TAMOL PP

Tamol PP is a water-soluble polymeric anionic dispersing agent and emulsifier based on phenolsulfonic acid-formaldehyde-phenol-urea condensation chemistry in sodium salt form.
Tamol PP is used primarily in technical formulations where finely divided solids, pigments, dyes, active ingredients or other poorly dispersible components must be distributed uniformly in an aqueous medium.
Tamol PP combines an aromatic polymer structure with strongly hydrophilic sulfonate groups, giving Tamol PP the ability to interact with particle surfaces while maintaining compatibility with water.

CAS Number: 102980-04-1
Molecular Formula: (C6H6O4S.C6H6O.CH4N2O.CH2O)x.xNa
Molecular Weight: Not defined
EINECS Number: 600-378-2

Synonyms: Benzenesulfonic acid, hydroxy-, polymer with formaldehyde, phenol and urea, sodium salt, Phenolsulfonic acid formaldehyde phenol urea polymer sodium salt, Phenolsulfonic acid-phenol-formaldehyde-urea condensate sodium salt, Phenol sulfonic acid condensate sodium salt, Sodium phenolsulfonate formaldehyde condensate, Sodium salt of phenol sulfonic acid condensation product, Phenolsulphonic acid-formaldehyde-phenol-urea polymer sodium salt, Phenolsulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate sodium salt, Phenol sulfonic acid polymer sodium salt, Tamol PP, TAMOL PP.

Tamol PP is not a discrete low-molecular-weight compound but a polymeric condensation product.
Tamol PP does not have one meaningful molecular weight comparable with conventional organic molecules.
Tamol PP is produced from phenolsulfonic acid, formaldehyde, phenol and urea chemistry and is supplied in the form of its sodium salt.

Tamol PP is particularly important to the behavior of Tamol PP in water.
Tamol PP is supplied as a hygroscopic powder with approximately 95% dry content.
Its main technical function is to improve dispersion and formulation homogeneity by reducing the tendency of suspended particles to associate with each other.

Tamol PP is particularly relevant to formulations containing high levels of insoluble solids because particle-particle interactions become increasingly important as solids concentration rises.
By adsorbing onto particle surfaces and providing an anionic interface toward the surrounding aqueous phase, Tamol PP can help maintain separation between individual particles.
Tamol PP useful in industrial dispersions where uncontrolled aggregation could cause sedimentation, viscosity increase, poor redispersion or non-uniform distribution of the active component.

Tamol PP also has emulsifying functionality and can contribute to stabilization in technical formulations containing components with different affinities toward water.
Its performance is therefore useful in formulations where both particulate dispersion and overall mixture homogeneity must be controlled.
Sulfonate groups possess strong hydrophilic character and remain ionized over a broad range of practical aqueous conditions.

When the polymer adsorbs onto a suspended solid, these ionic groups remain oriented toward the aqueous phase.
The resulting negatively charged interface contributes to repulsive interactions between neighboring particles.
This mechanism can reduce flocculation and help stabilize fine particles after they have been dispersed.

The aromatic portions of the polymer provide an additional interaction mechanism with hydrophobic or aromatic surfaces.
This combination of aromatic affinity and ionic water compatibility explains why phenolsulfonate condensates are effective dispersants for pigments, dyes, pesticide particles and other water-insoluble solids.
Tamol PP can therefore function at the boundary between the solid phase and the surrounding liquid rather than simply dissolving in the continuous phase without interacting with the particles.

The distinction between wetting and dispersion is particularly important when Tamol PP is used in technical formulations.
Wetting describes the replacement of air at a solid surface by liquid.
Dispersion describes the subsequent separation and stabilization of those wetted particles within the liquid phase.

Tamol PP is particularly important during the dispersion stage.
Depending on the formulation, it may therefore be combined with separate wetting agents that provide faster initial penetration of water into hydrophobic powders.
Once the particles are wetted, Tamol PP can help prevent them from associating again.

Tamol PP is particularly valuable during milling.
Particle-size reduction creates a continuously increasing amount of fresh surface area.
As particles become smaller, the total interfacial area requiring stabilization increases substantially.

If insufficient dispersant is available, newly generated particles can rapidly agglomerate.
Tamol PP can increase viscosity and limit the effectiveness of further grinding.
Tamol PP can adsorb onto these newly created surfaces and help maintain the particle-size distribution obtained during milling.

