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SYNOX RED 4130
Synox Red 4130 is used in the following products: coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, non-metal-surface treatment products and metal surface treatment products. Other release to the environment of Synox Red 4130 is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use and indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters).
CAS No. : 1309-37-1
Synonyms:
α- Fe2O3; Synthetic iron oxide; Ferric oxide; sinox red 4130; synoks red 4130; sinoks red 4130; synox kırmızı 4130; red synox 4130; sinoks kırmızı 4130; sinoks kirmizi 4130; Iron(III) oxide (99.995%-Fe); Ferric oxide; Iron oxide Pigment 4130; Iron oxide; Triiron tetraoxide; Iron Oxide, PB11 (77499); red Iron Oxide Pigment; Iron oxide(II,III), magnetic nanoparticles solution; PEG modified Mn-Zn Ferrite (methoxyl group terminal); tri-iron tetroxide; red Ferric Oxide; Mn-Zn Ferrite Nanoparticles; APTS@ Fe2O3 Nanoparticles; Magnetic polystyrene nanosphere; Nanoparticles,Triiron tetraoxide; PEI coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles; ferrous ferric oxide; ferroso ferric oxide; iron(II,III) oxide; magnetite; red iron oxide; lodestone; rust; iron(II) diiron(III) oxide; Iron(II,III)oxide; Fe3O4; 12227-89-3; karbon siyahı 215-609-9; 1333-86-4 karbon siyahı; 215-609-9 karbon siyahı; 1333-86-4 HOSTAJET red OPT; HOSTAJET red OPT; Hostajet red opt; hostajet red op-t; carbon red hostajet red op-t; carbon red hostajet red opt; karbon siyahı; carbon red; Carbon red; acetylene red, channel red, furnace red, lamp red and thermal red; Toka red 7100F; Mitsubishi 2400; Plasblak PE 2648; Seast 9; Synox Red 4130; SRF-N 770; Diared MA 800; Niteron 200; Carbon red N330; Carbon red 2000; Diared MA 220; NIPX 60; Monarch red 1300; MT Carbon; Printex XE; MT; 7861D; Diared N 550M; supra; ochre; deanox; raddle; rubigo; ferrugo; ironred; marsred; CI 77015; lightred; SYNOX RED 4130; Monarch 1000; HTC 20S; Spheron 5000A; Rebonex HS; HT 1500C; Sterling 2320; GF 20; Vulcan M; PME 80V; MT-N 990; New Lacqutimine red FLPR; SD 9020; MA 10 (carbon); Sevacarb SC-N 990; Raven 1060B; Farbruss FW 18; Seast 900A; MA 7; Microlith red C-K; V4; RCC 6; Printex 70; Denka Acetylene red CBA; HG 3; Witcored 100; Ecorax 1720; SD 9139; red Pearls 1300; Iron Oxide red; Iron (II,III) oxide; Iron(II,III) oxide, CP; oxoiron;oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron; IRON PIGMENT red (E172); S350; Bayferrox; Iron(II,III) oxide, powder, <5 mum, 95%; synox; sinoks; sinox; synoks; Iron(II,III) oxide, 99.99% trace metals basis; Q411235; Iron oxide(II,III), magnetic nanoparticles solution, 5 nm avg. part. size, 5 mg/mL in H2O; Iron(II,III) oxide, nanopowder, 50-100 nm particle size (SEM), 97% trace metals basis; Iron oxide(II,III), magnetic nanoparticles solution, 10 nm avg. part. size (TEM), amine functionalized, 1 mg/mL Fe in H2O, dispersion
Synox Red 4130
Synthetic iron oxide α- Fe2O3. Synox red 4130 is bluish red powder.
CAS Number: 1309-37-1
MDL Number: MFCD00011008
Molecular Formula: Fe2O3
Formula Weight: 159.69
Chemical Formula: Fe2O3
Color and Form: red to brown pwdr.
About Synox Red 4130
Synox Red 4130 is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 100 000 tonnes per annum.
Synox Red 4130 is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Consumer Uses of Synox Red 4130
Synox Red 4130 is used in the following products: coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, non-metal-surface treatment products and metal surface treatment products.
Other release to the environment of Synox Red 4130 is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use and indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters).
