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Tricalcium phosphate is the calcium salt of phosphoric acid with widely used applications.
Tricalcium phosphate occur abundantly in nature in several forms and are the principal minerals for the production of phosphate fertilizers and for a range of phosphorus compounds.
For example, the tribasic variety (precipitated calcium phosphate), Ca3(PO4)2, is the principal inorganic constituent of bone ash.
CAS: 7758-87-4
MF: Ca3O8P2
MW: 310.18
EINECS: 231-840-8
Synonyms
APATITE TTCP, MONOCLINIC;calcium phosphate，tertiary;tricalcium phosphate for technical grade;bonarka;calcigenolsimple;calciumorthophosphate,tri-(tert);calciumphosphate(3:2);calciumphosphate(ca3(po4)2)
The acid salt Ca(H2PO4)2, produced by treating mineral phosphates with sulfuric acid, is employed as a plant food and stabilizer for plastics.
Tricalcium phosphate is a natural constituent of mammals, and it is a component of bone replacement transplants in much higher amounts with no toxicological problems.
Tricalcium phosphate are the largest group of artificial bone graft substitutes.
This is mainly due to their close resemblance to the mineral components of bone.
Tricalcium phosphate can be used as a countermeasure for exposure to strontium and radium radionuclides.
Upon oral uptake, Tricalcium phosphate competes for and blocks the absorption of radium (Ra-226) and strontium (Sr-90) in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
Tricalcium phosphate occurs in nature as minerals, such as oxyapatite, whitlockite, voelicherite, apatite, and phosphorite.
Tricalcium phosphate has many industrial applications, some of which are similar to those of the monobasic and dibasic salts.
Tricalcium phosphate is used in fertilizers, dental products, ceramics, and polishing powder.
Other important applications include its use: As a stabilizer in plastics; As an anticaking agent; As a nutrient supplement in cattle feed; For clarifying sugar syrup; As a mordant in dyeing textiles; And as a buffer to control pH.
Tricalcium phosphate is a calcium phosphate.
Tricalcium phosphate belongs to the category of calcium-phosphate based ceramics, which has been involved in the preparation of a new biosynthetic material possessing morphogenetic activity that is used as a bone implant.
Tricalcium phosphate, more commonly known as Calcium phosphate, is a calcium salt of phosphoric acid with the chemical formula Ca3(PO4)2.
Tricalcium phosphate is also known as tribasic calcium phosphate and bone phosphate of lime (BPL).
Tricalcium phosphate is a white solid of low solubility.
Most commercial samples of "tricalcium phosphate" are in fact hydroxyapatite.
Tricalcium phosphate exists as three crystalline polymorphs α, α′, and β.
The α and α′ states are stable at high temperatures.
Tricalcium phosphate is an inorganic compound that appears as a fine, white, odorless powder.
Primarily used as a source of calcium in food, pharmaceutical, and nutritional products.
Tricalcium Phosphate is a key ingredient in various dietary supplements and food fortification applications due to its ability to support bone health and provide essential calcium.
As a food-grade product, Tricalcium phosphate meets the National Formulary (N.F.) standards, ensuring it is safe for consumption.
Tricalcium phosphate is also known by alternate names such as Calcium Phosphate, tribasic calcium phosphate and bone phosphate of lime (BPL).
Tricalcium phosphate Chemical Properties
Melting point: 1670°C
Density: 3.14
Refractive index: 1.63
FEMA: 3081 | TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE
Storage temp.: room temp
Solubility: Practically insoluble in water. It dissolves in dilute hydrochloric acid and in dilute nitric acid.
Form: aqueous suspension
Color: White
PH: 6-8 (50g/l, H2O, 20°C) suspension
Odor: Odorless
Water Solubility: 0.1 g/L (25 ºC)
Merck: 13,1699
Solubility Product Constant (Ksp): pKsp: 28.68
InChIKey: QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H
LogP: -2.15
CAS DataBase Reference: 7758-87-4(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Tricalcium phosphate (7758-87-4)
Calcium phosphate, also known as tricalcium phosphate, is a white or almost white powder that is insoluble in water.
Tricalcium phosphate reacts with silicon oxide and carbon at electric furnace temperatures to yield phosphorus vapor.
When reacted with sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), Tricalcium phosphate forms different products depending on the proportions used: phosphoric acid, dicalcium hydrogen phosphate (CaHPO₄, a white insoluble solid), or calcium dihydrogen phosphate (Ca(H₂PO₄)₂·H₂O, a white soluble solid).