Tamol PP is therefore relevant to wet milling, high-shear dispersion and other industrial processes involving finely divided solids.
The polymeric character of Tamol PP is also important.
Polymeric dispersants can establish multiple points of interaction with particle surfaces and can provide substantial surface coverage.

This differs from the behavior of simple low-molecular-weight salts or surfactants whose interaction with the solid surface may be more limited.
Tamol PP is anionic.
Its performance can therefore be affected by ionic strength and the presence of dissolved multivalent ions.

Calcium, magnesium and other ions present in process water may modify interactions between the dispersant and the particle surface.
For formulations intended to be diluted in water, performance should consequently be assessed not only in deionized laboratory water but also under the hardness conditions expected during practical use.
Electrolytes introduced by other formulation ingredients can have a similar influence.

Buffers, inorganic salts, ionic active ingredients and other charged formulation components may alter the environment around the polymer.
The complete formulation should therefore be evaluated rather than assuming that dispersion performance is determined exclusively by the amount of Tamol PP.
Tamol PP can also influence formulation viscosity.

In a poorly dispersed suspension, particles can associate into larger networks capable of immobilizing part of the continuous liquid phase.
Tamol PP frequently causes an increase in apparent viscosity.
Improved particle separation can reduce this type of flocculated structure and produce a more manageable suspension.

The effect is particularly important in concentrated formulations where the distance between neighboring particles is small.
Tamol PP can therefore assist formulators working with high solids levels, although the optimum dosage depends on the specific system.
Excessive addition is not automatically beneficial.

Once adequate particle-surface coverage has been achieved, further dispersant may provide limited improvement and can change other properties of the formulation.
Dosage should consequently be determined by experimental formulation work.
Tamol PP is hygroscopic.

Moisture control during storage is therefore important because exposure to humid air can change the physical behavior of the powder.
Moisture uptake can lead to caking, reduced powder flow and difficulties during weighing or dosing.

Packaging should therefore remain tightly closed when the product is not being used.
The approximately 95% dry content allows Tamol PP to be incorporated efficiently into formulations in which introduction of unnecessary water is undesirable.
Tamol PP is particularly useful for powder products, granules and concentrated industrial formulations.

Physical Form: Powder
Appearance: Off-white to brownish powder
Ionic Character: Anionic
Dry Content: approximately 95%
Water Solubility: Soluble in water
Solubility of 10% Aqueous Solution: Clear
pH: 6.5–7.5 for a 10% aqueous solution
Water Content: maximum 5%
Hygroscopicity: Hygroscopic

Tamol PP facilitates incorporation into both dry formulations and aqueous process streams.
Tamol PP can be blended with active ingredients, pigments, carriers or fillers before subsequent contact with water.
In aqueous processing, the product can first be dissolved and then incorporated into the dispersion process.

The ability to form a clear aqueous solution is useful when consistent distribution of the dispersant throughout the processing medium is required.
The pH range of approximately 6.5–7.5 in a 10% aqueous solution places Tamol PP close to neutral conditions.
Tamol PP can be advantageous in formulations containing components that are sensitive to strongly acidic or alkaline environments.

The actual pH of the finished formulation will nevertheless depend on all ingredients present.
Tamol PP should therefore not be considered the sole determinant of formulation pH.
The relatively low water-content specification is important for dry blending and storage.

Maintaining controlled moisture content contributes to predictable dosing and helps preserve the powder condition of the material.
Because Tamol PP is hygroscopic, storage conditions have a direct effect on handling performance.
Tamol PP should consequently be protected from atmospheric moisture after opening.

The chemical identity of Tamol PP should also be distinguished from other products in the Tamol family.
Different Tamol grades can be based on different polymer chemistries, including naphthalene sulfonate condensates and polycarboxylate dispersants.
The trade name alone should therefore not be used to infer chemical equivalence between different grades.

Tamol PP specifically refers to the phenolsulfonic acid-formaldehyde-phenol-urea polymer sodium salt chemistry associated with CAS Number 102980-04-1.
This distinction is particularly important for technical purchasing, SDS comparison and formulation substitution.
Tamol PP with another Tamol grade solely because both products are described as dispersants may change formulation behavior.

Tamol PP, charge density, molecular distribution, active content and interaction with the dispersed phase can all influence performance.
Comparative testing should therefore be performed whenever an alternative dispersant is being considered.

