TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM)

This sterically moderated tertiary thiol structure gives Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) two decisive engineering advantages over linear Normal Dodecyl Mercaptan (NDM / 1-dodecanethiol, CAS 112-55-0): first, whereas linear NDM has an excessively high chain transfer constant in styrene (C_tr ~ 15 to 19) that causes premature depletion early in the polymerization cycle, the balanced chain transfer constant of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) (C_tr ~ 1.8 to 3.2 in styrene and SBR/ABS systems) matches its rate of diffusion from monomer droplets through the aqueous phase into latex micelles, ensuring uniform molecular weight regulation and zero macro-gel formation from 0% to 85%+ monomer conversion. Second, the multi-isomer branched C12 structure depresses the pour/freezing point of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) below -45 °C (compared to -7 °C for linear NDM), guaranteeing crystal-free winter pumping and metering in outdoor tank farms!

Beyond polymer molecular weight regulation, Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) serves as a versatile chemical intermediate for ethoxylated thioether nonionic wetting surfactants, extreme-pressure (EP) sulfurized lubricant additives, mineral ore flotation collectors, and non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitors. Partnering with Ataman Kimya for drum, IBC, or ISO-tank shipments of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) ensures consistent mercaptan sulfur assay (15.4%–16.0% w/w), ultra-low moisture and disulfide impurity levels, and safe closed-loop logistics.

CAS Number: 25103-58-6 (tert-Dodecanethiol; Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan; Branched C12 tertiary alkanethiol isomer mixture)
EC Number: 246-619-1 (EINECS 246-619-1; EU REACH Registered substance: tert-dodecanethiol)
Molecular Formula: C12H26S (Condensed Structural Formula: (C11H23)C-SH or R1R2R3C-SH; Theoretical Elemental Composition: 71.21% C, 12.95% H, 15.84% S by weight; Theoretical Sulfhydryl -SH Group Content: 16.34% w/w)
Molecular Weight: 202.40 g/mol (Exact Monoisotopic Mass: 202.1755 g/mol; Mercaptan Equivalent Weight: 202.40 g/eq)
INCI Name: Not assigned (Strictly an industrial polymerization chain transfer agent, molecular weight modifier, and chemical synthesis intermediate; not used in cosmetics)
E Number: Not assigned (Industrial polymerization regulator and chemical intermediate; not a food additive, though polymers and SBR/nitrile rubbers manufactured using tert-dodecyl mercaptan as a chain transfer agent are cleared for indirect food-contact packaging and rubber articles under US FDA 21 CFR 175.105, 21 CFR 177.2600, and 21 CFR 177.1640)
Melting Point: <= -45.0 °C (<= -49.0 °F Pour Point / Glass Transition Solidification Point per ASTM D97 / ISO 3016; typically -45.0 to -60.0 °C, remaining a free-flowing, non-crystallizing liquid under extreme winter conditions)
Boiling Point: 227.0 to 248.0 °C (440.6 to 478.4 °F) distillation boiling range at 101.3 kPa (760 mmHg) atmospheric pressure (90.0 to 108.0 °C at 5.0 mmHg / 6.67 hPa; decomposition onset > 260 to 300 °C); Pensky-Martens Closed-Cup Flash Point (ASTM D93 / ISO 2719): 90.0 to 98.0 °C (194.0 to 208.4 °F); Cleveland Open-Cup Flash Point: ~105.0 to 115.0 °C; Autoignition Temperature: ~230.0 to 245.0 °C (DIN 51794); Flammable Limits in Air: LEL ~0.7% v/v, UEL ~6.0% v/v
Viscosity: 2.5 to 3.2 mPa·s (cP) dynamic viscosity at 20 °C and ~2.0 to 2.4 mPa·s (cP) at 25 °C (kinematic viscosity ~2.9 to 3.7 mm2/s [cSt] at 20 °C and ~1.6 mm2/s at 40 °C per ASTM D445)
Density: 0.855 to 0.865 g/cm3 at 20/20 °C (typically 0.858 to 0.860 g/cm3 at 20 °C and 0.852 to 0.856 g/cm3 at 25 °C per ASTM D4052 / ISO 12185; Bulk Weight ~7.16 lb/gal at 20 °C; Vapor Density: 7.0 [Air = 1.0]; Vapor Pressure: 0.04 to 0.13 hPa [~0.03 to 0.10 mmHg] at 20–25 °C; Refractive Index n20/D: 1.4580 to 1.4640)

Most Frequently Encountered Synonyms:
Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM)
TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM)
tert-Dodecyl mercaptan
tert-Dodecanethiol
t-Dodecyl mercaptan
t-Dodecanethiol
Tertiary dodecanethiol
tert-Dodecylthiol
t-Dodecylthiol
TDM
t-DDM
TDDM
TDM Chain Transfer Agent
1-Mercaptododecane, branched tertiary isomers
Tetrapropylene-derived tert-dodecyl mercaptan
Triisobutylene-derived tert-dodecyl mercaptan
Tersiyer dodesil merkaptan (Turkish)
tert-Dodesil merkaptan (TDM)

WHAT IS TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM)?

Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is a synthetic organosulfur compound (specifically a branched C12 tertiary alkanethiol, C12H26S, CAS 25103-58-6, EC 246-619-1) used worldwide as the standard molecular-weight regulator and Chain Transfer Agent (CTA)—historically termed a "modifier" in rubber terminology—in the free-radical polymerization of unsaturated monomers. Because commercial Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is synthesized by adding hydrogen sulfide (H2S) across the double bonds of branched C12 olefin oligomers (primarily propylene tetramer or isobutylene trimer), it is an isomeric mixture of branched twelve-carbon thiols in which the reactive sulfhydryl group (-SH) is bonded to a tertiary carbon atom carrying three alkyl substituents (R1R2R3C-SH).

In industrial polymer manufacturing—including Cold and Hot Emulsion Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (E-SBR 1500, 1502, 1712, 1723), Carboxylated Styrene-Butadiene Latex (X-SBR for paper coating and carpet backing), Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS), Styrene-Acrylonitrile (SAN), Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Nitrile Rubber (NBR), Expandable and High-Impact Polystyrene (EPS / HIPS), and Acrylic/Methacrylic Emulsions—free-radical polymerization without a chain transfer agent produces excessively long, highly branched, and cross-linked macromolecular chains ("macro-gel"). Such unregulated polymers cannot be milled on rubber rollers, cannot be injection-molded in ABS presses, and fail to coalesce into smooth, tacky latex films.
Adding just 0.05% to 1.0% w/w (0.05 to 1.0 phr on monomer) of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) into the monomer feed solves this problem with surgical precision: Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) intercepts propagating polymer radicals before excessive chain length or diene cross-branching can occur, capping each chain at the exact target number-average molecular weight (Mn) and immediately initiating a new growing polymer chain without losing free-radical concentration or slowing polymerization kinetics!

HISTORICAL REPLACEMENT OF CHLORINATED SOLVENTS AND DEVELOPMENT OF TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM)

During the early development of synthetic rubber in the 1930s and World War II (the US Government Rubber-Styrene GR-S program and German Buna-S production), polymer chemists initially tried to control molecular weight using chlorinated hydrocarbons (such as carbon tetrachloride CCl4 and chloroform CHCl3) or diisopropyl xanthogen disulfide ("Diproxid"). However, carbon tetrachloride and chloroform had terribly low chain transfer constants (requiring large weight percentages that contaminated the polymer), caused severe liver/kidney toxicity and ozone-depleting emissions, and introduced unstable C-Cl bonds that released corrosive HCl during rubber vulcanization.
When 12-carbon alkanethiols (dodecyl mercaptans) were introduced in the late 1940s and 1950s, they revolutionized emulsion polymerization: their chain transfer constants were 1,000 to 10,000 times higher than carbon tetrachloride, enabling complete molecular weight control at parts-per-thousand (0.1 to 0.5 phr) dosages! Furthermore, chemists operating cold-emulsion SBR plants (+5 °C redox polymerization) and high-solids X-SBR latex reactors quickly discovered that branched Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) outperformed linear n-dodecyl mercaptan (NDM): whereas linear NDM froze in cold-weather pipes (-7 °C) and reacted too rapidly during the first 25% of monomer conversion, Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) stayed liquid down to -45 °C and reacted at a steady, uniform rate across the entire polymerization batch.

