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Orthosilicic acid = Tetraethyl ester = Silicon tetraethoxide = TEOS = Tetraethyl silicate = Tetraethoxysilane = Tetraethoxysilicon(IV) = Dynasil A = Silicic acid (H4SiO4) = Tetraethyl o-silicate
CAS Number: 78-10-4
Molecular Weight: 208.33
Beilstein: 1422225
Beilstein: 80810
EC Number: 204-276-5
EC Number: 201-083-8
EC Number: 205-702-2
MDL number: MFCD00064318
MDL number: MFCD00009062
MDL number: MFCD00149072
PubChem Substance ID: 24848033
PubChem Substance ID: 24848042
NACRES: NA.23
General description
Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) is an inorganic material that can be used as a silica source for the synthesis of silica-based materials such as silicon dioxide, silicon oxycarbides, silanol, siloxane polymer, and organosilicon thin films for a variety of applications.
Silicon tetraethoxide can also be used in the synthesis of blended membranes, and the production of aerogel.
Other applications include coatings for carpets and other objects.
Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) is an ester of orthosilicic acid, which exists in small amounts in nature wherever silica is in contact with water.
The ester is also known by several other names, including ethyl silicate (which is somewhat ambiguous), silicon tetraethoxide, and tetraethoxysilane.
In a landmark paper published in 1928, A. W. Dearing and E. Emmet Reid* at Johns Hopkins University (Baltimore) reported improved syntheses of various alkyl orthosilicates.
TEOS was obtained in 70% yield by slowly adding silicon tetrachloride (SiCl4) to cold anhydrous ethanol, followed by removing byproduct hydrogen chloride with a stream of dry air.
The reaction system must be rigorously free of water because even though TEOS is only slightly soluble in water, it hydrolyzes to form silica and ethanol.
The reaction is the basis of modern TEOS production.
TEOS has multiple specialty uses, including stone hardening (which arrests the decay of structures and art objects), mortar and cement manufacture, and cross-linking silicone polymers.
Tetraethyl Orthosilicate is a clear, colourless liquid that is pure and has low alcohol content.
Tetraethyl silicate is primarily used in the pharmaceutical industry.
Some of its major applications are as a cross-linking agent, release controlling polymer and as a precursor to prepare silica xerogel which is used as a drug carrier in NDDS formulations.
Tetraethyl orthosilicate is commonly used as a precursor to prepare xerogel: Tetraethyl orthosilicate will interact with dodecylamine in the formation of intercalation compounds of H(+)-magadiite(3) and is used in a study of mixed-metal bioactive glasses.
We supply highly processed range of Tetra Ethyl Ortho Silicate which is highly acclaimed for its low toxicity and accurate composition.
Tetraethoxysilane is effectively used as silicone room temperature vulcanizing of cross linking agents.
Moreover, This Tetraethyl Orthosilicate used as binders in:
-Paints
-Coatings
-Precision castings
-Ceramic
Tetraethyl orthosilicate is the major chemical compound with the formula Si(OC2H5)4.
Often abbreviated TEOS, this molecule consists of four ethyl groups attached to SiO44- ion, which is called orthosilicate.
As an ion in solution, orthosilicate does not exist.
Alternatively TEOS can be considered to be the ethyl ester of orthosilicic acid, Si(OH)4.
Silicon tetraethoxide is a prototypical alkoxide.
Tetraethyl orthosilicate,- abbreviated TEOS, is the chemical compound with the formula Si(OC2H5)4.
Tetraethylorthosilicate is primary used as chemical intermediate and as adhesion promoter in coatings.
Tetraethylorthosilicate is flammable and causes serious eye and respiratory irritation.
It may be harmful if inhaled.
Tetraethylorthosilicate should not enter surface water and soil
Application
Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) can be used:
As a reagent along with ferric chloride in the synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones.
As a modifier in fabrication of humidity sensing material, poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonate) (poly-AMPS).
As a medium to synthesize triarylamines and diaryl ethers via copper catalyzed, ligand free-Ullmann reaction.
