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TETRASODIUM EDTA

 Tetrasodium EDTA is often used in personal care products to control metal ions over a wide pH range. Tetrasodium EDTA functions by binding to metal ions and inactivating them to prevent degradation of the product, which prevents metal ions from accumulating on the skin and hair. Again in powder form, Tetrasodium EDTA is one of the most versatile and widely used chelating agents.

CAS NUMBER: 64-02-8

SYNONYM:
Sodium edetate; 64-02-8; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tetrasodium salt; EDTA tetrasodium; Sequestrene; EDTA tetrasodium salt; EDTA sodium; Sodium EDTA; Tetrasodium edetate ; EDTA, tetrasodium; Aquamollin; Complexone; Irgalon; Komplexon; Nullapon; Queste; Tetracemin; Tetrine; Tyclarosol; Versene 100; Versene 220; Calsol; Distol; Ergon; Kalex; Na4EDTA; Versene powder; Natrii edetas; Versene beads; Versene flake; TETRASODIUM EDTA; Aquamoline BC; Metaquest C; Nervanaid B; Sequestrene ST; Nullapon B; Kutrilon CS; Natrium aedeticum

Tetrasodium EDTA is the salt resulting from the neutralization of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid with four equivalents of sodium hydroxide (or an equivalent sodium base). Tetrasodium EDTA is a white solid that is very soluble in water. Commercial samples are generally hydrated, eg. Na4EDTA.4H2O. The properties of solutions produced from anhydrous and hydrated forms are the same provided they are at the same Ph. Used as the chelating agent EDTA4- source. The 1% aqueous solution has a pH of about 11.3. When dissolved in neutral water, Tetrasodium EDTA partially converts to H2EDTA2 Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid is commercially produced via tetrasodium EDTA. DTA, Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, is a molecule that complexes metal ions in aqueous environments. Tetrasodium EDTA is available in four neutralizers, two of which are Disodium EDTA and Tetrasodium EDTA, which are widely used in cosmetics. Generally, the choice of which product to use is determined by the pH of your product. Tetrasodium EDTA is recommended for alkaline products such as most handmade soaps. In personal care products, these agents improve: efficacy, stability, hard water performance, rinse ability, clarity, odor integrity, and shelf life of formulations.

Tetrasodium EDTA can also be used to neutralize Carbomer or raise the pH of personal care formulations. Please refer to the PDF for information on Tetrasodium EDTA chelant capacity to determine the required amount for your application. The choice of amount is too product dependent to list a use amount, but typical use is 0.2% to 0.5% and in most applications it is 0.2% effective in personal care products. The dry crystal version of Tetrasodium EDTA is useful in the formulation of dry products or in applications where the total water content of the final product must be kept to a minimum. Tetrasodium EDTA performs on a wide variety of pH systems and is the product of choice for applications where product purity is particularly important.

Tetrasodium EDTA can also be used in creams, lotions and surfactant systems. If your formulation is clear or transparent, Disodium ETDA may be preferred as Tetrasodium EDTA is much more soluble in water. Both forms work synergistically with your preservative to increase Tetrasodium EDTA’s protective effectiveness. In soaps, Tetrasodium EDTA can counteract the defoaming effect of hardness ions, reduce soap bubble and improve foam. Tetrasodium ETDA (stands for ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) is a water-soluble component used as a "chelator", meaning Tetrasodium EDTA binds to certain mineral ions to inactivate them.

Tetrasodium EDTA can prevent the deterioration of cosmetics and personal care products as it stops the growth of mold and other microorganisms. Tetrasodium EDTA also helps maintain clarity, preserve fragrance compounds and prevent rancidity. One of its main uses is to help personal care products work better in hard water. Tetrasodium EDTA is a commonly used chelating agent. Tetrasodium EDTA is recommended for complex calcium and magnesium ions above pH 7 and for the most common metal ions across the pH range. Tetrasodium EDTA can also be used for complex iron up to pH 8.5. Laboratory technicians use the three components mentioned above to synthesize EDTA and then tetrasodium EDTA is derived from it. You will find Tetrasodium EDTA in moisturizers, skin care and cleansing products, personal cleaning products, bath soaps, shampoos and conditioners, hair dyes, hair bleaches and many other products. Tetrasodium EDTA is also approved for use in packaged foods, vitamins and baby food.