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE, CHAIN-TRANSFER KINETICS (MAYO EQUATION), AND MICELLE DIFFUSION MECHANISM

The quantitative action of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) in radical polymerization is governed by three fundamental chemical principles:

The Two-Step Free-Radical Chain Transfer Cycle:
In a free-radical polymerization of monomer M (such as styrene, 1,3-butadiene, acrylonitrile, or methyl methacrylate), an active growing macroradical containing n monomer units (Pn·) can either propagate by adding another monomer molecule (rate constant k_p) or react with a molecule of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) (represented as R-SH, where R = tert-C12H25, rate constant k_tr):
- Step A — Hydrogen Abstraction (Chain Termination of Pn·):
  Pn· + tert-C12H25-SH (TDM)  --[k_tr]-->  Pn-H (Dead Polymer Chain of Controlled Length) + tert-C12H25-S· (Thiyl Radical)
  Because the S-H bond of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is much weaker (~365 kJ/mol) than C-H bonds (~410 kJ/mol) and the resulting sulfur-centered thiyl radical (RS·) is electronically stabilized, k_tr is larger than the propagation rate constant k_p!
- Step B — Rapid Monomer Re-Initiation by the Thiyl Radical (k_re-init):
  tert-C12H25-S· + M (Monomer)  --[k_re-init]-->  tert-C12H25-S-M· (New Growing Polymer Chain P1·)
  Crucially, because the electrophilic tert-dodecylthiyl radical (t-C12H25-S·) adds to electron-rich vinyl/diene monomers (styrene, butadiene, acrylates) at a rate constant k_re-init >= k_p, the total concentration of active radicals in the reactor remains unchanged! Thus, Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) lowers molecular weight without retarding the rate of polymerization (R_p)!

The Mayo Equation and the Ideal Chain Transfer Constant (C_tr = k_tr / k_p):
According to the Mayo Equation, the reciprocal of the number-average degree of polymerization (1 / Xn) is linearly proportional to the molar ratio of Chain Transfer Agent [TDM] to Monomer [M]:
  1 / Xn = (1 / Xn0) + C_tr x ( [TDM] / [M] )
where C_tr = k_tr / k_p is the dimensionless Chain Transfer Constant:
- For linear n-Dodecyl Mercaptan (NDM) in styrene at 60 °C, C_tr is ~15.0 to 19.0. Because C_tr >> 1, NDM is consumed 15 times faster than monomer—meaning 90% of the NDM is exhausted before the polymerization reaches 25% conversion, leaving the remaining 75% of the batch without any modifier!
- For Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM), steric hindrance from the three alkyl branches around the tertiary carbon lowers C_tr to ~1.8 to 3.2 in styrene (and an effective apparent C_tr close to ~1.0 in heterogeneous emulsion polymerizations where diffusion from monomer droplets through the water phase to polymer particles is rate-controlling). Because its effective C_tr is close to unity, the ratio [TDM]/[M] stays nearly constant throughout the reaction, producing a narrow, uniform molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) and suppressing cross-linking gelation right up to 70%–95% conversion!

Suppression of Diene Cross-Branching ("Gel Content" Control in SBR, X-SBR, NBR, and ABS):
In polymers containing 1,3-butadiene (SBR, X-SBR, NBR, ABS, HIPS), as monomer concentration drops above 60% conversion, growing macroradicals begin attacking the internal trans-1,4 and pendant 1,2-vinyl double bonds of already-formed polybutadiene chains—causing intermolecular branching and runaway crosslinking ("popcorn/macro-gel"). Dosing 0.15 to 0.60 phr of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) intercepts these macroradicals before they can attack backbone double bonds, allowing precise tuning of the latex "gel content" (e.g., 55% to 75% controlled micro-gel in paper-coating X-SBR latex for optimal ink gloss and blister resistance, or < 1% gel in cold emulsion SBR 1502 rubber for smooth mill banding!).

INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION AND MANUFACTURING PROCESSES

Commercial high-purity Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) supplied by Ataman Kimya is manufactured in continuous high-pressure catalytic reactors from C12 branched olefins and hydrogen sulfide:
- Stage 1 (Preparation of Branched C12 Olefin Feedstock — Propylene Tetramer or Isobutylene Trimer):
  Refinery propylene (C3H6) or isobutylene/butenes (C4H8) are oligomerized catalytically over solid phosphoric acid (SPA) or acidic ion-exchange resin catalysts, and the C12 olefin fraction (dodecene isomers, C12H24, boiling range 185 to 215 °C) is isolated by fractional distillation.
- Stage 2 (Catalytic Markovnikov Addition of Hydrogen Sulfide H2S):
  The purified C12 branched olefin stream and a molar excess of anhydrous liquid/gaseous Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S, typically 1.5:1 to 4:1 molar ratio of H2S to C12 olefin to prevent dialkyl sulfide R-S-R byproduct formation) are fed continuously into a cooled fixed-bed or stirred pressure reactor at 0 to 60 °C and 10 to 25 bar over a Lewis acid catalyst (such as Boron Trifluoride BF3 complex, Ethylaluminum Dichloride, or Aluminum Chloride) or a mesoporous solid acid catalyst (Amberlyst sulfonated resin or heteropolyacid on silica/alumina):
  C12H24 (Branched Dodecene Isomers) + H2S  --[Acid Catalyst]-->  tert-C12H25-SH (Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan TDM)
  Protonation of the branched alkene generates the most stable tertiary C12 carbocation (R1R2R3C+), which is immediately captured by nucleophilic H2S to yield > 98% tertiary thiol isomers.
- Stage 3 (H2S Flash Recovery, Neutralization, and Vacuum Fractional Distillation):
  Unreacted H2S gas is flashed off in high- and low-pressure separators and recycled quantitatively to the reactor. The crude thiol stream is washed/neutralized to remove any trace catalyst acidity, dehydrated, and fractionally distilled under vacuum (5 to 20 mbar) to strip out light C9–C11 olefins/thiols and heavy C24 dialkyl sulfide / disulfide bottoms—yielding water-white Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) with >= 98.5%–99.2% C12 thiol purity, 15.4%–16.0% mercaptan sulfur, and <= 15 APHA color.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM)

Typical physical constants and analytical specification limits for Ataman Kimya's Polymerization-Grade Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) (CAS 25103-58-6, EC 246-619-1) include:
- Chemical Name: tert-Dodecanethiol / Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan (branched C12 tertiary thiol isomer mixture)
- CAS Registry Number: 25103-58-6
- EC / EINECS Number: 246-619-1
- Molecular Formula & Weight: C12H26S / 202.40 g/mol
- Appearance at 20 °C: Clear, water-white (colorless) to very pale yellow mobile liquid, free from suspended matter or haze
- Odor: Strong, characteristic repulsive mercaptan (sulfurous/thiol) odor
- Purity / Total C12 Mercaptan Content (GC area %): >= 98.5% w/w (typical 98.8% to 99.4% w/w)
- Mercaptan Sulfur Content (-SH as elemental S, ASTM D3227 potentiometric AgNO3 titration): 15.4% to 16.0% w/w (theoretical 15.84% w/w S; typical 15.6% to 15.8% w/w)
- Color (APHA / Pt-Co / Hazen, ASTM D1209): <= 15 to 20 APHA (typical <= 10 APHA; Saybolt Color >= +28)
- Specific Gravity / Relative Density (20/20 °C, ASTM D4052): 0.855 to 0.865 g/cm3 (typical 0.858 g/cm3 at 20 °C; 0.854 g/cm3 at 25 °C; API Gravity ~33.2)
- Refractive Index (n20/D, ASTM D1218): 1.4580 to 1.4640 (typical 1.459 to 1.462)
- Dynamic Viscosity at 20 °C (ASTM D445): ~2.5 to 3.2 mPa·s (cP; kinematic viscosity ~2.9 to 3.7 mm2/s [cSt] at 20 °C)
- Pour Point / Solidification Point (ASTM D97): <= -45.0 °C (-49.0 °F; typical -50 to -60 °C)
- Atmospheric Distillation Boiling Range (101.3 kPa, ASTM D86): 227.0 to 248.0 °C (Initial Boiling Point >= 220 °C, 95% recovered <= 248 °C)
- Flash Point (Pensky-Martens Closed Cup, ASTM D93): >= 90.0 °C (typical 92.0 to 98.0 °C / 198 to 208 °F; Cleveland Open Cup ~110 °C)
- Autoignition Temperature: ~230.0 to 245.0 °C
- Vapor Pressure at 25 °C: ~0.04 to 0.13 hPa (0.03 to 0.10 mmHg; 1.33 hPa at 60 °C)
- Water Content (Karl Fischer, ASTM E203): <= 0.05% w/w (<= 500 ppm; typical <= 0.02% / 200 ppm)
- Disulfide Content (Di-tert-dodecyl disulfide, R-S-S-R): <= 0.3% to 0.5% w/w
- Solubility in Water at 25 °C (OECD 105): ~0.00025 g/L (0.25 mg/L, practically insoluble in water)
- Octanol-Water Partition Coefficient (log Pow / log Kow): 5.85 to 6.20
- Solubility in Monomers & Solvents: Completely miscible in all proportions with styrene, 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, acrylonitrile, acrylates, methacrylates, vinyl acetate, toluene, xylene, hexane, acetone, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, and mineral oils