Uses:
Tamol PP is primarily used as a dispersing agent and emulsifier in technical formulations where homogeneous distribution of insoluble or poorly compatible components is required.
One of the established application areas for Tamol PP is agrochemical formulation.
Phenolsulfonate condensation products such as Tamol PP are used as anionic dispersants in crop-protection products containing finely divided pesticide active ingredients.

Water-dispersible granules represent an important agricultural application.
Tamol PP, the dry granules must remain sufficiently strong during production, packaging and transportation while also disintegrating efficiently after addition to water.
Once the granule has broken apart, the active ingredient and carrier particles must disperse throughout the spray water rather than remaining as large aggregates.

Tamol PP can contribute to this process by helping stabilize the released particles in the aqueous phase.
Tamol PP role is particularly relevant after the initial wetting and disintegration stages.
A granule may break apart rapidly but still perform poorly if the resulting fine particles immediately reagglomerate.

The dispersing action of Tamol PP helps address this problem.
Tamol PP has been used in water-dispersible pesticide granules containing sulfur together with different pesticide active ingredients.
Published formulation examples include systems containing sulfur with buprofezin, diafenthiuron, fipronil, bifenazate, trifloxystrobin, chlorothalonil and difenoconazole.

Tamol PP is used as part of the dispersant and carrier package rather than as a pesticidal active ingredient.
Its function is physical formulation support.
Tamol PP helps distribute finely divided solids during mill-base preparation and contributes to the subsequent performance of the spray-dried granule after dilution in water.

Wet milling is another important application within agrochemical production.
During preparation of a mill base, solid pesticide active ingredients are dispersed in water and subjected to high-shear mixing or bead milling until the required particle size is obtained.
Tamol PP can be included in this process to reduce particle association and support efficient particle-size reduction.

Tamol PP is particularly important for formulations containing sulfur because sulfur is poorly soluble in water and must remain as a fine particulate dispersion.
Combination formulations containing sulfur and another insoluble active ingredient present an additional challenge because particles with different surface chemistry and density must be stabilized within the same system.
Tamol PP can be used together with other dispersants and lignosulfonates to produce a balanced formulation package.

Published agricultural formulations demonstrate its use alongside sodium naphthalene sulfonate condensates and sodium lignosulfonates.
The presence of several dispersant types in the same formulation reflects the fact that different polymers can contribute complementary properties.
Tamol PP can therefore be considered as part of a complete dispersant system rather than necessarily functioning as the only surface-active ingredient.

Solid herbicide formulations represent another documented application.
Tamol PP has been used as sodium phenolsulfonate in water-dispersible granules containing salts of herbicidal active ingredients.
In this type of system, the dispersant assists granule disintegration and subsequent distribution of the formulation in application water.

Wettable powders can also benefit from Tamol PP.
A wettable powder consists of an active ingredient combined with carriers and formulation auxiliaries in a dry powder that is intended to form a suspension when mixed with water.
The powder must first wet, after which the resulting solid particles must remain sufficiently dispersed.

Tamol PP can contribute to the second function by reducing particle aggregation.
Tamol PP may be used together with a dedicated wetting agent when rapid penetration of water is required.
Suspension-type agrochemical formulations are another potential application.

In these systems, the active ingredient remains as solid particles throughout storage.
Long-term physical stability therefore depends on controlling interactions between the particles.
Tamol PP a suitable dispersant can help reduce flocculation and maintain acceptable viscosity and redispersibility.

Tamol PP may be evaluated for such formulations where its phenolsulfonate chemistry is compatible with the active ingredient and other formulation auxiliaries.
Crop-nutrition and fortification products can also use Tamol PP as a dispersing agent.
Formulations containing mineral nutrients or other finely divided solids require uniform distribution so that the composition delivered to the crop remains consistent.

Tamol PP has been specifically identified among commercially available dispersants used in such agricultural compositions.
Tamol PP is also relevant to the dye industry.
Water-insoluble or partially soluble dyes often require dispersants during processing to maintain an even distribution of the colorant.

Tamol PP can adsorb onto dye particles and improve their stability within aqueous systems.
This function is particularly important where uncontrolled agglomeration could cause uneven coloration, sedimentation or processing inconsistency.
Textile processing is therefore an additional industrial application for Tamol PP.