Tetrasodium EDTA is the salt of Ethylenediamine Tetraacetic Acid (EDTA), another chelating compound. When forming a synthetic compound, several materials react together to get a new one. Often they may contain minerals and metal ions that can prevent the reaction from happening properly. This is where a chelating agent can come in handy. By separating these particles (by catching them), Tetrasodium EDTA allows everything to go well and helps stabilize the final formula. Our favorite analogy is to describe this material as a lobster and to describe Tetrasodium EDTA with claws covering minerals while swimming in the water. Since Tetrasodium EDTA and its salts are used in a wide variety of cosmetics, food, medicine and household cleaning products, Tetrasodium EDTA has been the subject of in-depth research into its health and environmental effects since the 1980s. A regularly raised concern is that they are hardly biodegradable and therefore present in most water systems. However, according to numerous studies, they do not pose any problems for the environment or human and animal health as they do not bioaccumulate and are rapidly eliminated by organisms.
Tetrasodium EDTA is a metalloprotease inhibitor at effective concentrations of 1-10 mM.

Tetrasodium EDTA acts as a chelator of the zinc ion in the active site of metalloproteases and can also inhibit other metal ion dependent proteases such as calcium dependent cysteine proteases. For use as an anticoagulant, the disodium or tripotassium salts of Tetrasodium EDTA are most commonly used. The optimal concentration is 1.5 mg per ml of blood. EDTA (ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic acid) is a chelator. Tetrasodium EDTA provides two benefits when used in soap. Increases the shelf life of your soap by chelating (binding) certain metals that can cause DOS (horrible orange stains, also known as rancidity). Tetrasodium EDTA also reduces the amount of sticky soap bubbles produced when using lye in hard water. Tetrasodium EDTA, sodium gluconate, and citrate do similar jobs, so if one doesn't object, consider using the other. Tetrasodium EDTA is arguably not as "crunchy" as citrate or sodium gluconate, so it is not the best choice for a "natural" soap. Tetrasodium EDTA  and sodium gluconate appear to be more effective than citrate at reducing soap residue.

There are two types of Tetrasodium EDTA generally available to home craftsmen. Tetrasodium EDTA should be used in soap and other alkaline products. This is the type of Tetrasodium EDTA is talking about in this post. Tetrasodium EDTA is another type of EDTA; Tetrasodium EDTA should only be used in slightly acidic products at neutral pH. Tetrasodium EDTA can be converted to the tetrasodium form if needed. However, I recommend purchasing the tetrasodium form to keep soaping as simple as possible. Tetrasodium EDTA is commercially available in two forms  powder which is approximately 85% pure Tetrasodium EDTA and 39% EDTA liquid solution in water. Both forms can be used.

Tetrasodium EDTA powder is powdery and you only need small amounts, so I recommend making a 50% masterbatch EDTA solution and using this liquid when making soap instead of powder.Mix 1 part Tetrasodium EDTA with 1 part by weight of distilled water. Stir until the powder dissolves. Store at room temperature in a tightly closed container. Typical dosage for bar (NaOH) soap or liquid (KOH) soap is 0.5% Tetrasodium EDTA powder based on total batch weight. This is 5 g EDTA powder per 1000 g total batch weight. The total batch weight is the sum of oil weight + water weight + alkali weight. The dosage range recommended by various sources is very wide ranging from 0.05% to 4% Tetrasodium EDTA powder by total batch weight. Here are some tips to help you decide to prevent rancidity (DOS) in soap, dosages range from 0.05% to 0.25% (0.5 g to 2.5 g Tetrasodium EDTA powder per 1000 g total batch weight). Kevin Dunn, author of the Scientific Soapmaking book, recommends 0.5g Tetrasodium EDTA per 1000g of oil to effectively control DOS. (Note that Tetrasodium EDTA uses the weight of oil, not the total batch weight.) Dunn found that a mixture of 1.0 g of rosemary oleoresin (ROE) and 0.5 g of Tetrasodium EDTA powder added per 1000 g of oil could be more effective at preventing DOS than EDTA or ROE alone. Tetrasodium EDTA also appears that a slightly higher EDTA dose is needed to reduce hard water contamination. Handmade soaps typically use 0.25% to 0.5% (2.5 g to 5 g powder per 1000 g batch weight) and get good results. Use the low percentage for soft water. Use the higher amount for hard water or if you are unsure of the water hardness.

