TRIDECETH-9 (PEG-9 TRIDECYL ETHER)

Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) is also used in detergent / cleaning formulations (household cleaners) where mild surfactants are needed.
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) may also be used in industrial formulations, e.g. in emulsifiers for formulations, possibly in removal of heavy metals (as one study indicates) or in other applications where emulsification or lowering interfacial tension is needed.

CAS Number: 24938-91-8 / 69011-36-5
EC Number: 607-463-3 / 500-241-6
Chem/IUPAC Name: Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-tridecyl-.omega.-hydroxy; Isotridecanol, ethoxylated
Molecular Formula: (C2 H4 O)mult-C13 H28 O

SYNONYMS:
ALFONIC TDA-9 ETHOXYLATE, CHEMAL TDA-9, DETHOX TDA-8.5, ETHAL TDA-9, MARLIPAL O 13/90, MARLIPAL O 13/99, NOVEL TDA-9 ETHOXYLATE, X9HD79I514, emulphogene, hetoxol TD-9, peg-9 tridecyl ether, poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-tridecyl-.omega.-hydroxy (9 mol EO average molar ratio); Isotridecanol, ethoxylated, polyethylene glycol (9) tridecyl ether, polyoxyethylene (9) tridecyl alcohol ether, polyoxyethylene (9) tridecyl ether, 2- tridecoxyethanol (peg-9), 2-( tridecyloxy)ethanol (peg-9), emulphogene, hetoxol TD-9, peg-9 tridecyl ether, poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-tridecyl-.omega.-hydroxy (9 mol EO average molar ratio); Isotridecanol, ethoxylated, polyethylene glycol (9) tridecyl ether, polyoxyethylene (9) tridecyl alcohol ether, polyoxyethylene (9) tridecyl ether, 2- tridecoxyethanol (peg-9), 2-( tridecyloxy)ethanol (peg-9), ALFONIC TDA-9 ETHOXYLATE, CHEMAL TDA-9, DETHOX TDA-8.5, ETHAL TDA-9, MARLIPAL O 13/90, MARLIPAL O 13/99, NOVEL TDA-9 ETHOXYLATE, PEG-9 TRIDECYL ETHER, POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 450 TRIDECYL ETHER, POLYOXYETHYLENE (9) TRIDECYL ETHER, TRIDECETH-9, 24938-91-8, ALFONIC TDA-9 ETHOXYLATE, CHEMAL TDA-9, DETHOX TDA-8.5, ETHAL TDA-9, MARLIPAL O 13/90, MARLIPAL O 13/99, NOVEL TDA-9 ETHOXYLATE, PEG-9 TRIDECYL ETHER, POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 450 TRIDECYL ETHER, POLYOXYETHYLENE (9) TRIDECYL ETHER, Trideceth-9, PEG-9 Tridecyl Ether, Polyoxyethylene (9) tridecyl ether, Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α-tridecyl-ω-hydroxy, Ethoxylated Tridecyl Alcohol, Tridecyl Alcohol, Ethoxylated, 2-(tridecyloxy)ethanol (PEG-9), 2-tridecoxyethanol (PEG-9), Polyethylene Glycol (9) Tridecyl Ether

Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) is a chemical compound, 13 carbon chains alkyl polyethylene glycol (PEG (Polyethylene glycol)) ether of ethoxylated fatty Tridecyl alcohol (9 mol).
The name describes the structure of Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether): Tridec refers to tridecyl alcohol, a fatty alcohol with a chain of 13 carbons, which forms the basis of the molecule.

-eth indicates that ethylene oxide units have been added to the molecule.
-9 means that, on average, 9 ethylene oxide units are added to each molecule of tridecyl alcohol.
In terms of raw materials, Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) is primarily produced from two components:

Tridecanol - This is a fatty alcohol with a chain of 13 carbon atoms.
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) is primarily derived from natural sources such as vegetable oils.
Ethylene oxide - This is a chemical compound used to ethoxylate the fatty alcohol.

The ethylene oxide reacts with the alcohol to form a polyethylene glycol ether, which is Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether).
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) is the polyethylene glycol ether of Tridecanol (q.v.) that conforms generally to the formula: (C2H4O)nC13H28O, where n has an average value of 9.

Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) is an essential ingredient in the world of cosmetics and personal care.
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) is used as a surfactant that works well with both water and oil.
Hence, Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) works well as a cleansing and foaming agent.

In its raw form, Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) appears as a hazy liquid that has a very mild odor.
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) is also beneficial in reducing the surface tension between different ingredients in a formulation and making them more stable.

Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) is a chemical compound, 13 carbon chains alkyl polyethylene glycol (PEG (Polyethylene glycol)) ether of ethoxylated fatty Tridecyl alcohol (9 mol).
The name describes the structure of the molecule: Tridec refers to tridecyl alcohol, a fatty alcohol with a chain of 13 carbons, which forms the basis of the molecule.

