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TRIETHYL CITRATE = Ethyl citrate
Triethyl citrate is an ester of citric acid.
TRIETHYL CITRATE is a colorless, odorless liquid used as a food additive (E number E1505) to stabilize foams, especially as whipping aid for egg white.
TRIETHYL CITRATE is also used in pharmaceutical coatings and plastics.
Triethyl citrate is also used as a plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and similar plastics.
Triethyl citrate has been used as a pseudo-emulsifier in e-cigarette juices.
It functions essentially like lecithin used in food products, but with the possibility of vaporization which lecithin does not have.
Tributyl citrate. Acts as a solvent and plasticizer.
It is a clear oily liquid.
Exhibits compatibility with polyvinyl chloride.
Provides heat stability and hence effectiveness in keeping stable color maintenance when processed with resins.
Used in lacquers.
Our citrate esters are based on natural citric acid raw material, which is mainly derived from the fermentation of corn.
The esters have a long history of use in food and beverage, flavoring, medical, and pharmaceutical applications.
General description: Triethyl citrate is an eco-friendly plasticizer used in fabrication of green nanocomposites from cellulose acetate.
TRIETHYL CITRATE is added as plasticizer in the blend of poly(lactic acid) and starch in the presence ofmethylenediphenyl diisocyanate.
Application: Triethyl citrate was used for dye entrapment to prepare emission membrane filters for contact fluorescence imaging. It. was used as plasticizer during coating of the HPMC caps and bodies with Aqoat AS-HF
Applications: Triethyl citrate as a non-toxic plasticizer, is widely used in cellulose resin and vinyl resin plasticizer,Especially suitable for ink coating, non-toxic PVC granulation, the pharmaceutical industry, children’s soft toys, medical products, deployment of flavors and fragrances, cosmetics and manufacturing industries.
Triethyl Citrate
Production Applications: Triethyl citrate as a non-toxic plasticizer, is widely used in cellulose resin and vinyl resin plasticizer, food security as a leavening agent can be a food model to improve the foaming properties of baked food products to improve the swelling loose state , as an antioxidant used to stabilize soybean oil, salad oil, margarine, shortening and other edible oils and fats, as a flavor enhancer can be used for soft drinks, cold drinks, candy, baked goods toad flavor, also used as a chelating agent and carrier solvent.
Especially suitable for ink coating, non-toxic PVC granulation, the pharmaceutical industry, children’s soft toys, medical products, deployment of flavors and fragrances, cosmetics and manufacturing industries.
Triethyl citrate is produced by the process of esterification of citric acid with ethanol.
Small amounts are naturally found in wine and are easily metabolized by the human body.
In cosmetics, this ingredient is often used in deodorants formulated as an alternative to aluminum salts. Due to its ability to inhibit the enzymatic breakdown of sweat components, it is an excellent active ingredient in the fight against body odor.
Triethyl citrate also exhibits antibacterial properties.
Organically authorized.
Fruits wastage is harmful to health and environment concerning spreading diseases and soil pollution, respectively.
To avoid this issue, use of citrus fruit waste for the production of citric acid (CA) is one of viable mean to obtain value added chemicals.
Moreover, synthesis of triethyl citrate (TEC), a non-toxic plasticizer by esterification of CA with ethanol over heterogeneous catalyst would be renewable and sustainable catalytic process.
In this context, parent Ultrastable Y (USY) and different percentage phosphonated USY (P-USY) zeolites were used for the synthesis of TEC in a closed batch reactor, for the first time.
The synthesized catalysts were characterized by N2-adsorption desorption isotherm, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and NH3 temperature programmed desorption (TPD. Effect of reaction conditions, such as the molar ratio of ethanol to CA (5:1 - 20:1), the catalyst to CA ratio (0.05 - 0.25) and reaction temperature (363-403 K), were studied in view to maximizing CA conversion and TEC yield. Phosphonated USY catalysts were found to be superior in activity (CA conversion and TEC yield) than parent USY, which is attributed to the increased in total acidity with phosphonation.
Among the studied catalysts, the P2USY (2% phosphorous loaded on USY) was found to be an optimum catalyst with 99% CA conversion and 82% TEC yield, which is higher than the reported values.
