TIPA

TIPA = Triisopropanolamine = 1,1′,1′′-Nitrilotri(propan-2-ol)

CAS NO: 122-20-3
EC NUMBER: 204-528-4

TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is an amine used for a variety of industrial applications including as an emulsifier, stabilizer, and chemical intermediate.
It is also used to neutralize acidic components of some herbicides.
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is the organic compound with the formula CH3CH(OH)CH2NH2. 
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is an amino alcohol. 
The term isopropanolamine may also refer more generally to the additional homologs diisopropanolamine (DIPA) and triisopropanolamine (TIPA).
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is chiral. 
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) can be prepared by the addition of aqueous ammonia to propylene oxide.

Use and Manufacturing
Household Products
• Home Maintenance
• Inside the Home
• Landscaping/Yard
• Personal Care

TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is a hydroxylamine compound with organic amine and Hydroxyl used in admixture especially for increasing final strengths of cement, concrete and mortar.

Biosynthesis
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is one of the components incorporated in the biosynthesis of cobalamin. 
The O-phosphate ester is produced from threonine by the enzyme Threonine-phosphate decarboxylase.

Applications
The isopropanolamines are used as buffers. 
They are good solubilizers of oil and fat, so they are used to neutralize fatty acids and sulfonic acid-based surfactants. 
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is typically used in metalworking fluid, waterborne coatings, personal care products, and in the production of titanium dioxide and polyurethanes.
It is an intermediate in the synthesis of a variety of pharmaceutical drugs.
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is metabolised to aminoacetone by the enzyme (R)-aminopropanol dehydrogenase.

Isopropanolamines, due to their properties, have a wide range of applications as emulsifiers, stabilizers, viscosity modifiers, neutralizers. 
In addition, they are used as an intermediate chemical for the production of surfactants and optical brighteners, as well as for the purification of industrial gases. 
Very effective as a component of coolants and plastics, and moreover as an antistatic agent in the paper industry.
They are used as additives for concrete and cement. 
They are used in the production of corrosion inhibitors, in the paint and varnish industry and coatings.

TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), fuels and cosmetics and personal care products.
Other release to the environment of TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids) and outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)).
Article service life
Release to the environment of TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) can occur from industrial use: of articles where the substances are not intended to be released and where the conditions of use do not promote release.
Other release to the environment of TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) can be found in products with material based on: stone, plaster, cement, glass or ceramic (e.g. dishes, pots/pans, food storage containers, construction and isolation material), plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones), stone, plaster, cement, glass and ceramic used for large surface area articles (e.g. construction and building materials for floor coverings, isolation articles), plastic used for large surface area articles (e.g. construction and building materials for flooring, insulation) and plastic used for toys and other articles intended for children’s use, including baby-bottles.

TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is used in the following products: laboratory chemicals, lubricants and greases, metal working fluids and inks and toners.
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is used in the following areas: building & construction work and printing and recorded media reproduction.

TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is used in the following products: fuels and inks and toners.
Release to the environment of TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Uses at industrial sites
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is used in the following products: paper chemicals and dyes, textile treatment products and dyes, inks and toners, laboratory chemicals, leather treatment products, lubricants and greases and metal working fluids.
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is used in the following areas: building & construction work.
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur, chemicals and pulp, paper and paper products.
Release to the environment of TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates) and in the production of articles.
Manufacture
Release to the environment of TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.

Triisopropanolamine (TIPA) is a compound of hydroxylamine with an organic amine and hydroxyl used in a mixture, especially to increase the final strength of cement, concrete and mortar.

Areas of use
Triisopropanolamine (TIPA)  is used in the following conditions and applications.

•For high-performance concrete production.
•For the production of precast concrete
•For concrete admixture formulations where the setting is desired.
•For the production of ready-mixed concrete with and without a pump.
•To increase the hardening and setting of concrete.

Application details

It is generally compatible to use Triisopropanolamine (TIPA) in formulations of concrete admixtures with raw materials based on naphthalenesulfonate, melamine sulfonate, lignin sulfonate and polycarboxylate.

