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Thioglycolic acid 80% is also used in the making of tin stabilizers often used in certain polyvinyl chloride products (such as vinyl siding).
Thioglycolic acid 80% is used as nucleophile in thioglycolysis reactions used on condensed tannins to study their structure.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is an aqueous solution of thioglycolic acid, an organic sulfur-containing compound widely used as a reducing agent, depilatory agent, and chemical intermediate in cosmetic and industrial applications.
CAS Number: 68-11-1
Molecular Formula: C2H4O2S
Molecular Weight: 92.12
EINECS Number: 200-677-4
Synonyms:mercaptoacetic acid, thioglycolic acid, 2-Mercaptoacetic acid, Sulfanylacetic acid, 2-Thioglycolic acid, Thioglycollic acid, Acetic acid, mercapto-, Thiovanic acid, Mercaptoessigsaeure, Glycolic acid, thio-, Acide thioglycolique, Glycolic acid, 2-thio-, Mercaptoethanoic acid, alpha-Mercaptoacetic acid, 2-mercaptoethanoic acid, 2-sulfanylacetic acid, Acetic acid, 2-mercapto-, mercapto acetic acid, mercapto-acetic acid, 2-Mercaptoacetate, Thioglykolsaeure, Merkaptoessigsaeure, .alpha.-Mercaptoacetic acid, thioglycolicacid, 2-MERCAPTOACETIC ACID;2-mercaptoacetate;2-Thioglycolic acid;2-thio-glycolicaci;2-thioglycolicacid;Aceticacid,mercapto-;Acide thioglycolique;acidethioglycolique
Thioglycolic acid 80% is acidic and reactive, capable of participating in redox and acid–base reactions.
Thioglycolic acid 80% reacts with oxidizing agents and metals.
This contributes to its industrial usefulness.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is chemically unstable in air over time, as the thiol group can oxidize to form disulfides.
Exposure to air and light accelerates this process.
Proper storage is required.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is widely used in cosmetics and chemical processes due to its reactivity.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is especially important in hair perming and depilatory formulations.
This highlights its functional significance.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is best described as a reactive, sulfur-containing reducing agent in aqueous solution, used for breaking disulfide bonds and in various industrial and cosmetic applications.
Thioglycolic acid 80% demonstrates fast reaction kinetics with disulfide bonds, making it highly effective in short processing times.
This allows rapid chemical modification of keratin structures.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is essential for efficient cosmetic treatments.
Thioglycolic acid 80% exhibits pH-dependent behavior, where its reactivity increases in alkaline conditions.
At higher pH, the thiolate anion (–S⁻) is more active.
Thioglycolic acid 80% can participate in reversible redox systems, where reduced thiol forms can be re-oxidized to disulfides.
This is utilized in processes like hair perming.
Thioglycolic acid 80% enables controlled structural changes.
Thioglycolic acid 80% shows compatibility with various formulation additives, including surfactants and stabilizers.
This allows incorporation into complex cosmetic and industrial systems.
Formulation design is important for stability.
Thioglycolic acid 80% has corrosive characteristics at higher concentrations, especially in the 80% form.
Thioglycolic acid 80% can affect materials such as metals.
Proper material compatibility must be considered.
Thioglycolic acid 80%s chemical formula is HS–CH₂–COOH (solution ~80% active).
It belongs to the class of thiols (mercaptans).
Chemically, Thioglycolic acid 80% contains both a thiol group (–SH) and a carboxylic acid group (–COOH).
The thiol group gives strong reducing properties.
The carboxyl group provides acidity and water solubility.
Physically, Thioglycolic acid 80% appears as a colorless to slightly yellow liquid with a strong, unpleasant sulfur (rotten egg-like) odor.
The 80% form is a concentrated aqueous solution.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is highly soluble in water.
Thioglycolic acid 80% exhibits strong reducing ability, especially toward disulfide bonds.
It can break sulfur–sulfur (–S–S–) bonds in proteins.
This property is widely used in hair treatments.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is readily oxidized by air to the corresponding disulfide [SCH2CO2H]2.
Thioglycolic acid 80% was developed in the 1940s for use as a chemical depilatory and is still used as such, especially in salt forms, including calcium thioglycolate and sodium thioglycolate.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is the precursor to ammonium thioglycolate that is used for permanents.
