1344-00-9 (Silicic acid, aluminum sodium salt; Sodium aluminosilicate / Sodium silicoaluminate; also cross-referenced for magnesium-modified synthetic amorphous sodium magnesium aluminum silicate grades under CAS 1344-01-0 / CAS 12040-43-6 and amorphous silica-aluminagel precursors; 100% free of crystalline silica CAS 14808-60-7)
EC Number: 215-684-8 (EINECS 215-684-8 for Silicic acid, aluminum sodium salt; EU REACH Registered synthetic amorphous sodium aluminosilicate)
Molecular Formula: Na2O · Al2O3 · xSiO2 · yMgO · zH2O or NaxMgv[(AlO2)x(SiO2)y] · zH2O (Synthetic amorphous precipitated sodium aluminum magnesium silicate network where typical oxide weight composition on dry basis is approximately 66%–74% SiO2, 9%–13% Al2O3, 6%–9% Na2O, and 1%–4% MgO)
Molecular Weight: Polymeric amorphous inorganic aluminosilicate network (Not applicable as a discrete monomer; representative empirical oxide unit Na2O·Al2O3·12SiO2 formula weight is ~885.0 g/mol; constituent oxide molar masses: SiO2 = 60.08 g/mol, Al2O3 = 101.96 g/mol, Na2O = 61.98 g/mol, MgO = 40.30 g/mol)
INCI Name: SODIUM SILICOALUMINATE / SODIUM MAGNESIUM ALUMINUM SILICATE (Used in specialty cosmetic/personal care powder registrations; primarily an architectural paint, industrial coating, and printing ink functional TiO2 extender)
E Number: E554 (Food-grade Sodium Aluminium Silicate is designated as E554 in the European Union and cleared under US FDA 21 CFR 182.2727 / 21 CFR 175.105 / 175.300 / 176.170 for indirect food-contact coatings, adhesives, and paperboard; Sylowhite SM 405 is manufactured specifically as a technical functional pigment extender for coatings, inks, paper, and polymers)
Melting Point: > 1,000 to 1,250 °C (> 1,832 to 2,282 °F; Refractory amorphous inorganic aluminosilicate solid that softens and vitrifies into a glassy phase above 1,050 to 1,250 °C without a sharp crystalline melting point; thermally stable across all coil-coating, powder-coating, and baking-enamel curing temperatures up to 350 °C)
Boiling Point: Not applicable (Refractory non-volatile inorganic silicate solid with zero vapor pressure at ambient and processing temperatures; > 2,000 °C)
Viscosity: Not applicable as a free-flowing dry white powder; when dispersed at 3.0% to 10.0% w/w in waterborne emulsion paints or solvent-borne coatings, its structured mesoporous aggregates build controlled low-shear thixotropic yield stress (preventing pigment settling and wet-edge sagging, and reducing cellulosic/HEUR thickener requirement by 10% to 25%) while shear-thinning cleanly under brush, roller, or spray application
Density: True skeletal density (ISO 787-10 / Helium Pycnometry): 2.00 to 2.15 g/cm3 at 20 °C (specifically ~2.05 to 2.10 g/cm3, which is nearly 50% lighter than rutile TiO2 at 4.0 to 4.2 g/cm3 and significantly lighter than calcium carbonate at 2.71 g/cm3 or barium sulfate at 4.45 g/cm3, directly reducing wet paint specific gravity!); Untapped bulk pour density: 180 to 280 g/L (0.18 to 0.28 g/cm3); Tapped bulk density (ISO 787-11): 260 to 360 g/L

Most Frequently Encountered Synonyms:
Sylowhite SM 405
SYLOWHITE SM 405
Sylowhite SM 405 Titanium Dioxide Extender
SYLOWHITE TM SM 405
Sylowhite SM-405
SYLOWHITE SM-405
Aluminosilicic Acid, Sodium Salt
Silicic Acid, Aluminum Sodium Salt
Crystalline-Silica-Free Titanium Dioxide Extender
Functional Silicate TiO2 Replacement Additive
Titanyum Dioksit Genişletici Sylowhite SM 405
Sylowhite SM 405 Titanyum Dioksit Uzatıcı
Sentetik Amorf Silikat Opaklık Artırıcı
Zeoflair / Sipernat / Tixolex / Aerosil P25 Functional Counterpart
CAS 1344-00-9
EC 215-684-8

WHAT IS SYLOWHITE SM 405?

Known across international paint, coating, printing ink, and specialty mineral commerce as Sylowhite SM 405 (and in Turkish industrial trade as Sylowhite SM 405 Titanyum Dioksit Genişletici, Çöktürülmüş Amorf Sodyum Alüminyum Magnezyum Silikat, or Sodyum Alüminosilikat TiO2 Uzatıcı), Sylowhite SM 405 is a synthetic, fine-particle-size (< 6.0 microns), precipitated amorphous sodium aluminum magnesium silicate functional extender originally developed by W. R. Grace (Grace Materials Technologies) for the partial substitution and optical optimization of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) in pigmented coatings and inks. Supplied as an ultra-pure, odorless, bright-white free-flowing powder, Sylowhite SM 405 is engineered to replace 15% to 25% (and up to 30% in high-PVC architectural emulsions) of prime TiO2 pigment without sacrificing dry-film opacity (contrast ratio), brightness, or tint strength.

In global chemical inventories and European REACH registrations, Sylowhite SM 405 is indexed under CAS No. 1344-00-9 and EC / EINECS No. 215-684-8 (Silicic acid, aluminum sodium salt / Sodium aluminosilicate; also encompassing magnesium-co-precipitated synthetic amorphous sodium magnesium aluminum silicate structures under CAS 1344-01-0 / 12040-43-6). Unlike naturally mined silicate minerals (such as kaolin, talc, mica, feldspar, or diatomaceous earth) which are crystalline, contain variable iron/titanium oxide impurities that impart yellow or grey undertones, and frequently harbor respirable crystalline silica (quartz or cristobalite, CAS 14808-60-7 / 14464-46-1), Sylowhite SM 405 is 100% synthetically precipitated from purified aqueous solutions into a completely amorphous (non-crystalline by X-ray diffraction) three-dimensional aluminosilicate gel-aggregate structure.
Formulators and procurement engineers evaluating Titanium Dioxide extenders must distinguish Sylowhite SM 405 from three other classes of mineral fillers and silicas:

 Distinction from Passive Volume Fillers (Ground Calcium Carbonate GCC, Talc, and Barytes): Conventional coarse extenders (d50 = 5 to 25 microns) act merely as cheap bulk fillers; when used to replace TiO2 directly, they allow sub-micron TiO2 crystals (0.25 microns) to crowd into the voids between coarse filler grains, causing severe TiO2 self-crowding ('optical flocculation') and a steep loss of hiding power. By contrast, Sylowhite SM 405 possesses a sub-6-micron aggregate size with a nanostructured 20–40 nm primary particle surface that physically separates and spaces individual TiO2 particles at their optimal light-scattering distance (~0.20 to 0.35 microns center-to-center)!
 Distinction from Calcined Kaolin Clay (CAS 92704-41-1) and Natural Diatomaceous Earth: Calcined kaolin has a higher specific gravity (2.63 g/cm3), lower oil/water pore volume, and a warm yellowish-cream b-value undertone (due to trace Fe2O3/TiO2 in natural clay), while flux-calcined diatomaceous earth contains 20% to 70% crystalline cristobalite (classified as Carcinogen Category 1A by inhalation). Sylowhite SM 405 has a low true density of 2.05 g/cm3 (lowering wet paint specific gravity), a neutral-to-bluish ultra-high whiteness (ISO brightness >= 96%–98%, minimal yellowing on aging), and is 100% crystalline-silica-free!

 Distinction from Pure Precipitated or Fumed Silica Matting Agents (CAS 112926-00-8 / 7631-86-9): Pure synthetic silicas (like Syloid or Aerosil matting agents) are engineered with high pore volumes or large particle sizes (6 to 15 microns) specifically to roughen the coating surface and reduce 60°/85° gloss, often spiking high-shear viscosity. Sylowhite SM 405 is a co-precipitated sodium aluminum magnesium silicate with a controlled fine particle size (< 6.0 microns) and surface zeta potential specifically tuned to co-disperse with TiO2 and preserve sheen and opacity across matte, satin, eggshell, and semi-gloss formulations.

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE, NANOPOROUS ARCHITECTURE AND OPTICAL SPACING PHYSICS

Understanding how Sylowhite SM 405 (refractive index nD ~1.46 to 1.48) can replace 20% to 30% of high-refractive-index Rutile Titanium Dioxide (nD = 2.73) while maintaining or even increasing dry-film hiding power requires examining its three-level nanostructural and optical architecture:

 The Amorphous Tetrahedral Aluminosilicate Network ([SiO4]4- and [AlO4]5- with Na+ and Mg2+):
In Sylowhite SM 405, silicon atoms are tetrahedrally coordinated to four oxygen atoms ([SiO4]4-), and a controlled fraction of silicon sites (~12% to 18%) is isomorphously substituted by trivalent aluminum ([AlO4]5-) and divalent magnesium bridges. Each substitution of Al3+ for Si4+ introduces a permanent negative framework charge that is balanced by hydrated sodium (Na+) and magnesium (Mg2+) cations residing within the open nanopores, while the external aggregate surfaces carry reactive silanol (-Si-OH) and aluminol (-Al-OH) groups. In waterborne paints (pH 8.0 to 9.5), these surface groups ionize to create a uniform negative surface zeta potential (-30 to -45 mV) that matches the anionic polyelectrolyte dispersant shell on alumina/silica-treated rutile TiO2 pigments.