The amount of Tetrasodium EDTA powder needed is very little, so I think Tetrasodium EDTA's easier to use a homemade Tetrasodium EDTA solution and distilled water. Some vendors sell 39% ready-to-use Tetrasodium EDTA solutions. You can make an Tetrasodium EDTA solution in any concentration up to about 50% by weight (50 grams Tetrasodium EDTA and 50 grams of distilled water). Measure the desired amount of Tetrasodium EDTA powder and mix it with distilled water until the Tetrasodium EDTA is completely dissolved. Store in a labeled, airtight container. Tetrasodium EDTA precipitates (turns into solid particles) in a concentrated alkaline solution. This precipitation causes the caustic solution to turn into a thick white "pudding".  Tetrasodium EDTA needs to be dissolved to work properly, so don't use this "pudding" mixture to make soap. If you make this mistake, one fix is to add enough water to the Tetrasodium EDTA caustic mixture and then stir for a few minutes until the Tetrasodium EDTA is completely dissolved. My experiments have shown that Tetrasodium EDTA remains dissolved in NaOH below 35% concentration. But another saponizer said that its Tetrasodium EDTA precipitated in 33% NaOH solution. 

Tetrasodium EDTA and related components bind to metal ions and inactivate them. The binding of metal ions helps prevent deterioration of cosmetics and personal care products. Tetrasodium EDTA also supports the preservation of clarity, the protection of fragrance components and the prevention of possible rancidity, especially in foods. Tetrasodium EDTA is widely used in moisturizers, skin care and cleaning products, personal cleaning products, soaps, shampoos and conditioners, hair dyes, etc., in many cosmetics and personal care products. The other solution is to gently flush the Tetrasodium EDTA caustic mixture with plenty of cold running water into the sewer and start over.

Tetrasodium EDTA is an aminopolycarboxylic acid, which is the abbreviation for Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and has the chemical formula [CH2N (CH2CO2H) 2] 2. Tetrasodium EDTA is in the "poly" carbocyclic group due to the presence of multiple bonded -COOH groups in its structure. Tetrasodium EDTA is also in the "amino" group because Tetrasodium EDTA is bound -NH2 to its structure. This white, water-soluble solid is commonly used to bind to acid, iron and calcium ions. Tetrasodium EDTA binds ions as a hexadentate chelator. Tetrasodium EDTA, especially Tetrasodium EDTA; it is produced as some salt types such as sodium calcium edetate and Tetrasodium EDTA. It is a type of acid used in molecular biology applications. There are other names used to denote Tetrasodium EDTA. Both single and two-step synthesis can be used in Tetrasodium EDTA production. Of these, in the two-step synthesis production of Tetrasodium EDTA, Tetrasodium EDTA salt was contaminated with NTA salt. One-step synthesis Tetrasodium EDTA production does not involve the decomposition process. Although the installation and equipment costs are lower in one-stage production, higher purity

Tetrasodium EDTA production is possible after two-stage production. The production of Tetrasodium EDTA for industrial use is formaldehyde containing cyanide; Tetrasodium EDTA is made by reaction and synthesis with compounds such as ethylenediamine, HCN & NaCN. After the sodium salt of Tetrasodium EDTA is formed, sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid are used to add acidity to this salt. In industry, Tetrasodium EDTA is mainly used to keep metal ions in aqueous solution. Tetrasodium EDTA prevents metal ion impurities from changing the color of dyed products in the textile industry. In the pulp and paper industry, Tetrasodium EDTA inhibits the ability of metal ions, especially Mn2 +, to catalyze the disproportionality of hydrogen peroxide used in chlorine-free bleaching. Tetrasodium EDTA is added to some foods as a preservative or stabilizer to prevent catalytic oxidative discoloration catalyzed by metal ions.