Thioglycolic acid 80% and its derivatives break the disulfide bonds in the cortex of hair. One reforms these broken bonds in giving hair a "perm."
Alternatively and more commonly, the process leads to depilation as is done commonly in leather processing.
It is also used as an acidity indicator, manufacturing of thioglycolates, and in bacteriology for preparation of thioglycolate media.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is the organic compound HSCH2CO2H.
Thioglycolic acid 80% contains both a thiol (mercaptan) and a carboxylic acid.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is a clear liquid with a strong unpleasant odor.
Melting point: −16 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 96 °C / 5 mm Hg (lit.)
Density: 1.326 g/mL at 20 °C (lit.)
vapor density: 3.2 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 0.4 mm Hg (25 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.505 (lit.)
Flash point: 126 °C
storage temp.: Store at +2°C to +8°C
solubility: Chloroform (Sparingly), Methanol (Sparingly)
form: Liquid
pKa: 3.68 (at 25℃)
color: clear, colorless
Odor: strong unpleasant odor
pH: 1 (H2O, 20℃)
Water Solubility: soluble
Sensitive: Air Sensitive
Merck: 14,9336
BRN: 506166
Exposure limits: TLV-TWA 1 ppm (~3.8 mg/m³) (ACGIH)
Stability: Air Sensitive
Cosmetics Ingredients Functions: DEPILATORY; REDUCING; ANTIOXIDANT; HAIR WAVING OR STRAIGHTENING
InChI: 1S/C2H4O2S/c3-2(4)1-5/h5H,1H2,(H,3,4)
InChIKey: CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: OC(=O)CS
LogP: 0.090
Thioglycolic acid 80% is highly reactive toward oxidizing agents, which can convert it into disulfides.
This reaction is often controlled in industrial and cosmetic processes.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is part of reversible redox systems.
The presence of the thiol group gives it a strong characteristic odor, typical of sulfur compounds.
This odor is often noticeable even at low concentrations.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is a key handling consideration.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is fully miscible with water and polar solvents, allowing easy formulation.
Thioglycolic acid 80% can be incorporated into aqueous systems.
This supports its widespread use.
Thioglycolic acid 80% can act as a chelating agent for metal ions, forming complexes.
This may influence stability in certain systems.
Formulations must account for this behavior.
The 80% solution form indicates high concentration and reactivity, requiring careful handling.
Dilution is often necessary before use.
This ensures safe and controlled application.
Thioglycolic acid 80% may undergo gradual oxidation when exposed to air, forming dithiodiglycolic acid.
This reduces its effectiveness over time.
Proper storage in sealed containers is important.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is a highly reactive, water-soluble thiol compound with strong reducing power and affinity for disulfide bonds, widely used in cosmetic, chemical, and industrial applications.
Thioglycolic acid 80% can influence protein structure and mechanical properties by breaking crosslinks.
This alters strength and flexibility of protein-based materials.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is key in cosmetic applications.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is often used in systems requiring controlled reduction followed by oxidation steps.
This sequence allows structural reformation.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is central to permanent wave processes.
Because of its sulfur functionality, it may contribute to odor and volatility concerns in formulations.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is a sulfur-containing carboxylic acid.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is a conjugate acid of a thioglycolate(1-).
Thioglycolic acid 80% is prepared from Sodium sulfide plus Sodium monochloride acetate to yield Dithioglycollic acid.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is a chemical compound commonly used in cosmetics, particularly in hair removal products.
Its primary function is to break down the protein structure of hair, making it more pliable and easier to remove.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is a key component in depilatory creams and lotions, where it works by disrupting the disulfide bonds in the keratin protein of hair.
This chemical reaction weakens the hair shaft, allowing for mechanical removal or its dissolution.
While effective in hair removal, products containing thioglycolic acid should be used with caution, as they may cause skin irritation.
The chemical formula of this ingredient is C2H4O2S and it is also known by some other names like Mercaptoacetic acid.
Thioglycolic acid 80% exhibits strong affinity with disulfide bonds in keratin proteins, such as those found in hair.
Thioglycolic acid 80% reduces –S–S– bonds to –SH groups.
This allows reshaping or removal of hair.
Thioglycolic acid 80% shows both acidic and reducing behavior, making it chemically versatile.
Thioglycolic acid 80% can participate in redox reactions and proton transfer.