WHY EACH IMPORTANT PROPERTY OF TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM) MATTERS IN PRACTICE

Consistent Mercaptan Sulfur Content (15.4% to 16.0% w/w as S):
In an emulsion SBR or ABS reactor, the active functional group performing chain transfer is exclusively the sulfhydryl (-SH) group (where 1 mole of -SH contains 32.06 g of Mercaptan Sulfur). If air oxidation during improper storage converts a portion of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) into di-tert-dodecyl disulfide (R-S-S-R, which has a chain transfer constant nearly zero in styrene/butadiene!), the active Mercaptan Sulfur titer drops, causing the resulting SBR rubber's Mooney viscosity (ML 1+4 at 100 °C) or the ABS resin's melt viscosity to overshoot specifications! Ataman Kimya's verified 15.4%–16.0% w/w Mercaptan Sulfur assay guarantees exact batch-to-batch Mooney viscosity and MFR reproducibility.

Balanced Hydrophobicity (log Kow ~ 6.0) and Diffusion Rate in Emulsion Polymerization:
In aqueous emulsion polymerization (SBR, X-SBR, NBR, ABS graft stage), Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is dissolved in the hydrophobic monomer droplets and must diffuse across the aqueous phase into the sub-micron growing polymer-monomer particles (Smith-Ewart Locus of Polymerization). Lighter mercaptans (like C8 octyl mercaptan) diffuse too fast and are consumed in the first 15% of conversion, whereas heavier mercaptans (like C16–C18 cetyl/stearyl mercaptan) are too water-insoluble to diffuse without cyclodextrin or high-shear homogenization. The C12 chain length and branched compact geometry of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) provide the ideal mass-transfer diffusion rate in emulsion systems!

Ultra-Low Pour Point (<= -45 °C) and High Flash Point (>= 90 °C Closed Cup):
Unlike linear n-dodecyl mercaptan (which freezes at -7 °C and requires heat-traced outdoor lines), Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) remains a low-viscosity (~3 mPa·s) liquid down to -45 °C, while its high closed-cup flash point (90 to 98 °C) avoids Class 3 flammable-liquid classification.

WHAT PROBLEMS CAN TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM) HELP SOLVE?

Preventing Runaway Macro-Gelation and High Mooney Viscosity in Emulsion SBR (1500 / 1502 / 1712) and NBR: Adding 0.12 to 0.30 phr Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) into cold (+5 °C) or hot (+50 °C) emulsion SBR and NBR polymerizations prevents diene crosslinking and regulates raw rubber Mooney viscosity strictly within the target 45 to 55 MU window for effortless Banbury mixing and tire extrusion.
Controlling Micro-Gel Content and Film Coalescence in Paper-Coating & Carpet-Backing X-SBR Latex: In high-solids carboxylated styrene-butadiene (X-SBR) latices polymerized at 75–85 °C, dosing 0.25 to 0.80 phr Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) (either batched or staged with the monomer feed) precisely tunes the THF/toluene insoluble gel fraction between 50% and 80%, optimizing paper-coating wet pick strength, blister resistance, and carpet tuft bind.
Optimizing SAN Matrix Melt Flow and Grafted Rubber Shell Thickness in ABS Resins: In emulsion-grafted and bulk/mass Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) production, 0.15% to 0.60% w/w Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) controls both the polybutadiene rubber substrate crosslinking and the molecular weight (Mw ~ 80,000–140,000 g/mol) of the grafted/free SAN copolymer—maximizing Izod impact strength and high-gloss injection-molding surface finish.

Eliminating Winter Pipe Freezing and Early Modifier Depletion Seen with Normal Dodecyl Mercaptan (NDM): Switching from linear NDM (freezing point -7 °C, C_tr ~ 18) to branched Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) (freezing point <= -45 °C, C_tr ~ 2.5) eliminates winter line blockages and prevents composition drift between early- and late-conversion polymer chains.
Providing a Reactive Thiol Building Block for Low-Foaming Surfactants, EP Lubricant Additives, and Ore Flotation Collectors: In chemical synthesis, Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) ethoxylates cleanly with ethylene oxide to yield biodegradable nonionic wetting agents and reacts with sulfur/olefins to form extreme-pressure (EP) gear oil additives and selective copper/gold sulfide flotation collectors.

BENEFITS FOR THE MANUFACTURER AND END USER

- Uniform Consumption Profile Across Monomer Conversion: Balanced chain transfer constant (C_tr ~ 1.8–3.2) prevents early exhaustion in batch and semi-continuous reactors.
- Zero Retardation of Polymerization Rate: Rapid re-initiation of monomer by tert-dodecylthiyl radicals maintains full reactor productivity and short cycle times.
- Arctic Cold-Weather Fluidity (<= -45 °C Pour Point): Pumps and meters accurately at sub-zero ambient temperatures without heated storage tanks.
- Low Parts-Per-Thousand Dosage Economy (0.05% to 0.80% w/w): Achieves complete molecular weight and gel control at minimal additive cost.
- Halogen-Free and Ozone-Safe Chemistry: Completely replaces toxic chlorinated chain transfer agents (CCl4, CHCl3) with zero halogen residues in the finished polymer.

APPLICATIONS OF TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM)

Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is utilized across a wide spectrum of polymer manufacturing, surfactant synthesis, lubricant, and mining applications:
Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is utilized as the primary Chain Transfer Agent (CTA) and Mooney viscosity regulator in the Cold (+5 °C) and Hot (+50 °C) Emulsion Polymerization of Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (E-SBR 1500, 1502, 1712, 1723) and Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Nitrile Rubber (NBR) for tires, hoses, seals, and footwear.
Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is used for controlling crosslink gel content, molecular weight distribution, and adhesive/coating film strength in Carboxylated Styrene-Butadiene Latex (X-SBR) and Styrene-Acrylic Latices for paper/paperboard coating, carpet backing, nonwovens, and construction mortars.
Also Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is utilized in the preparation of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS), Styrene-Acrylonitrile (SAN), Methyl Methacrylate-Butadiene-Styrene (MBS), and Acrylate-Styrene-Acrylonitrile (ASA) Engineering Thermoplastics to regulate graft shell length and Melt Flow Index (MFI).

For Expandable Polystyrene (EPS), General-Purpose Polystyrene (GPPS), High-Impact Polystyrene (HIPS), and Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) Suspension and Bulk Polymerizations, Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is used to tailor molecular weight (Mw) and bead expandability.
In the Ethoxylation of Specialty Nonionic Surfactants, Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is employed as the hydrophobic starter thiol reacted with 6 to 15 moles of Ethylene Oxide to manufacture low-foaming polyoxyethylene tert-dodecyl thioether wetting and scouring agents.
Furthermore, Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is applied as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of Sulfurized Extreme-Pressure (EP) and Anti-Wear Lubricant Additives (di-tert-dodecyl polysulfides), Phenolic Thioether Antioxidants, and Organotin PVC Heat Stabilizer Precursors.
Additionally, Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is utilized as a selective hydrophobic Sulfide & Precious Metal (Copper, Molybdenum, Gold, Silver) Froth Flotation Collector in mineral processing, a Copper/Silver Tarnish Inhibitor, and a Mercaptan Cure Accelerator Modifier in Polysulfide/Epoxy Sealants.

WHICH INDUSTRIES USE TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM)?