Tetrasodium EDTA in soft drinks containing ascorbic acid and sodium benzoate reduces the formation of benzene (carcinogenic). Both Tetrasodium EDTA and similar complex materials are used to reduce water hardness in laundry applications and to dissolve lime formed in boilers, to bind Ca2 +, Mg2 + and other metal ions. After binding to Tetrasodium EDTA, these metal centers do not create a precipitate or affect the action of soaps and detergents. For this reason, cleaning solutions often contain Tetrasodium EDTA.

IUPAC NAME :

Acido Etilendiaminotetraacético Sal Tetrasódica 4-hidrato; Edetate sodium; Versene; Aquamollin; EDTA 4Na; EDTA Na4; EDTA tetrasodium salt; EDTA tetrasodium salt , (Ethylenedinitrilo)tetraacetic acid tetrasodium salt Acetic acid, (ethylenedinitrilo)tetra-, tetrasodium salt; EDTA-Na4; EDTA-Tetrasodium salt; EDTA4Na; ethylendiamintetraacetát tetrasodný; Ethylendiamintetraessigsäure, Tetranatriumsalz; ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, tetrasodium salt; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tetrasodiumsalt; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tetrasodium salt dihydrate; Glycine, N,N'-1,2-ethanediylbis((N-(carboxymethyl)-, tetrasodium-salt; Glycine, N,N'-1,2-ethanediylbis[N-(carboxymethyl)-, tetrasodium salt; Sodium edetate;Sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, dihydrate; Tetra Sodium Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetate; Tetranatriumethylendiamintetra-acetat; tetrasodium 2,2',2'',2'''- (ethane-1,2,diyldinitrilo) tetraacetate;tetrasodium 2,2',2'',2'''-(ethane-1,2-diyldinitrilo)tetraacetate;

TRADE NAME : 

Dabeersen Na4 30%L; Dabeersen Na4 40% L; Dabeersen Na4C2; Dabeersen Na4TD; Dissolvine 100-S; Dissolvine 100-s; Dissolvine 220-S; Dissolvine 240-S; Dissolvine E-39; Dissolvine E-39-K; Dissolvine NA; Dissolvine NA-X; EDTA 4Na 2H2O; EDTA-Tetrasodium salt (EDTA-4NA); MASQUOL EDTA Na; MASQUOL EL 40; Tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate; Trilon B Powder; VERSENE 100 Chelanting Agent ; VERSENE 100 XL Chelating Agent; VERSENE 100E Chelating Agent; VERSENE 100E LC Chelating Agent;VERSENE 220 Crystals Chelating Agent; VERSENE POWDER Chelating Agent

OTHER NAME :

10378-23-1; 50809-35-3; 50809-35-3; 607-428-00-2; 64-02-8; 70699-53-5; 70699-53-5 ; 8013-51-2; 8013-51-2; 8023-21-0; 8023-21-0; 97928-93-3; 97928-93-3

Similar to the cleaning industry, Tetrasodium EDTA is used for the determination of free lime and free magnesium in cement and clinkers in the cement industry. Tetrasodium EDTA is used for cleaning machines in Tetrasodium EDTA oil production facilities. Tetrasodium EDTA is used to remove sulfur fumes from chimneys in waste washing facilities and coal production plants. Sodium calcium edetate, an Tetrasodium EDTA derivative, is used to bind metal ions in post-mercury and lead poisoning treatment. Tetrasodium EDTA is used similarly to remove excess iron from the body. This therapy is used to treat thalassemia as well as the complication of repeated blood transfusions.