 Hierarchical Three-Tier Particle Morphology (Primary Nanospheres -> Mesoporous Aggregates -> Controlled Micron Agglomerates):
- Tier 1 (Primary Particles, 20 to 40 nm): During hydrothermal precipitation, amorphous sodium aluminum magnesium silicate nucleates as uniform primary nanospheres measuring 20 to 40 nanometers in diameter.
- Tier 2 (Fused Mesoporous Aggregates, 0.2 to 1.5 microns): Covalent siloxane (-Si-O-Si- and -Si-O-Al-) bonds fuse the primary nanospheres into rigid, grape-cluster-like three-dimensional aggregates containing an internal interconnected mesopore/macropore network (pore volume ~0.6 to 1.2 cm3/g; BET specific surface area ~50 to 110 m2/g; oil absorption ~110 to 160 g/100 g).
- Tier 3 (Micronized Secondary Agglomerates, d50 < 6.0 microns, typically 3.0 to 5.5 microns): During paint dispersion under a standard high-speed cowles sawtooth blade, the < 6.0-micron powder particles deagglomerate smoothly into sub-micron and low-micron functional spacer units without requiring high-energy bead milling.

 The Two Optical Mechanisms of TiO2 Extension: 'Steric Pigment Spacing' and 'Internal Micro-Void Dry Hiding':
- Mechanism A — Elimination of TiO2 Crowding ('The Spacer Effect'): According to Mie light-scattering physics, a rutile TiO2 crystal with an optimal diameter of 0.25 microns scatters visible light (wavelength 400 to 700 nm, peak at 550 nm) across an effective optical cross-section roughly 2.0 to 2.5 times larger than its physical geometric diameter. However, whenever TiO2 dosage exceeds 10%–12% PVC in a paint film—or when coarse calcium carbonate filler forces TiO2 particles into narrow interstitial pockets—the optical scattering fields of adjacent TiO2 crystals overlap destructively ('crowding effect'), wasting 20% to 35% of the expensive TiO2's hiding power! When Sylowhite SM 405 replaces 15% to 25% of the TiO2, its fine, negatively charged aluminosilicate aggregates sit directly between the 0.25-micron TiO2 particles like physical ball-bearings, locking each TiO2 crystal at its optimal ~0.25–0.35 micron inter-particle spacing and unlocking 100% of its light-scattering efficiency!
- Mechanism B — Intra-Aggregate Micro-Void Air Scattering (nD_air = 1.00): Because the internal mesopores (20 to 100 nm) inside Sylowhite SM 405 aggregates are too small for high-molecular-weight latex polymer droplets (typically 100 to 250 nm diameter in acrylic, vinyl-acrylic, or styrene-acrylic emulsions) to penetrate fully during film coalescence, microscopic air-filled nano-voids (refractive index nD = 1.00) remain encapsulated inside the aluminosilicate framework (nD = 1.46) and adjacent to TiO2 (nD = 2.73). This raises the refractive index differential (Delta-n = 2.73 - 1.00 = 1.73 vs. 2.73 - 1.50 = 1.23 in polymer binder), generating additional 'dry hiding' opacity and boosting CIE whiteness (L-value and negative b-value blue-white tone)!

INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION AND MANUFACTURING PROCESSES

Commercial Sylowhite SM 405 (CAS 1344-00-9 / EC 215-684-8) is manufactured via a precision wet-chemical hydrothermal precipitation and micronization process:

Step 1: Preparation of Ultra-Pure Aqueous Silicate and Aluminate/Magnesium Feed Solutions: High-purity quartz sand is fused with sodium carbonate and dissolved in demineralized water (and polished by filtration to remove trace iron and heavy metals below < 50–100 ppm Fe) to produce a crystal-clear aqueous sodium silicate (waterglass, Na2O·nSiO2) solution. Simultaneously, purified aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) or sodium aluminate (NaAlO2) and magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) solutions are prepared.

Step 2: Controlled Co-Precipitation and Hydrothermal Aging: The sodium silicate and aluminum/magnesium salt solutions are metered simultaneously at controlled stoichiometric rates, temperature (60 to 95 °C), agitation shear, and alkaline pH (8.5 to 10.5) into a stainless-steel precipitation reactor. Under these conditions, amorphous sodium aluminum magnesium silicate nucleates as 20–40 nm primary particles that condense into open, mesoporous three-dimensional aggregates. A controlled hydrothermal aging dwell locks in the target pore volume and oil absorption capacity while preventing any crystallization into zeolite or quartz phases.

Step 3: Rotary Vacuum / Filter-Press Washing and Deionization: The precipitated aluminosilicate slurry is filtered on membrane filter presses and washed thoroughly with warm demineralized water to strip soluble sodium sulfate reaction by-products down to specification levels (ensuring low electrical conductivity and high water-scrub resistance in exterior paints).

Step 4: Spray Drying and Fluid-Energy Air-Jet Micronization (< 6.0 Microns): The washed filter cake is reslurried and spray-dried (or flash-dried) to a low moisture content (<= 5.0%–7.0% loss on drying at 105 °C), then precision-milled in a ceramic-lined air-jet classifier mill to eliminate coarse grit (> 20 microns) and achieve the hallmark < 6.0-micron average particle size distribution of Sylowhite SM 405.
Ataman Kimya supplies Sylowhite SM 405—alongside complementary synthetic sodium aluminosilicates, precipitated silicas, and functional coating extenders—from ready warehouse stocks in Turkey to domestic and international paint, ink, paper, and polymer manufacturers.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SYLOWHITE SM 405

Quantitative physical, optical, chemical, and granulometric parameters for Sylowhite SM 405 Titanium Dioxide Extender (CAS 1344-00-9, EC 215-684-8) are presented below with their standard ISO, DIN, and ASTM analytical methods:
Chemical Identity and Registry Numbers: Precipitated Amorphous Sodium Aluminum Magnesium Silicate / Sodium Aluminosilicate; CAS No. 1344-00-9 (also referenced under CAS 1344-01-0 / 12040-43-6); EC / EINECS No. 215-684-8
Crystallographic Structure (X-Ray Diffraction, XRD): 100% Amorphous (Non-crystalline; crystalline silica / quartz / cristobalite content = 0.0% w/w, below 0.1% LOD)
Typical Chemical Oxide Composition (on ignited anhydrous basis at 1,000 °C, XRF / ICP-OES):
- Silicon Dioxide (SiO2): 66.0% to 74.0% w/w (typically ~70.0% w/w)
- Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3): 9.0% to 13.0% w/w (typically ~11.0% w/w)
- Sodium Oxide (Na2O): 6.0% to 9.5% w/w (typically ~7.5% w/w)
- Magnesium Oxide (MgO): 1.0% to 4.0% w/w (typically ~2.0% w/w in SM-series sodium magnesium aluminum silicate)
- Trace Iron (as Fe2O3): <= 0.03% to 0.05% w/w (ultra-low iron guarantees zero yellowing)
Physical State and Appearance (at 20 °C): Bright snow-white, odorless, flavorless, free-flowing fine micronized powder
Optical Brightness / Whiteness (ISO 2470 R457 Brightness / DIN 53163 Ry Dry Reflectance): >= 96.0% to 98.5% (typically 97.0% to 98.0%; CIE L-value >= 98.5, CIE b-value <= 0.5 to 1.0, neutral-to-cool white tone)
Refractive Index (nD20, ISO 787-10): 1.460 to 1.480 (specifically ~1.46; combined with encapsulated air nano-voids at nD = 1.00 to boost dry hiding alongside TiO2 at nD = 2.73)
Average Particle Size / Median Diameter d50 (Laser Diffraction Malvern / Coulter Counter, ISO 13320): < 6.0 microns (typically 3.2 to 5.5 microns; Primary nanosphere size by TEM: 20 to 40 nm)
 Hegman Fineness of Grind (ISO 1524 / ASTM D1210): 5.5 to 6.5 Hegman units (approximately 20 to 30 microns maximum top-cut under standard high-speed dissolver dispersion)
325-Mesh (45-Micron) Wet Sieve Residue (ISO 787-7): <= 0.01% to 0.05% w/w (virtually grit-free)
Oil Absorption (ISO 787-5 / ASTM D281, Linseed Oil or DBP Rub-Out): 110 to 160 g / 100 g (typically 125 to 145 g / 100 g, reflecting high internal mesopore volume for TiO2 spacing and micro-void opacity)
BET Specific Surface Area (ISO 9277 Nitrogen Adsorption): 50 to 110 m2/g (typically 65 to 90 m2/g)
Aqueous Suspension pH (5% w/w in Distilled Water at 20 °C, ISO 787-9): 9.5 to 11.2 (typically 10.0 to 10.8; provides natural alkaline pH buffering in waterborne latex paints, reducing organic amine neutralizer demand and inhibiting in-can bacterial spoilage)
Loss on Drying / Free Moisture (2 hours at 105 °C, ISO 787-2): <= 5.0% to 7.0% w/w (typically 3.5% to 5.5% w/w)
Loss on Ignition (2 hours at 1,000 °C, ISO 3262-1, including bound silanol/hydration water): <= 10.0% to 13.0% w/w (typically 9.0% to 11.5% w/w)
True Skeletal Density / Specific Gravity (ISO 787-10): 2.00 to 2.15 g/cm3 at 20 °C (typically 2.05 g/cm3)
Untapped Bulk Pour Density (ISO 787-11): 180 to 280 g/L (0.18 to 0.28 g/cm3)
Tapped Bulk Density (ISO 787-11): 260 to 360 g/L (0.26 to 0.36 g/cm3)
Water Solubility (at 20 °C): Practically insoluble in water (< 0.1% w/w) and insoluble in organic solvents, alcohols, ketones, esters, and hydrocarbons; soluble only in hydrofluoric acid (HF) or hot concentrated strong caustic alkalis
Water-Soluble Salts / Electrical Conductivity (ISO 787-3 / 787-14): Soluble sulfate (as Na2SO4) <= 0.5% to 1.0% w/w
Mohs Hardness: Approximately 4.5 to 5.5 (imparting strong wet-scrub and burnish resistance without abrading dispersion blades or printing cylinders)
Melting / Softening Point: > 1,000 to 1,250 °C (Non-flammable, non-combustible inorganic silicate; Flash Point: Not applicable).