As a precursor for the preparation of silica xerogel which finds application in pharmaceutical drug carriers.
As a precursor for the synthesis of spherical silica particles by Stober process.
Tetraethyl Orthosilicate is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry and specially for application in Topical products (i.e. Transdermal patches). Following are few of the major applications,
-Cross linking agent
-Release controlling polymer
-Use as a precursor to prepare silica xerogel (which is used as a drug carrier in NDDS formulations)
Tetraethylorthosilicate is used as a chemical intermediate in the production of other fine chemicals and in the industrial manufacturing of silicates.
The substance is used as a monomer in the production of polysiloxane polymers and other silicone polymers or co-polymers.
The use of Tetraethylorthosilicate in coatings is intended to improve bonding or adhesion between organic polymers and mineral surfaces, such aspigments, fillers, and glass or metal substrates.
Tetraethoxysilicon(IV) is used as active ingredient in water-repellent treatments for external masonry surfaces by the construction industry.
Tetraethylorthosilicate is used in water-based decorative coating products.
During application, the alkoxysilane undergoes cross-linking with coating constituents and the treated surface and there is no potential for consumer exposure from coated articles.
Tetraethylorthosilicate is used as cross-linking agent and adhesion promoter in commercially-available silicone sealant products.
Catalyst for enantioselective reduction of ketones.
Ligand used in TLC resolution of amino acids.
Synthon for dolaproine and related diastereomers.
Commonly used as a precursor to prepare xerogel.
Will interact with dodecylamine in the formation of intercalation compounds of H+-magadiite and used in a study of mixed-metal bioactive glasses.
TEOS is mainly used as a crosslinking agent in silicone polymers and as a precursor to silicon dioxide in the semiconductor industry.
TEOS is also used as the silica source for synthesis of some zeolites.
Other applications include coatings for carpets and other objects.
TEOS is used in the production of aerogel.
These applications exploit the reactivity of the Si-OR bonds.
TEOS has historically been used as an additive to alcohol based rocket fuels to decrease the heat flux to the chamber wall of regeneratively cooled engines by over 50%.
Tetraethyl silicate is used as a preservative for stone, brick, concrete, and plaster.
TETRAETHYL ORTHOSİLİCATE is used in water, weather- and acid-proofing processes, heat- and chemical-resistant paints, and protective coatings.
In weatherproofing and for hardening stone, arresting decay and disintegration; in mfr of weatherproof and acid-proof mortars and cements; in the "lost wax" process for casting of high-melting alloys.
Weatherproof and acid-proof mortar and cements, refractory bricks, other molded objects, heat-resistant paints, chemical-resistant paints, protective coatings for industrial buildings and castings, lacquers, bonding agent intermediate.
Used in ceramic processing
TEOS is mainly used as a crosslinking agent in silicone polymers.
Other applications include coatings for carpets and other objects.
These applications exploit the reactivity of the Si-OR bonds.
Commonly used as a precursor to prepare xerogel
TEOS is majorly used as a silicon source in the synthesis of silicon oxide which can be further used in a variety of optoelectronics based applications. It can also be used in the formation of hybrid coatings for potential usage in corrosion protection.
Will interact with dodecylamine in the formation of intercalation compounds of H+-magadiite and used in a study of mixed-metal bioactive glasses.
Source by hydrolysis of SiO2 and sol-gel derived glasses.
Intermediate for silica spheres with controlled dimensions.
T 1400 (OTTO) Tetraethyl orthosilicate, 99% Cas 78-10-4 - used as the silica source for synthesis of some zeolites.
Other applications include coatings for carpets and other objects.
Ethyl silicate is also known as Tetraethyl orthosilicate,colorless, transparent liquid with special smell.
Stable under the condition of anhydrous, when encountering water, it decomposes into ethanol and silicic acid, cloudy in moist air, soluble in alcohol, ether and other organic solvents.
Tetraethoxysilane is prepared by distillation after the reaction of silicon tetrachloride with ethanol.