Triisopropanolamine (TIPA) is a chemical compound with the molecular formula used as an emulsifier, stabilizer, and chemical intermediate.
Triisopropanolamine (TIPA) can be prepared by the reaction of isopropanolamine or ammonia with propylene oxide.

A basic chemical used in many applications serving as an emulsifier, stabilizer, chemical intermediate and neutralizer that achieves basicity, buffering and alkalinity objectives. 
Building block in the manufacture of triazine based corrosion inhibitors. 
Triisopropanolamine (TIPA) acts as a neutralizer for water-based coatings.

USES
• General adhesives and binding agents for a variety of uses
• Related to the growing of flowers as crops
• Binding agents, used in paint, sand, etc    
• Related to the building or construction process for buildings or boats (includes activities such as plumbing and electrical work, bricklaying, etc)    
• Caulk, mortar, or putty compounds    
• Related to all forms of cleaning/washing, including cleaning products used in the home, laundry detergents, soaps, de-greasers, spot removers, etc
• General construction (as opposed to those things labeled building_construction)
• Plastic products, industry for plastics, manufacturing of plastics, plastic additives
• Fillers for paints, textiles, plastics, etc    
• Includes antifoaming agents, coagulating agents, dispersion agents, emulsifiers, flotation agents, foaming agents, viscosity adjustors, etc
• Includes food packaging, paper plates, cutlery, small appliances such as roasters, etc.; does not include facilities that manufacture food
• Plastic products, industry for plastics, manufacturing of plastics, plastic additives (modifiers included when known
• Generally related to automobiles or their manufacture
• Components of automobiles (e.g. gaskets, cavity seals, bearings, gears), accessories such as batteries or safety accessories, etc
• Materials used in the building process, such as flooring, insulation, caulk, tile, wood, glass, etc.
• Wood used as a building material, wood preservatives    
• Related to manufacturing for export 
• Furniture, or the manufacturing of furniture (can include chairs and tables, and more general furniture such as mattresses, patio furniture, etc.)
• Manufacturing of or related to machinery, for production of cement or food, air/spacescraft machinery, electrical machinery, etc
• Related to metals - manufacturing of metals, casting of metals, production of metals, surface treatment of metals, etc
• Various types of paint for various uses
• Related to the manufcturing of pulp or paper products, or paper products in general
• Plastic products, industry for plastics, manufacturing of plastics, plastic additives
• Raw materials used in a variety of products and industries (e.g. in cosmetics, chemical manufacturing, production of metals, etc)
• Rubber products (e.g. tires) and their manufacture
• Relatived to the maintenance and repair of automobiles, products for cleaning and caring for automobiles (auto shampoo, polish/wax, undercarriage treatment, brake grease) 
• Furniture, or the manufacturing of furniture (can include chairs and tables, and more general furniture such as mattresses, patio furniture, etc.)
• Modifier included when source indicates the product is water based    
• Personal care products, including cosmetics, shampoos, perfumes, soaps, lotions, toothpastes, etc
• Chemicals on lists subject to restrictions of use (i.e. some use allowed, but use is limited) in Europe
• Substances used for preventing, destroying or mitigating pests    
• Inert ingredients in a pesticide    
• Related to photography, film, photographic equipment, photographic laboraties, photochemicals, and developing of photographs
• Related to fracking, natural gas, industrial gases    
• Paint removers, graffiti removers, or general solvents    
• General stabilizers
• Related to metals - manufacturing of metals, casting of metals, production of metals, surface treatment of metals, etc
• Related to chairs and seats
• Emulsifying agents.
• Crosslinking agent (rubber); emulsifier/corrosion inhibitor (metal working fluids); surfactant/solubilising agent
• Color stabilizer for polyethylene formulations
• Triisopropanolamine is widely used as emulsifiers, stabilizers, surfactants and chemical intermediates. 
• Major applications include: coatings as a cross-linker, acid neutralizer to improve product stability and pesticides as a neutralizer and to improve product stability.

• Neutralize fatty acids and sulfonic acid-based surfactants
• Metalworking fluids
• Used in many applications to achieve basicity, buffering and alkalinity objectives.

Benefits:
Good solubilizers of oil and fat
Offer heat and color stability
Low formulation costs.