WHY EACH IMPORTANT PROPERTY OF SYLOWHITE SM 405 MATTERS IN PRACTICE

Paint R&D directors, printing-ink chemists, and plant quality managers track the specific numerical parameters of Sylowhite SM 405 because each property directly governs optical hiding power, paint density, and storage rheology:

- Controlled Sub-6.0 Micron Particle Size (< 6.0 µm, Hegman 5.5–6.5) and 20–40 nm Primary Nanostructure: If an extender is too coarse (> 10–15 microns, like standard ground calcium carbonate or talc), it pushes 0.25-micron TiO2 crystals into crowded clusters and ruins surface gloss; if an extender is too fine and unaggregated (< 0.05 microns, like fumed silica), it causes extreme viscosity thickening at low loading. The < 6.0-micron mesoporous aggregate architecture of Sylowhite SM 405 disperses easily under a high-speed cowles blade in 15 to 20 minutes while positioning 0.2–1.0 micron structural spacer subunits directly between TiO2 particles to prevent optical crowding.

- Low True Specific Gravity (2.05 g/cm3 vs. 4.10 g/cm3 for Rutile TiO2): Paint is purchased by raw-material weight (kg) but sold and applied by volume (Liters and square meters per Liter). Because Sylowhite SM 405 has half the density of Titanium Dioxide (2.05 vs. 4.10 g/cm3), replacing 20 kg of TiO2 with 15 to 20 kg of Sylowhite SM 405 not only slashes raw material cost per kilogram, it also increases batch volume yield (or lowers the wet specific gravity of the paint by 0.03 to 0.06 g/cm3), giving the manufacturer more cans of paint per ton of batch!

- Ultra-High Brightness (>= 96%–98% ISO) and Ultra-Low Iron (<= 0.03%–0.05% Fe2O3): Natural clays (kaolin) and talcs contain iron and transition-metal oxides that absorb blue light and give white paints a dull yellowish-grey cast, especially as the binder ages. Because Sylowhite SM 405 is synthetically precipitated from purified silicate solutions, it has higher blue-light reflectance than rutile TiO2 (which absorbs slightly in the near-UV/violet at 400–410 nm)! Consequently, replacing 15%–25% of TiO2 with Sylowhite SM 405 actually INCREASES overall dry-film whiteness (CIE L-value and Whiteness Index) and reduces alkyd or acrylic yellowing on dark/UV aging!

- High Mesoporous Oil Absorption (110 to 160 g/100 g): The internal pore structure immobilizes a controlled fraction of vehicle/water and encapsulates nano-voids of air (nD = 1.00) in the dry film. This boosts contrast ratio (dry hiding power) and imparts smooth pseudoplastic low-shear viscosity that prevents hard pigment settling in the can and allows formulators to reduce expensive cellulosic (HEC/EHEC) or polyurethane (HEUR) thickeners by 10% to 25%.
- Alkaline pH Buffering (pH 9.5 to 11.0): In waterborne architectural emulsion paints, maintaining pH between 8.5 and 9.2 is critical for electrosteric dispersant stability and corrosion inhibition. Sylowhite SM 405 naturally buffers the millbase at alkaline pH, cutting volatile amine/ammonia usage (supporting low-VOC / zero-VOC ecolabel paints) and discouraging microbial growth.

HOW DOES SYLOWHITE SM 405 WORK AT THE MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL LEVEL?

Sylowhite SM 405 optimizes coating and ink formulations through four simultaneous physical-chemical mechanisms:

Electrostatic Co-Dispersion and Steric TiO2 Matrix Spacing: During the high-speed millbase grind stage, both surface-treated Rutile TiO2 and Sylowhite SM 405 develop negative surface potentials (-30 to -45 mV) in the alkaline aqueous or polar solvent medium. Rather than self-flocculating, the mesoporous Sylowhite SM 405 aggregates intercalate uniformly among the denser TiO2 crystals. As the wet paint film dries and latex polymer particles coalesce, the rigid aluminosilicate skeleton holds the TiO2 crystals apart at their optimal ~0.25-micron surface-to-surface separation distance—eliminating overlapping light-scattering diffraction zones and increasing the scattering coefficient (S in Kubelka-Munk theory) per unit weight of TiO2 by 15% to 30%.

Kubelka-Munk Dry-Void Light Scattering Enhancement: According to Fresnel and Kubelka-Munk optical theory, hiding power is proportional to the square of the refractive index difference between scattering centers and the surrounding medium: [(n1 - n2) / (n1 + n2)]^2. By trapping air-filled mesopores (nD = 1.00) inside its amorphous silicate cage (nD = 1.46) directly adjacent to TiO2 (nD = 2.73), Sylowhite SM 405 creates high-contrast solid-air interfaces that multiply diffuse internal reflectance across the 400–700 nm visible spectrum, boosting dry-film Contrast Ratio (ISO 6504-3) even when 20% to 25% of the TiO2 has been removed.

Three-Dimensional Hydrogen-Bonded Thixotropic Network Formation: Surface silanol (-Si-OH) and aluminol (-Al-OH) groups on dispersed Sylowhite SM 405 particles form weak, reversible hydrogen bonds with water molecules, associative thickener hydrophobes, and neighboring pigment particles at rest. This creates a supportive three-dimensional yield-stress network that suspends heavy TiO2 (density 4.1 g/cm3) and calcium carbonate particles indefinitely against gravity (eliminating syneresis and hard bottom settling during 12–24 months of shelf storage), yet breaks down instantaneously under brush, roller, or spray shear for effortless leveling and spatter-free application.

Film Reinforcement and Exterior Dirt-Pick-Up Resistance: In the cured coating film, the hard amorphous aluminosilicate aggregates (Mohs hardness ~5) reinforce the softer polymer binder matrix and reduce surface tackiness at elevated summer temperatures, which simultaneously increases DIN EN ISO 11998 wet-scrub resistance in interior paints and reduces atmospheric soot/dirt retention (dirt pick-up) on exterior masonry facades.

WHAT PROBLEMS CAN SYLOWHITE SM 405 HELP SOLVE?

Paint, coating, and printing ink manufacturers incorporate Sylowhite SM 405 to solve six critical economic, optical, and rheological challenges:

Escalating Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) costs and volatile TiO2 supply-chain shortages
Titanium Dioxide typically accounts for 35% to 60% of the total raw material cost of a white or pastel architectural paint or white printing ink. Replacing 15% to 25% (and up to 30%) of prime TiO2 with Sylowhite SM 405 cuts total pigment cost by 8% to 18% and guarantees manufacturing continuity when TiO2 supplies are tight—without any drop in hiding power!

Loss of opacity (contrast ratio) due to TiO2 crowding in medium-to-high PVC coatings
Above 12%–15% TiO2 PVC, adding more TiO2 yields diminishing optical returns because the TiO2 particles crowd together. Introducing 2% to 6% w/w Sylowhite SM 405 unpacks crowded TiO2 clusters, increasing wet and dry hiding power at constant or reduced TiO2 loading.

Yellowing of white alkyd and emulsion paints during dark storage or UV aging
Rutile TiO2 absorbs violet light (< 415 nm) and organic binders oxidize into yellow chromophores over time. Because Sylowhite SM 405 has ultra-high reflectance in the blue-violet spectrum (400–450 nm) and zero iron impurities, it shifts the CIE b-value value toward a cleaner, brighter blue-white and masks binder yellowing on aging.

In-can pigment settling, syneresis, and viscosity drift during warehouse storage
Heavy rutile TiO2 (density 4.1 g/cm3) and barytes/GCC settle to the bottom of low-viscosity paints and printing inks. Sylowhite SM 405 lowers overall paint specific gravity and builds a stable, non-drifting thixotropic structure that prevents settling and reduces cellulosic/associative thickener dosage.

Health, safety, and labeling hazards of Crystalline Silica (Quartz / Cristobalite) extenders
Natural flux-calcined diatomaceous earth and quartz flours contain respirable crystalline silica (classified as STOT RE 1 / Carcinogen Category 1A). Sylowhite SM 405 is 100% synthetic amorphous sodium aluminum magnesium silicate with zero crystalline silica, ensuring safe factory handling and clean hazard-free product labeling.

Poor wet-scrub resistance in interior matte paints and high dirt pick-up in exterior facade paints
Replacing soft clays or excess chalk (CaCO3) with durable, alkali-resistant Sylowhite SM 405 improves Class 1 / Class 2 wet-scrub durability (DIN EN 13300) and keeps exterior walls cleaner against acid rain and urban pollution.

BENEFITS FOR THE MANUFACTURER AND END USER

Selecting Sylowhite SM 405 from Ataman Kimya delivers measurable commercial and technical advantages for both the coating/ink producer and the end applicator:
Benefits for the Paint, Coating, and Printing Ink Manufacturer:
- Direct Formulation Cost Reduction (15% to 30% TiO2 Replacement): Replaces up to 20%–25% w/w of prime TiO2 in high-quality exterior/interior trade and DIY paints (and up to 30% in high-PVC matte emulsions) at a fraction of TiO2 cost.
- Lower Paint Specific Gravity & Higher Volumetric Yield: With a low true density of 2.05 g/cm3 (vs. 4.1 g/cm3 for TiO2), Sylowhite SM 405 reduces wet paint density and increases the number of liters produced per ton of raw materials.
- Reduced Thickener Demand & Problem-Free Cowles Dispersion: Disperses rapidly in 15–20 minutes under standard high-speed dissolvers (Hegman 5.5–6.5) and reduces cellulosic/rheology-modifier demand by 10% to 25%.
- Constant In-Can Viscosity & Anti-Settling Stability: Eliminates clear top-layer syneresis and hard bottom caking over 18–24 months of storage.
- Crystalline-Silica-Free & Low-VOC Friendly: 100% amorphous (zero quartz/cristobalite) with natural alkaline pH buffering (pH ~10) that lowers volatile amine neutralizer demand.
Benefits for the Painter, Printer, and End User:
- Superior Hiding Power (Contrast Ratio) & One-Coat Coverage: Optimized TiO2 spacing delivers higher opacity per coat.
- Brighter Whiteness, Cleaner Pastel Tints & Reduced Yellowing: High blue-violet reflectance keeps white walls, wood trims, and printed packaging crisp and non-yellowing over years of service.
- Excellent Brush/Roller Application, Wet-Scrub Resistance & Weatherability: Smooth spatter-free application, high wash/scrub durability indoors, and lower dirt pick-up outdoors.