TETRAETHYL ORTHOSİLİCATE is used for producing heat and chemical resistant coatings and preparing silicone solvent, can also be used in organic synthesis, the basic raw material for preparing advanced crystal, used as optical glass processing agent, binders, insulation materials for electronics industry, etc.
Ethyl silicate itself is not able to bind, if ethyl silicate is used as refractories binding agents, it must be hydrolyzed before use.
TEOS hydrolysis reactions under conditions of water only is very slow, if that is under catalytic action of acid (H +) or base (OH-) catalysis, hydrolysis rate is greatly accelerated.
Hydrochloric acid is generally used as a catalyst, as if alkali is as a catalyst, hydrolytic gel will happen soon in hydrolysis solution, leaving the hydrolytic sol destabilized, and thus lose the ability to bind, ethyl silicate hydrolysis under acid catalysis is as follows:
The hydrolysis is essentially the ethoxy (C2H5O-)of ethyl silicate is substituent by hydroxyl (-OH) of water, with the result that ethyl silicate (Si4-OC2H5) converted into a silanol group (Si4-OH).
Silanol are highly active, can continue to conduct acid exchange reaction or etherification reaction with other silicic acid ethyl or silanols.
However, the extent of the hydrolysis reaction is carried out by a certain control, to form a stable hydrolyzate of ethyl silicate.
Otherwise, the results of continuous reaction will form a body polyorganosiloxane and lose stability, it becomes insoluble gel, thus lose workability.
Stability of ethyl silicate hydrolyzate is adjusted mainly by adding acid or base.
When the pH is between 1.5 and 2.5, the gel occurs for a longer time, hydrolyzate is most stable.
Lower or higher than this range, hydrolysis prone to gel, the pH is 5-6, the hydrolyzate prone to gel and is most unstable.
Thus, the general hydrolyzate should be controlled between 2.0 and 2.5, in order to maintain its stability to maintain a certain working time (the time of construction or molding) after mixed with refractory material.
Ethyl silicate hydrolyzate can be used as die casting refractory binding agents, also binding agents for clay, high alumina, corundum, containing zircon, mullite, silicon carbide and castable products.
The above information is edited by the chemicalbook of Yan Yanyong.
TEOS is a liquid at room temperature, with a vapor pressure of about 1.5 Torr.
TEOS slowly hydrolyzes into silicon dioxide and ethanol when in contact with ambient moisture, but its flammability and toxicity are similar to that of an alcohol.
To produce the vapor for use in processing, one may use a bubbler or a liquid injection system.
In both cases, temperatures above room temperature are usually used to increase the TEOS partial pressure; thus it becomes necessary to heat the gas lines to prevent condensation therein.
If a bubbler is used, it is important to ensure that the carrier gas is free of moisture; otherwise the slow accumulation of polymerized products in the TEOS reservoir will cause a decrease in vapor pressure and drift in process characteristics.
For low chamber pressures (<10 Torr), the vapor over warm TEOS liquid can be metered directly through a heated low-pressure mass-flow controller.
The key to understanding the difference between TEOS and silane is to note that in TEOS the silicon atom is already oxidized: the conversion of TEOS to silicon dioxide is essentially a rearrangement rather than an oxidation reaction, with much reduced changes in free enthalpy and free energy.
This hydrolysis reaction is an example of a sol-gel process. The side product is ethanol.
The reaction proceeds via a series of condensation reactions that convert the TEOS molecule into a mineral-like solid via the formation of Si-O-Si linkages.
Rates of this conversion are sensitive to the presence of acids and bases, both of which serve as catalysts.
Tetraethylorthosilicate is one of numerous organo-metallic compounds sold by American Elements under the trade name AE Organo-Metallics™ for uses requiring non-aqueous solubility such as recent solar energy and water treatment applications.
Similar results can sometimes also be achieved with Nanoparticles and by thin film deposition.
Note American Elements additionally supplies many materials as solutions.
Tetraethylorthosilicate is generally immediately available in most volumes.
High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.
Additional technical, research and safety information is available.