This dual functionality is important in formulations.
Uses:
Thioglycolic acid 80% is used in metal cleaning and pickling processes.
Thioglycolic acid 80% helps remove oxides and impurities from metal surfaces.
This improves surface preparation.
In polymer and material processing, it can be used to modify or reduce certain structures.
Thioglycolic acid 80% affects crosslinking and bonding.
This supports specialized applications.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is applied in analytical chemistry as a reagent for metal ion complexation and reduction.
It helps in detection and analysis.
This supports laboratory work.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is also used in textile processing for modifying protein-based fibers such as wool.
It alters fiber properties.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is used wherever strong reducing action, disulfide bond cleavage, and sulfur-based reactions are required, especially in cosmetics, leather processing, metal treatment, and chemical synthesis.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is an organic compound containing both a thiol and a carboxylic acid.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is a precursor to ammonium thioglycolate, a chemical used for permanents.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is used in organic synthesis as a nucleophile in thioglycolysis reactions and is used as a S transfer agent for sulfonyl chloride synthesis.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is used as a reagent formetals analysis; in the manufacture of thioglycolates, pharmaceuticals, and permanentwave solutions; and as a vinyl stabilizer.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is an intermediate in the production of thiomethoprol (caputril), biotin, thiozinc acid, sodium dithiosuccinate and other pharmaceuticals, and is also an intermediate in the synthesis of cysteine, hormonal agent, and industrial disinfectant.
And an important raw material for the synthesis of sulfuric acid.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is used as antioxidant and stabilizer in pharmaceuticals to enhance the stability of the main drug and prolong the validity period of pharmaceutical preparations.
Ammonium and sodium salts of thioglycolic acid are mainly used as curling agents, calcium salts can be used as depilatory agents, polymerization initiators, accelerators and chain transfer agents, and can be used for hair removal before cosmetic surgery and animal experiments.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is used to make epoxy resin, catalyst of bisphenol A, and it can also be used as the basic raw material for synthesizing PVC transparent plastic and organic antimony and organic tin heat stabilizer.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is widely used in hair perming formulations.
Thioglycolic acid 80% breaks disulfide bonds in keratin to reshape hair structure.
This allows permanent curling or straightening.
In depilatory (hair removal) products, it acts as a reducing agent to weaken hair structure.
Thioglycolic acid 80% breaks down keratin proteins.
This enables easy removal of hair.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is used in cosmetic treatments for hair straightening and relaxing.
It modifies the internal structure of hair fibers.
This improves manageability and styling.
In leather processing, it is used for dehairing and softening hides.
Thioglycolic acid 80% breaks protein bonds in hair and skin.
This facilitates leather preparation.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is applied in chemical synthesis as a reducing agent and intermediate.
It participates in reactions involving sulfur chemistry.
This supports industrial production.
Safety Profile:
Skin contact can cause severe irritation or chemical burns.
Thioglycolic acid 80% can damage skin tissue, especially with prolonged exposure.
Protective gloves and clothing are essential.
Thioglycolic acid 80% eye contact can result in serious eye damage, including burns and potential vision impairment.
Symptoms include intense pain, redness, and tearing.
Immediate and prolonged rinsing with water is critical.
Inhalation of vapors may cause respiratory irritation and discomfort.
Symptoms can include coughing, throat irritation, and difficulty breathing.
Adequate ventilation and respiratory protection are necessary.
Ingestion is corrosive and harmful, causing burns to the mouth, throat, and gastrointestinal tract.
Thioglycolic acid 80% may lead to nausea, vomiting, and serious injury.
Immediate medical attention is required.
Thioglycolic acid can release strong, unpleasant sulfur odors, which may indicate vapor exposure.
These vapors can be irritating even at low concentrations.
Odor control and ventilation are important.
Thioglycolic acid 80% is chemically reactive, especially with oxidizing agents and metals.
Reactions may generate heat or hazardous byproducts.
Careful handling and storage away from incompatible substances are required.
Poison by ingestion, skin contact, intraperitoneal, and intravenous routes.
Moderately toxic by subcutaneous route a corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.
When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of SOx.
Thioglycolic acid 80% presents high hazards, mainly due to its corrosive nature, strong reducing activity, and release of irritating sulfur-containing vapors.
The 80% concentration makes it particularly reactive and hazardous.
Strict safety precautions are required.
