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Tetronic 1107 is a type of surfactant belonging to the class of Tetronic block copolymers, which are known for their ability to form micelles in aqueous solutions and are widely used in various industrial and pharmaceutical applications.
Tetronic 1107 is a four-armed block copolymer composed of ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO) segments.
Tetronic 1107 has a four-arm (star) structure, with a central core of ethylene diamine to which four EO-PO block copolymer arms are attached.
CAS Number: 26316-40-5
Molecular Formula: C34H72N2O12
Molecular Weight: 700.94168
EINECS Number: 500-047-1
Synonyms: 26316-40-5, ETHYLENEDIAMINE TETRAKIS(ETHOXYLATE-BLOCK-PROPOXYLATE) TETROL, ethane-1,2-diamine,2-methyloxirane,oxirane, SCHEMBL1536125, ZNSMQAWUTCXMJI-UHFFFAOYSA-NEthylenediamine tetrakis(ethoxylate-block-propoxylate) tetrol,Tetronic 90R4,Ethylenediamine ethoxylated propoxylated polymer,EthylenediaMine tetrakis(ethoxylate-block-propoxylate) tetrol average Mn ~7,200, EthylenediaMine tetrakis(propoxylate-block-ethoxylate) tetrol average Mn ~3,600,1,2-Ethanediamine,methyloxirane, oxiranepolymer,1,2-Ethanediamine, polymerwithmethyloxiraneandoxirane, Ethoxylated, propoxylatedethylenediamine, ethylenediaminetetrakis(ethoxylate-b-propoxylate
Tetronic 1107 has both hydrophilic (water-attracting) and lipophilic (oil-attracting) properties, which makes it an effective emulsifier and dispersant.
Tetronic 1107 has a high molecular weight, often used where significant viscosity and thickening are needed.
Tetronic 1107 is used to solubilize and stabilize active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in drug formulations.
Found in cosmetics and skin-care products for its emulsifying and skin-conditioning properties.
In lubricants, coatings, and cleaning agents for its dispersant and stabilizer roles.
Tetronic 1107 demonstrates good thermal stability and can be used in formulations that require heating or high-temperature processing.
Tetronic block copolymers, including Tetronic 1107, consist of a core of ethylene diamine with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) blocks extending outward in a "four-arm star" configuration.
The arrangement typically results in a copolymer structure that exhibits both hydrophilic (PEO) and hydrophobic (PPO) regions.
Ethylene oxide (EO) segments are hydrophilic, giving the molecule water-soluble characteristics.
Tetronic 1107 segments are hydrophobic, providing oil-solubility and making the polymer an effective emulsifier or surfactant.
Tetronic 1107 has a relatively high molecular weight (often around 15,000 Da), making it useful in thickening or viscosity modification in solutions.
Due to the high EO content, it is water-soluble at a wide range of temperatures.
The balance between EO and PO blocks gives it temperature-responsive properties, meaning it can behave differently depending on the temperature of the solution.
For example, at lower temperatures, the molecule tends to remain more hydrophilic, while at higher temperatures, the PPO block tends to drive hydrophobic interactions, possibly leading to micelle formation.
Tetronic 1107 is commonly used to solubilize poorly water-soluble drugs, helping to enhance bioavailability.
Due to its ability to form micelles, Tetronic 1107 can encapsulate hydrophobic drugs, allowing for controlled release in drug delivery systems.
Tetronic 1107 stabilizes drugs in formulations, ensuring long-term stability, particularly for formulations that undergo temperature or pH changes.
Tetronic 1107 belongs to the larger family of polyalkylene oxide block copolymers, specifically of the "Tetronic" series, which are four-armed block copolymers based on ethylenediamine.
The arms of the polymer consist of alternating blocks of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and polypropylene oxide (PPO) in different ratios, and their specific arrangement greatly influences the polymer's performance.
Tetronic 1107s attract water, making the polymer hydrophilic.
Tetronic 1107s repel water and attract oils, making them hydrophobic.
By adjusting the length and ratio of the Tetronic 1107 and PPO blocks, the physical properties of Tetronic 1107 can be tailored to specific applications.
In Tetronic 1107, there’s a relatively higher content of hydrophilic PEO compared to hydrophobic PPO, which results in high water solubility and the ability to form thermoreversible gels.
Tetronic 1107 has the ability to form micelles in aqueous solution when the concentration exceeds a certain critical micelle concentration (CMC).
The micelles are formed because the PPO blocks, being hydrophobic, aggregate together to minimize their interaction with water, while the hydrophilic PEO blocks remain exposed to the aqueous environment.
These micelles can encapsulate hydrophobic substances, making them highly useful in drug delivery or in the formulation of cleaning agents where oily residues need to be broken down.
Melting point: 21 °C (DSC at peak)
Density: 1.05 g/mL at 25 °C
refractive index: n20/D 1.455
Flash point: >230 °F
LogP: 1.2 at 25℃
Many drugs have poor water solubility, which affects their bioavailability.