- The Synthetic Rubber (E-SBR, NBR, CR) and Tire Elastomer Manufacturing Industry uses Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) as its standard modifier for Mooney viscosity and gel control.
- The Synthetic Latex (X-SBR, Styrene-Acrylic, Acrylic), Paper Coating, and Carpet-Backing Binder Industry utilizes Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) to regulate latex micro-gel content and film coalescence.
- The Engineering Thermoplastics (ABS, SAN, ASA, MBS) and Polystyrene (HIPS, GPPS, EPS) Manufacturing Industry relies on Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) to control Melt Flow Rate and rubber-phase grafting efficiency.
- The Specialty Surfactant and Textile/Agrochemical Auxiliary Manufacturing Industry employs Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) to produce ethoxylated thioether nonionic wetting agents.
- The Lubricant Additive, Metalworking Fluid, and Polymer Antioxidant Manufacturing Industry uses Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) to synthesize tert-dodecyl polysulfides and thioether stabilizers.
- The Mining Mineral Processing (Froth Flotation) and Electronic Metal Surface Treatment Industry utilizes Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) as a selective ore collector and copper corrosion inhibitor.

USE OF TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM) IN EMULSION SBR, CARBOXYLATED SB LATEX (X-SBR) AND ABS / SAN RESINS

- Cold Emulsion Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR 1502 / 1712) and Nitrile Rubber (NBR) with Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM): In continuous reactor trains producing Cold Emulsion SBR at +5 °C (initiated by a ferrous sulfate / sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate / p-menthane hydroperoxide redox system in rosin/fatty-acid soap emulsion), Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is metered continuously with the styrene and 1,3-butadiene monomer charge at 0.15 to 0.28 parts per hundred monomer (phm). As polymerization proceeds to the standard 60%–65% monomer conversion "short-stop" point, Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) keeps the weight-average molecular weight (Mw) at ~350,000 to 500,000 g/mol, ensuring a raw polymer Mooney viscosity ML(1+4) at 100 °C of 48 to 54 MU with zero macro-gel (< 0.5%).

- Carboxylated Styrene-Butadiene Latex (X-SBR) for Paper Coating and Carpet Backing with Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM): Unlike bale SBR rubber (which is short-stopped at 60% conversion), X-SBR latices (containing 50%–65% styrene, 32%–47% 1,3-butadiene, and 2%–4% itaconic/acrylic acid) are polymerized at 75 to 88 °C all the way to > 99% monomer conversion! Without Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM), running 1,3-butadiene to 99% conversion creates a 98%-crosslinked, brittle latex particle that cannot bind paper pigments or carpet tufts. By dosing 0.30 to 0.85 phm Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) continuously into the monomer feed stream, latex engineers dial in the exact toluene/THF gel content (e.g., 60%–70% gel for high-speed offset paper coating latices, or 75%–85% gel for high-tuft-bind carpet backing latices).

- ABS and SAN Engineering Resins with Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM): During the emulsion grafting of styrene and acrylonitrile (typically 72:28 weight ratio) onto polybutadiene rubber latex cores (producing high-rubber-graft ABS powder), adding 0.20% to 0.55% w/w Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) controls both the molecular weight and grafting degree of the SAN shell so that, when melt-compounded with bulk SAN matrix resin, the rubber particles disperse uniformly without agglomeration and yield high-gloss, high-impact ABS moldings.

USE OF TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM) IN POLYSTYRENE (HIPS / EPS), ACRYLICS, SURFACTANTS AND MINING FLOTATION

- High-Impact Polystyrene (HIPS), Expandable Polystyrene (EPS), and Acrylic Resins with Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM): In continuous mass/solution HIPS plants (where 5%–10% polybutadiene rubber is dissolved in styrene monomer and thermally polymerized through phase inversion), adding 200 to 800 ppm (0.02% to 0.08% w/w) of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) into the pre-inversion or post-inversion reactors controls the polystyrene matrix molecular weight and rubber-particle sizing ("salami" morphology, 1.5 to 3.5 microns). In PMMA cast/extrusion acrylics and solvent/waterborne acrylic coatings, 0.1% to 1.5% w/w Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) produces low-viscosity, high-solids oligomers.
- Ethoxylated Thioether Surfactant Synthesis and Mining Ore Flotation with Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM): Reacting 1.0 mole of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) with 8.0 to 12.0 moles of Ethylene Oxide in the presence of basic catalyst yields nonionic tert-dodecyl polyoxyethylene thioethers (C12H25-S-(CH2CH2O)n-H), prized as low-odor, biodegradable textile wetting and agrochemical tank-mix adjuvants. In copper-molybdenum and gold-bearing pyrite sulfide ore beneficiation, emulsified Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) (at 10 to 50 g per metric ton of ore) chemisorbs selectively onto unoxidized chalcopyrite and native gold surfaces, boosting flotation recovery by 3% to 8% over standard xanthates.

FORMULATION AND PROCESS CONSIDERATIONS WHEN USING TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM)

Staged / Incremental Feeding vs. Single Batch Charge in Emulsion Polymerization:
In semi-continuous emulsion polymerizations (such as X-SBR, styrene-acrylics, or NBR), how Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is fed into the reactor dramatically shapes the polymer architecture:
- Continuous Co-Feeding with the Monomer Stream (Recommended): Dissolving Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) directly into the hydrocarbon monomer feed tank (e.g., into the styrene or styrene/butadiene stream) ensures a constant [TDM]/[Monomer] ratio throughout the 3- to 6-hour feed period, producing uniform chain lengths and consistent micro-gel density from the particle core to the shell.
- Delayed / Late-Stage Incremental Dosing ("Ramped CTA Feed"): In specialized paper-coating X-SBR latices, feeding 30% of the Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) during the first half of the monomer feed and 70% during the second half creates a "core-shell" crosslink gradient—a more tightly crosslinked particle core (for high print gloss and blister resistance) surrounded by a lower-molecular-weight, lightly crosslinked particle shell (for superior room-temperature film coalescence and dry pick strength)!

Preventing Oxidative Disulfide Formation and Odor Release During Handling:
- Inert Nitrogen Blanketing: Prolonged contact with air/oxygen (especially in the presence of trace alkalies, iron/copper ions, or UV light) slowly oxidizes thiols (2 R-SH + 1/2 O2 -> R-S-S-R + H2O) into di-tert-dodecyl disulfide, which is inactive as a chain transfer agent in styrene/butadiene emulsion polymerization. Always store and transfer Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) under a dry nitrogen blanket in closed stainless-steel or carbon-steel systems.
- Closed-Loop Odor Abatement & Hypochlorite/Peroxide Scrubber Protocol: Because the human nose detects Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) at parts-per-billion levels (~1 to 5 ppb), always use seal-less magnetic-drive pumps, welded or PTFE-gasketed flanges, and vapor-return dry-disconnect couplings during drum or tank unloading, routing displaced tank vents through an activated-carbon canister or an alkaline sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) / hydrogen peroxide wet scrubber (which oxidizes malodorous thiol vapors instantly into odorless sulfonates/disulfides).

TYPICAL USE LEVELS AND INITIAL FORMULATION APPROACHES FOR TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM)

Typical commercial incorporation levels for Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) (expressed in parts per hundred monomer, phm, or % w/w on monomer) depend on the target molecular weight (Mw) or Mooney viscosity:
- Cold Emulsion Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (E-SBR 1500 / 1502 / 1712, +5 °C Redox, 60% Conversion): Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is dosed at 0.14 to 0.28 phm (0.14% to 0.28% w/w on total styrene + 1,3-butadiene monomers) to achieve a raw Mooney viscosity ML(1+4)100°C of 48 to 54 MU.
- Hot Emulsion SBR and Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Nitrile Rubber (NBR, +30 to +50 °C): Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is incorporated at 0.25 to 0.65 phm on total monomers.
- Carboxylated Styrene-Butadiene Latex (X-SBR for Paper Coating, Carpet Backing & Nonwovens, 75–88 °C, > 99% Conversion): Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is dosed at 0.30 to 0.90 phm (typically 0.40 to 0.70 phm) to control gel content between 55% and 85%.
- ABS (Emulsion Graft Stage) and SAN (Suspension / Bulk Copolymerization): Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is added at 0.15% to 0.60% w/w on styrene + acrylonitrile monomers to regulate Melt Flow Index and graft shell Mw (~80,000–130,000 g/mol).
- High-Impact Polystyrene (HIPS), GPPS, and Expandable Polystyrene (EPS): Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is metered at 0.02% to 0.15% w/w (200 to 1,500 ppm) on styrene monomer.
- Waterborne & Solvent-Borne Acrylic / Methacrylic Resins (PMMA, BA/MMA Coatings & Adhesives): Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is incorporated at 0.10% to 1.50% w/w on monomer to reduce polymer Mw from > 500,000 g/mol down to 15,000–120,000 g/mol.
- Mining Sulfide / Gold Ore Froth Flotation Collector: Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is dosed at 10 to 60 g/metric ton of ore in the ball-mill or rougher flotation cell.
The four laboratory and pilot frameworks below illustrate preliminary R&D evaluation protocols for qualified technical personnel formulating with Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM).