Tricalcium phosphate's solubility product constant (Ksp) is 28.70.
White amorphous powder; refractive index 1.63; density 3.14 g/cm3; melts at 1,670°C; insoluble in water; KSP 1.0x10-25; soluble in acids.
Uses
Tricalcium phosphate is an anticaking agent and calcium source that is a white powder that is almost insoluble in water.
Tricalcium phosphate is used as an anticaking agent in table salt and dry vinegar.
Tricalcium phosphate is used as a source of calcium and phosphorus in cereals and desserts.
Tricalcium phosphate functions as a bleaching agent in flour and in lard, and prevents undesirable coloring and improves stability for frying.
Tricalcium phosphate is also termed tribasic calcium phosphate, tricalcium orthophosphate, calcium phosphate tribasic, and precipitated calcium phosphate.
Tricalcium phosphate is an ionic compound that exists in several forms, including monobasic, dibasic, and tribasic calcium phosphate.
Monobasic Tricalcium phosphate, also termed monocalcium phosphate, calcium biphosphate, or acid calcium phosphate, is used as a leavening agent and acidulant.
Tricalcium phosphate, also termed dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, is used as a dough conditioner and mineral supplement.
Tricalcium phosphate, also termed tricalcium phosphate or precipitated calcium phosphate, is used as an anticaking agent, mineral supplement, and conditioning agent.
Tricalcium phosphate is used in the manufacture of fertilizers, H₃PO₄ (phosphoric acid), and other phosphorus compounds.
Tricalcium phosphate is also used in the production of milk-glass, polishing powders, dental powders, porcelains, and pottery; in enameling; for clarifying sugar syrups; in animal feeds as a mineral supplement; as an anticaking agent; and in the textile industry.
Industrial uses
Tricalcium phosphatefinds applications as a supplement for animal feed, as a fertiliser, in the manufacture of glass and in dental products.
Food additive
Tricalcium phosphate is used in powdered spices as an anticaking agent, e.g. to prevent table salt from caking.
Tricalcium phosphate have been assigned European food additive number E341.
Health and beauty products
Tricalcium phosphate is also found in baby powder, antacids and toothpaste.
Toothpastes with functionalized β-tricalcium phosphate (fTCP) may help remineralize tooth enamel.
Biomedical
Tricalcium phosphate is also used as a nutritional supplement and occurs naturally in cow milk, although the most common and economical forms for supplementation are calcium carbonate (which should be taken with food) and calcium citrate (which can be taken without food).
There is some debate about the different bioavailabilities of the different calcium salts.
Tricalcium phosphate can be used as a tissue replacement for repairing bony defects when autogenous bone graft is not feasible or possible.
Tricalcium phosphate may be used alone or in combination with a biodegradable, resorbable polymer such as polyglycolic acid.
Tricalcium phosphate may also be combined with autologous materials for a bone graft.
Porous β-tricalcium phosphate scaffolds are employed as drug carrier systems for local drug delivery in bone.
Preparation
Tricalcium phosphate is obtained from naturally occurring minerals for fertilizer applications.
The compound may be prepared in the laboratory by the reaction of sodium phosphate with calcium chloride with excess of ammonia.
Also, it can be prepared by treatment of calcium hydroxide with phosphoric acid:
2H3PO4 + 3Ca(OH)2 → Ca3(PO4)2 + 6H2O
Preparation
Tricalcium phosphate is produced commercially by treating hydroxyapatite with phosphoric acid and slaked lime.
Tricalcium phosphate cannot be precipitated directly from aqueous solution.
Typically double decomposition reactions are employed, involving a soluble phosphate and calcium salts, e.g. (NH4)2HPO4 + Ca(NO3)2. is performed under carefully controlled pH conditions.
The precipitate will either be "amorphous tricalcium phosphate", ATCP, or calcium deficient hydroxyapatite, CDHA, Ca9(HPO4)(PO4)5(OH), (note CDHA is sometimes termed apatitic calcium triphosphate).
Crystalline tricalcium phosphate can be obtained by calcining the precipitate.
β-Ca3(PO4)2 is generally formed, higher temperatures are required to produce α-Ca3(PO4)2.
An alternative to the wet procedure entails heating a mixture of a Tricalcium phosphate and calcium carbonate:
CaCO3 + Ca2P2O7 → Ca3(PO4)2 + CO2