Tetronic 1107 can encapsulate these hydrophobic drugs in its micelles, making them soluble in aqueous solutions.
This property is especially valuable in the formulation of oral, injectable, or topical drugs.
The temperature-sensitive nature of Tetronic 1107 allows for thermoresponsive drug delivery systems.
These systems can be designed to release the drug at body temperature or at an elevated temperature (such as at the site of inflammation or infection).
For example, the polymer can exist as a liquid at room temperature, making it easy to inject, but then form a gel at body temperature, slowly releasing the drug over time.
By improving drug solubility and offering controlled release, Tetronic 1107 can significantly enhance the bioavailability of therapeutic agents.
Tetronic 1107’s particularly useful for anticancer drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs, and other compounds where precise delivery is critical.
Tetronic 1107 can be cross-linked with other materials to form hydrogels, which are soft, hydrated materials that mimic the properties of biological tissues.
These hydrogels can be used as scaffolds for tissue engineering, where cells are grown in a supportive matrix that eventually degrades and is replaced by natural tissue.
In wound healing, Tetronic 1107-based hydrogels can be used as wound dressings that deliver therapeutic agents directly to the wound site.
The gel provides a moist environment, protects the wound from infection, and releases healing agents slowly over time.
The amphiphilic nature of Tetronic 1107 makes it an excellent emulsifier in personal care products.
In lotions and creams, it helps to stabilize oil-in-water emulsions and maintain product texture.
Additionally, its PEO content attracts moisture, making it beneficial as a moisturizing agent for the skin.
Because of its ability to form thermoresponsive gels, Tetronic 1107 is used in products like styling gels, where it provides hold and structure at a wide range of temperatures.
Tetronic 1107s unique thermal behavior also helps in developing heat-activated hair or skin treatments, where the viscosity or behavior of the product changes based on temperature.
Tetronic 1107's ability to dissolve both water-soluble and oil-soluble components makes it ideal for cleaning applications, where surfactants are needed to break down and remove oily residues.
Its micellization properties allow it to encapsulate oils and grease, dispersing them in water for easy removal.
In coatings, paints, and varnishes, Tetronic 1107 can function as a dispersing agent, helping to evenly distribute pigments, fillers, or other additives in the formulation.
Its surfactant properties help maintain the stability of suspensions and prevent agglomeration of solid particles.
Tetronic 1107 block copolymers like Tetronic 1107 are known to degrade under environmental conditions, and in many cases, they break down into non-toxic byproducts.
This makes them suitable for eco-friendly formulations where biodegradability is important, such as in agricultural adjuvants, cleaning products, or in wastewater treatment applications.
In lotions and creams, it helps stabilize oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsions.
Tetronic 1107s hydrophilic EO segments offer moisture retention, making it an important ingredient in skin-care products like moisturizers.
Tetronic 1107 can improve the texture and viscosity of creams and gels.
Tetronic 1107 can improve the lubricity of industrial formulations by balancing water and oil phases, enhancing performance.
Used in coatings and paints, it acts as a dispersant, helping to evenly distribute pigments or additives.
As a surfactant, it aids in breaking down oils and greases, making it useful in industrial cleaners and detergents.
Tetronic 1107 can be cross-linked to form hydrogels, which are useful in tissue engineering, drug delivery systems, and wound dressings.
These hydrogels can respond to temperature, allowing them to release therapeutic agents over time.
Tetronic 1107 is known for its relatively low toxicity and good biocompatibility, making it suitable for biomedical applications like scaffolds for tissue regeneration or injectable gels.
This is key in applications requiring materials that respond to heat or environmental changes, such as in drug delivery systems or injectable gels.
The balance of hydrophilic and lipophilic segments allows it to interact with both water and oil, giving it unique properties in emulsification, dispersion, and solubilization.
In aqueous solutions, Tetronic 1107 can form micelles, which can encapsulate hydrophobic molecules.
This property is useful in drug delivery, where micelles can carry drugs that would otherwise not dissolve in water.
Tetronic 1107, like other block copolymers, is generally considered non-toxic and biodegradable under normal use conditions.
It has a low potential for skin irritation, which is why it's popular in personal care formulations.
Compared to linear block copolymers, the star-shaped structure of Tetronic 1107 offers advantages such as:
This enhances its ability to form structured, stable micelles or emulsions.
Greater control over molecular interactions:
The multivalent structure can provide more sites for binding or interaction, making it more effective in specific applications like drug delivery or as stabilizers in formulations.
Uses Of Tetronic 1107:
Hard and soft surface cleaners, defoamers in coatings and water treatment.
Lubricant in metal working, anti-foaming aid and extender for linear and cross-linked polyesters and polyurethanes.
Tetronic 1107 nonionic surfactants are tetrafunctional block copolymers derived from the addition of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide to ethylenediamine.