Industry Uses
• Adhesives and sealant chemicals
• Cement
• Processing aids, not otherwise listed
• Solvents (which become part of product formulation or mixture)
• polymer stabilizer

Consumer Uses
• Building/construction materials not covered elsewhere

General Manufacturing Information
Industry Processing Sectors
• Construction
• Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing (includes clay, glass, cement, concrete, lime, gypsum, and other nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing.
• Plastic material and resin manufacturing
• Plastics product manufacturing

Physical characteristic: Clear Yellowish       
Chemical formula: 
Molecular weight:  g/mol
Type of packaging: Barrel

TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is in the amine group of alcohol.
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is used widely in the sectors of paint and building.

Properties
Chemical formula C9H21NO3
Molar mass 191.271 g·mol−1
Appearance White to off-white solid
Melting point 48–52 °C (118–126 °F; 321–325 K)[1]
Boiling point 305 °C (581 °F; 578 K)

Description
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is a basic chemical used in many applications serving as emulsifiers, stabilizers, chemical intermediates and neutralizers that achieve basicity, buffering and alkalinity objectives.
 Major applications include water-based coating applications and agricultural products. Additional applications are antistat agents for polymers, corrosion inhibitor, electrodeposition/electrocoating, lubricants, paper, pigment dispersion, plastics, polyurethane additive, reaction intermediates, rubber curing, surfactants, mineral dispersion, and urethanes.

· TIPA LFG—This triisopropanolamine is a low freeze grade variation of TIPA for easier handling in colder ambient temperatures (freezing point: 5ºC/41ºF). 
It is a blend of 85% TIPA and 15% deionized water.
· TIPA 101—This triisopropanolamine is the non-prime product from the process. 
It is a blend of 90% TIPA and highers and 10% deionized water, with a freezing point of 17.2ºC/62.6ºF

Features and Benefits
Coatings
· Cross-linker in special niche water-based coating applications
· In waterborne coatings: good acid neutralization, improves water solubility, blocks organic acids in water, improves package stability, reduces water-sensitivity and discolouration
Herbicides/Algaecides/Fungicides/Pesticides
· Neutralizes acidic herbicides and other acidic components.
· Good water solubility, freeze stability

TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is a white solid with a slight odour of ammonia. Denser than water.
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is widely used as emulsifiers, stabilizers, surfactants and chemical intermediates. 
Major applications include coatings as a cross-linker, acid neutralizer to improve product stability and pesticides as a neutralizer and to improve product stability.
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is an indirect food additive for use only as a component of adhesives.

Diisopropanolamine, TIPA, isopropanolamine, & mixed isopropanolamine are used as water-soluble emulsifiers & neutralizers in cosmetic products at concns up to 1%. 

TIPA (Triisopropanolamine)'s production and use as a crosslinking agent for coatings, emulsifiers and surfactants, and use as a chemical intermediate may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams.
If released to air, a vapour pressure of 9.75X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) will exist in both the vapour and particulate phases in the atmosphere. 
Vapor-phase TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be about 3 hours. 
Particulate-phase TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) will be removed from the atmosphere by wet or dry deposition. 
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) absorbs light at wavelengths >290 nm and may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. 
If released to soil, TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 10. 
The pKa of TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is 8.06, indicating that this compound will exist partially in cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts. 
Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 9.8X10-12 atm-cu m/mole. 
Volatilization from moist soil is not expected based on Henry's Law constant. 
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapour pressure. 

Uses of TIPA
Triisopropanolamine (TIPA) is used in the following conditions and applications.

• For high-performance concrete production.
• For precast and precast concrete production.
• For concrete admixture formulations where early strength is desired.
• For Ready-mixed concrete production with and without pump.
• For increasing the final and early strength of concrete.
• Improves the grinding efficiency resulting energy savings.

TIPA (Triisopropanolamine is generaly compatible to use TIPA (Triisopropanolamine in concrete admixture recipes with Naphthalene Sulfonate, Melamine Sulfonate, Lignin Sulfonate and Polycarboxylate based raw materials.

General description
Triisopropanolamine (TIPA), a tertiary alkanolamine, is majorly used as a grinding chemical that reduces agglomeration in the ball milling process and changes the particle distribution of the finished cement.

