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TITANIUM TETRACHLORIDE

CAS NO.: 7550-45-0
EC/LIST NO.: 231-441-9

Titanium tetrachloride is an inorganic compound with the formula TiCl4.
Titanium tetrachloride is a volatile liquid.
Titanium tetrachloride forms opaque clouds of titanium dioxide and hydrogen chloride when interacting with moisture in the air.
Titanium tetrachloride enters an exothermic reaction with water. The HCl gas it creates in the air is dangerous.
Titanium tetrachloride is a strong Lewis acid.

Titanium tetrachloride is a colorless to pale yellow liquid that has fumes with a strong odor.
If Titanium tetrachloride comes in contact with water, it rapidly forms hydrochloric acid, as well as titanium compounds.
Titanium tetrachloride is not found naturally in the environment and is made from minerals that contain titanium.
Titanium tetrachloride is used to make titanium metal and other titanium-containing compounds, such as titanium dioxide, which is used as a white pigment in paints and other products and to produce other chemicals.

Titanium tetrachloride appears as a colorless fuming liquid with a pungent odor.
Corrosive to metals and tissue.
Very toxic by inhalation.

Titanium tetrachloride is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a strong penetrating odor.
If Titanium tetrachloride comes in contact with water, it rapidly forms hydrochloric acid, as well as titanium compounds.
Titanium tetrachloride is not found naturally in the environment and is made from minerals that contain titanium.
Titanium tetrachloride is the most toxic of the titanium compounds and is highly corrosive and unstable and undergoes rapid hydrolysis through a vigorous exothermic reaction generating a large quantity of heat and hydrolysis products such as hydrochloric acid and other titanium compounds including titanium hydroxide, titanium oxychloride, and titanium dioxide.
Titanium tetrachloride may ignite other combustible materials (e.g., wood, oil, etc.) and produce toxic gases.
Runoff to sewers may create fires or explosion hazards.

Titanium(IV) Chloride (Titanium Tetrachloride) is generally immediately available in most volumes.
Ultra high purity, high purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.
American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.
Typical and custom packaging is available.
Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.

Titanium Tetrachloride is used for a variety of products; electronic components, catalysts for manufacturing polyolefin, pearl pigments, and evaporation materials

Titanium tetrachloride is the main raw material for making titanium sponge and titanium chloride.
Used as an important component of ethylene polymerization catalysts.
Titanium tetrachloride is used in the manufacture of pigments and titanium organic compounds as well as smoke agents for national defense.
Titanium tetrachloride is also a good solvent for dissolving various organic substances such as synthetic resins, rubber, and plastics.

Preparation of titanium trichloride for the iodometric method.
Mordant.
Mix with ammonia to form a fuming agent.
Polymerization catalyst.
Glass with iridescent agent.

Titanium tetrachloride is a colorless to pale yellow liquid that has fumes with a strong odor.
If it comes in contact with water, it rapidly forms hydrochloric acid, as well as titanium compounds.
Titanium tetrachloride is not found naturally in the environment and is made from minerals that contain titanium.
Titanium tetrachloride is used to make titanium metal and other titanium-containing compounds, such as titanium dioxide, which is used as a white pigment in paints and other products and to produce other chemicals.

Titanium tetrachloride, the starting material for TiO2 pigments and titanium metal, serves the same function for many titanium compounds and is used as a catalyst as well.

Titanium Tetrachloride (chemical formula TiCl4) is a clear acidic liquid, water white to light straw yellow used in the production of catalysts, pearlescent pigments and titanium metal and the surface treatment of metal and glass.
It is also used as a Ti precursor for manufacturing titanium dioxide, organic titanates and mixed oxides.

In manufacture of titanium pigments and metal, as a catalyst in organic syntheses, in iridescent glass, as a smoke screenTitanium(IV) chloride is used to make titanium metal, pigment titanium dioxide and is used in smoke screens.
Titanium tetrachloride is involved in the activation of pyrrolidines for better conversion through a modified Bouveault reaction, to the corresponding alpha, alpha -dimethylamines.
In organometllic chemistry, it is used to prepare complexes like titanocene dichloride, which is a precursor to Ziegler-Natta catalysts.
Tebbes reagent is an aluminum containing derivative of titanocene used for the olefination reactions.