Dentists and endodontists use Tetrasodium EDTA solutions to remove inorganic debris (smear layer) and lubricate root canals in endodontics. This procedure helps to prepare the root canals. Additionally, surfactant-added Tetrasodium EDTA solutions loosen calcifications within a root canal and allow canal shaping. In addition, Tetrasodium EDTA can be used as a preservative in eye drops. Tetrasodium EDTA is useful in the evaluation of kidney function in medicine, particularly for evaluating the glomerular filtration rate. Tetrasodium EDTA is widely used in blood analysis. Tetrasodium EDTA is an anticoagulant substance that chelates the calcium contained in the blood sample, stops the coagulation process and preserves blood cell morphology. In addition, Tetrasodium EDTA has been found to be very effective in preventing the proliferation of bacteria during the implantation of intraocular lenses. Tetrasodium EDTA salts are used in shampoos, cleansers and other personal care products as a release agent to increase their stability in air.

Tetrasodium EDTA, also known as edetic acid, and its salts were developed to counteract the effects of hard water and heavy metal ions in the manufacture of textiles. These metal chelators are widely used in cosmetics and personal care products, in food, and in medicines. These ingredients form complexes with calcium, magnesium, and iron, which allows for better foaming and cleaning performance of cosmetics and personal care products. By binding with metal ions, these ingredients prevent the metals from being deposited onto the hair, scalp and skin.

Tetrasodium EDTA is a chelating agent with wide ranging ability to sequester various polyvalent cations. This compound is used in experiments as a simple model for amino acid components of proteins. Tetrasodium EDTA is a chelating agent, a general chemical, and a sequestrant. Tetrasodium EDTA is used extensively as chelator of divalent cations such as Ca2+. Used to minimize metal ion contaminants and also used to facilitate enzymatic reactions that could be inhibited by heavy metal traces. Tetrasodium EDTA inhibits enzymes, such as metalloproteases, that require divalent cations for activity. Some research has shown that this product is a potential inhibitor of Calpain.

Tetrasodium EDTA is a molecule which complexes metal ions in aqueous environments. Tetrasodium EDTA is available in four neutralizations, two of which, Tetrasodium EDTA are commonly used in the cosmetics. Generally, the choice of which product to use is determined by the pH of your product. Tetrasodium EDTA is recommended for alkaline products, like most handcrafted soap.  Tetrasodium EDTA can also be used in creams, lotions and surfactant systems.  If your formulation is clear or transparent, it may be preferred over Tetrasodium EDTA as Tetrasodium EDTA is much more soluble in water. Either form works synergistically with your preservative to improve preservative efficacy. In soaps, Tetrasodium EDTA can counteract the defoaming action of hardness ions, reducing soap scum and improving lather.

Tetrasodium EDTA is a white solid, very soluble in water and forming a basic solution. Prepared from ethylenediamine, formaldehyde, and sodium cyanide in basic solution, or from ethylenediamine and sodium chloroacetate, Tetrasodium EDTA is a strong complexing and chelating agent. Tetrasodium EDTA reacts with many metallic ions to form soluble chelates. As such, Tetrasodium EDTA is widely used in analysis to retain alkaline earths and heavy metals in solution and for dissolving scale. Tetrasodium EDTA is much more stable than many other organic stabilising agents like citric acid, tartaric acid and gluconates especially at elevated temperatures. Tetrasodium EDTA is stable at 200°C even under pressure. Tetrasodium EDTA is predominatly used in agriculture, water treatment, pulp and paper industries and also used in the manufacture of cleaners and detergents. Chelating agents bind, sequester or capture trace amounts of iron, copper, manganese, calcium and other metals that occur naturally in many materials. Such naturally occurring metals can cause chemical degradation, discoloration, scaling, instability, rancidity, ineffective cleaning performance and other problems. 