Application
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) can act as an interfacial transition zone (ITZ) to improve the mechanical properties of the mortar and the concrete. 
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) can also be used to increase the compressive strength of the cement-fly ash system by accelerating the hydration of both the compounds.
The amine Triisopropanolamine is used in industrial applications as a stabilizer, intermediate and emulsifier.

What Is TIPA (Triisopropanolamine)?
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) and Diisopropanolamine are white solids, whereas Isopropanolamine and Mixed Isopropanolamines occur as clear, colourless liquids. 
In cosmetics and personal care products, these ingredients are used in the formulation of permanent waves and other hair products, and bath, skin, fragrance and indoor tanning products.

Why is TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) used in cosmetics and personal care products?
TIPA, Diisopropanolamine, Isopropanolamine and Mixed Isopropanolamines are used to control the pH of cosmetics and personal care products, and these ingredients help to form emulsions by reducing the surface tension of the substances to be emulsified. 
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) also prevents the corrosion (rust) of metallic materials used in packaging cosmetics and personal care products.

Scientific Facts: 
Diisopropanolamine and Isopropanolamine have a tendency to darken in colour with prolonged exposure to air or iron. 
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) reduces the tendency of a metal used in packaging to be attacked by the contents of the package.

Triisopropanolamine is used as a cross-linker in special niche water-based coating applications. 
The cement and concrete industries use TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) as a grinding aid, and it is used in concrete admixtures. 
TIPA (Triisopropanolamine) is used as a neutralizing agent in agricultural products and waterborne coatings.

Cement & Concrete improves the grinding efficiency resulting in energy savings; prevents agglomeration or clumping; as water-reducing agents.
Rubber curing Chain terminator in isoprene polymerization.
Polyurethane Used as Cross-linker to improve PU foam quality.
Metalworking to improve corrosion protection, antioxidants.

STORAGE
Shelf time of TIPA is one year, and after then it could still be available once has passed a chemical test.

IUPAC NAMES
1,1',1''-nitrilopropan-2-ol
1,1',1''-NITRILOTRI-2-PROPANOL
1,1',1''-nitrilotripropan-2-ol
1,1',1''-nitrilotripropan-2-ol
1,1',1''-nitrilotripropan-2-ol / triisopropanolamine
1-(bis(2-hydroxypropyl)amino)propan-2-ol
1-[bis(2-hydroxypropyl)amino]propan-2-ol
2-Propanol, 1,1,1-nitrilotris-
Triisopropanolamine
triisopropanolamine
Triisopropanolamine
Triisopropanolamine (mixture of isomer)

SYNONYMS: 
Triisopropanolamine
122-20-3
1,1',1''-Nitrilotripropan-2-ol
TIPA
Tri-2-propanolamine
Tri-iso-propanolamine
Tris(2-propanol)amine
1-[bis(2-hydroxypropyl)amino]propan-2-ol
2-Propanol, 1,1',1''-nitrilotris-
Tris(2-hydroxy-1-propyl)amine
TRIS(2-HYDROXYPROPYL)AMINE
2-Propanol, 1,1',1''-nitrilotri-
1,1',1''-Nitrilotri-2-propanol
1,1',1''-Nitrilotris(propan-2-ol)
3,3',3''-Nitrilotri(2-propanol)
1,1',1''-Nitrilotris(2-propanol)
Triisopropanolamine, 98%
Caswell No. 891
1,1',1''-Nitrilotris[2-propanol]
CAS-122-20-3
tri(2-hydroxy-1-propyl)-amine
trisisopropanolamine
tris(isopropanol)amine
Triisopropanolamine, 95%
EC 204-528-4
tris-(2-hydroxypropyl)amine
4-04-00-01680 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
1,1''-Nitrilotri-2-propanol
3,3''-Nitrilotri(2-propanol)
1,1''-Nitrilotris(2-propanol)
CHEBI:170017
2-Propanol,1',1''-nitrilotri-
1,1,1-Nitrilotris(propan-2-ol)
2-Propanol,1',1''-nitrilotris-
1,1',1''-nitrilotris-2-propanol