Dispersed colorants must remain evenly distributed during preparation and use.
A stable dispersion helps achieve more reproducible transfer of the dye and reduces the formation of oversized aggregates.
Tamol PP can be used where an anionic dispersant compatible with the selected dye system is required.

The suitability of Tamol PP for a particular textile application should be evaluated according to dye chemistry, electrolyte concentration, process temperature and the other auxiliaries present.
Pigment dispersions represent another application area.
Pigments are insoluble particulate colorants and must remain finely divided to develop consistent color strength and appearance.

Aggregation can produce loss of color strength, sedimentation, poor processing characteristics and uneven distribution.
Tamol PP can improve the stabilization of pigment particles in aqueous media.
This makes it relevant to manufacturers preparing pigment concentrates or aqueous color dispersions.

The final performance will depend on pigment surface chemistry, particle size and solids concentration.
The paper industry is another documented area of use.
Paper manufacturing employs pigments, fillers, dyes and other finely divided materials that may require controlled dispersion before incorporation into the process.

Tamol PP can be used as a dispersing agent where stable distribution of these materials in water is necessary.
Uniform particle distribution can contribute to more predictable processing and reduce problems caused by agglomerated solids.
Tamol PP can therefore be considered for pigment-containing paper-processing systems and related aqueous preparations.

Tamol PP can also be used in general chemical manufacturing.
Many industrial products consist of several ingredients with significantly different solubility or surface characteristics.
Maintaining a uniform composition can be difficult when insoluble solids are incorporated into an aqueous phase.

Tamol PP provides a polymeric anionic dispersing mechanism that can improve the distribution of these components.
Its use is particularly relevant where the formulation must remain homogeneous during storage, pumping or subsequent dilution.
Industrial emulsification represents an additional function of Tamol PP.

BASF identifies the product as both a dispersing agent and an emulsifier for technical applications.
The combination can be useful in formulations containing both dispersed solid material and components with limited water compatibility.
Tamol PP should nevertheless be selected according to the complete interfacial requirements of the formulation rather than assumed to replace every dedicated emulsifier.

In complex formulations, the product may operate together with nonionic or additional anionic surfactants.
The optimum surfactant system depends on the oil phase, solid phase, ionic strength, pH and desired physical properties.
Tamol PP has also appeared in topical veterinary formulation development.

Formulation literature documents the use of phenolsulfonic acid-formaldehyde concentrate identified as Tamol PP in an aqueous topical parasiticidal formulation containing dicyclanil and a disperse colorant.
This application demonstrates the ability of Tamol PP chemistry to function in complex aqueous systems containing an active ingredient, pigment or dye, rheology modifier, surfactant and other auxiliaries.

Such examples should be understood as formulation-specific rather than universal recommendations for veterinary use.
Another technically relevant area is coating-related formulation.
Phenolsulfonic acid-formaldehyde-urea condensates have been investigated in coating systems where ionic and antistatic properties are required.

The sulfonate groups incorporated within the polymer provide persistent ionic functionality that can influence electrical behavior and compatibility in aqueous systems.
This represents a more specialized use compared with the principal dispersing applications of Tamol PP.
Tamol PP should be evaluated against the actual binder and pigment combination.

A dispersant that performs well with one pigment may not provide identical behavior with another because surface chemistry varies substantially among inorganic and organic pigments.
Titanium dioxide, iron oxides, carbonaceous pigments and organic colorants can each exhibit different dispersant requirements.
The same principle applies to industrial fillers.

Tamol PP, kaolin, silica and other mineral materials differ in surface charge and adsorption characteristics.
Tamol PP may improve dispersion of suitable mineral systems, but optimum performance should be confirmed experimentally.
For concentrated dispersions, viscosity should be monitored as Tamol PP concentration is adjusted.

A successful dispersant frequently produces a noticeable reduction in viscosity as flocculated particle networks are broken down.
Tamol PP can permit higher solids loading while preserving pumpability and mixing efficiency.
Beyond the optimum concentration, additional dispersant may not provide further viscosity reduction.

A dosage curve can therefore provide useful information during formulation development.
Sedimentation behavior should also be evaluated.
Tamol PP a dispersant cannot remove the effect of gravity, particularly for dense particles.

However, maintaining particles as smaller individual units rather than large agglomerates can significantly change sedimentation behavior.
The nature of the sediment is equally important.
Tamol PP a loose sediment that redistributes easily after agitation may be acceptable, while compact hard settling can make a commercial formulation unusable.