USES and APPLICATIONS of TRIDECETH-9 (PEG-9 TRIDECYL ETHER):
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) as well as in cosmetic products, is used for the removal of heavy metals such as Cadmium from wastewater.
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) is widely used in cosmetics & personal care as a non-ionic surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer.

Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) helps mix oil- and water-based ingredients, stabilize emulsions, help texture / spreadability, cleansing.
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) is found in skin care, hair care products (shampoos, creams, lotions etc.).
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) is also used in detergent / cleaning formulations (household cleaners) where mild surfactants are needed.

Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) may also be used in industrial formulations, e.g. in emulsifiers for formulations, possibly in removal of heavy metals (as one study indicates) or in other applications where emulsification or lowering interfacial tension is needed.

-Surfactant - Cleansing agent uses of Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether):
Cosmetic products used to cleanse the skin utilise the surface-active action that produces a lowering of the surface tension of the stratum corneum, facilitating the removal of dirt and impurities.

-Emulsion stabilizer uses of Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether):
Emulsions are thermodynamically unstable.
Emulsion stabilisers improve the formation and stability of single and double emulsions.
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) should be noted that in the structure-function relationship, molar mass plays an important role.

FUNCTION(S) of TRIDECETH-9 (PEG-9 TRIDECYL ETHER) IN COSMETIC PRODUCTS
*FRAGRANCE FUNCTIONAL
Functional ingredient (excipient) of perfume oils and / or flavours

*SURFACTANT - CLEANSING
Surface-active agent to clean skin, hair and / or teeth

*SURFACTANT - EMULSIFYING
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) allows the formation of finely dispersed mixtures of oil and water (emulsions)

BENEFITS / KEY CHARACTERISTICS of TRIDECETH-9 (PEG-9 TRIDECYL ETHER):
*Non-ionic surfactant: 
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) is less likely to be as harsh or irritant as some anionic surfactants, especially in mild formulations.

*Flexible emulsifier / solubilizer: 
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) helps mix oil/water, enhance clarity or stability of formulations.

With 9 EO units, Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) has moderate hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity balance; suitable for formulations needing some lipophilic interaction but still appreciable water compatibility.
Generally accepted in cosmetics regulation frameworks (e.g. EU COSING) for uses where formulated to be non-irritating.

FUNCTION(S) of TRIDECETH-9 (PEG-9 TRIDECYL ETHER) IN COSMETIC PRODUCTS
*HAIR CONDITIONING
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) leaves the hair easy to comb, supple, soft and shiny and / or imparts volume

*SKIN CONDITIONING
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) maintains the skin in good condition

WHAT TRIDECETH-9 (PEG-9 TRIDECYL ETHER) IS USED FOR AND WHERE:
*Cosmetics
Surfactant - Emulsifying agent.
Emulsions are thermodynamically unstable and are used to soothe or soften the skin and emulsify, so they need a specific, stabilising ingredient.

Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) forms a film, lowers the surface tension and makes two immiscible liquids miscible.
A very important factor affecting the stability of the emulsion is the amount of the emulsifying agent.

Emulsifiers have the property of reducing the oil/water or water/oil interfacial tension, improving the stability of the emulsion and also directly influencing the stability, sensory properties and surface tension of sunscreens by modulating the filmometric performance.

WHAT IS TRIDECETH-9 (PEG-9 TRIDECYL ETHER) USED FOR?
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) is primarily a surfactant that works well in cosmetics and skin care products.
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) helps combine water and oil based compounds together to make the formulation more stable and better textured.
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) is also good for the skin as it can effectively pick up dirt and oil from the surface and wash it off without being too harsh.

ORIGIN of TRIDECETH-9 (PEG-9 TRIDECYL ETHER):
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) is the polyethylene glycol ether of the compound tridecyl alcohol.
The number following Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) represents the number of ethylene oxide units present in it.
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) has a mild scent and appears as a hazy liquid.

WHAT DOES TRIDECETH-9 (PEG-9 TRIDECYL ETHER) DO IN A FORMULATION?
*EMULSIFYING
*FOAMING
*SURFACTANT

Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) is a safe ingredient and has no known side effects on the skin.
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) is formulated especially to be non-irritating and non-comedogenic.
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) also suits all the skin types.
However, a patch test is required before full application.

ALTERNATIVES of TRIDECETH-9 (PEG-9 TRIDECYL ETHER):
DISODIUM LAURETH SULFOSUCCINATE

THE SYNTHESIS PROCESS of TRIDECETH-9 (PEG-9 TRIDECYL ETHER):
The synthesis process takes place in different steps:
Preparation of tridecyl alcohol.
Tridecyl alcohol, a fatty alcohol with a chain of 13 carbon atoms, is derived from natural sources or synthesised from petrochemical precursors.

**Ethoxylation.
Tridecyl alcohol is reacted with ethylene oxide in a process called ethoxylation.
This involves the addition of ethylene oxide units to the alcohol, forming an ether.