Chemical Properties of TEOS
Ethyl silicate is a flammable, colourless liquid with a mild, sweet, alcohol-like odour.
Exposure to ethyl silicate can occur through inhalation, ingestion, and eye or skin contact.
Ethyl silicate is practically insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol, and slightly soluble in benzene.
About Silicon tetraethoxide
Helpful information
Silicon tetraethoxide is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.
Silicon tetraethoxide is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Consumer Uses of Orthosilicic acid tetraethyl ester
This substance is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants, coating products and fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay.
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use and outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives).
Article service life
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal) and of articles where the substances are not intended to be released and where the conditions of use do not promote release.
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).
This substance can be found in products with material based on: stone, plaster, cement, glass or ceramic (e.g. dishes, pots/pans, food storage containers, construction and isolation material), metal (e.g. cutlery, pots, toys, jewellery) and plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones).
Widespread uses by professional workers
TETRAETHYL ORTHOSİLİCATE is used in the following products: coating products, adhesives and sealants, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and laboratory chemicals.
TETRAETHYL ORTHOSİLİCATE is used in the following areas: building & construction work, scientific research and development and formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
TETRAETHYL ORTHOSİLİCATE is used for the manufacture of: mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement) and rubber TETRAETHYL ORTHOSİLİCATEs.
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and in the production of articles.
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives).
Formulation or re-packing
TETRAETHYL ORTHOSİLİCATE used in the following products: coating products, non-metal-surface treatment products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, adhesives and sealants, polymers and anti-freeze products.
This substance has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, formulation in materials, in the production of articles, as processing aid and as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use.
Uses at industrial sites
Silicon tetraethoxide is used in the following products: coating products, polymers, non-metal-surface treatment products, semiconductors, adhesives and sealants, laboratory chemicals, anti-freeze products, metal surface treatment products and fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay.
Silicon tetraethoxide has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Silicon tetraethoxide is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging and building & construction work.
Silicon tetraethoxide used for the manufacture of: chemicals, mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement), plastic products, rubber products, machinery and vehicles and electrical, electronic and optical equipment.
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), formulation of mixtures, as processing aid, as processing aid and for thermoplastic manufacture.
Manufacture
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the Silicon tetraethoxide, for thermoplastic manufacture, formulation of mixtures, in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid, as processing aid and of substances in closed systems with minimal release.
Uses of Tetraethyl orthosilicate
1. Tetraethyl orthosilicate is Used as insulating materials in electronic industry, also used for optical glass processing and used as coagulants.
2. For precision casting, as a sand binder.
Metal surface treated by ethyl silicate vapor can be anticorrosion and waterproof.
Ethyl silicate can be used to bleed on the metal surface of the silicon, processing optical glass can improve its light transmittance.
Fine silica powder produced by complete hydrolysis can be used to manufacture the phosphor.
Ethyl silicate is raw material for silicone oil. Ethyl silicate can also be used to manufacture heat-resistant, chemical-resistant coatings.
In Japan, 90% of ethyl silicate is used as an anti-corrosion coating (zinc-rich paint) base material.
3. Tetraethyl orthosilicate is Mainly used in chemical-resistant coatings and heat-resistant coatings, used as silicone solvent and precision-made binder.
Fine silica powder produced after complete hydrolysis, used for the manufacture of phosphor, also used as a chemical reagent.
4. Tetraethoxysilane is mainly used in optical glass, chemical resistant coatings and heat-resistant coatings and adhesives, modification for anti-corrosion coating, used as crosslinking agent, a binder, a dehydrating agent, used for manufacturing catalyst skeleton, high purity ultrafine silica.
5. Silicon tetraethoxide is used as Insulating materials in electronic industry, coatings, optical glass treatment agents, coagulants, used for organic synthesis, used as solvents for the preparation of organosilicon.
Production method: It is produced by esterification of silicon tetrachloride with ethanol at normal temperature and pressure.
Category: Flammable liquids.
Toxicity grading: Poisoning
Acute toxicity: Oral-rat LD50: 6270 mg/kg, Inhalation-rat LCL0: 85 g/cubic meter.