APPLICATIONS OF SYLOWHITE SM 405

Sylowhite SM 405 is deployed as a functional Titanium Dioxide extender, optical spacer, and rheology stabilizer across eight major application sectors:
1. High-Quality Waterborne Interior and Exterior Trade & DIY Architectural Paints (Matte, Eggshell, Satin, and Semi-Gloss Emulsions)
2. High-Quality Solvent-Borne Architectural, Trim, Alkyd Enamel, and DIY Paints
3. Industrial Coatings, Anti-Corrosive Primers, Wood Coatings, Coil Coatings, and Road-Marking Paints
4. Liquid and Paste Printing Inks (Flexographic, Gravure, Offset, Screen, and Packaging Inks)
5. Paper Pulp Wet-End Filling and High-Brightness Paper / Paperboard Coating Colors
6. Powder Coatings, Plastisols, and Masterbatches / PVC Profiles (Partial TiO2 Replacement)
7. Construction Plasters, Textured Facade Renders, White Tile Grouts, and Elastomeric Roof Coatings
8. Specialty Adhesives, Sealants, and Rubber / Latex Goods

WHICH INDUSTRIES USE SYLOWHITE SM 405?

- Architectural & Decorative Paint Manufacturing Industry (Interior & Exterior Trade and DIY Coatings)
- Industrial, Protective, Marine, Automotive Refinish, Coil, and Wood Coating Industry
- Printing Ink and Packaging Graphic Arts Industry
- Pulp, Paper, and Thermal/Inkjet Paper Coating Industry
- Construction Chemicals, White Mortars, Sealants, and Elastomeric Waterproofing Industry
- Plastics, Masterbatch, Rubber, and Polymer Compounding Industry

USE OF SYLOWHITE SM 405 IN WATERBORNE AND SOLVENT-BORNE ARCHITECTURAL PAINTS

Architectural and decorative coatings (both professional Trade paints and consumer DIY paints) represent the largest global application for Sylowhite SM 405:
- Waterborne Interior Matte, Eggshell, and Silk Wall Paints (PVC 35% to 78%, 2.0% to 8.0% w/w Sylowhite SM 405): In vinyl-acrylic, styrene-acrylic, and pure acrylic interior emulsions containing 10% to 22% w/w Rutile TiO2, replacing 15% to 25% of the TiO2 weight (and up to 30% in high-PVC ceiling and contract matte paints) with Sylowhite SM 405 increases dry-film Contrast Ratio by 0.5% to 1.5%, raises CIE Whiteness Index by 1.5 to 3.0 points, reduces wet paint specific gravity by 0.03 to 0.06 g/cm3, and maintains Class 1 or Class 2 wet-scrub resistance under DIN EN 13300 / ISO 11998.
- Waterborne Exterior Masonry and Facade Paints (2.0% to 6.0% w/w Sylowhite SM 405): Unlike water-sensitive or chalking fillers, the insoluble synthetic sodium magnesium aluminum silicate matrix of Sylowhite SM 405 resists acid rain, UV degradation, and efflorescence, replacing up to 15%–20% w/w of TiO2 in exterior acrylic and silicone-modified facade paints while reducing surface dirt pick-up during outdoor weathering.
- Solvent-Borne Alkyd Trim Enamels, Undercoats, and Renovation Primers (2.0% to 7.0% w/w Sylowhite SM 405): In long-oil and medium-oil alkyd paints, white primers, and stain-blocking undercoats, Sylowhite SM 405 replaces 15% to 20% w/w of TiO2, prevents hard TiO2 settling in low-viscosity solvent media, improves brushability and sag resistance, and counteracts the natural dark-yellowing tendency of drying alkyd resins!

USE OF SYLOWHITE SM 405 IN INDUSTRIAL COATINGS AND PRINTING INKS

- Industrial Primers, Wood Coatings, Coil Primers, and Road-Marking Paints (2.0% to 8.0% w/w): Used in waterborne and solvent-borne epoxy, polyurethane, alkyd-melamine, and acrylic industrial primers and topcoats to reduce TiO2 cost by 15%–25%, improve inter-coat sanding and substrate hiding, and prevent pigment sedimentation in dip, spray, and curtain-coating tanks.
- White and Pastel Printing Inks (Flexographic, Gravure, Offset, and Screen Inks, 1.5% to 6.0% w/w): In water-based and solvent-based white flexo/gravure packaging inks (for corrugated board, flexible polyethylene/polypropylene films, and paper labels) and paste offset inks, replacing 10% to 25% w/w of TiO2 with fine-particle (< 6.0 µm) Sylowhite SM 405 maintains high opaque white backing power, improves ink transfer and dot sharpness without plate or anilox roll abrasion, reduces ink misting/flying, and prevents TiO2 hard-caking in ink fountains.

USE OF SYLOWHITE SM 405 IN PAPER COATINGS, PLASTICS AND ELASTOMERS

- Paper Wet-End and Coating Color Applications (1.0% to 5.0% on dry pulp/coating weight): In fine printing papers, decor papers (for laminate flooring/furniture), and coated packaging board, Sylowhite SM 405 spaces TiO2 to boost paper opacity and ISO brightness, reduces print strike-through by absorbing ink vehicle into its mesopores, and lowers basis weight.
- Plastics, PVC Profiles, Masterbatches, and Rubber Compounding (1.0% to 5.0% w/w): Used as a partial TiO2 extender and anti-blocking/nucleating filler in white PVC window profiles, pipes, plastisols, polyolefin films, and light-colored SBR 1502 / EPDM rubber compounds.

FORMULATION AND PROCESS CONSIDERATIONS WHEN USING SYLOWHITE SM 405

To achieve maximum TiO2 spacing efficiency, optimal rheology, and maximum cost savings when formulating with Sylowhite SM 405, coating and ink chemists should follow five practical engineering rules:

Optimal TiO2 Substitution Ratio (Weight vs. Volume Basis): Standard direct weight-for-weight replacement of Rutile TiO2 with Sylowhite SM 405 is 15% to 20% w/w in low-to-medium PVC semi-gloss/satin paints and printing inks, and 20% to 30% w/w in medium-to-high PVC interior/exterior matte paints. Because Sylowhite SM 405 has roughly half the true density of TiO2 (2.05 vs. 4.10 g/cm3), replacing 20 g of TiO2 with 20 g of Sylowhite SM 405 doubles the pigment volume of that replaced fraction; therefore, in formulations near the Critical Pigment Volume Concentration (CPVC), formulators often replace 100 parts by weight of TiO2 with 60 to 85 parts by weight of Sylowhite SM 405 (plus a small binder/water adjustment) to keep total PVC and oil absorption balanced!

Co-Dispersion in the Millbase with TiO2: Always charge Sylowhite SM 405 into the high-speed cowles dissolver millbase alongside the Titanium Dioxide (after adding water/solvent, wetting agent, and polymeric/polyacrylate dispersant). Co-dispersing at 1,500 to 2,500 rpm (tip speed ~15 to 22 m/s) for 15 to 20 minutes ensures that the Sylowhite SM 405 aggregates are intimately interspersed between the TiO2 crystals before the other coarse fillers (CaCO3, talc) and latex binder are let down.

Adjusting Dispersant and Thickener Dosage: Because Sylowhite SM 405 has a mesoporous BET surface area of 65–90 m2/g and oil absorption of 125–145 g/100 g, verify that polyacrylate/polyphosphate dispersant dosage is sufficient (typically 0.4% to 0.8% active dispersant on total pigment+extender weight) to maintain a fluid millbase. Conversely, because Sylowhite SM 405 naturally contributes structured low-shear body, cellulosic (HEC) or associative (HEUR/HASE) thickener dosage in the let-down stage can typically be reduced by 10% to 25%, yielding an additional formulation cost saving!

Utilizing the Natural Alkaline pH (pH ~10): When adding Sylowhite SM 405 to a waterborne paint millbase, its natural alkaline pH (9.5 to 11.0) raises millbase pH into the optimal 8.5–9.2 window automatically. Measure batch pH before adding ammonia, AMP-95, or NaOH so you do not over-alkalize the paint.

Avoiding Over-Milling in Sub-Micron Bead Mills: For architectural paints and primers, simple high-speed cowles dispersion is ideal and preserves the porous 3–5 micron spacer aggregate structure. In printing inks where bead milling is used, avoid excessive residence times that would crush the internal mesopores completely.