Titanium (Ti) is the ninth most abundant element on earth.
The titanium mineral ores are widely dispersed in different parts of the world.
The two main ores of titanium include rutile (TiO 2) and ilmenite (FeO.TiO 2).
Titanium tetrachloride is aimed to provide the readers with an insight to the main processes currently employed in extraction and recovery of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl 4) from different titanium ores.
Due to the crucial importance of TiCl 4 catalyst in the synthesis and polymerization of polyolefins, the present work examines the literature and developments made in the processing of ilmenite and rutile ores for the extraction of TiCl 4.
The attention has been paid to the chlorination processes and the main parameters affecting the recovery of TiCl 4.
Different approaches developed to date are reviewed.
Different processes, reaction mechanisms and conditions as well as the kinetic models developed for extraction and purification of TiCl 4 in fluidized bed reactors are also reviewed.
A literature survey on the combined fluidized bed reactor systems developed for achieving a high-grade synthetic rutile via selective chlorination from low-grade titanium ores of high metal oxides content such as magnesium oxide (MgO) and Calcium oxide (CaO) is also reported.
Different strategies adopted for avoiding agglomeration process during the extraction process are also discussed.

Titanium tetrachloride is a colourless liquid with a penetrating acidic odour.
Titanium tetrachloride does not exist naturally in the environment but is man-made.
It reacts violently with water, moisture in the air or on the skin to produce hydrochloric acid and heat.

Titanium tetrachloride is used in industry to manufacture titanium metal and titanium compounds (e.g. titanium dioxide).
Titanium tetrachloride is also used to produce artificial pearls and iridescent glass.
In the past it has been used by the textile industry to set dyes onto fabric and to produce smoke screens for the military.

Titanium tetrachloride may be released into the environment during its production, use, transport or disposal by industry.
Titanium tetrachloride is highly reactive and as such would not be expected to build up in the environment.

Titanium tetrachloride is an intermediate product in the process of manufacturing titanium sponge.
We produce titanium tetrachloride products under strict quality control and ship in appropriate containers for the type of transportation used for shipment.

Titanium tetrachloride is a colorless to pale yellow liquid that has fumes with a strong or pungent odor.
If Titanium tetrachloride comes in contact with water, it rapidly forms hydrochloric acid (HCl), as well as other titanium compounds.
While not found naturally in the environment, Titanium tetrachloride is made from minerals that contain titanium and used to make titanium metal and other titanium-containing compounds.
One such compound is titanium dioxide, which is used as a white pigment in paints, paper, and to produce other chemicals.

In the United States, Titanium Tetrachloride is typically a “tight-fill” (closed-loop) loading operation and is loaded into rail cars via chemical hoses or 3” carbon steel by-pass loading arms.
Titanium Tetrachloride, if not handled properly can cause serious injuries and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is required.
Additionally, because operators are on top of the vehicles during the loading process, fall prevention is essential, not only for safety but increases throughput.

Titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) as an alternative coagulant to remove organic matters and nutrients from the effluent of the secondary wastewater treatment was evaluated by comparison of removal efficiency of total phosphorous to Al- and Fe-based coagulants.
Also, the surface characteristics, elemental contents, and crystallinity of the TiO2 produced from wastewater sludge flocculated with TiCl4 coagulant were investigated depending on the calcination temperatures.
The more dosages of coagulants were injected, the greater concentrations of the cations (Al+3, Fe+3, Ti+4) and hydrogen ions (H+) resulted in the lower pH.
Also, Titanium tetrachloride formed larger and heavier flocs than other coagulants and resulted in greater T-P removal efficiencies with reduced amounts of dosage.

The phase change of anatase and rutile crystalline structures of TiO2 incinerated from wastewater sludges of TiCl4 coagulant was observed at relatively high calcination temperatures due to the existence of mixtures of organic matters, nutrients, and various impurities in the wastewater sludges of TiCl4 coagulant.
Both C and P atoms were found to be mainly doped in/on TiO2 and the C and P atom originated from residual carbon of the settled organic matters and phosphorus nutrients present in effluents from sewage treatment plant, respectively.
Therefore, 600–800 °C is the optimal calcination temperatures for TiO2 produced from TiCl4 coagulant flocculated with effluents from sewage treatment plant.