The number of ethylene oxide units added can be controlled to obtain different products; in the case of Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether), an average of 9 ethylene oxide units are added.

**Neutralization.
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) can be neutralized if necessary.

**Purification.
Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether) may be purified via distillation or other methods to remove any impurities.

WHAT IS IT?
The Trideceth ingredients (Trideceth-2, Trideceth-3, Trideceth-4, Trideceth-5, Trideceth-6, Trideceth-7, Trideceth-8, Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether), Trideceth-10, Trideceth-11, Trideceth-12, Trideceth-15, Trideceth-18, Trideceth-20, Trideceth-21, Trideceth-50) are polyethylene glycol ethers of tridecyl alcohol.

The number in the name indicates the average number of units of ethylene oxide in the molecule.
In cosmetic and personal care products, the Trideceth ingredients are used in the formulation of a variety of skin care and hair care products.

WHY IS IT USED?
The following functions have been reported for the Trideceth ingredients.
Surfactant – cleansing agent: Trideceth-20, Trideceth-50

Surfactant – emulsifying agent: Trideceth-2, Trideceth-3, Trideceth-4, Trideceth-5, Trideceth-6, Trideceth-7, Trideceth-8, Trideceth-9 (PEG-9 Tridecyl ether), Trideceth-10, Trideceth-11, Trideceth-12, Trideceth-15, Trideceth-18, Trideceth-20

Surfactant – solubilizing agent: Trideceth-20, Trideceth-21

SCIENTIFIC FACTS
The Trideceth ingredients are produced by reacting ethylene oxide with tridecyl alcohol.
The numerical designation refers to the average number of repeating ethylene oxide units in the molecule.

Tridecyl alcohol is a fatty alcohol with 13 carbon atoms.
The fatty alcohols in the other polyethylene glycol ether compounds reviewed by CIR include lauryl alcohol with 12 carbons, stearyl alcohol with 18 carbons, and cetearyl alcohol which is a mixture of cetyl alcohol (16 carbons) and stearyl alcohol.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TRIDECETH-9 (PEG-9 TRIDECYL ETHER):
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Boiling Point: 317.00 to 318.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Flash Point: 170.00 °F. TCC ( 76.70 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 5.419 (est)
Boiling Point: 317-318°C
pH: 5.0-7.0
Solubility: Soluble in water
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Appearance: N/A
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00

Specific Gravity: N/A
Lbs/Gal (est): N/A
Refractive Index: N/A
Melting Point: N/A
Boiling Point: 317.00 to 318.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Flash Point: 170.00 °F. TCC ( 76.70 °C. ) (est)
Acid Value: N/A
Vapor Pressure: N/A
Vapor Density: N/A
logP (o/w): 5.419 (est)

Soluble In: N/A
Occurrence: not found in nature
Appearance: It is usually a pale-viscous to hazy liquid (may be somewhat viscous depending on distribution of EO units) when neat or in concentrate.
Log P (octanol-water partition coefficient): Estimated as relatively high, e.g. 
Good Scents reports ~ 5.70 (est) for logPₒ/w. 
This reflects the hydrophobic tridecyl chain plus the ethoxylated portion.
pH: In formulations (aqueous) pH tends to be neutral to mildly acidic/neutral; 
for pure ingredient pH is less relevant. SpecialChem gives usable formulation pH ~ 5.0-7.0 in context.

Other properties: The “9” in Trideceth-9 refers to average number of ethylene oxide units; 
this affects hydrophilicity, CMC (critical micelle concentration), HLB (hydrophilic-lipophilic balance). 
It acts as nonionic surfactant/emulsifier. 
It reduces surface tension, helps mix oil and water phases, helps solubilize oils.
Solubility: Soluble / dispersible in water (non-ionic surfactant), also soluble in many organic solvents or in mixed solvent systems.
Boiling Point: Approximate boiling point: ~ 317-318 °C at atmospheric pressure (estimated)
Flash Point: ~ 76.7 °C (170 °F TCC) (estimated)

FIRST AID MEASURES of TRIDECETH-9 (PEG-9 TRIDECYL ETHER):
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation: 
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact: 
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. 
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact: 
Rinse out with plenty of water. 
Call in ophthalmologist. 
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing: 
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most). 
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TRIDECETH-9 (PEG-9 TRIDECYL ETHER):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains. 
Collect, bind, and pump off spills. 
Observe possible material restrictions. 
Take up dry. 
Dispose of properly. 
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TRIDECETH-9 (PEG-9 TRIDECYL ETHER):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2) 
Foam 
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TRIDECETH-9 (PEG-9 TRIDECYL ETHER):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection. 
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A 
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of TRIDECETH-9 (PEG-9 TRIDECYL ETHER):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed. 
Dry.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TRIDECETH-9 (PEG-9 TRIDECYL ETHER):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available