TYPICAL USE LEVELS AND INITIAL FORMULATION APPROACHES FOR SYLOWHITE SM 405

Typical commercial incorporation levels and TiO2 replacement rates for Sylowhite SM 405 depend on the coating or ink type, target gloss level, and Pigment Volume Concentration (PVC):
- Waterborne Interior Matte & Contract Wall Paints (PVC 50% to 78%): 2.5% to 7.0% w/w on total paint formula weight, replacing 20% to 30% w/w of the Titanium Dioxide content.
- Waterborne Exterior Facade & Masonry Paints (PVC 35% to 55%): 2.0% to 5.0% w/w on total paint formula weight, replacing 15% to 20% w/w of the Titanium Dioxide content.
- Waterborne & Solvent-Borne Satin, Eggshell, and Semi-Gloss Paints (PVC 20% to 35%): 1.5% to 4.0% w/w on total paint weight, replacing 10% to 20% w/w of the Titanium Dioxide content.
- Solvent-Borne Alkyd Enamels, Undercoats, and Stain-Blocking Primers: 2.0% to 6.0% w/w on total paint weight, replacing 15% to 25% w/w of the Titanium Dioxide content.
- Industrial Anticorrosive Primers, Wood Primers, and Road-Marking Coatings: 2.0% to 8.0% w/w on total formula weight (15% to 25% TiO2 replacement).
- White & Pastel Flexographic, Gravure, Screen, and Offset Printing Inks: 1.5% to 5.0% w/w on total ink weight, replacing 10% to 20% w/w of the Titanium Dioxide content.
- Paper Wet-End Filling & Paper Coating Colors: 1.0% to 5.0% w/w on dry fiber or dry coating pigment weight.
- White PVC Profiles, Plastisols, and Polymer Masterbatches: 0.5% to 3.0% w/w in finished compound (or 5.0% to 15.0% w/w in white masterbatches alongside TiO2).
The four laboratory and pilot frameworks below illustrate preliminary R&D evaluation protocols for qualified technical personnel.

EXAMPLE 1: BENCH-SCALE EVALUATION OF 20% TIO2 REPLACEMENT WITH SYLOWHITE SM 405 IN A PREMIUM INTERIOR/EXTERIOR WATERBORNE ACRYLIC EMULSION PAINT

Purpose: To evaluate dry-film Contrast Ratio (opacity per ISO 6504-3), CIE L-a-b Whiteness, wet specific gravity reduction, Stormer/ICI viscosity stability, and DIN EN ISO 11998 wet-scrub resistance when replacing 20% by weight of Rutile Titanium Dioxide with Sylowhite SM 405 in a high-quality waterborne styrene-acrylic / pure-acrylic trade paint (target PVC ~48%).
Initial comparative screening formulations (per 1,000.0 g batch; Control vs. Sylowhite SM 405 Test Formula):
- Deionized Water (millbase + let-down total): 295.0 g (29.5% w/w)
- Cellulosic Thickener (HEC, e.g., Natrosol 250 HBR, reduced by 15% in Test batch): 3.8 g (0.38% w/w vs. 4.5 g in Control)
- Sodium Polyacrylate Pigment Dispersant (40% active) + Nonionic Wetting Agent: 6.5 g (0.65% w/w)
- Silicone/Mineral Oil Defoamer + In-Can Biocide (BIT/MIT) + Coalescent (Texanol / DPnB): 19.7 g (1.97% w/w)
- Rutile Titanium Dioxide (Alumina/Silica/Zirconia-treated, e.g., Ti-Pure R-902+ / Tiona 595, reduced by 20% from 200.0 g in Control down to 160.0 g): 160.0 g (16.0% w/w)
- Sylowhite SM 405 Titanium Dioxide Extender (CAS 1344-00-9, d50 < 6.0 microns, replacing 40.0 g of TiO2): 35.0 g (3.5% w/w, plus 5.0 g binder/water adjustment)
- Fine Ground Calcium Carbonate (GCC, d50 = 2.5 microns) + Calcined/Hydrous Kaolin or Talc: 190.0 g (19.0% w/w)
- Styrene-Acrylic or Pure Acrylic Emulsion Binder (50% solids, MFFT ~12 °C): 290.0 g (29.0% w/w)
Laboratory evaluation procedure:
- Stage 1 (Millbase Co-Dispersion): Charge 180.0 g of the deionized water, dispersant, wetting agent, half the defoamer, and the 3.8 g HEC thickener into a jacketed 2-Liter dissolver pot and stir at 800 rpm for 10 minutes. Under medium agitation, charge the 160.0 g Rutile TiO2 immediately followed by the 35.0 g Sylowhite SM 405 so the two white powders wet and intercalate together, then add the 190.0 g GCC/extender blend. Increase cowles sawtooth blade speed to 2,200 rpm (tip speed ~18 m/s) and disperse for 20 minutes at < 40 °C. Check Hegman fineness of grind (target >= 5.5 to 6.0 Hegman).
- Stage 2 (Let-Down & Rheology Adjustment): Reduce speed to 700 rpm and slowly add the 290.0 g acrylic emulsion binder, coalescent, remaining defoamer, biocide, and balance deionized water over 15 minutes. Note that because Sylowhite SM 405 naturally buffers pH at ~9.0, minimal or zero ammonia/AMP-95 is required to reach target pH 8.8–9.1!
- Stage 3 (Optical, Density & Scrub QC Testing): Measure wet paint density with a 100 mL metal pycnometer (ISO 2811-1; note density drops from ~1.42 g/cm3 in Control to ~1.38 g/cm3 with Sylowhite SM 405, yielding ~2.9% more paint volume per kg!). Draw down wet films at 100, 150, and 200 microns on Leneta black-and-white opacity charts, dry for 24 hours at 23 °C / 50% RH, and measure Contrast Ratio (ISO 6504-3, target >= 98.2%, matching or exceeding the 20% higher-TiO2 Control!), CIE Whiteness (L-value >= 96.5, b-value reduced by 0.3 units), 60°/85° sheen, DIN EN ISO 11998 200-cycle wet-scrub loss (Class 1 / Class 2), and 14-day 50 °C oven storage viscosity stability (Stormer KU drift <= +/- 3 KU with zero syneresis).

EXAMPLE 2: FORMULATION OF A SOLVENT-BORNE LONG-OIL ALKYD ARCHITECTURAL ENAMEL AND UNDERCOAT WITH REDUCED YELLOWING

Purpose: To evaluate 15% to 20% Titanium Dioxide substitution, anti-settling stability, brushability, and dark-aging yellowing suppression using Sylowhite SM 405 in a solvent-borne alkyd architectural trim paint or high-opacity primer/undercoat.
Initial screening formulation (per 1,000.0 g batch):
- Long-Oil Soya/Tall-Oil Alkyd Resin (70% solids in dearomatized white spirit): 420.0 g (42.0% w/w)
- Rutile Titanium Dioxide (reduced by 18% from 240.0 g down to 197.0 g): 197.0 g (19.7% w/w)
- Sylowhite SM 405 Titanium Dioxide Extender (CAS 1344-00-9, d50 < 6.0 microns): 38.0 g (3.8% w/w)
- Micronized Dolomite / Calcium Carbonate (d50 = 3.0 microns): 140.0 g (14.0% w/w)
- Bentone / Organoclay Rheology Modifier + Soy Lecithin Dispersing Aid: 8.0 g (0.8% w/w)
- Cobalt-free / Zirconium / Calcium Mixed Drier Package + Methyl Ethyl Ketoxime (MEKO) Anti-Skinning Agent: 12.0 g (1.2% w/w)
- Dearomatized Hydrocarbon Solvent (D60 White Spirit, balance to 1,000.0 g): 185.0 g (18.5% w/w)
Laboratory evaluation procedure:
- Premix 180.0 g of the alkyd resin, 60.0 g white spirit, dispersing aid, and organoclay in a high-speed dissolver for 10 minutes.
- Add the 197.0 g Rutile TiO2, 38.0 g Sylowhite SM 405, and 140.0 g micronized carbonate, and disperse at 2,400 rpm (or pass through a horizontal bead mill for high-gloss finishes) until Hegman fineness reaches >= 6.0.
- Let down with the remaining 240.0 g alkyd resin, driers, anti-skinning agent, and white spirit.
- Evaluate dry-film hiding power at 100 microns wet film thickness, vertical sag resistance (ASTM D4400), 30-day in-can pigment settling rating (ASTM D869, target >= 9/10 with zero hard cake), and dark-chamber yellowing resistance (Delta-b-value after 4 weeks in dark ammonia/warm chamber at 40 °C, demonstrating 20%–35% lower yellowing than the all-TiO2 control).

EXAMPLE 3: HIGH-OPACITY WATER-BASED WHITE FLEXOGRAPHIC PACKAGING PRINTING INK EVALUATION

Purpose: To evaluate 15% w/w Titanium Dioxide replacement, opaque backing hiding power on transparent polyethylene film and kraft corrugated board, ink transfer, and fountain anti-settling stability using Sylowhite SM 405 in a waterborne acrylic white flexographic ink.
Initial screening formulation (per 1,000.0 g batch):
- Styrene-Acrylic Solution/Emulsion Ink Vehicle (alkali-soluble resin cut + film-forming acrylic emulsion, pH 8.5): 465.0 g (46.5% w/w)
- Rutile Titanium Dioxide (printing-ink grade, reduced from 360.0 g down to 306.0 g): 306.0 g (30.6% w/w)
- Sylowhite SM 405 Titanium Dioxide Extender (d50 < 6.0 microns, crystalline-silica-free): 48.0 g (4.8% w/w)
- Polymeric Hyperdispersant + Acetylenic Diol Substrate Wetting Surfactant: 15.0 g (1.5% w/w)
- Micronized Polyethylene Wax Emulsion (rub resistance): 20.0 g (2.0% w/w)
- Silicone-Free Defoamer + Isopropanol / Propylene Glycol Ether Co-Solvent: 26.0 g (2.6% w/w)
- Deionized Water (adjusted to Zahn Cup No. 2 viscosity of 22 to 28 seconds at 25 °C): 120.0 g (12.0% w/w)
Laboratory evaluation procedure:
- Disperse the 306.0 g Rutile TiO2 and 48.0 g Sylowhite SM 405 in 250.0 g of the acrylic ink vehicle, dispersant, defoamer, and 80.0 g water using a high-speed dissolver followed by a 15-minute pass through a laboratory zirconia bead mill (1.0 mm beads) to Hegman >= 6.5.
- Let down with the remaining 215.0 g acrylic vehicle, PE wax emulsion, wetting surfactant, co-solvent, and water.
- Proof the white flexo ink onto corona-treated transparent LDPE film and brown kraft linerboard using a laboratory anilox hand proofer (140 lines/cm, 8.0 cm3/m2 volume). Measure X-Rite densitometer opacity / whiteness (target >= 62%–65% opacity on transparent film in a single pass), rub resistance (Sutherland rub tester), and 7-day fountain settling stability.