Stimulus data:Skin-rabbit 500 mg/24 hours moderate. Eyes-rabbit 500 mg/24 hours mild.
Explosive hazardous characteristics: Can be explosive mixed with air.
Flammability hazard characteristics: Combustible, fire toxic fumes of silicon oxide emissions.
Storage Characteristics Treasury ventilation low-temperature drying, stored separately from oxidants.
Extinguishing agent: Foam, powder, carbon dioxide, sand.
Occupational standards: TWA 85 mg/m³, STEL 170 mg/m³.
Chemical Properties: Ethyl silicate is a flammable, colourless liquid with a mild, sweet, alcohol-like odour.
Exposure to ethyl silicate can occur through inhalation, ingestion, and eye or skin contact. It is practically insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol, and slightly soluble in benzene.
Chemical Properties: Ethyl silicate is a flammable, colorless liquid with a mild, sweet, alcohol-like odor.
Exposure to ethyl silicate can occur through inhalation, ingestion, and eye or skin contact.
Silicon tetraethoxide is practically insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol, and slightly soluble in benzene.
Occupational workers are exposed to ethyl silicate at workplaces associated with the manufacture and transportation of ethyl silicate, during use as a bonding agent for industrial buildings and investment castings, ceramic shells, crucibles, refractory bricks, and other molded objects, as a protective coating for heatand chemical-resistant paints, lacquers, and fi lms, in the manufacture of protective and preservative coatings for protection from corrosion (primarily as a binder for zinc dust paints), chemicals, heat, scratches, and fi re. Workers are also exposed to the chemical substance in the production of silicones; as a chemical intermediate in the preparation of soluble silica; as a gelling agent in organic liquids, as a coating agent inside electric lamp bulbs, in the synthesis of fused quartz, and during industrial use in the textile industry in aqueous emulsions, deluster, and fi reproofi ng; as a component of lubricants; as a mold-release agent; and as a heat-resistant adhesive.
Chemical Properties: Ethyl silicate is a colorless, flammable liquid with a sharp odor detectable @ 85 ppm
Uses: Commonly used as a precursor to prepare xerogel1,2
Uses: Tetraethyl Orthosilicate is used in the preparation of antidreflective coatings on silicate glass via silicon dioxide. Crosslinking reagent.
Uses: In weatherproofing and hardening stone, arresting decay and disintegration; manufacture of weatherproof and acidproof mortars and cements.
In the "lost wax" process for casting of high-melting alloys.
Production Methods: Prepared from absolute alcohol and silicon tetrachloride.
General Description: A clear colorless liquid with a faint odor. Flash point 125°F. Less dense than water. Vapors are heavier than air.
Air & Water Reactions: Flammable. Practically insoluble in water. Reacts slowly with water to form silica and ethyl alcohol [Merck].
Reactivity Profile: Tetraethyl orthosilicate reacts exothermically with acids Strong oxidizing acids may cause a reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products.
May generate with caustic solutions.
May generate flammable hydrogen with alkali metals and hydrides.
PROPERTIES
Tetraethylorthosilicate is a liquid at standard temperature and pressure.
The substance is classified as flammable on the basis of flash point of 45°C.
Tetraethyl ester is not explosive and not oxidizing.
Specifications
Chemical Name or Material Tetraethyl orthosilicate
Density 0.9400g/mL
Melting Point -77.0°C
Flash Point 45°C
Infrared Spectrum Authentic
Linear Formula Si(OC2H5)4
Beilstein 01,334
Merck Index 15,3903
Synonymtetraethyl orthosilicate, tetraethoxysilane, teos, ethyl silicate, silicon ethoxide, silicon tetraethoxide, silane, tetraethoxy, dynasil a, tetraethoxysilicon, ethyl orthosilicate
Solubility Information Solubility in water: hydrolysis. Other solubilities: miscible with alcohol, hydrocarbons, aromatics,, esters, ketones,, slightly soluble in benzene
Specific Gravity 0.94
IUPAC Name tetraethyl silicate
PubChem CID 6517
Physical Form Liquid
Viscosity 0.75 mPa.s (20°C)
CAS 78-10-4
Color Undesignated
Boiling Point 166.0°C to 169.0°C
Assay Percent Range 1% max. Ethanol (GC)
Molecular Formula C8H20O4Si
MDL Number MFCD00009062
Packaging Glass bottle
Refractive Index 1.3820 to 1.3840
Quantity 100mL
InChI Key BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC
Molecular Weight (g/mol) 208.33
Formula Weight 208.33
Percent Purity 98%
Supplemental Information:This is classified as a Dangerous Good for transport and may be subject to additional shipping charges.