Titanium tetrachloride or titanium(IV) chloride is the chemical compound with the formula TiCl4.

Titanium tetrachloride is an important intermediate in the production of titanium metal and other titanium compounds.
Titanium tetrachloride is an unusual example of a liquid metal halide that is very volatile in air, where it forms spectacular opaque clouds of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and hydrogen chloride (HCl).
Titanium tetrachloride is sometimes humourously referred to as "tickle".

Titanium tetrachloride is the inorganic compound with the formula TiCl4.
Titanium tetrachloride is an important intermediate in the production of titanium metal and the pigment titanium dioxide.
Titanium tetrachloride is an unusual example of a metal halide that is highly volatile.
Upon contact with humid air, it forms spectacular opaque clouds of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and hydrogen chloride (HCl).
Titanium tetrachloride is sometimes referred to as "tickle" due to the phonetic resemblance of its molecular formula (TiCl4) to the word.

TiCl4 is a colorless fuming liquid with a pungent odor.
Corrosive to metals and tissue.
Production of metal titanium, titanium dichloride, organic titanium Compounds, titanate and smog bomb; inportant composition of producting acry and ethylene catalyst.

Molecular Weight : 189.73
Boiling Point   : 136.4 degree C (1,013.25hPa)
Melting Point   : -25 degree C
Specific Gravity   : 1.726 (15-20 degree C)
Vapor Density   : 197.4 (Oxygen=16)
Vapor Pressure   : logP=7.64433-1947.6/T (P:mmHg,T:K)
Critical Temperature   : 358 degree C
Specific Heat   : 35.7 cal/mol degree C (liquid)(13-99 degree C)
Viscosity   : 0.826 C.P (20 degree C)
Heat of Vaporization   : 8.96 kcal/mol (25 degree C)
Heat of Fusion   : 2.24 kcal/mol

Heat Conductivity   : 0.073 kcal/m.hr.degree C
Surface Tension   : 34.03 dyn/cm (13 degree C)
Dielectric Constant   : 2.83 (10C), 2.79 (20 degree C)
Coefficient of Cubical Expansion   : 0.001086 (0-100 degree C)
Entropy   : 60.4±2 cal/mol. degree C (25 degree C, liquid)
84.4±1 cal/mol. degree C (25 degree C, vapor)
Heat of Formation   : -198.5±10 kcal/mol (0 degree C, solid)
-184.3±10 kcal/mol (0 degree C, gas)

TiCl4 is produced by the chloride process, which involves the reduction of titanium oxide ores, typically ilmenite (FeTiO3) or perovskite (CaTiO3) with carbon under flowing chlorine at 900 °C.
Impurities are removed by fractional distillation.

2 FeTiO3 + 7 Cl2 + 6 C → 2 TiCl4 + 2 FeCl3 + 6 CO
2 CaTiO3 + 7 Cl2 + 6 C → 2 TiCl4 + 3 CaCl2 + 6 CO

Titanium tetrachloride can also be prepared by reacting anhydrous calcium chloride with titanium dioxide at very high temperatures.
The reaction gives calcium titanate and TiCl4

CaCl2 + 2 TiO2 → CaTiO3 + TiCl4

A verified route by SM user Plante1999 involves reacting heating a mixture of sodium pyrosulfate, a titanate and sodium chloride until it melts.
The mixture will give off TiCl4 and sodium sulfate.

4 Na2S2O7 + 4 NaCl + TiO2 → 2 Na2SO4 + TiCl4

Reducing titanium dioxide with carbon will give titanium carbide which reacts more readily with chlorine gas, giving titanium tetrachloride.

Metallic titanium will also react with chlorine above 350 °C, best if the titanium metal is in sponge form.

Titanium Tetrachloride is widely used in Production of metal titanium, titanium dichloride,organic titanium compounds,titanate and smog bomb;important composition of producing acryl and ethylene catalyst.

IUPAC NAME :

Tetrachlorotitanium

Titanium tetrachloride

titanium tetrachloride

Titanium Tetrachloride

Titanium tetrachloride

SYNONYMS:

Titanium tetrachloride
231-441-9
231-444-5
7550-45-0
MFCD00011267
TETRACHLOROTITANIUM
Tetrachlorure de titane
Tétrachlorure de titane(4+)
TiCl4 [Formula]
Titaantetrachloride