EXAMPLE 4: HIGH-PVC INTERIOR CONTRACT MATTE & CEILING PAINT WITH 25% TO 30% TIO2 REDUCTION

Purpose: To evaluate maximum dry-hiding synergy and cost reduction by replacing 25% to 30% w/w of Titanium Dioxide with Sylowhite SM 405 in an economical high-PVC (PVC ~72%) interior matte ceiling and wall paint.
Initial screening formulation (per 1,000.0 g batch):
- Water: 360.0 g (36.0% w/w)
- HEC Cellulosic Thickener + Polyacrylate Dispersant + Defoamer + Biocide: 14.0 g (1.4% w/w)
- Rutile Titanium Dioxide (reduced by 28% from 100.0 g down to 72.0 g): 72.0 g (7.2% w/w)
- Sylowhite SM 405 Titanium Dioxide Extender: 30.0 g (3.0% w/w)
- Ground Calcium Carbonate (2.5-micron + 5.0-micron bimodal blend) + Talc: 394.0 g (39.4% w/w)
- Vinyl-Acrylic or Styrene-Acrylic Emulsion Binder (50% solids): 130.0 g (13.0% w/w)
Laboratory evaluation procedure:
- Co-disperse the 72.0 g Rutile TiO2, 30.0 g Sylowhite SM 405, and 394.0 g carbonate/talc extenders in the aqueous millbase at 2,000 rpm for 20 minutes, then let down with the 130.0 g emulsion binder.
- Compare dry-film Contrast Ratio at 150 microns wet film thickness against the 100.0 g TiO2 control: verify that the mesoporous air-void scattering and TiO2 spacing of Sylowhite SM 405 achieve higher dry hiding (>= 97.5%) and brighter whiteness (L-value >= 96.0) while cutting TiO2 consumption by 28%!

COMPATIBILITY AND INCOMPATIBILITY OF SYLOWHITE SM 405

Evaluating chemical, colloidal, and binder compatibility is straightforward when formulating with Sylowhite SM 405:
- Universal Compatibility with Waterborne Polymer Binders: 100% compatible with pure acrylic, styrene-acrylic, vinyl-acrylic (PVA/VeoVa), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), polyurethane dispersions (PUDs), water-reducible alkyds, styrene-butadiene (SBR) latices, and silicate/silicone masonry binders.
- Universal Compatibility with Solvent-Borne and 100%-Solids Binders: Chemically inert and fully compatible with long-, medium-, and short-oil alkyds, two-component (2K) epoxies and polyurethanes, chlorinated rubber, thermoplastic acrylics, nitrocellulose, polyester coil coatings, and UV-curable acrylate inks/coatings.
- Full Compatibility with Pigments, Extenders, and Dispersants: Compatible in all proportions with Rutile and Anatase Titanium Dioxide (TiO2), inorganic iron oxides, organic pigments (phthalocyanines, quinacridones, azo pigments), calcium carbonate (GCC/PCC), kaolin clay, talc, mica, barium sulfate, wollastonite, and all standard anionic/nonionic/electrosteric pigment dispersants and cellulosic/HEUR/HASE thickeners.
- Incompatibility with Strong Mineral Acids (pH < 3.5) and Hydrofluoric Acid: Because Sylowhite SM 405 is an alkaline sodium aluminum magnesium silicate (pH 9.5–11.0), exposing it to strong mineral acids (such as concentrated HCl, H2SO4, HNO3, or phosphoric acid at pH < 3.0) leaches sodium, magnesium, and aluminum ions from the framework and converts the particles into silicic acid gel; contact with hydrofluoric acid (HF) dissolves the silicate network completely into toxic silicon tetrafluoride (SiF4) gas.
- Zinc-Rich Shop Primers & Acid-Catalyzed Coatings: In strongly acidic two-pack acid-catalyzed wood lacquers (pH < 2.5 catalyzed with p-TSA), alkaline Sylowhite SM 405 can neutralize the acid catalyst and slow cure; verify cure speed before use in acid-cured systems.

SIMILAR PRODUCTS AND ALTERNATIVES TO SYLOWHITE SM 405

When selecting a functional Titanium Dioxide extender or optical spacer for coatings, inks, and paper, formulators compare Sylowhite SM 405 against calcined kaolin clay, precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC), natural diatomaceous earth / cristobalite, barium sulfate (blanc fixe), and opaque polymeric hollow-sphere pigments.

SYLOWHITE SM 405 AND CALCINED KAOLIN CLAY (ANHYDROUS ALUMINUM SILICATE, CAS 92704-41-1)

Calcined Kaolin Clay is produced by thermally dehydroxylating natural hydrous kaolinite clay at 1,000 °C to create fused plate-like particles (d50 ~0.8 to 2.0 microns, density 2.63 g/cm3).
While calcined kaolin provides good dry hiding in flat interior paints, it suffers from three major drawbacks compared to Sylowhite SM 405: (1) Natural iron and titanium oxide impurities in mined kaolin give calcined clay an inherent yellowish-cream undertone (CIE b-value = +1.5 to +3.0), which lowers paint whiteness and distorts clean pastel tints; (2) Its higher density (2.63 g/cm3 vs. 2.05 g/cm3 for Sylowhite SM 405) increases wet paint weight per liter; and (3) Calcined kaolin platelets are abrasive (Mohs 6–7) and increase film sheen/burnishing at low angles. Synthetic Sylowhite SM 405 delivers superior snow-white brightness (ISO >= 97%), lower paint density, and far cleaner tint tone.

SYLOWHITE SM 405 AND GROUND OR PRECIPITATED CALCIUM CARBONATE (GCC / PCC, CAS 471-34-1)

Ground Calcium Carbonate (GCC, d50 = 1.5 to 15 microns, density 2.71 g/cm3) is the primary low-cost bulk extender in interior paints, while Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC, d50 = 0.5 to 2.0 microns) is a synthetic aragonite/calcite crystal.
However, GCC has low oil absorption (15–22 g/100 g) and zero internal nanoporosity, so replacing TiO2 with GCC causes immediate TiO2 crowding and a drastic loss of opacity. Furthermore, both GCC and PCC are acid-soluble carbonates that dissolve and chalk rapidly when exposed to acid rain (SO2 / NOx) in exterior facade paints! Sylowhite SM 405 is an acid-rain-resistant, mesoporous aluminosilicate spacer that maintains full opacity and exterior weatherability at 15%–25% TiO2 replacement.

SYLOWHITE SM 405 AND FLUX-CALCINED DIATOMACEOUS EARTH (CRISTOBALITE SILICA, CAS 68855-54-9)

Flux-Calcined Diatomaceous Earth is used as a flatting and extending agent in trade paints, but calcination at 1,000 °C with soda ash converts 25% to 70% of the amorphous diatom frustules into crystalline Cristobalite (CAS 14464-46-1).
Under EU CLP and global GHS regulations, any powder containing >= 1.0% respirable crystalline silica (quartz or cristobalite) must be classified as STOT RE 1 (H372: Causes damage to lungs through prolonged or repeated inhalation) and Carcinogen Category 1A! Sylowhite SM 405 is 100% synthetic amorphous sodium aluminum magnesium silicate (0.0% crystalline silica), providing a completely non-hazardous, crystalline-silica-free alternative.

SYLOWHITE SM 405 AND PRECIPITATED BARIUM SULFATE (BLANC FIXE, CAS 7727-43-7)

Precipitated Barium Sulfate (Blanc Fixe, d50 = 0.7 to 1.5 microns, nD = 1.64, density 4.45 g/cm3) is used as a high-gloss spacer in automotive and powder coatings because of its low oil absorption (12–18 g/100 g) and chemical inertness.
However, Blanc Fixe has an extremely high specific gravity (4.45 g/cm3—more than double the 2.05 g/cm3 density of Sylowhite SM 405!), which causes severe hard-cake settling in liquid paints and drastically increases the weight and raw-material cost per liter of wet paint, while contributing zero internal air-void dry hiding. Sylowhite SM 405 provides far higher dry hiding opacity, built-in anti-settling thixotropy, and less than half the specific gravity.

SYLOWHITE SM 405 AND STYRENE-ACRYLIC HOLLOW-SPHERE OPAQUE POLYMERS

Opaque Polymer Emulsions (30% solids aqueous dispersions of 0.4-micron styrene-acrylic hollow latex spheres filled with water that evaporates upon drying to leave a single air void) are used as partial TiO2 replacements in waterborne paints.
However, organic opaque polymers are incompatible with solvent-borne paints, collapse under high shear or high temperature, collapse if coalescing solvents are high, reduce wet-scrub resistance at high loadings, and cannot be used in dry-powder premixes or printing inks. Inorganic Sylowhite SM 405 works equally well in both waterborne and solvent-borne paints and inks, never collapses under solvent or thermal stress, and actively improves wet-scrub and weathering durability.