Experimental Physico-chemical Properties
Experimental Melting Point:
-85 °C Alfa Aesar
-86 °C OU Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details
-86 °C Jean-Claude Bradley Open Melting Point Dataset 16140
-82.5 °C Jean-Claude Bradley Open Melting Point Dataset 21205
-85 °C Jean-Claude Bradley Open Melting Point Dataset 8480
-85 °C Alfa Aesar 14082, 22967, 40251, A14965
285 °C Biosynth Q-201810
-77 °C LabNetwork (old) LN00175733
-118--116 °F (-83.3333--82.2222 °C) Wikidata Q421458
-117 °F (-82.7778 °C) Wikidata Q421458
-77 °C Strem 93-1454
Experimental Boiling Point:
168 °C Alfa Aesar
169 °C OU Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details
168 °C Alfa Aesar 14082, 22967, 40251, A14965
168 °C SynQuest
169 °C Oakwood S15425
168 °C (Literature) LabNetwork (old) LN00175733
168 °C SynQuest 6183-1-42
335-337 °F / 760 mmHg (168.3333-169.4444 °C / 760 mmHg) Wikidata Q421458
336 °F / 760 mmHg (168.8889 °C / 760 mmHg) Wikidata Q421458
168 °C Sigma-Aldrich SAJ-09-2460
165.8 °C Strem 93-1454
168 °C Oakwood S15425
Experimental Flash Point:
46 °C Alfa Aesar
39 °C OU Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details
46 °C Alfa Aesar
46 °F (7.7778 °C) Alfa Aesar 14082, 22967, 40251, A14965
48 °C SynQuest
46 °C Oakwood S15425
54 °C LabNetwork (old) LN00175733
48 °C SynQuest 6183-1-42
99 °F (37.2222 °C) Wikidata Q421458
98-100 °F (36.6667-37.7778 °C) Wikidata Q421458
116 °F (46.6667 °C) Strem 93-1454
45 °C Oakwood S15425
Experimental Refraction Index:
1.382 Alfa Aesar A14965, 40251, 22967, 14082
1.382 Sigma-Aldrich SAJ-09-2460
Experimental Density:
0.934 g/mL / 4 °C Merck Millipore 1940
0.932 g/mL / 20 °C Merck Millipore 800658
0.934 g/mL Alfa Aesar 14082, 22967, 40251, A14965
0.93 g/mL Matrix Scientific 076014
0.9335 g/mL Oakwood S15425
0.933 g/mL Fluorochem S15425
0.934 g/mL SynQuest 6183-1-42
0.93 g/mL Wikidata Q421458
Miscellaneous
Appearance: colourless liquid with an alcohol-like odour OU Chemical Safety Data
Stability: Stable.