Redispersibility testing should therefore accompany simple sediment-height measurements.
Particle-size analysis can provide another useful measure of Tamol PP performance.
Measurements performed immediately after milling and again after accelerated storage can reveal whether particle aggregation or growth has occurred.

Tamol PP is particularly useful in agrochemical, pigment and dye dispersions where particle size directly influences processing and application behavior.
Water hardness should form part of formulation evaluation whenever the final product will be diluted by the end user.
Municipal and agricultural water can contain significant calcium and magnesium concentrations.

Tamol PP is an anionic polymer, these ions can influence electrostatic interactions.
Hard-water testing is therefore appropriate for agricultural products and other formulations intended for dilution outside controlled industrial conditions.
Temperature stability should also be considered.

Storage at elevated or reduced temperature can change viscosity, solubility of other ingredients and particle interactions.
Accelerated storage studies can help determine whether a formulation containing Tamol PP remains homogeneous under realistic commercial conditions.

Tamol PP therefore includes agrochemical wettable powders, water-dispersible granules, pesticide mill bases, crop-nutrition products, pigment dispersions, dye systems, textile processing, paper-industry formulations and other technical aqueous dispersions.
Across these applications, its central function is consistent: maintaining more uniform distribution of components that would otherwise tend to agglomerate, separate or produce unstable formulations.

Safety Profile:
Tamol PP is supplied as a hygroscopic industrial powder and should be handled using appropriate precautions for dry chemical materials.
Tamol PP information identifies eye irritation as an important hazard associated with the principal phenolsulfonic acid-formaldehyde-phenol-urea polymer sodium salt component.
Direct contact between Tamol PP and the eyes should therefore be avoided.

Protective eyewear is appropriate during weighing, transfer, charging and mixing operations where powder or concentrated aqueous solution may contact the eyes.
If the material enters the eyes, they should be rinsed carefully with clean water and the applicable Safety Data Sheet should be followed.
Dust generation should be minimized during powder handling.

Bag opening, pouring, mechanical conveying and high-speed mixing may release airborne particles.
Good industrial ventilation and localized dust extraction should be used where necessary to keep airborne material under control.
Tamol PP respiratory protection may be appropriate when engineering controls cannot adequately limit exposure.

Skin contact should also be minimized through appropriate industrial hygiene.
Suitable protective gloves and work clothing should be selected according to the operation and exposure potential.
Hands and exposed skin should be washed after handling.

Tamol PP may contain small residual amounts of phenol associated with the production chemistry.
This makes compliance with the current product-specific Safety Data Sheet particularly important because the hazard profile of the supplied commercial material cannot be established solely from the generic polymer identity.
Environmental release should be controlled.

Tamol PP safety information identifies long-term aquatic hazard considerations for the polymer component.
Tamol PP should therefore not be discharged unnecessarily into surface water, drains or the environment.
Spilled powder should be collected using methods that minimize airborne dust.

Material entering drains should be prevented from spreading where this can be done safely.
Waste and contaminated packaging should be handled in accordance with applicable local regulations.
Storage conditions are particularly important because Tamol PP is hygroscopic.

Tamol PP should be stored in its original closed packaging in a dry location.
Opened containers should be resealed promptly after use.
Protection from atmospheric moisture helps prevent caking and preserves powder flow.

Storage areas should remain clean and protected from contamination.
Contact with incompatible materials should be avoided according to the current Safety Data Sheet.
The powder should not be handled close to food, beverages or animal feed unless the process and regulatory status specifically permit such use.

Normal industrial hygiene practices should be maintained throughout handling.
The current SDS supplied with Tamol PP should always take precedence when establishing personal protective equipment, occupational controls, first-aid procedures, firefighting measures, spill response, storage requirements, transport conditions and waste disposal.

Supply Of TAMOL PP:
For further information about TAMOL PP, including product availability, technical specifications, packaging options, application suitability and supply conditions, please contact Ataman Kimya.
Ataman Kimya can provide information required to evaluate TAMOL PP for agrochemical formulations, pigment and dye dispersions, textile and paper applications and other industrial systems requiring an anionic polymeric dispersing agent or emulsifier.
Technical documentation such as the applicable Technical Data Sheet, Safety Data Sheet and Certificate of Analysis can be evaluated together with the intended formulation requirements when selecting TAMOL PP for a specific industrial process.