QUALITY GRADES, QUALITY CONTROL AND PURCHASING CRITERIA FOR SYLOWHITE SM 405

When qualifying Sylowhite SM 405 or related synthetic sodium aluminosilicate TiO2 extenders from Ataman Kimya, R&D and Quality Control laboratories verify the following critical analytical and functional parameters:
- 1. Standard Coating & Printing Ink Grade (Sylowhite SM 405): Fine-particle-size (< 6.0 microns, Hegman 5.5–6.5) precipitated amorphous sodium aluminum magnesium silicate powder with ISO Brightness >= 96%–98%, Oil Absorption 110–160 g/100 g, pH (5% aq.) 9.5–11.2, Loss on Drying (105 °C) <= 5.0%–7.0%, True Density ~2.05 g/cm3, and 0.0% crystalline silica.
- 2. Related Functional Aluminosilicate & Silica Grades Available from Ataman Kimya:
  - Sylowhite SM 405: Benchmark < 6.0-micron precipitated sodium magnesium aluminum silicate TiO2 extender for waterborne/solvent-borne paints and printing inks.
  - Ultra-Fine Sub-Micron / 2-Micron Sodium Aluminosilicate Grades: For high-gloss automotive/coil coatings, thin-film gravure inks, and paper coating colors.
  - Food/Feed Anti-Caking Grade Sodium Aluminosilicate (E554, CAS 1344-00-9): For powdered food, spice, and feed free-flow conditioning.
  - Synthetic Amorphous Silica Matting Agents (Syloid / Precipitated & Gel Silica Types): For controlled gloss reduction (matte to satin) in wood, coil, leather, and industrial coatings.
Incoming Quality-Control (QC) Parameters to Verify on Every Shipment:
- Chemical Identity and CAS / EC Numbers (CAS 1344-00-9 / EC 215-684-8) and 100% Amorphous Crystalline-Silica-Free XRD Certification
- Median Particle Size d50 (< 6.0 microns by Laser Diffraction), Hegman Fineness of Grind (>= 5.5–6.5), and 325-Mesh (45-Micron) Wet-Sieve Residue (<= 0.05%)
- Optical Brightness / Whiteness (ISO 2470 R457 >= 96.0%–98.0% and CIE L, a, b coordinates)
- Oil Absorption Capacity (ISO 787-5, 110 to 160 g/100 g) and BET Surface Area
- Aqueous Suspension pH (5% w/w, 9.5 to 11.2) and Electrical Conductivity / Soluble Sulfate Ceiling
- Loss on Drying at 105 °C (<= 5.0%–7.0% w/w) and Loss on Ignition at 1,000 °C

STORAGE AND HANDLING OF SYLOWHITE SM 405

Warehouse Storage Conditions for Sylowhite SM 405: Store Sylowhite SM 405 Titanium Dioxide Extender in tightly closed original multi-wall bags or FIBC big bags on dry wooden or plastic pallets in a cool, dry, covered, well-ventilated indoor warehouse at ambient temperatures (+5 to +40 °C), protected from rain, floor dampness, high humidity, and volatile acidic fumes.
Moisture Pickup and Pore-Volume Protection for Sylowhite SM 405: Because Sylowhite SM 405 possesses an open mesoporous internal structure (BET surface area 65–90 m2/g) designed to trap optical air micro-voids and absorb vehicle during paint dispersion, leaving open bags of Sylowhite SM 405 exposed to damp warehouse air (> 70% RH) allows the powder to adsorb atmospheric water vapor (increasing Loss on Drying above 7% and causing loose agglomerates). 

Always fold and seal partially used bags immediately after dispensing, and wrap stored pallets in polyethylene stretch-hood film. Unlike organic polymers, inorganic Sylowhite SM 405 never degrades chemically, oxidizes, or supports biological growth; when stored dry in its original unopened packaging, it maintains full optical and rheological specification performance for 24 to 36+ months from the date of manufacture.
Safe Handling, Dust Control, and Spill Cleanup for Sylowhite SM 405: Because Sylowhite SM 405 is a low-bulk-density (~200–260 g/L), micronized (< 6.0 µm) white powder, dump bags smoothly into the vortex of the dissolver kettle at medium agitation speed using charging hoppers equipped with local exhaust dust extraction (LEV) to minimize airborne dust. Avoid dry-sweeping spilled Sylowhite SM 405 powder with brooms or compressed air jets; collect spills using a HEPA-filtered industrial vacuum cleaner or damp-sweep into closed containers, and wash residual floor films with water (noting that wet silicate slurries on smooth floors can be slippery).

FIRST AID MEASURES AND SAFETY INFORMATION FOR SYLOWHITE SM 405

First Aid Measures for Sylowhite SM 405 (Precipitated Amorphous Sodium Aluminum Magnesium Silicate, CAS 1344-00-9):
- Inhalation of Sylowhite SM 405 Dust: Sylowhite SM 405 is 100% synthetic amorphous aluminosilicate and contains ZERO crystalline silica (quartz, cristobalite, or tridymite), so it does not cause silicosis. However, inhaling high concentrations of any fine mineral dust can cause temporary mechanical dryness, coughing, or irritation of the nasal passages and upper respiratory tract. Move the exposed person into fresh air, blow the nose gently, and rinse the mouth and throat with water; seek medical attention if coughing or respiratory discomfort persists.
- Eye Contact with Sylowhite SM 405: Fine dry powder entering the eyes can cause mechanical irritation, redness, and watering, accompanied by mild alkaline discomfort (aqueous pH ~10). Do not rub the eyes! Immediately flush the eyes with plenty of lukewarm low-pressure running water or sterile isotonic eyewash saline for at least 15 minutes while holding eyelids open and removing contact lenses if present; consult an ophthalmologist if irritation persists.
- Skin Contact with Sylowhite SM 405: Sylowhite SM 405 is non-toxic and non-sensitizing to skin, though prolonged contact with dry absorbent silicate powder can absorb natural skin oils and cause dryness or chapping. Wash contacted skin with mild soap and water and apply a moisturizing hand cream after work shifts.
- Ingestion of Sylowhite SM 405: Synthetic sodium aluminosilicate is practically non-toxic by ingestion (oral LD50 in rats > 5,000 mg/kg bw). Rinse the mouth with water and drink 1 to 2 glasses of water; never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person, and seek medical advice if large quantities are swallowed.

Workplace Safety, GHS Classification, and Toxicological Profile of Sylowhite SM 405:
Under European Union CLP Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 and UN GHS, Sylowhite SM 405 (CAS 1344-00-9, EC 215-684-8) is NOT classified as a hazardous substance or mixture: it carries no hazard pictograms, no signal word, and no hazard statements. Acute oral LD50 (rat) is > 5,000 mg/kg, acute dermal LD50 (rabbit) is > 2,000 to > 5,000 mg/kg, and acute inhalation LC50 (rat, 4 h) exceeds maximum attainable dust concentrations. It is non-mutagenic, non-carcinogenic (IARC Group 3: Not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans for synthetic amorphous silicates), and environmentally inert (fish and daphnia LC50/EC50 > 1,000 to > 10,000 mg/L).

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Handling Sylowhite SM 405:
Operators charging dry Sylowhite SM 405 bags into paint dissolvers should wear dust-tight safety glasses or goggles (EN 166), protective work gloves (nitrile or cotton/leather), long-sleeved workwear, and a particulate dust mask (EN 149 FFP2 / NIOSH N95) if workplace dust levels approach occupational exposure limits for synthetic amorphous silica/silicate dust (typically 4 mg/m3 respirable / 10 mg/m3 inhalable 8-hour TWA).
Commercial Packaging and Transport Logistics for Sylowhite SM 405:
- 15 kg, 20 kg, or 25 kg net multi-wall valve or open-mouth kraft paper bags (with moisture-barrier polyethylene inner film layer), palletized and shrink-wrapped on ISPM-15 wooden pallets
- 300 kg to 600 kg net Flexible Intermediate Bulk Containers (FIBC / big bags) for high-volume automated paint plants
Transport Classification: Sylowhite SM 405 is non-flammable, non-combustible, and non-corrosive, and is NOT regulated as Dangerous Goods for road (ADR/RID), sea (IMDG), or air (IATA) transport (UN Number: Not Regulated; Hazard Class: None; Packing Group: None; Marine Pollutant: No; Customs HS Code: 2839.90 / 2842.10).

WHAT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED WHEN PURCHASING SYLOWHITE SM 405?

When sourcing Sylowhite SM 405 Titanium Dioxide Extender from Ataman Kimya for architectural paints, industrial coatings, printing inks, or paper applications, procurement and R&D teams should specify six key technical parameters in their Request for Quotation (RFQ):
Target Coating or Ink System and PVC Level: Specify whether Sylowhite SM 405 will be formulated into waterborne interior matte/satin wall paints, waterborne exterior facade paints, solvent-borne alkyd enamels/undercoats, industrial primers, or flexographic/gravure/offset printing inks, along with the current Titanium Dioxide percentage and total PVC of your formula.
Target Titanium Dioxide Replacement Percentage (15% to 30% w/w): Indicate your target TiO2 substitution level (typically 15%–20% w/w in premium exterior/satin paints and inks, and 20%–30% w/w in interior matte emulsions) so our technical team can provide matching starting-point formulation guidelines.
 Particle Size & Hegman Grind Requirement (< 6.0 Microns): Confirm that the < 6.0-micron average particle size (Hegman 5.5–6.5) of Sylowhite SM 405 matches your dry-film sheen and film thickness (or inquire if an ultra-fine < 2-micron grade is required for thin-film high-gloss topcoats).

Optical Brightness, Oil Absorption, and pH Specifications: Verify required ISO R457 Brightness (>= 96%–98%), Oil Absorption range (110–160 g/100 g), aqueous pH (9.5–11.2), and 100% amorphous crystalline-silica-free certification.
Regulatory & Ecolabel Compliance Needs: Specify if EU REACH, Zero-VOC / EU Ecolabel, Blue Angel, Toy Safety EN 71-3, or indirect food-contact (FDA 21 CFR 175.300 / 176.170) declarations are required for your finished coating or packaging ink.
Packaging Format, Pallet Volume, and Documentation: Specify multi-wall paper bags or FIBC big bags, spot pallet quantity, annual forecast, and required TDS, 16-section GHS SDS, and batch COA documents.