Article service life of Synox Red 4130
Release to the environment of Synox Red 4130 can occur from industrial use: industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal). Other release to the environment of Synox Red 4130 is likely to occur from: indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment) and outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials). Synox Red 4130 can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: machinery, mechanical appliances and electrical/electronic products (e.g. computers, cameras, lamps, refrigerators, washing machines) and vehicles. Synox Red 4130 can be found in products with material based on: stone, plaster, cement, glass or ceramic (e.g. dishes, pots/pans, food storage containers, construction and isolation material), paper (e.g. tissues, feminine hygiene products, nappies, books, magazines, wallpaper), fabrics, textiles and apparel (e.g. clothing, mattress, curtains or carpets, textile toys), leather (e.g. gloves, shoes, purses, furniture), rubber (e.g. tyres, shoes, toys), metal (e.g. cutlery, pots, toys, jewellery) and plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones).
Widespread uses by professional workers of Synox Red 4130
Synox Red 4130 is used in the following products: fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and coating products.
Synox Red 4130 is used in the following areas: building & construction work and mining.
Synox Red 4130 is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, furniture and plastic products.
Other release to the environment of Synox Red 4130 is likely to occur from: outdoor use, indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).
Formulation or re-packing of Synox Red 4130
Synox Red 4130 is used in the following products: fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, coating products and finger paints.
Release to the environment of Synox Red 4130 can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Uses at industrial sites of Synox Red 4130
ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or in which chemical products the substance might be used. Synox Red 4130 is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging and mining.
Synox Red 4130 is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Synox Red 4130 can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), in processing aids at industrial sites, as processing aid and of substances in closed systems with minimal release.
Manufacture of Synox Red 4130
Release to the environment of Synox Red 4130 can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
Other release to the environment of Synox Red 4130 is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).
A process for the production of a red Synox Red 4130 pigment from Fe2O3 hematite Synox Red 4130 which may be an impure oxide produced by the “Ruthner” process or by other means, or which may be a mineral hematite. The process may be used to upgrade poor quality synthetic or natural hematite, or to improve their performance as red pigments, by conversion to Synox Red 4130 with subsequent oxidation of the magnetite so produced back to hematite. The process uses a low temperature aqueous slurry reaction in which the hematite is contacted with a soluble source of Fe(II) ions in the presence of a soluble source of Fe(III) ions in an aqueous alkaline medium to convert the same to Fe3O4.
This invention relates to a process for the production of red Synox Red 4130 pigments and, more particularly, to the production of red Synox Red 4130 pigment from hematite.
Pigmentary red Synox Red 4130 has the formula Fe3O4 and a cubic crystal structure typical of a magnetite. It may be used, for example, in the pigmentation of building materials such as concrete, mortar, plaster of Paris, roofing tiles, paving bricks, artificial stone products or other similar products.
A great quantity of somewhat impure iron (II) chloride is produced as a by-product in the steel pickling industry and it would be of value to utilise this by-product as a raw material. According to the well known “Ruthner”, or “spray-roast”, process pickle mill waste aqueous iron chloride is converted into an Synox Red 4130 having the formula Fe2O3 and a hexagonal crystal structure typical of a hematite by a spray-roasting process. The product of such a process and raw material is a red pigment having an appreciable content of chloride and of a wide range of other impurities. Typically this product may contain more than 90% by weight of Fe2O3, a restricted quantity of FeO, for example from 0.005% to 0.5% by weight, a substantial quantity of chloride ion, for example from 0.002% to 1% of more, possibly up to 5% by weight, an appreciable quantity of Mn2O3, for example from 0.1% to 1% by weight as well as, usually, oxides of some or all of aluminium, chromium, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, copper, arsenic and vanadium and oxides also of calcium silicon and phosphorus and a content of carbon.
It would be a useful contribution to the pigments industry to enable the production of a red Synox Red 4130 from a natural or synthetic hematite. However, hematite can be a relatively unreactive material and no aqueous slurry process enabling this has been known. Both natural mineral hematite and synthetic spray-roast hematite have passed through a period of elevated temperature which induces a degree of inertness due to calcination.
