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Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) belongs to the product group of organic titanates, which are known to be highly reactive organics that can be used in a broad range of processes and applications.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a colorless, slighty yellowish liquid that is very sensitive to moisture.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a titanium coordination entity consisting of a titanium(IV) cation with four propan-2-olate anions as counterions.
CAS: 546-68-9
MF: C12H28O4Ti
MW: 284.22
EINECS: 208-909-6
Synonyms
ISOPROPYL TITANATE;ISOPROPYL TITANATE(IV);TITANIUM ISOPROPOXIDE;TITANIUM ISO-PROPYLATE;TITANIUM (IV) I-PROPOXIDE;TITANIUM(IV) ISOPROPOXIDE;TITANIUM (IV) TETRA-I-PROPOXIDE;TITANIUM(IV) TETRAISOPROPOXIDE
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) appears as a water-white to pale-yellow liquid with an odor like isopropyl alcohol.
About the same density as water.
Vapors heavier than air.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT), also commonly referred to as titanium tetraisopropoxide or Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT), is a chemical compound with the formula Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in organic synthesis and materials science.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a diamagnetic tetrahedral molecule.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a component of the Sharpless epoxidation, a method for the synthesis of chiral epoxides.
The structures of the titanium alkoxides are often complex.
Crystalline titanium methoxide is tetrameric with the molecular formula Ti4(OCH3)16.
Alkoxides derived from bulkier alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol aggregate less.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly a monomer in nonpolar solvents.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as an adhesion promoting and cross-linking agent for hydroxylic compounds or heat and corrosion resistant coatings.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is most suitable for use in the glass and glass fiber manufacturing.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a chemical compound with the formula Ti(OCH(CH)) (i-Pr).
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an organotitanium compound that reacts with water to form titanium hydroxide.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) has a low vapor pressure and a high melting point, which makes it well suited for use in high temperature environments.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as an additive to improve the corrosion resistance of metal surfaces, such as steel and copper.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) also has been shown to have synergistic effects when combined with other additives, such as metal hydroxides or methyl glycosides.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) Chemical Properties
Melting point: 14-17 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 232 °C(lit.)
Density: 0.96 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
Vapor pressure: 60.2hPa at 25℃
Refractive index: n20/D 1.464(lit.)
Fp: 72 °F
Storage temp.: Flammables area
Solubility: Soluble in anhydrous ethanol, ether, benzene and chloroform.
Form: Liquid
Specific Gravity: 0.955
Color: Colorless to pale yellow
Water Solubility: HYDROLYSIS
FreezingPoint: 14.8℃
Sensitive: Moisture Sensitive
Hydrolytic Sensitivity 7: reacts slowly with moisture/water
Merck: 14,9480
BRN: 3679474
Stability: Stable, but decomposes in the presence of moisture. Incompatible with aqueous solutions, strong acids, strong oxidizing agents. Flammable.
InChIKey: VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 0.05
CAS DataBase Reference: 546-68-9(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) (546-68-9)
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) reacts with water to deposit titanium dioxide:
Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4 + 2 H2O → TiO2 + 4 (CH3)2CHOH
This reaction is employed in the sol-gel synthesis of TiO2-based materials in the form of powders or thin films.
Typically water is added in excess to a solution of the alkoxide in an alcohol.
The composition, crystallinity and morphology of the inorganic product are determined by the presence of additives (e.g. acetic acid), the amount of water (hydrolysis ratio), and reaction conditions.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used as a catalyst in the preparation of certain cyclopropanes in the Kulinkovich reaction.
Prochiral thioethers are oxidized enantioselectively using a catalyst derived from Ti(O-i-Pr)4.
Reactions
Catalyst for the synthesis of acyclic epoxy alcohols and allylic epoxy alcohols.
Useful for diastereoselective reduction of alpha-fluoroketones.
Catalyzes the asymmetric allylation of ketones.
Reagent for the synthesis of cyclopropylamines from aryl and alkenyl nitriles.
Useful for racemic and/or enantioselective addition of nucleophiles to aldehydes, ketones and imines.
Catalytic intramolecular formal [3+2] cycloaddition.
Catalyst for the synthesis of cyclopropanols from esters and organomagnesium reagents
Uses
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a precursor for the preparation of titanium and barium-strontium-titanate thin films.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is useful to make porous titanosilicates and potential ion-exchange materials for cleanup of radioactive wastes.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an active component of Sharpless epoxidation as well as involved in the synthesis of chiral epoxides.
In Kulinkovich reaction, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is involved as a catalyst in the preparation of cyclopropanes.
Catalyst especially for asymmetric induction in organic syntheses; in preparation of nanosized TiO2.
Complexing agent in sol-gel process.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as a precursor for ambient conditions vapour phase deposition such as infiltration into polymer thin films.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a highly reactive, 100% active organic alkoxy titanate widely used as a Lewis acid catalyst in esterification, transesterification, condensation, addition, and polymerization processes.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a clear, colorless to yellowish liquid, sensitive to moisture and capable of crystallizing at low temperatures—though crystals can be easily redissolved by warming without affecting performance.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is applied in the production of plasticizers, polyesters, methacrylic esters, resins, polycarbonates, polyolefins, and RTV silicone sealants.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) also functions as a crosslinker for coatings such as wire enamel varnish, glass, and zinc flake coatings, with particular suitability for glass and glass fiber manufacturing.
Additionally, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as an adhesion promoter in packaging inks like flexographic and gravure, and can form polymeric titanium dioxide layers in binders and coatings, enhancing durability and performance.
Preparation
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is prepared by treating titanium tetrachloride with isopropanol in presence of ammonia.
Hydrogen chloride is formed as a coproduct: 19–20
TiCl4 + 4 (CH3)2CHOH → Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4 + 4 HCl