SYLOWHITE SM 405 SUPPLY FROM ATAMAN KİMYA

Sylowhite SM 405—precipitated synthetic amorphous sodium aluminum magnesium silicate Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) extender and optical spacer identified under CAS No. 1344-00-9 and EC No. 215-684-8—is supplied by Ataman Kimya for high-quality waterborne and solvent-borne interior/exterior architectural trade and DIY paints, industrial coatings and primers, flexographic/gravure/offset printing inks, paper coatings, and polymer compounds.
Companies planning to source Sylowhite SM 405 (or complementary TiO2 pigments, functional extenders, synthetic amorphous silicas, dispersants, and rheology modifiers) from Ataman Kimya can share their target coating or ink formulation parameters to confirm grade suitability, stock availability in Turkey, packaging options, and commercial quotation details.
Sharing the following information in a quotation request facilitates rapid technical matching by the Ataman Kimya team:
- Target application sector (waterborne interior/exterior architectural paint, solvent-borne alkyd enamel/primer, industrial coating, printing ink, paper coating, or plastic masterbatch)
- Current Titanium Dioxide dosage (% w/w) and target TiO2 replacement level (e.g., 15%, 20%, or 25%–30% w/w)
- Required particle size / Hegman fineness, ISO brightness, oil absorption, and crystalline-silica-free certification requirements
- Estimated order quantity (spot pallet shipment and annual consumption forecast) and preferred packaging (multi-wall bags or FIBC big bags)
- Delivery destination, preferred Incoterms, and required technical documentation (TDS, SDS, COA, and regulatory compliance declarations)

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT SYLOWHITE SM 405

 What is Sylowhite SM 405 and what is its chemical composition?
Sylowhite SM 405 (CAS 1344-00-9, EC 215-684-8) is a high-purity, fine-particle-size (< 6.0 microns) precipitated synthetic amorphous sodium aluminum magnesium silicate (sodium aluminosilicate) supplied as an odorless, bright-white free-flowing powder. Originally developed by W. R. Grace, it is engineered specifically as a functional Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) extender and optical spacer for architectural paints, industrial coatings, and printing inks.

 How much Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) can be replaced by Sylowhite SM 405 without losing opacity?
In optimized waterborne and solvent-borne interior and exterior architectural paints, industrial primers, and printing inks, Sylowhite SM 405 routinely replaces 15% to 20% by weight of the Titanium Dioxide (and up to 25% to 30% w/w in medium-to-high PVC interior matte emulsions) while maintaining or even improving dry-film hiding power (Contrast Ratio) and optical whiteness.

 How can Sylowhite SM 405 (refractive index 1.46) maintain hiding power when replacing high-refractive-index TiO2 (refractive index 2.73)?
Sylowhite SM 405 maintains and boosts opacity through two physical mechanisms: (a) Steric Pigment Spacing—its < 6.0-micron mesoporous aggregates (built from 20–40 nm primary nanospheres) position themselves directly between 0.25-micron TiO2 crystals, preventing TiO2 crowding ('optical flocculation') so every remaining TiO2 particle scatters light at 100% efficiency; and (b) Internal Micro-Void Dry Hiding—its mesopores trap microscopic air voids (refractive index 1.00) inside the dry coating film, increasing the refractive index differential and multiplying diffuse light scattering.

 How does Sylowhite SM 405 improve whiteness and reduce yellowing of paints on aging?
Because Rutile TiO2 absorbs slightly in the near-UV/violet spectrum (< 415 nm), pure TiO2 films have a faint warm undertone, and organic alkyd or acrylic binders oxidize into yellow chromophores over time. Sylowhite SM 405 is synthetically precipitated with ultra-low iron (<= 0.03%–0.05% Fe2O3) and exhibits an ISO R457 brightness >= 96% to 98% with high reflectance across the blue-violet spectrum—producing a cleaner, cooler white (lower CIE b-value) and significantly reducing paint yellowing on dark or UV aging.

 How does Sylowhite SM 405 reduce the specific gravity of paint and lower thickener costs?
Rutile TiO2 has a high true density of ~4.10 g/cm3, whereas Sylowhite SM 405 has a true density of only ~2.05 g/cm3 (50% lighter!). Replacing 20% of the TiO2 with Sylowhite SM 405 lowers the wet specific gravity of the paint (increasing the volume of paint produced per ton of raw materials). Simultaneously, its mesoporous surface (oil absorption ~110–160 g/100 g) builds smooth thixotropic low-shear viscosity that prevents pigment settling and allows formulators to reduce expensive cellulosic (HEC) or associative thickeners by 10% to 25%.

 Is Sylowhite SM 405 free of Crystalline Silica (Quartz and Cristobalite)?
Yes. Unlike natural mined silicate fillers or flux-calcined diatomaceous earth (which contain respirable crystalline quartz or cristobalite classified as Carcinogen Category 1A / STOT RE 1), Sylowhite SM 405 is 100% synthetic amorphous sodium aluminum magnesium silicate (0.0% crystalline silica by X-ray diffraction) and is non-hazardous under EU CLP and UN GHS regulations.

 At what stage of paint or ink manufacturing should Sylowhite SM 405 be added, and does it require bead milling?
Sylowhite SM 405 should always be added directly into the millbase grind stage right alongside the Titanium Dioxide so the two powders wet out and co-disperse together. Because Sylowhite SM 405 is micronized to < 6.0 microns (Hegman fineness 5.5 to 6.5), it disperses effortlessly in 15 to 20 minutes under a standard high-speed cowles sawtooth dissolver without requiring bead milling in architectural paints.

 How does Sylowhite SM 405 affect the pH, wash/scrub resistance, and exterior weatherability of paints?
Sylowhite SM 405 has a natural alkaline pH of 9.5 to 11.0 in water, which buffers waterborne emulsion paints at their ideal pH (8.5–9.2) and cuts volatile amine/ammonia neutralizer demand. In the cured film, its hard, insoluble aluminosilicate framework (Mohs hardness ~5) enhances DIN EN ISO 11998 wet-scrub and wash resistance indoors and resists acid rain while reducing dirt pick-up on exterior facades.

 Why is Sylowhite SM 405 superior to Calcined Kaolin Clay or Calcium Carbonate as a TiO2 extender?
Calcium carbonate (GCC) has zero internal nanoporosity, causes TiO2 crowding, and dissolves in acid rain outdoors; calcined kaolin clay has a higher density (2.63 g/cm3) and contains natural iron/titania impurities that impart a yellowish undertone. Sylowhite SM 405 combines ultra-high synthetic whiteness (ISO >= 97%), low density (2.05 g/cm3), high mesoporous spacing efficiency, and acid-rain durability.

 How can paint, coating, and ink manufacturers source Sylowhite SM 405 and request COA, TDS, and SDS documents from Ataman Kimya?
Customers can procure Sylowhite SM 405 Titanium Dioxide Extender (CAS 1344-00-9, EC 215-684-8) in moisture-protected multi-wall bags or FIBC big bags—complete with batch-specific Certificates of Analysis (COA), Technical Data Sheets (TDS), and GHS/CLP Safety Data Sheets (SDS)—directly from Ataman Kimya by calling +90 216 577 10 10 or emailing info@atamankimya.com.

SYLOWHITE SM 405 – TECHNICAL SUMMARY

Sylowhite SM 405—known in Turkish industrial commerce as Sylowhite SM 405 Titanyum Dioksit Genişletici, Çöktürülmüş Amorf Sodyum Alüminyum Magnezyum Silikat, or Sodyum Alüminosilikat TiO2 Uzatıcı, and identified globally under CAS No. 1344-00-9 and EC / EINECS No. 215-684-8—is a high-purity, fine-particle-size (< 6.0 microns), crystalline-silica-free precipitated synthetic amorphous sodium aluminum magnesium silicate functional extender engineered for the partial replacement and optical spacing of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2). Synthesized via controlled hydrothermal co-precipitation into mesoporous three-dimensional aggregates (built from 20 to 40 nm primary nanospheres, oil absorption 110 to 160 g/100 g, BET surface area 50 to 110 m2/g, true skeletal density ~2.05 g/cm3, ISO R457 brightness >= 96% to 98%, and aqueous pH 9.5 to 11.2), Sylowhite SM 405 intercalates directly between 0.25-micron TiO2 crystals to eliminate optical crowding while encapsulating air nano-voids (nD = 1.00) that multiply dry-film light scattering.

Supplied as a bright-white, odorless, free-flowing micronized powder (Hegman fineness 5.5 to 6.5, 325-mesh residue <= 0.05%), Sylowhite SM 405 replaces 15% to 25% by weight (and up to 30% w/w in high-PVC emulsions) of prime Titanium Dioxide across waterborne and solvent-borne interior/exterior architectural trade and DIY paints, alkyd trim enamels and undercoats, industrial primers, flexographic/gravure/offset printing inks, and paper coatings. In addition to delivering substantial formulation cost savings, lowering wet paint specific gravity, and reducing cellulosic/associative thickener demand by 10% to 25%, Sylowhite SM 405 improves dry-film contrast ratio (opacity), enhances blue-white brightness, suppresses yellowing on aging, prevents in-can pigment settling, and boosts wet-scrub and exterior weathering resistance.
For technical grade verification, TiO2 replacement formulation guidance, current warehouse stock availability, Technical Data Sheet (TDS), Safety Data Sheet (SDS), and batch Certificate of Analysis (COA) documentation, or to request a commercial quotation for Sylowhite SM 405 tailored to your paint, coating, or printing ink production requirements, you can contact Ataman Kimya directly through the communication channels below. Our technical sales team will gladly assist you in optimizing your Titanium Dioxide extender strategy.

Ataman Chemicals
Phone: +90 216 577 10 10
Email: info@atamankimya.com