EXAMPLE 1: PILOT-SCALE SYNTHESIS AND GEL-CONTENT TUNING OF A 50% SOLIDS PAPER-COATING CARBOXYLATED STYRENE-BUTADIENE LATEX (X-SBR)

Purpose: To synthesize a 50% non-volatile solids Carboxylated Styrene-Butadiene (X-SBR) paper-coating latex at 80 °C using Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) as the molecular-weight and micro-gel regulator, and evaluate how varying TDM from 0.25 phm to 0.55 phm controls THF/toluene insoluble gel fraction (target 68% +/- 3%) and IGT dry pick paper-coating strength.
Initial autoclave polymerization recipe (expressed per 100.0 parts total monomer, phm; total batch ~2,000 g):
- Monomer Charge (100.0 phm total):
  - Styrene Monomer (SM, hard Tg-contributing monomer): 57.0 phm
  - 1,3-Butadiene Liquefied Monomer (BD, soft film-forming diene monomer): 40.0 phm
  - Itaconic Acid (IA, 1.5 phm, charged in initial kettle) + Acrylic Acid (AA, 1.5 phm, fed with monomers) Carboxylating Monomers: 3.0 phm
- Chain Transfer Agent (CTA / Modifier dissolved in the Styrene Monomer feed):
  - Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) (CAS 25103-58-6, Ataman Kimya Polymerization Grade, purity >= 99.0%, mercaptan sulfur = 15.7% w/w): evaluated at 0.25 phm, 0.45 phm (target optimum), and 0.65 phm
- Aqueous Emulsion & Initiator Phase:
  - Deionized Water (total): 95.0 phm
  - Pre-Formed Polystyrene Seed Latex (30% solids, particle size 35 nm, to fix final particle size at 145 nm): 2.5 phm (dry basis)
  - Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) + Nonionic Surfactant Emulsifier Blend: 1.4 phm (active basis)
  - Sodium Persulfate (Na2S2O8, thermal free-radical initiator): 0.85 phm
  - Tetrasodium EDTA (trace iron chelator) + Sodium Hydroxide (to adjust final pH to 7.2): 0.05 phm EDTA + ~0.8 phm NaOH
Laboratory evaluation procedure:
- Stage 1 (Autoclave Seeding and De-Aeration): Charge the initial water, 1.5 phm itaconic acid, seed latex, 0.2 phm surfactant, and EDTA into a 4-liter nitrogen-purged stainless-steel high-pressure polymerization autoclave equipped with a pitched-blade turbine agitator (300 rpm), evacuate and purge three times with nitrogen, and heat to 80 °C.
- Stage 2 (4.5-Hour Continuous Monomer + TDM Co-Feed at 80 °C): Dissolve the 0.45 phm Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) and 1.5 phm acrylic acid into the 57.0 phm Styrene Monomer, and meter this solution concurrently with the pressurized 40.0 phm 1,3-Butadiene stream and the aqueous surfactant/sodium persulfate stream into the 80 °C autoclave over 4.5 hours. Because Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) has an ideal diffusion and chain-transfer constant (C_tr ~ 2.0), it transfers smoothly across the aqueous phase into the growing X-SBR latex particles throughout the entire feed!
- Stage 3 (Post-Reaction Cook, Steam Stripping, and Latex / Paper-Coating Testing): Hold at 85 °C for 90 minutes (reaching > 99.5% monomer conversion), cool to 60 °C, adjust pH to 7.2 with dilute NaOH, and vacuum-steam-strip residual styrene below 150 ppm. Measure THF/Toluene Insoluble Gel Content (soaking dried latex films in toluene for 24 h at 25 °C and filtering through 200-mesh screen): verify that 0.25 phm TDM gives ~84% gel (too stiff, lower paper pick strength), 0.45 phm Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) hits the exact optimum of 68.5% gel (glass transition Tg = +12 °C, particle size 145 nm, coagulum < 0.01%), and 0.65 phm TDM gives ~51% gel. Formulate a 62%-solids paper coating color (80 parts kaolin clay / CaCO3 + 11 parts dry X-SBR latex per 100 parts pigment), coat onto woodfree base paper at 12 g/m2, calender, and verify maximum IGT Dry Pick Velocity >= 2.4 m/s and 75° sheet gloss >= 74%!

EXAMPLE 2: EMULSION GRAFT POLYMERIZATION OF ACRYLONITRILE-BUTADIENE-STYRENE (ABS) USING TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM)

Purpose: To regulate the grafted SAN shell molecular weight (target Mw ~ 95,000 g/mol) and grafting efficiency (~38%) during the emulsion polymerization of Styrene and Acrylonitrile onto a Polybutadiene Rubber Latex substrate using 0.35 phm Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM).
Initial ABS high-rubber-graft (HRG) emulsion recipe (per 100.0 parts total dry polymer = 55.0 parts Polybutadiene Rubber + 45.0 parts SAN Graft Shell):
- Polybutadiene Rubber Latex Substrate (50.0% solids, bimodal particle size 280 nm, gel content 82%): 110.0 g wet latex (delivering 55.0 g dry polybutadiene rubber)
- Deionized Water (additional): 90.0 g
- disproportionated Potassium Rosinate Soap Emulsifier: 1.20 g (active)
- Monomer & Chain Transfer Agent Feed Mixture (45.0 g total monomers):
  - Styrene Monomer (73.3% of monomer mix): 33.0 g
  - Acrylonitrile Monomer (26.7% of monomer mix): 12.0 g
  - Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) (CAS 25103-58-6, Ataman Kimya Polymerization Grade, dissolved in the Styrene/Acrylonitrile feed): 0.16 g (0.355% w/w on SAN monomers)
- Redox Initiator System (at 65 °C):
  - Cumene Hydroperoxide (CHP, 80%): 0.22 g
  - Dextrose (0.30 g) + Sodium Pyrophosphate (0.20 g) + Ferrous Sulfate Heptahydrate (0.005 g) in 15.0 g water
Laboratory evaluation procedure:
- Charge the 110.0 g polybutadiene latex, 90.0 g deionized water, potassium rosinate soap, and dextrose/pyrophosphate/FeSO4 redox activator into a nitrogen-blanketed 1-liter jacketed glass reactor at 65 °C and stir at 250 rpm.
- Meter the homogeneous mixture of 33.0 g Styrene, 12.0 g Acrylonitrile, 0.16 g Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM), and 0.22 g Cumene Hydroperoxide continuously into the reactor over 3.0 hours at 65 to 70 °C, followed by 60 minutes maturation at 75 °C (monomer conversion >= 98.5%).
- Add 0.5 g phenolic/thioester antioxidant emulsion, coagulate the ABS graft latex at 85 °C with dilute aqueous magnesium sulfate / sulfuric acid, filter, wash with deionized water, and dry the white ABS powder at 70 °C.
- Extract a 2.0 g sample of the dried ABS powder with acetone in a Soxhlet / centrifuge protocol to separate the acetone-soluble "free SAN" from the acetone-insoluble "PB-g-SAN grafted rubber": verify by GPC that the 0.355% Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) regulates the SAN weight-average molecular weight (Mw) strictly to 95,000 +/- 5,000 g/mol (polydispersity 2.1) and Grafting Degree to 38%. Melt-compound 35 parts of this ABS graft powder with 65 parts bulk SAN resin in a twin-screw extruder at 220 °C, injection-mold test bars, and confirm Notched Izod Impact Strength (23 °C, ISO 180) >= 28 kJ/m2, Melt Flow Rate (220 °C / 10 kg) = 21 g/10 min, and 60° surface gloss >= 94 GU!