This study opens new avenues of research demonstrating principles of green chemistry such as easy separable and reusable catalyst, non-toxic product, bio-renewable synthetic route, milder operating parameters and waste minimization.
Synonyms:
Ethyl citrate
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid,
2-hydroxy-,
triethyl ester; Citric acid,
triethyl ester;
Ethyl citrate;
Citroflex 2;
TEC;
Triethylester kyseliny citronove;
2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid,
triethyl ester;
About this substance:
This substance is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.
This substance is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Consumer Uses:
This substance is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products, perfumes and fragrances, air care products, washing & cleaning products, polishes and waxes, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products) and coating products.
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.
Triethyl citrate is a colorless, odorless, citric acid derivative used as a stabilizing food additive and pharmaceutical and polymer plasticizer.
Citric acid esters are commonly obtained by direct esterification of citric acid and alcohols (e. g. ethanol, butanol), using acid catalysts.
The process occurs in a series-parallel reaction scheme, where the monoalkyl citrate is initially obtained, followed by the formation of the diester, and finally Trialkyl citrate.
In the case of reacting with ethanol; methyl, diethyl and triethyl citrate (TEC) are the reaction products.
The Citric acid that is the raw material for these esters is produced by fermentation. The downstream processing for its purification is complex and depending on the separation technology, it may require precipitation with calcium, extraction with amines or solvents, chromatographic separation, evaporation and several crystallization steps.
All these processes are energy intensive and make citric acid an expensive raw material for the production of commodities such as the plasticizers.
Alternatively, this work evaluated the production of TEC from a calcium salt usually obtained during the precipitation process.
Calcium citrate is a fine-white solid, insoluble in water and in ethanol.
TEC production was carried out by an acidification process of the calcium salt in an alcoholic medium using sulfuric acid.
During the process, a first reaction step of ion exchange mechanism occurred (reaction between sulfuric acid and calcium citrate to produce calcium sulfate and citric acid in solution), and then the simultaneous esterification of the dissolved citric acid occurred.
The latter reaction is catalyzed by the sulfuric acid remaining in the reaction mixture.
The experimental study was carried out using the Box-Benhken method where three variables were considered: Temperature, ethanol to calcium salt molar ratio, and sulfuric acid loading.
Experiments were carried out in agitated test tubes under isothermal conditions.
To reproduce a batch experiment, for each experimental condition, several tubes were loaded with identical initial compositions, but removed from the isothermal system at different times.
This allowed to obtain a kinetic profile to follow reaction performance.
After calcium sulfate removal, the reacting media was sampled and analyzed by using liquid chromatography.
Results indicated that TEC can be obtained directly from the calcium salt, avoiding the purification of citric acid for the traditional esterification route.
A kinetic model of the process was established and it can be used for process up-scaling.
Triethyl citrate is an ester of Citric Acid. Connect Chemicals is offering different grades of this product suitable for industrial as well as food and pharma applications.
Applications:
Triethylcitrate is used as plasticizer in e.g. adhesives, inks, sealants, plastics and coatings.
Here it does primarily reduce hardness of polymers and can be further used to regulate viscosity.
In the personal care industry it is used as solvent or diluent as well as a fixative for perfumes.
As an active ingredient it can be also used in deodorants.
For use in cosmetics, Connect Chemicals does offer a grade based on natural raw materials only.
This grade can be also used as flavor or flavor carrier in the food industry.
An ECOCERT/COSMOS certificate is available.
All grades are registered according to European REACh regulation.
Identifiers:
CAS Number = 77-93-0 check
ChEMBL = ChEMBL464988
ChemSpider = 13850879
ECHA InfoCard = 100.000.974 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number = 201-070-7
E number = E1505 (additional chemicals)
PubChem CID = 6506
UNII = 8Z96QXD6UM check
Properties:
Chemical formula = C12H20O7
Molar mass = 276.283 g/mol
Appearance = Oily liquid
Density = 1.137 g/mL at 25 °C
Melting point = −55 °C (−67 °F; 218 K)
Boiling point = 294 °C (561 °F; 567 K) at 1 atm
235 °C at 150 mmHg
Solubility in water = 65 g/L
Magnetic susceptibility (χ) = -161.9·10−6 cm3/mol