Tetrasodium EDTA is used for surface preparation, metal cleaning, metal plating, and in metalworking fluids. Tetrasodium EDTA is employed to remove hard water scale, soap film, and inorganic scales. Tetrasodium EDTA is commonly used in a wide variety of cleaning products and formulations, including hard surface cleaners, laundry detergents, bacteridal cleaners, vehicle washes etc. Tetrasodium EDTA is used in soaps ,many hair products, creams and lotions. In the textile industry, Tetrasodium EDTA is emploted tp prevent metal ion impurities from changing colours of dyed products. For chlorine-free bleaching it inhibits the ability of metal ions, especially Mn2+, from catalysing the Hydrogen Peroxide. In Photography, tetrasodium EDTA is used as bleach in photographic film processing.

Other key applications for Tetrasodium EDTA tetrasodium include: In Photography as a bleach in photographic film processing. Tetrasodium EDTA controls the oxidation conditions of metal ions (Photography, sulphur removal from waste gases). In the manufacturing of paper to maximize bleaching efficiency during pulping, prevent brightness reversion, and protect bleach potency. In Scale removal and prevention to clean calcium and other types of scale from boilers, evaporators, heat exchangers, filter cloths, and glass-lined kettles. In Water treatment to control water hardness and scale-forming calcium and magnesium ions and to prevent scale formation.

Tetrasodium EDTA is another chelating compound.  When creating a synthetic compound, several materials react together to obtain a new one. Often, they can contain minerals and metal ions that can prevent the reaction from taking place properly. This is where a chelating agent can come in handy. By sequestering these particles (grabbing onto them), Tetrasodium EDTA allows everything to go well and helps stabilise the final formula. The analogy we like the most is to describe this material as a lobster, with claws closing around the minerals as they float past in the water. Since Tetrasodium EDTA and its salts are used in a wide range of cosmetics, food, pharmaceuticals and household cleaning products, they have been the subject of in-depth studies since the 1980s as to their impact on the health and the environment. A regularly raised concern is that they are hardly biodegradable and are therefore found in most water systems. However, according to numerous studies, they aren’t of any problem for the environment or human and animal health as they don't bioaccumulate and are quickly eliminated by organisms. That said, Lush still remain cautious with these materials and avoid overusing them. This is also why we prefer to declare Tetrasodium EDTA even if we don’t use it on its own.

Tetrasodium EDTA is a chelant and it is used in cosmetics to bind metal ions to prevent unwanted metal-reactions within the formulation which could have negative effects on stability, preservation and product performance. In Colorants this helps to preserve the intended color result and product stability in case of metal ion exposure during manufacturing of the tint. Tetrasodium EDTA is inappropriate and possibly dangerous to the environment to dispose of expired or waste drugs and pharmaceuticals by flushing them down the toilet or discarding them to the trash. Household quantities of expired or waste pharmaceuticals may be mixed with wet cat litter or coffee grounds, double-bagged in plastic, discard in trash. Larger quantities shall carefully take into consideration applicable regulations. If possible return the pharmaceutical to the manufacturer for proper disposal being careful to properly lab el and securely package the material. Alternatively, the waste pharmaceutical shall be labeled, securely packaged and transported by a state licensed medical waste contractor to dispose by burial in a licensed hazardous or toxic waste landfill or incinerator.

Tetrasodium EDTA is a common polydentate ligand. In Tetrasodium EDTA, the hydrogen atoms are easily removed in solution to produce anionic. In its anionic form Tetrasodium EDTA has six binding atoms, two nitrogen and four oxygen. Tetrasodium EDTA binds to a metal ion at the six binding sites, wrapping itself around the metal ion, forming a very stable complex.the strong grasp of Tetrasodium EDTA on the metal ion is analogous to a crab or lobster clamping down on an object with its claw, hence the name chelation. Tetrasodium EDTA is such an effective chelating agent because it can deactivate a metal at up to six sites. Tetrasodium EDTA, also known as editic acid, is a colorless crystalline substance widely used to chelate metal ions. Tetrasodium EDTA is marketed in its salt forms such as Tetrasodium EDTA.