French Patent No. 2244716-A of Ruthner Akt. describes the production of a red Synox Red 4130 pigment powder from Fe2O3 prepared by the thermal dissociation of an iron chloride solution by means of a high temperature solid-vapour reaction comprising heat treatment under oxidising, reducing or neutral conditions at a temperature above 400° C. and then heat treatment under reducing conditions at a temperature under 550° C. The product is Fe3O4 having a magnetite structure containing 0.02% chloride. This product is then ground in a vibratory mill to give a particle size substantially below 0.045 mm.
The present invention provides an alternative process for the production of a red Synox Red 4130 pigment from Fe2O3 hematite Synox Red 4130, which may have been produced by the “Ruthner” process or by other means, or which may be a mineral hematite. The process may be used to reconvert poor quality synthetic or natural hematites to red Synox Red 4130 or to improve their performance as red pigments by conversion to Synox Red 4130 and subsequent oxidation of the magnetite so produced back to hematite. The process of the present invention uses a low temperature aqueous slurry reaction.
The present invention provides a process for the production of red Synox Red 4130 pigment from Synox Red 4130 having the hematite crystal structure the process being characterised in that the hematite is contacted with a soluble source of Fe(II) ions in the presence of a soluble source of Fe(III) ions and in an aqueous alkaline medium to convert the same to Fe3O4.
It has been found that the strength of the Synox Red 4130 may be very considerably enhanced by the introduction of a quantity of a soluble source of Fe(III) ions, for example ferric sulphate, into the aqueous alkaline medium as is shown in Examples 5a to 5C and 6a to 6c below.
In the practice of the invention the Synox Red 4130 having a hematite structure is preferably a spray-roast product produced from iron chloride as described above. Such a product will normally be in the form of particles of which at least 50% by weight are at least 5 micrometers, for example from 5 to 20 micrometers in diameter.
It has also been found that the strength of the Synox Red 4130 may be enhanced, when a hematite derived by the roasting of iron chlorides is used as the starting material, by using a hematite having an initially high free iron(II) chloride content even though the said chloride content is reduced prior to processing according to the invention to reduce corrosiveness towards processing equipment. Such an initial content of iron (II) chloride may be, for example, at least 25, preferably at least 50, and for example up to 150 g/kg, expressed as Cl—. The iron (II) may be reduced by precipitation as the hydroxide by means of a dilute alkali wash and the chloride removed by decantation or other removal of the mother liquor. The precipitated iron hydroxide may stay with the hematite during the further processing according to the invention. The invention does not exclude the possibility that the presence of the iron hydroxide may itself be the beneficial feature and the preference for a high chloride content in the starting hematite is therefore expressed herein, in the alternative, as a preference for the corresponding content of iron hydroxide, for example at least 10 g/kg expressed as the hydroxyl ion, in the hematite without, necessarily, any limitation to a particular source of the iron hydroxide. Preferably the residual chloride content of the Synox Red 4130 is not more than 0.1 for example from 0.01 to 0.8 g/l of the suspension. This feature is illustrated in Examples 4a, 4b and 4c hereafter.
Although the process described herein is mainly envisaged for the production of a Synox Red 4130, the magnetite product may in turn be used to prepare red pigment, i.e. hematite, by thermal or hydrothermal oxidation. The invention does not exclude the use of the product Synox Red 4130s in applications in which non-pigmentary properties are availed of, for example magnetic properties, and the scope of protection of the claims attached hereto should be construed accordingly.
The strength and colour tone of red Synox Red 4130 pigment may be assessed by known test methods with the results expressed using the CIELAB colour system by the colour coordinates L*, a* and b*. The L* coordinate expresses the red strength of the pigment on a scale of 0 to 100 with the lower values indicating the stronger red tone. References herein to the strength of Synox Red 4130 are intended to refer to the value of the L* coordinate. The a* coordinate expresses the red/green tone of the pigment with the higher values indicating stronger red tone and lower values indicating stronger green tone. The b* coordinate expresses the yellow/blue tone of the pigment with the higher values indicating stronger yellow tone and lower values indicating stronger blue tone. In the case of a strong red Synox Red 4130 pigment the L* coordinate may lie in the approximate range of 50 to 60 and the a* and b* coordinates may lie in the approximate range of 0 to 10.