EXAMPLE 3: COLD EMULSION STYRENE-BUTADIENE RUBBER (E-SBR 1502) POLYMERIZATION AT +5 °C WITH TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM)

Purpose: To demonstrate +5 °C redox emulsion copolymerization of 1,3-Butadiene and Styrene to 60% conversion regulated with 0.20 phm Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) to produce gel-free E-SBR 1502 rubber with a raw Mooney viscosity ML(1+4) at 100 °C of 50 +/- 2 MU.
Initial +5 °C cold-emulsion SBR recipe (parts per hundred monomer, phm):
- 1,3-Butadiene Liquefied Monomer (purified, TBC-free): 71.0 phm
- Styrene Monomer (purified): 29.0 phm
- Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) (CAS 25103-58-6, Ataman Kimya Rubber-Modifier Grade, pour point <= -45 °C, mercaptan sulfur 15.7% w/w, dissolved in the Styrene charge): 0.20 phm
- Deionized Water (oxygen-free): 190.0 phm
- Disproportionated Rosin Acid Potassium Soap (2.25 phm) + Hydrogenated Tallow Fatty Acid Potassium Soap (2.25 phm): 4.50 phm
- Condensed Naphthalene Sulfonate Sodium Salt (secondary latex stabilizer): 0.15 phm
- Trisodium Phosphate / Potassium Chloride Electrolyte (viscosity depressant): 0.40 phm
- Cold Redox Initiator Package (at +5.0 °C):
  - p-Menthane Hydroperoxide (PMHP, oxidant): 0.08 phm
  - Ferrous Sulfate Heptahydrate (0.015 phm) + EDTA Tetrasodium Salt (0.04 phm) + Sodium Formaldehyde Sulfoxylate (SFS, 0.05 phm) Activator Solution
- Short-Stop Solution (added at exactly 60.0% monomer conversion): Sodium Dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDD, 0.12 phm) + Diethylhydroxylamine (DEHA, 0.04 phm)
Laboratory evaluation procedure:
- Charge the aqueous soap/electrolyte phase, redox activator, styrene monomer containing the dissolved 0.20 phm Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM), and 71.0 phm liquid 1,3-butadiene into a jacketed pressure autoclave cooled to +5.0 +/- 0.5 °C under nitrogen.
- Inject the 0.08 phm p-menthane hydroperoxide to initiate polymerization at +5.0 °C. Because Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) has a pour point below -45 °C and ideal mass-transfer kinetics at +5 °C, it regulates polymer chain growth uniformly over the 7.5-hour reaction until gravimetric solids reach exactly 60.0% monomer conversion (23.5% bound styrene in copolymer).
- Inject the SDD/DEHA short-stop solution to terminate all radicals, flash-strip unreacted 1,3-butadiene and vacuum-steam-strip unreacted styrene, add 1.25 phm non-staining hindered phenolic/phosphite antioxidant emulsion, and coagulate the crumb rubber at pH 4.2 using sodium chloride brine + dilute sulfuric acid.
- Dewater and dry the SBR 1502 crumb at 70 °C: verify raw Mooney Viscosity ML(1+4) at 100 °C (ASTM D1646) = 50.5 MU, toluene macro-gel content = 0.0% (100% soluble in toluene!), number-average molecular weight Mn = 115,000 g/mol, and Mw = 385,000 g/mol.

EXAMPLE 4: POTENTIOMETRIC SILVER NITRATE TITRATION (ASTM D3227) AND GC ASSAY FOR TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM) QUALITY CONTROL

Purpose: To perform incoming quality control verification of Active Mercaptan Sulfur Content (% w/w as S per ASTM D3227 / ISO 3012) and GC isomer purity on a shipment of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) from Ataman Kimya.
Laboratory analytical procedure:
- Step 1 (Potentiometric Mercaptan Sulfur Titration per ASTM D3227): Prepare an oxygen-free alcoholic sodium acetate titration solvent by dissolving 13.6 g of sodium acetate trihydrate in 50 mL of oxygen-free deionized water and diluting to 1,000 mL with anhydrous isopropanol (purged with nitrogen for 15 minutes to prevent in-situ thiol oxidation during titration!). Accurately weigh 0.1200 to 0.1500 g of the Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) sample into a titration beaker containing 100 mL of the de-aerated alcoholic sodium acetate solvent. Immerse a glass reference electrode and a polished silver/silver-sulfide (Ag / Ag2S) indicating electrode connected to an automatic potentiometric titrator, and titrate under a nitrogen blanket with standardized 0.1000 N alcoholic Silver Nitrate (AgNO3) solution:
  tert-C12H25-SH + AgNO3 + CH3COONa  --->  tert-C12H25-S-Ag (insoluble yellow-white silver mercaptide precipitate) + NaNO3 + CH3COOH
  Record the sharp inflection endpoint potential (around -150 to -50 mV) and calculate Mercaptan Sulfur (% w/w as S) = [ (V_AgNO3 in mL x N_AgNO3 x 3.2065) / Sample Weight in g ]. Verify that Mercaptan Sulfur is strictly within 15.40% to 16.00% w/w (theoretical 15.84% w/w).
- Step 2 (Gas Chromatography Isomer Cluster & Disulfide Check): Inject 0.5 microliters (split 50:1) onto a 30 m x 0.25 mm DB-5 capillary GC column (injector 250 °C, oven 80 °C to 280 °C at 10 °C/min, FID or Sulfur Chemiluminescence Detector): verify that the characteristic C12 tertiary mercaptan isomer cluster elutes between 8.5 and 11.5 minutes with a summed area >= 98.5% (typical >= 99.0%) and that any late-eluting C24 di-tert-dodecyl disulfide peak is <= 0.30% area.

COMPATIBILITY AND INCOMPATIBILITY OF TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM)

- Compatible Monomers, Solvents, and Equipment Materials:
  - Monomers & Solvents: Completely miscible with styrene, alpha-methylstyrene, divinylbenzene, 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, chloroprene, acrylonitrile, methyl methacrylate, butyl/ethyl/2-ethylhexyl acrylates, vinyl acetate, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons (hexane, cyclohexane, toluene, xylene, mineral spirits), alcohols (isopropanol, ethanol, butanol), ketones (acetone, MEK), and esters.
  - Recommended Equipment Materials of Construction: Stainless steel (304 and 316L are the preferred materials for zero discoloration and zero catalytic oxidation), aluminum, glass-lined steel, baked phenolic-epoxy lined steel, PTFE (Teflon), Viton (FKM), and high-density polyethylene (HDPE, for short-term contact). Carbon steel is acceptable for dry bulk storage under a dry nitrogen blanket, though trace moisture + air on carbon steel can form iron rust that catalyzes disulfide oxidation and darkens color.
- Chemical and Material Incompatibilities:
  - Strong Oxidizing Agents, Halogens, and Nitric Acid (Exothermic Reaction Hazard!): Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) reacts vigorously and exothermically with strong oxidizers—including concentrated nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide (> 10%), sodium/calcium hypochlorite (bleach), permanganates, chlorates, peroxides (do not pre-mix neat TDM directly with concentrated organic peroxides like MEKP or BPO in the same small container—always dilute both into the monomer phase separately!), and elemental chlorine/bromine.
  - Copper, Brass, Bronze, Lead, and Silver Alloys: NEVER use copper, brass, bronze, or silver fittings, gauges, or tubing with Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM)! Thiols react rapidly with copper and silver to form yellow/black metal mercaptide sludges that corrode the fitting and contaminate the monomer feed.
  - Unsuitable Elastomers & Plastics: Swells and softens natural rubber, SBR, EPDM, butyl rubber, silicone rubber, and unplasticized PVC; always specify PTFE, Kalrez, or Viton gaskets and seals.

TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM, CAS 25103-58-6) AND NORMAL DODECYL MERCAPTAN (NDM / 1-DODECANETHIOL, CAS 112-55-0)

Normal Dodecyl Mercaptan (NDM, CH3(CH2)11SH, MW 202.40 g/mol) is the unbranched linear C12 primary thiol isomer of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM). Because the primary -SH group of NDM is completely unhindered, NDM has a much higher chain transfer constant in styrene (C_tr ~ 15 to 19 versus ~1.8 to 3.2 for TDM) and a much higher freezing point (-7 °C for NDM versus <= -45 °C for TDM). Consequently, in emulsion SBR, X-SBR latex, and ABS polymerizations, NDM is consumed too rapidly during the first 25% of the batch and freezes in winter transfer lines, whereas Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) reacts uniformly across the entire conversion cycle and stays liquid down to -45 °C! (NDM is preferred mainly in fast bulk PMMA sheet casting and linear thioether antioxidant synthesis.)

TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM, CAS 25103-58-6) AND TERT-NONYL MERCAPTAN (TNM, CAS 25360-10-5) / OCTYL MERCAPTAN

tert-Nonyl Mercaptan (TNM, C9H20S, MW 160.32 g/mol) has a shorter C9 alkyl chain, higher water solubility, faster aqueous diffusion rate in emulsion polymerization, and a lower boiling point (185–205 °C) with a stronger, more volatile odor than Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM). TNM is occasionally used in fast low-temperature acrylic or specialty latex recipes where rapid aqueous diffusion is needed, whereas Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is the global workhorse due to its lower volatility, higher flash point (92–98 °C), and balanced diffusion kinetics in SBR and ABS.

TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM, CAS 25103-58-6) AND 2-MERCAPTOETHANOL / THIOGLYCOLIC ACID ESTERS (EHTG / IOTG)

Water-soluble thiols (like 2-mercaptoethanol or 3-mercaptopropionic acid) and mercaptoacetate esters (like 2-ethylhexyl thioglycolate EHTG or isooctyl thioglycolate IOTG) are used to synthesize low-molecular-weight water-soluble polycarboxylate superplasticizers and solution acrylics. However, in hydrophobic diene/styrenic emulsion polymerizations (SBR, X-SBR, NBR, ABS), water-soluble thiols react prematurely in the aqueous phase and thioglycolate esters hydrolyze at alkaline pH—making hydrolytically indestructible, monomer-soluble Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) the mandatory chain transfer agent.

QUALITY GRADES, QUALITY CONTROL AND PURCHASING CRITERIA FOR TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM)

Ataman Kimya supplies Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) in high-purity Polymerization Grade tailored to international synthetic rubber and latex plant specifications:
- Polymerization & Chemical Synthesis Grade Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) (Sulfole 120 / Pennfloat M Equivalent):
  Features GC C12 Tertiary Mercaptan Purity >= 98.5% w/w (typical >= 99.0%), Active Mercaptan Sulfur (ASTM D3227) 15.4% to 16.0% w/w (typical 15.6%–15.8%), Disulfide Content <= 0.3%–0.5% w/w, Karl Fischer Moisture <= 0.03%–0.05% w/w, Color <= 15 APHA, Specific Gravity (20/20 °C) 0.855 to 0.865 g/cm3, and Pour Point <= -45 °C.

STORAGE AND HANDLING OF TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM)

- Commercial Packaging Formats from Ataman Kimya:
  - 170 kg or 175 kg net tight-head (closed-top) steel drums (internally baked phenolic-epoxy lined or stainless/passivated steel, fitted with PTFE/Viton bung gaskets and purged with dry nitrogen, 4 drums per pallet = 680 to 700 kg net).
  - 850 kg net Intermediate Bulk Containers (stainless-steel IBCs or fluorinated/permeation-barrier HDPE IBCs in galvanized steel cages with Viton bottom valves).
  - 18,000 to 20,000 kg net bulk stainless-steel (304/316L) ISO tank containers equipped with dry-disconnect vapor-recovery couplings and nitrogen blanketing.
- Storage Conditions, Odor Control, and Shelf Life:
  - Store Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) in tightly sealed original containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated indoor warehouse below +30 °C, away from direct sunlight, heat sources, open flames, and strong oxidizing agents or organic peroxides.
  - Blanket bulk tanks and partially emptied drums with dry nitrogen gas to prevent air oxidation to inactive disulfides.
  - Keep an odor-decontamination kit nearby (containing 5%–10% aqueous sodium hypochlorite bleach or 5% hydrogen peroxide + 1% nonionic surfactant solution and activated carbon / vermiculite absorbent) to neutralize any trace drips on couplings immediately.
  - Shelf Life: Minimum 24 to 36 months (2 to 3 years) from date of manufacture when stored unopened under nitrogen below +30 °C.
- Transport Classification (ADR / RID / ADN / IMDG / IATA-DGR):
  - Flash Point Note: Because the closed-cup flash point of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is 90 to 98 °C (> 60 °C), it is NOT a Class 3 flammable liquid!
  - Environmental / Marine Pollutant Classification: Due to its high hydrophobicity (log Kow ~ 6.0) and chronic aquatic toxicity in low-solubility water-accommodated fraction tests, under updated EU CLP / REACH and ADR/IMDG dossiers, Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is classified and transported either as UN 3082, ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, LIQUID, N.O.S. (contains tert-dodecanethiol), Class 9, Packing Group III, Marine Pollutant (or Aviation Regulated Liquid UN 3334 under IATA when shipped by air due to strong odor); always consult the lot-specific Ataman Kimya SDS Section 14.

FIRST AID MEASURES AND SAFETY INFORMATION FOR TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM)

- Toxicological and Workplace Hygiene Profile:
  - Acute Mammalian Toxicity: Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) exhibits low acute oral, dermal, and inhalation toxicity in animal studies: Rat Acute Oral LD50 = 2,150 to > 5,000 mg/kg bw; Rabbit Acute Dermal LD50 > 2,000 mg/kg bw; Rat 4-Hour Vapor Inhalation LC50 > 1.97 to 12.0 mg/L (no mortality at saturated room-temperature vapor concentration).
  - Skin irritation & Sensitization (GHS / EU CLP): Prolonged or repeated contact with undiluted Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) causes skin irritation (Skin Irrit. 2, H315) and may cause an allergic skin reaction in sensitized individuals (Skin Sens. 1B, H317). Causes mild eye irritation (redness, watering).
  - Odor vs. Toxicity: Although the repulsive sulfurous odor of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is detectable at 1 to 5 parts per billion (0.001 to 0.005 ppm), high vapor concentrations in unventilated spaces can cause olfactory fatigue (loss of smell sensitivity), headache, nausea, and upper respiratory irritation. Maintain good local exhaust ventilation (recommended workplace guideline: <= 0.5 ppm TWA).

- Spill Decontamination & Odor Neutralization Procedure:
  - Never wash a spill of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) into public sewers or waterways! Contain the spill with dry sand, vermiculite, or activated carbon pads.
  - To eliminate residual mercaptan odor on floors, tools, or empty drums, treat the surface with an oxidizing deodorizing solution consisting of dilute aqueous Sodium Hypochlorite (3% to 5% household bleach solution) or 5% Hydrogen Peroxide + 2% liquid dish detergent surfactant (which emulsifies the hydrophobic thiol and oxidizes the -SH group into odorless sulfonic acid salts / disulfides within minutes; note: never mix concentrated bleach directly with bulk pure TDM, as the reaction is strongly exothermic—use bleach/peroxide solution only to wash down trace film residues after bulk liquid absorption!).

- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) & First Aid:
  - Wear chemical splash goggles (EN 166), impervious Viton (FKM), butyl rubber, or thick nitrile/neoprene gloves (EN 374), and protective work clothing. When disconnecting hoses or handling open containers, wear a half-mask or full-face respirator fitted with organic vapor + acid gas cartridges (EN 14387 Type ABEK-P2 or Type A-B).
  - Inhalation: Move the affected person to fresh air immediately; seek medical attention if headache, nausea, or respiratory discomfort persists.
  - Skin Contact: Immediately remove contaminated clothing (place in a sealed plastic bag and wash with bleach/detergent to remove odor) and wash skin thoroughly with plenty of soap and running water for 15 minutes; seek medical advice if skin rash or irritation develops.
  - Eye Contact: Flush eyes with lukewarm running water for at least 15 minutes while holding eyelids open; consult an ophthalmologist if irritation persists.
  - Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting! Rinse mouth with water and seek immediate medical attention.

WHAT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED WHEN PURCHASING TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM)?

 Verify Active Mercaptan Sulfur Assay (15.4% to 16.0% w/w as S per ASTM D3227) and Low Disulfide Content (<= 0.3%–0.5% w/w) on the Certificate of Analysis: Because only the unoxidized -SH group acts as a Chain Transfer Agent in SBR, X-SBR, NBR, and ABS polymerizations, confirming full Mercaptan Sulfur titer guarantees exact Mooney viscosity and gel-content control without batch-to-batch recipe adjustments.
Check Color (<= 15 APHA) and Moisture (<= 0.03%–0.05% w/w) for Optical & Engineering Polymers: When producing crystal-clear SAN, PMMA, GPPS, or bright-white ABS and SBR 1502, water-white Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) free of iron or disulfide yellowing is essential.

 Specify Closed-Top Nitrogen-Blanketed Steel Drums (170–175 kg) or Stainless-Steel IBCs/ISO Tanks with Vapor-Tight Seals: Because Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) has a low odor threshold (~1 ppb) and low density (0.858 g/cm3), ensure packaging is fitted with PTFE or Viton bung gaskets and unloaded using closed-loop dry-disconnect couplings.
 Confirm Copper-Free Plant Transfer Lines: Verify that all plant metering pumps, mass flowmeters, check valves, and injection nozzles in the TDM line are constructed of 316L stainless steel, PTFE, or Viton—with zero copper or brass wetted parts.

TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM) SUPPLY FROM ATAMAN KİMYA

 Ataman Kimya supplies high-purity Polymerization-Grade Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) (tert-Dodecanethiol, CAS 25103-58-6, EC 246-619-1, GC purity >= 98.5%–99.2% w/w, Mercaptan Sulfur 15.4%–16.0% w/w, color <= 15 APHA, moisture <= 0.05% w/w, pour point <= -45 °C) in 170–175 kg nitrogen-blanketed steel drums, IBC totes, and bulk stainless-steel ISO tank containers.
 Every shipment of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) from Ataman Kimya is accompanied by a batch-specific Certificate of Analysis (CoA) verifying ASTM D3227 Mercaptan Sulfur content, GC purity, disulfide level, specific gravity (0.858 g/cm3), refractive index (1.459–1.462), APHA color, and Karl Fischer moisture, together with EU REACH / CLP and Turkish KKDIK compliant Safety Data Sheets.

 For synthetic rubber (E-SBR, NBR) and synthetic latex (X-SBR, Styrene-Acrylic, Acrylic) manufacturers, Ataman Kimya offers a complete polymerization chemical portfolio alongside Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM)—including Styrene Monomer, Acrylonitrile, Butyl/Ethyl/2-Ethylhexyl Acrylates, Acrylic & Itaconic Acids, TBC Inhibitor, Disproportionated Rosin Soaps, Anionic & Nonionic Emulsifiers (SLS, SLES, SDBS, Naphthalene Sulfonate Condensates, TERGITOL NP-30), Persulfate & Hydroperoxide Initiators, SFS Redox Activators, and Short-Stop Agents.
 For surfactant, lubricant additive, and mining flotation formulators, Ataman Kimya provides reliable drum, IBC, and ISO-tank deliveries of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) from our logistics hubs in Türkiye across Europe, the Middle East, Central Asia, and North Africa.
 Ataman Kimya's technical specialists support R&D and polymerization engineers with sample evaluation quantities of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) and closed-loop safe-handling guidance.

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM)

 What is the exact role of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) in free-radical polymerization?
Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) (CAS 25103-58-6, C12H26S) is a Chain Transfer Agent (CTA) and molecular weight regulator ("modifier"). During the free-radical polymerization of SBR, X-SBR latex, NBR, ABS, SAN, HIPS, and acrylics, TDM donates its sulfhydryl (-SH) hydrogen atom to terminate growing polymer chains at the desired molecular weight and prevent runaway cross-linking ("macro-gel"), while the resulting tert-dodecylthiyl radical (t-C12H25-S·) immediately initiates a new monomer chain without slowing down the polymerization rate!

 Why is Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) preferred over Normal Dodecyl Mercaptan (NDM, CAS 112-55-0) in SBR, X-SBR latex, and ABS production?
There are two decisive reasons: (1) Linear NDM has an excessively high chain transfer constant in styrene (C_tr ~ 15 to 19), causing it to be consumed too quickly during the first 25% of polymerization and leaving the rest of the batch un-modified, whereas branched Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) has a balanced C_tr (~1.8 to 3.2) that matches its micellar diffusion rate for uniform consumption from 0% to 85%+ conversion; and (2) Linear NDM freezes into a solid at -7 °C in winter pipes, whereas multi-isomer Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) stays liquid down to -45 °C!

 How is Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) manufactured industrially, and why is it a mixture of isomers?
Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) is synthesized by the acid-catalyzed addition of anhydrous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) across the double bonds of branched C12 olefin oligomers—specifically propylene tetramer (tetrapropylene) or isobutylene trimer (triisobutylene). Because the starting C12 olefin is a branched isomer mixture and carbocation rearrangement places the -SH group on tertiary carbons, the distilled product is a liquid mixture of C12 tertiary alkanethiol isomers (all having the exact formula C12H26S and MW 202.40 g/mol), which prevents crystallization down to -45 °C.

 How does Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) control the "gel content" of paper-coating and carpet-backing X-SBR latex?
In Carboxylated Styrene-Butadiene (X-SBR) latex, polymerization is run to > 99% monomer conversion at 75–88 °C. At high conversion, macroradicals attack backbone butadiene double bonds to create internal crosslinks (micro-gel). By tuning the dosage of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) between 0.30 and 0.85 phm in the monomer feed, latex producers dial in the exact toluene/THF gel percentage (e.g., 65%–70% gel for offset paper coatings or 75%–85% gel for carpet backing) to balance film coalescence and cohesive strength.

 What is the theoretical and commercial Mercaptan Sulfur content of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM)?
Pure C12H26S (MW 202.40 g/mol) contains 1 atomic weight of sulfur (32.065 g/mol) per molecule, giving a theoretical Mercaptan Sulfur content of 15.84% w/w (or 16.34% w/w expressed as the -SH group). Commercial Polymerization-Grade Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) from Ataman Kimya is guaranteed at 15.4% to 16.0% w/w Mercaptan Sulfur by ASTM D3227 potentiometric silver nitrate titration.

 Why do standard 200-liter steel drums of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) weigh 170 to 175 kg net?
Because Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) has a branched aliphatic hydrocarbon structure, its liquid density at 20 °C is 0.858 g/cm3 (much lighter than water at 1.000 g/cm3). Therefore, a standard 200-liter steel drum filled with proper thermal expansion headspace holds 170 to 175 kg net of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM).

 Is Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) a flammable liquid?
No. Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) has a high boiling range (227 to 248 °C) and a Pensky-Martens Closed-Cup Flash Point of 90 to 98 °C (well above the 60 °C threshold for Class 3 flammable liquids), classifying it as a non-flammable Class IIIB combustible liquid.

 How should trace spills or equipment odors of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) be deodorized in the plant?
After absorbing any bulk liquid with dry sand, vermiculite, or activated carbon, wash contaminated floors, tools, or empty couplings with a dilute oxidizing detergent solution consisting of 3% to 5% aqueous Sodium Hypochlorite (household bleach) or 5% Hydrogen Peroxide mixed with 1%–2% nonionic dish detergent surfactant. The oxidizing solution rapidly converts malodorous -SH groups into odorless sulfonate salts and disulfides.

 Which metals and gasket materials must be avoided when designing a Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) dosing line?
Never use copper, brass, bronze, lead, or silver alloys (which corrode and form metal mercaptide sludges), and avoid natural rubber, SBR, EPDM, or PVC gaskets (which swell in TDM). Construct all TDM storage tanks, pumps, mass flowmeters, and injection lines from 304/316L stainless steel, PTFE (Teflon), and Viton (FKM).

 Why must Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) never be pre-mixed directly with concentrated organic peroxides in the same small feed pot?
Mercaptans (R-SH) undergo rapid, strongly exothermic redox reactions with concentrated hydroperoxides or diacyl peroxides (such as Cumene Hydroperoxide, MEKP, or Benzoyl Peroxide), which can cause runaway heating or ignition if mixed neat. In polymerization recipes, always dissolve Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) into the bulk monomer feed stream and feed the peroxide initiator through a separate nozzle!

TERTIARY DODECYL MERCAPTAN (TDM) – TECHNICAL SUMMARY

Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) (tert-Dodecanethiol, tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan, t-DDM, Sulfole 120, CAS 25103-58-6, EC 246-619-1, C12H26S, MW 202.40 g/mol) is the global benchmark branched C12 tertiary alkanethiol Chain Transfer Agent (CTA) and molecular weight regulator for free-radical polymerization and specialty chemical synthesis. Combining a verified 15.4% to 16.0% w/w active Mercaptan Sulfur content, water-white clarity (<= 15 APHA), low viscosity (~2.8 mPa·s at 20 °C), ultra-low pour point (<= -45 °C), high closed-cup flash point (90 to 98 °C), and a balanced chain transfer constant (C_tr ~ 1.8 to 3.2) that matches emulsion micellar diffusion kinetics, Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM) delivers uniform chain-length regulation and macro-gel prevention across Cold & Hot Emulsion Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (E-SBR), Carboxylated Styrene-Butadiene Latex (X-SBR for paper coating and carpet backing), Nitrile Rubber (NBR), ABS & SAN Engineering Thermoplastics, EPS/HIPS Polystyrene, Acrylic Resins, Ethoxylated Thioether Nonionic Surfactants, Extreme-Pressure Lubricant Additives, and Mining Sulfide Ore Flotation Collectors. For technical data sheets, ASTM D3227 CoA verification, sample evaluation requests, or bulk drum, IBC, and ISO-tank quotations for Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (TDM), contact Ataman Kimya:

Ataman Chemicals
Phone: +90 216 577 10 10
Email: info@atamankimya.com