All members of the series are 100% active and relatively non-toxic.
As in the Tetronic 1107 series of surfactants, the hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts of the molecule have been selectively varied to give you a wide range of functional characteristics to select from in meeting specific surfactant requirements.
Tetronic 1107 surfactants are particularly recommended when low foaming properties are desired.
Tetronic 1107s have ampholytic properties, which make them particularly useful in metal cleaning and treatment.
In addition, their defoaming and antistatic properties have found use in the paint, paper, cement, ink, plastic and detergent industries.
Tetronic 1107 is used to increase the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs, enhancing their bioavailability.
Tetronic 1107 forms micelles that encapsulate hydrophobic drug molecules, enabling their dispersion in aqueous solutions.
Due to its temperature-responsive behavior, Tetronic 1107 can be used in thermoresponsive drug delivery systems.
Tetronic 1107 can deliver drugs at controlled rates when exposed to body temperature or localized heat.
This is especially useful for injectable or topical formulations.
Tetronic 1107 helps stabilize formulations that contain sensitive active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), preventing degradation and improving the shelf life of the products.
In skin-care products, Tetronic 1107 is an effective emulsifier for creating stable oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsions.
This is important in lotions, creams, and moisturizers, where it ensures consistent texture and product stability.
Its hydrophilic (water-attracting) PEO segments make it useful in moisturizers, where it helps retain water in the skin, providing hydration.
Tetronic 1107 is used in hair gels, creams, and other personal care products to adjust viscosity and provide structure, particularly in products that need to hold form or create specific textures.
Tetronic 1107 is used in cosmetics that activate under heat, such as thermal hair treatments, where viscosity and behavior change with temperature.
In coatings, paints, and varnishes, Tetronic 1107 is used as a dispersant to evenly distribute pigments, fillers, and other additives.
It helps maintain the stability of the mixture, preventing clumping or settling.
As a surfactant, Tetronic 1107 is highly effective in industrial cleaning formulations.
Tetronic 1107 breaks down oils, greases, and other hydrophobic materials, making them easier to remove from surfaces.
It is used in both industrial and household cleaning products.
Tetronic 1107 can improve the performance of lubricants by balancing oil and water phases.
This makes it useful in applications such as industrial machinery, where both lubrication and cooling might be required.
Tetronic 1107 can be cross-linked to form hydrogels used in tissue engineering or wound healing.
Hydrogels mimic the extracellular matrix in tissue scaffolds, providing a supportive environment for cell growth.
In biomedical applications, it is used in wound care products, such as hydrogel dressings that can provide a moist environment for healing, deliver therapeutic agents, and protect against infection.
Its thermosensitivity allows for the creation of injectable gels that remain liquid at room temperature and form gels at body temperature.
These are useful for localized drug delivery or biomaterial scaffolds in regenerative medicine.
Tetronic 1107 is often used in environmentally friendly formulations due to its relatively low toxicity and biodegradability.
It can be used in eco-friendly cleaning agents and agricultural adjuvants.
In agriculture, it can be used in formulations to enhance the dispersion of pesticides, fertilizers, or other active ingredients, improving their effectiveness in soil treatments.
Tetronic 1107 is often used in industrial coatings for metal, plastic, or glass surfaces to improve the spreadability of the coating materials and ensure a uniform finish.
It may be used in formulations that provide protective coatings, helping to disperse and stabilize other additives, such as anti-corrosion agents or UV stabilizers, in automotive and marine coatings.
Tetronic 1107 is highly effective in household and industrial cleaning detergents.
Its ability to emulsify oils and break down dirt makes it valuable in products designed to clean surfaces, dishes, fabrics, and other materials.
Its strong emulsification and dispersant properties make it ideal for hard surface cleaners used in kitchens, bathrooms, and industrial settings.
Tetronic 1107 can be used in textile processing as a surfactant to help dye or treatment chemicals distribute evenly across fabrics.
It enhances the wetting and absorption of chemicals in textile treatments.
Tetronic 1107 can be used as an emulsifier or stabilizer in food-grade applications, though its use is more common in industrial and pharmaceutical formulations.
Safety Profile Of Tetronic 1107:
Direct contact with Tetronic 1107 can cause mild to moderate irritation, particularly with prolonged or repeated exposure.
This is especially relevant for individuals handling the raw material in manufacturing environments.
If Tetronic 1107 comes into contact with the eyes, it may cause irritation, redness, or discomfort.
Eye protection is often recommended when handling the product in concentrated forms.
Although Tetronic 1107 is typically used in liquid or gel form, inhalation of aerosolized droplets or fine powders during manufacturing or processing can lead to respiratory irritation.
This can cause symptoms such as coughing, throat irritation, or shortness of breath.
Tetronic 1107 has relatively low acute toxicity, ingestion of large amounts could cause gastrointestinal distress, nausea, or vomiting.
The material should not be ingested or used internally without appropriate pharmaceutical formulation.