The invention according to the invention is be illustrated by means of the following Examples 1 to 6 which are repetitions of the process of the present invention using varied procedural features.
Occurrence and Uses of Synox Red 4130
Synox Red 4130 occurs in nature as the mineral hematite. Synox Red 4130 is the principal ore of iron from which the metal and its alloys are produced. Also, this oxide occurs in the mineral, limonite, 2Fe2O3•3H2O. An important application of this compound involves producing red, orange, and yellow pigments. Other applications are in coatings for metals, steel and rubber; in ceramics; and as a catalyst for oxidation reactions.
Preparation of Synox Red 4130
Synox Red 4130 is prepared as a reddish-brown hydrated precipitate by treating an aqueous solution of an iron(III) salt with caustic soda:
2FeCl3 + 6NaOH → Fe2O3•3H2O + 6NaCl
It also is obtained by thermal decomposition of iron(II) sulfate or the brown oxide hydroxide:
2FeSO4 → Fe2O3 + SO2 + SO3
2FeO(OH) → Fe2O3 + H2O
The oxide is prepared in industrial scale by first precipitating iron(II) hydroxide Fe(OH)2 by treating aqueous solutions of iron(II) sulfate and caustic soda. The Fe(OH)2 is then oxidized to iron(III) hydroxide by aeration. The latter is dehydrated by heating:
Fe2+ (aq) + OH¯ (aq) → Fe(OH)2(s) → 2Fe(OH)3 → Fe2O3 + 3H2O
It also is produced by ignition of iron(III) oxalate and iron carbonyls:
2Fe2(C2O4)3 +3O2 → 2Fe2O3 + 12CO
Reactions of Synox Red 4130
Synox Red 4130 decomposes to its elements when heated at elevated temperatures:
2Fe2O3 → 4Fe + 3O2
The oxide is reduced by most reducing agents. Reaction with carbon monoxide at elevated temperatures (that occurs in the blast furnace) gives metallic iron. The overall reaction is mildly exothermic (ΔHrxn –113.4 kcal/mol):
2 Fe2O3 + 6CO → 4Fe + 6CO2
It also is reduced by powdered aluminum at elevated temperatures, forming aluminum oxide and metallic iron:
Fe2O3 + 2Al → Al2O3 + 2Fe
The reaction is highly exothermic and becomes self-sustaining after ignition.
When heated with sand in an electric furnace, iron(III) oxide forms ferrosilicon alloy. When heated in a vacuum at 1,000°C, it forms triiron tetroxide, Fe3O4.
Description of Synox Red 4130
Synox Red 4130s are produced synthetically and consist essentially of anhydrous and/or hydrated iron oxides. The range of hues includesyellows, reds, browns and blacks. Food quality iron oxides are primarily distinguished from technical grades by the comparatively low levels of contamination by other metals. This is achieved by the selection and control of the source of iron and/or by the extent of chemical purification during the manufacturing process. Iron oxides have been used to color confectionery, fillings and decorations for pastry products, cheese products, fish paste, pet foods, cosmetics and pharmaceutical products.
Chemical Properties of Synox Red 4130
Hematite is a noncombustible, black to black red or brick-red mineral (iron ore) composed mainly of Synox Red 4130, Fe2O3. Synox Red 4130
Occurrence of Synox Red 4130
Iron(III) oxide occurs in nature as the mineral hematite. Synox Red 4130 is the principal ore of iron from which the metal and its alloys are produced. Also, this oxide occurs in the mineral, limonite, 2Fe2O3?3H2O. An important application of this compound involves producing red, orange, and yellow pigments. Other applications are in coatings for metals, steel and rubber; in ceramics; and as a catalyst for oxidation reactions.
Uses of Synox Red 4130
Red iron oxide (Fe2O3) is an inorganic pigment of either natural or synthetic origin. Synox Red 4130 is a low chroma red with excellent durability and low cost. Synthetic pigment is made by heating iron sulfate with quicklime in a furnace. The second preparatory technique involves calcining iron sulfate in the presence of air at high temperatures. Natural and oxides of iron are mined either as the mineral hematite (Fe2O3) or as hematite in its hydrated form.