Tetrasodium EDTA hasindustrial and medical uses as a chelating agent. Much of its utility is related to the fact that metals and metal compounds are important catalysts in numerous reactions. By chelatingmetals, Tetrasodium EDTA prevents the metal from catalyzing reactions, thereby limiting degradation, oxidation,and other undesirable reactions.the major industries using Tetrasodium EDTA and other chelatingagents are paper and pulp, cleaning products, chemicals, agriculture, and water treatment. The paper and pulp industry is the major user of Tetrasodium EDTA, where  Tetrasodium EDTA is used to stabilize bleachesby sequestering metals that catalyze the degradation of bleaches. EDTA’s ability to stabilizebleaches also makes them useful in laundry detergents and various other cleaning products. In addition to improving bleaching efficiency, Tetrasodium EDTA use in detergents and cleansers alsosoftens hard water by tying up divalent metal ions responsible for water hardness, primarilyCa2+ and Mg2+. Its softening ability helps Tetrasodium EDTA reduce scale formation and improves foamingproperties in cleaning formulations. 

Tetrasodium EDTA is applied in general water treatment to softenwater, helping to prevent scale and corrosion. Tetrasodium EDTA has low toxicity and is used in the foodand beverage industry. Foods naturally contain small traces of metals and small quantities areadded during food processing. Tetrasodium EDTA is used with foods to preserve color and preserve flavor,prevent odors, maintain nutrient content, and extend shelf life. When used in beverages, Tetrasodium EDTA preserves color and stabilizes other ingredients such as citric acid and benzoates. In thechemical industry, Tetrasodium EDTA is used to control metal catalytic processes during reactions. Tetrasodium EDTA salts are used in agriculture to provide metal micronutrients in fertilizers.

Tetrasodium EDTA is a sequestrant and chelating agent that functions in water but not in fats and oils. Tetrasodium EDTA is used to control the reaction of trace metals with some organic and inorganic components to prevent deterioration of color, texture, and development of precipitates, as well as to prevent oxidation which results in rancidity. The reactive sites of the metal ions are blocked, which prevents their normal reactions. The most common interfering metal ions in food products are iron and copper. Tetrasodium EDTA can be used in combination with the antioxidants bht and propyl gallate. Tetrasodium EDTA is used in margarine, mayonnaise, and spreads to prevent the vegetable oil from going rancid. Tetrasodium EDTA is used in canned corn prior to retorting to prevent discoloration caused by trace quantities of copper, iron, and chromium. Tetrasodium EDTA also inhibits copper-catalyzed oxidation of ascorbic acid. Tetrasodium EDTA occurs as disodium calcium and disodium dihydrogen . Tetrasodium EDTA’s use is approved in specified foods, with an average usage level being in the range of 100–300 ppm.

Tetrasodium EDTA  may be prepared by the condensation of ethylenediamine with sodium monochloroacetate in the presence of sodium carbonate. An aqueous solution of the reactants is heated to about 90°C for 10 hours, then cooled, and hydrochloric acid is added to precipitate the edetic acid. Edetic acid may also be prepared by the reaction of ethylenediamine with hydrogen cyanide and formaldehyde with subsequent hydrolysis of the tetranitrile, or under alkaline conditions with continuous extraction of ammonia.
Tetrasodium EDTA is a colorless crystalline solid. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid is slightly soluble in water. The primary hazard is the threat to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment. Tetrasodium EDTA is used in chemical analysis, to make detergents and cleaning compounds, and for many other uses.