Flammable.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents,water, alkalies, mineral acids. OU Chemical Safety Data
Toxicity:
ORL-RAT LD50 6270 mg kg-1 OU Chemical Safety Data
Chemical and Physical Properties
Computed Properties
Property Name Property Value Reference
Molecular Weight 208.33 Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2021.05.07)
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 0 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.05.07)
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 4 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.05.07)
Rotatable Bond Count 8 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.05.07)
Exact Mass 208.11308565 Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2021.05.07)
Monoisotopic Mass 208.11308565 Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2021.05.07)
Topological Polar Surface Area 36.9 Ų Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.05.07)
Heavy Atom Count 13 Computed by PubChem
Formal Charge 0 Computed by PubChem
Complexity 91.2 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.05.07)
Isotope Atom Count 0 Computed by PubChem
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0 Computed by PubChem
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0 Computed by PubChem
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0 Computed by PubChem
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0 Computed by PubChem
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 1 Computed by PubChem
Compound Is Canonicalized Yes Computed by PubChem (release 2021.05.07)
Tetraethyl orthosilicate Preparation Products And Raw materials
Raw materials: Tetrachlorosilane-->N-Butyltriethoxy Silane
Preparation Products: Photosensitive polyimide/SiO2 hybrid mate materials--> Phenyltriethoxysilane--> methyl block RTV silicone rubber adhesive QD-200 sersies--> Phenylmethyl chloroethoxysilane--> tris(Trimethylsilyloxy)silanol--> Tetrapropoxysilane--> 1,1-Diethoxybutane--> ISOBUTYRALDEHYDE DIETHYL ACETAL--> tetrahydroxysilane--> 1,1,3-TRIETHOXYPROPANE--> DIETHOXYDICHLOROSILANE
Product Specifications (In-house)
Particulars Limit
Appearance Clear colorless liquid
Identification by (ATR – FTIR) Infrared spectrum of test preparation should be concurrent with that of the TEOS reference standard or working standard preparation
Identification (By GC) The retention time of the main peak of the sample solution corresponds to that of the reference solution and exhibit only one major peak corresponding to TEOS
Assay (By GC) Not less than 98.0% w/w
Purity (By GC) Not less than 98.0%
Hydrolysable Chloride Less than 50 mg/kg
Ethanol Traces (by GC) Not more than 1.0%
Stability and Storage Conditions
Stable under recommended conditions.
Storage should be in accordance with all current regulations and standards.
Keep container tightly closed in a cool & dry area under inert atmosphere.
Keep away from incompatible substances.
Abstract
Tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS) is shown to be an effective reagent for direct amidation of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids with amines and anilines.
The amide products are obtained in good to quantitative yields in pure form directly after workup without the need for any further purification.
A silyl ester as the putative activated intermediate is observed by NMR methods
Amidations on a 1 mol scale are demonstrated with a favorable process mass intensity.
Physical Description
Ethyl silicate appears as a clear colorless liquid with a faint odor.
Flash point 125°F.
Less dense than water.
Vapors are heavier than air.
Storage and Shipping Information
Storage Store below +30°C.
Specifications
Color according to color reference solution Ph.Eur. colorless liquid
Assay (GC, area%) ≥ 99.0 % (a/a)
Density (d 20 °C/ 4 °C) 0.932 - 0.934
Identity (IR) passes test
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
Which document(s) contains shelf-life or expiration date information for a given product?
If available for a given product, the recommended re-test date or the expiration date can be found on the Certificate of Analysis.
How do I get lot-specific information or a Certificate of Analysis?
The lot specific COA document can be found by entering the lot number above under the "Documents" section.
Is anything else needed to use , Tetraethyl Orthosilicate in a hydrolysis reaction?
An acid or alkali catalyst is needed TETRAETHYL ORTHOSİLİCATE to do a hydrolysis reaction to free the silanol group for use.
What is the solubility of TETRAETHYL ORTHOSİLİCATE?
According to the 13th Edition of the chemicals encyclopedia published by the Royal Society of Chemistry, Tetraethyl Orthosilicate is practically insoluble in water and is slowly decomposed by it.
It is miscible with alcohol.
Tetraethyl orthosilicate is commonly used as a precursor to prepare xerogel. What is xerogel?
A xerogel is a solid formed from a gel by drying with unhindered shrinkage. Xerogel usually retains high porosity and large surfaced area, along with very small pore size.
How can I purify Tetraethyl Orthosilicate?
Fractionate through an 80cm Podbielniak type column with heated jacket and partial take-off head.
What is the freezing point of Tetraethyl Orthosilicate?
The freezing point is ~85°C.
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