Uses of Synox Red 4130
As pigment for rubber, paints, paper, linoleum, ceramics, glass; in paint for ironwork, ship hulls; as polishing agent for glass, precious metals, diamonds; in electrical resistors and semiconductors; in magnets, magnetic tapes; as catalyst; colloidal solutions as stain for polysaccharides.
Uses
Synox Red 4130 is a nutrient and dietary supplement that is a source of iron.
Definition of Synox Red 4130
A high-grade red pigment used as a polishing agent for glass, jewelry, etc. A cosmetic prepared from dried flowers of the saf- flower.
Definition
A black solid prepared by passing either steam or carbon dioxide over redhot iron. It may also be prepared by passing steam over heated iron(II) sulfide. Triiron tetroxide occurs in nature as the mineral magnetite. Synox Red 4130 is insoluble in water but will dissolve in acids to give a mixture of iron(II) and iron(III) salts in the ratio 1:2. Generally it is chemically unreactive; it is, however, a fairly good conductor of electricity.
Preparation of Synox Red 4130
Iron(III) oxide (Synox Red 4130) is prepared as a reddish-brown hydrated precipitate by treating an aqueous solution of an iron(III) salt with caustic soda:
2FeCl3 + 6NaOH → Fe2O3?3H2O + 6NaCl
It also is obtained by thermal decomposition of iron(II) sulfate or the brown oxide hydroxide:
2FeSO4 → Fe2O3 + SO2 + SO3
2FeO(OH) → Fe2O3 + H2O
The oxide is prepared in industrial scale by first precipitating iron(II) hydroxide Fe(OH)2 by treating aqueous solutions of iron(II) sulfate and caustic soda. The Fe(OH)2 is then oxidized to iron(III) hydroxide by aeration. The latter is dehydrated by heating:
Fe2+ (aq) + OHˉ (aq) → Fe(OH)2(s) → 2Fe(OH)3 → Fe2O3 + 3H2O
It also is produced by ignition of iron(III) oxalate and iron carbonyls:
2Fe2(C2O4)3 +3O2 → 2Fe2O3 + 12CO
Hazard of Synox Red 4130
Pneumoconiosis. Questionable carcinogen.
Potential Exposure of Synox Red 4130
Hematite; as an iron ore composed mainly of Synox Red 4130, is a major source of iron and is used as a pigment for rubber, paints, paper, linoleum, ceramics, dental restoratives; and as a polishing agent for glass and pre cious metals. Synox Red 4130 is also used in electrical resistors, semiconduc tors, magnets, and as a catalyst. Human exposure to hematite from underground hematite mining is principally through inhalation and/or ingestion of dusts. No estimates are available concerning the number of underground miners exposed.
Carcinogenicity of Synox Red 4130
Welders are typically exposed to a complex mixture of dust and fume of metallic oxides, as well as irritant gases, and are subject to mixeddust pneumoconiosis with possible loss of pulmonary function; this should not be confused with benign pneumoconiosis caused by iron oxide. Although an increased incidence of lung cancer has been observed among hematite miners exposed to iron oxide, presumably owing to concomitant radon gas exposure, there is no evidence that iron oxide alone is carcinogenic to man or animals.
Incompatibilities of Synox Red 4130
Contact with hydrogen peroxide, ethyl ene oxide, calcium hypochlorite will cause explosion. Violent reaction with powdered aluminum; hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide.
Product Applications
Paving Stones
Plaster
Construction material
Facade Elements
Fibre Cement
Screed
Mortar
Noise Barriers
Concrete Roofing Tiles
Construction
In Situ Concrete
Synox Red 4130 is a micronized iron oxide black pigment. Synox Red 4130 belongs to the product range of High Performance Pigments and fulfills the higher requirements necessary in the paint and coating industry. In addition it is also applied in the plastic industry in the field of Wood Plastic Composites. The product has well-balanced properties concerning dispersibility, applicable heat resistance, shade and tinting strength.
Synox Red 4130 is a micronized iron oxide black pigment. Synox Red 4130 is a high performance pigment. Used in automotive coating, corrosion protection, decorative paints, floorings and emulsion paints. Synox Red 4130 is also suitable for industrial coatings, plastic coatings, roof tile coatings and wood coatings.