Tetrasodium EDTA is short for ethylenediamhetetraacetic acid, an amino polycarboxylic acid. Tetrasodium EDTA is a tetraprotic acid and is represented as H4Y with four carboxyl groups and two nitrogen atoms acting as ligand sites. Thus the compound is a hexadentate ligand. Ligands include ions such as Cl-, NO2-and CN- or neutral molecules like NH3 and H2O, which possess a lone pair of electrons that can be shared with a metal cation in coordinate covalent bonds. The water solubility of Tetrasodium EDTA is very low and, therefore, its di-sodium salt Na2H2Y.2H2O is commonly used in titrations. The Y4- forms very stable, one-to-one complexes with practically every metal ion in the Periodic Table. The reactions are carried out in a neutral or alkaline medium as the complex decomposes in acidic medium. Tetrasodium EDTA is used in pharmaceutical formulations, cosmetics, and foods as chelating agents. They form stable water-soluble complexes (chelates) with alkaline earth and heavy metal ions. The chelated form has few of the properties of the free ion, and for this reason chelating agents are often described as ‘removing’ ions from solution; this process is also called sequestering. The stability of the metal–edetate complex depends on the metal ion involved and also on the pH. The calcium chelate is relatively weak and will preferentially chelate heavy metals, such as iron, copper, and lead, with the release of calcium ions. 

Tetrasodium EDTA is primarily used as antioxidant synergists, sequestering trace amounts of metal ions, particularly copper, iron, and manganese, that might otherwise catalyze autoxidation reactions. Edetic acid and edetates may be used alone or in combination with true antioxidants, the usual concentration employed being in the range 0.005–0.1% w/v. Tetrasodium EDTA have been used to stabilize ascorbic acid; corticosteroids; epinephrine; folic acid; formaldehyde; gums and resins; hyaluronidase; hydrogen peroxide; oxytetracycline; penicillin; salicylic acid, and unsaturated fatty acids. Essential oils may be washed with a 2% w/v solution of edetate to remove trace metal impurities. Tetrasodium EDTA possess some antimicrobial activity but are most frequently used in combination with other antimicrobial preservatives owing to their synergistic effects. Many solutions used for the cleaning, storage, and wetting of contact lenses contain disodium edetate. Typically, edetic acid and edetates are used in concentrations of 0.01–0.1% w/v as antimicrobial preservative synergists.

Tetrasodium EDTA may also be used as water softeners since they will chelate the calcium and magnesium ions present in hard water; Tetrasodium EDTA is not effective. Many cosmetic and toiletry products, e.g. soaps, contain edetic acid as a water softener. Tetrasodium EDTA is widely used in topical, oral, and parenteral pharmaceutical formulations. They are also extensively used in cosmetics and food products. Tetrasodium EDTA is generally regarded as an essentially nontoxic and nonirritant material, although Tetrasodium EDTA has been associated with doserelated bronchoconstriction when used as a preservative in nebulizer solutions.

Tetrasodium EDTA has therefore been recommended that nebulizer solutions for bronchodilation should not contain edetic acid. Edetates, particularly disodium edetate and edetate calcium disodium, are used in a greater number and variety of pharmaceutical formulations than the free acid. If Tetrasodium EDTA is used in preparations for the mouth, they can also leach calcium from the teeth. In contrast, edetate calcium disodium does not chelate calcium. Tetrasodium EDTA is nephrotoxic and should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment. Although edetic acid is fairly stable in the solid state, edetate salts are more stable than the free acid, which decarboxylates if heated above 150°C. Tetrasodium EDTA loses water of crystallization when heated to 120°C. Tetrasodium EDTA is slightly hygroscopic and should be protected from moisture. Aqueous solutions of edetic acid or edetate salts may be sterilized by autoclaving, and should be stored in an alkali free container. Edetic acid and edetates should be stored in well-closed containers in a cool, dry place.

Tetrasodium EDTA is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, and polyvalent metal ions such as copper, nickel, and copper alloy. Tetrasodium EDTA behaves as weak acids, displacing carbon dioxide from carbonates and reacting with metals to form hydrogen. Other incompatibilities include the inactivation of certain types of insulin due to the chelation of zinc, and the chelation of trace metals in total parenteral nutrition solutions following the addition of  additives stabilized with disodium edetate. Calcium disodium edetate has also been reported to be incompatible with amphotericin and with hydralazine hydrochloride in infusion fluids. 

 

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