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Trimethylol propane is the organic compound with the formula CH3CH2C(CH2OH)3. This colourless to white solid with a faint odor is a triol. Containing three hydroxy functional groups, Trimethylol propane is a widely used building block in the polymer industry.
CAS NUMBER: 77-99-6
SYNONYM:
Trimethylol propane; 77-99-6; 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol; Trimethylol propane; 2-Ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol; Ethriol; Hexaglycerine; Ettriol; 1,1,1-TRIS(HYDROXYMETHYL)PROPANE; Etriol; 1,3-Propanediol, 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)-; TMP (alcohol); Ethyltrimethylolmethane; 1,1,1-Trimethylol propane; Tri(hydroxymethyl)propane; 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-1-butanol; Propylidynetrimethanol; Methanol, (propanetriyl)tris; Tris(hydroxymethyl)propane; 1,1,1-Tri(hydroxymethyl)propane; 2-Ethyl-2 (hydroxymethyl)propanediol; UNII-090GDF4HBD; NSC 3576; Propane, 1,1,1-tris(hydroxymethyl)-; 2-Ethyl-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol; HSDB 5218; EINECS 201-074-9; BRN 1698309; 090GDF4HBD; AI3-24124; MFCD00004694; Propanediol, 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)-, 1,3-; 2-Ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol, 98%; trimethylol-propane; 9D2; 1,1-Trimethylol propane
Trimethylol propane is a Colorless, hygroscopic crystals. Soluble in water and alcohol. Combustible. The three primary hydroxyl groups undergo the normal OH group reactions. Conditioning agent, manufacture of varnishes, alkyd resins, synthetic drying oils, urethane foams and coatings, silicone lubricant oils, lactone plasticizers, textile finishes, surfactants, epoxidation products.
Trimethylol propane is produced via a two step process, starting with the condensation of butanal with formaldehyde: CH3CH2CH2CHO + 2 CH2O → CH3CH2C(CH2OH)2CHO
The second step entails a Cannizaro reaction: CH3CH2C(CH2OH)2CHO + CH2O + NaOH → CH3CH2C(CH2OH)3 + NaO2CH
Approximately 200,000,000 kg are produced annually in this way. Trimethylol propane is mainly consumed as a precursor to alkyd resins. Otherwise, acrylated and alkoxylated Trimethylol propane 's are used as multifunctional monomers to produce various coatings, Ethoxylated and propoxylated , Trimethylol propane, derived condensation of from Trimethylol propane and the epoxides, are used for production of flexible polyurethanes. Allyl ether derivatives of Trimethylol propane , with the formula CH3CH2C(CH2OCH2CH=CH2)3-x(CH2OH)x are precursors to high-gloss coatings and ion exchange resins. The oxetane "TMPO" is a photoinduceable polymerisation initiator.
Trimethylol propane is widely used as a building block in the polymer industry. Trimethylol propane is also used as a conditioning agent, manufacture of varnishes, alkyd resins, synthetic drying oils, urethane foams and coatings, silicone lubricant oils, lactone plasticizers, textile finishes, surfactants, and epoxy products. Trimethylol propane is an alcohol and is being produced by the reaction of Formaldehyde with n-Butyraldehyde. Trimethylol propane is a intermediate product of the synthetic of polyetherpolyole, polyesterpolyole and polyurethane. Trimethylol propane is an triol. Trimethylol propane is a Colorless, hygroscopic crystals. Soluble in water and alcohol. Combustible.The three primary hydroxyl groups undergo the normal OH group reactions. Large quantities of Trimethylol propane and its ethoxylated derivatives are used as precursors for urethanes and polyester resins. Another important field of application is in medium-oil and short-oil alkyd resins (→Alkyd Resins). The resulting lacquers are characterized by excellent resistance to alkali, detergents, and water, combined with outstanding impact resistance and flexibility, as well as excellent clearness and clearness retention.
Reaction products with fatty acids (C5 –C10) are components of synthetic lubricants.
A strongly growing market will be the use of these blended polyol esters in chlorine-free, purely fluorocarbon based refrigerant systems. Powder and high-solids coatings represent a strong potential market for Trimethylol propane, because Trimethylol propane contributes to low viscosity. Trimethylol propane , acrylates are used as reactive diluents in UV-cured systems for inks and coatings, and Trimethylol propane allyl ethers in unsaturated polyesters. Large quantities of Trimethylol propane and its ethoxylated derivatives are used as precursors for urethanes and polyester resins. Another important field of application is in medium-oil and short-oil alkyd resins (→Alkyd Resins). The resulting lacquers are characterized by excellent resistance to alkali, detergents, and water, combined with outstanding impact resistance and flexibility, as well as excellent clearness and clearness retention.
Reaction products with fatty acids are components of synthetic lubricants. A strongly growing market will be the use of these blended polyol esters in chlorine-free, purely fluorocarbon based refrigerant systems. Powder and high-solids coatings represent a strong potential market for Trimethylol propane, because it contributes to low viscosity. Trimethylol propane acrylates are used as reactive diluents in UV-cured systems for inks and coatings, and Trimethylol propane allyl ethers in unsaturated polyesters. Trimethylol propane is made by the base-catalyzed aldol addition of butyraldehyde with formaldehyde followed by Cannizzaro reaction of the intermediate 2,2-bis butanal with additional formaldehyde and at least a stoichiometric quantity of base. Trimethylol propane is made by the base-catalyzed aldol addition of butyraldehyde with formaldehyde followed by Cannizzaro reaction of the intermediate 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl) butanal with additional formaldehyde and at least a stoichiometric quantity of base. Trimethylol propane is a white solid in flake or powder form at ambient temperatures.
The chemical is shipped and used in a liquid form. Liquid form Trimethylol propane is colorless and has a mild odor. Trimethylol propane is used as an additive or intermediate in the manufacture of alkyd and polyester resins, synthetic lubricants, polyurethane foams, lacquers, glues, adhesives, dyes, pigments, paints and silicone products. Potential for occupational exposure to Trimethylol propane exists during manufacture, at transloading, storage and staging areas and in mixing or sampling operations. A much lower potential for exposure exists in facilities using the chemical in closed manufacturing processes by trained personnel. Workers handling Trimethylol propane are trained to implement proper handling procedures and to understand the potential health and physical hazards of this product. A NIOSH approved airpurifying particulate respirator may be required in work environments with insufficient ventilation. In addition, Trimethylol propane recommends that goggles, permeation resistant clothing, gloves and foot protection be worn when handling Trimethylol propane. Inhalation or ingestion of Trimethylol propane dust may induce a cough. Contact with heated Trimethylol propane may cause thermal burns. Mechanical irritation may occur when in contact with the eyes.
Trimethylol propane is stable under normal conditions of use. Avoid contact with moisture in storage. Avoid contact with phosphorus compounds, nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide and strong oxidizing agents. Heating to decomposition may release carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and other potentially toxic fumes. Trimethylol propane is readily biodegradable. An accidental release to water may pose a danger to fish, invertebrates and other aquatic organisms prior to degradation. Bioaccumulation is not expected. Under normal conditions of anticipated use as described in this Product Safety Assessment, and if the recommended safe use and handling procedures are followed, Trimethylol propane is not expected to pose a significant risk to human health or the environment.
Trimethylol Propane is a triol present as a colourless solid with the molecular formula C6H14O3. Trimethylol propane is used in the production of adhesive resins such as (polyurethanes polyester polyol and polycarbonate diol). Trimethylol propane is used as a precursor for the manufacture of resins including alkyds, saturated polyesters and polyurethanes (polyester polyol and polycarbonate diol). Due to its structure, it Trimethylol propane imparts high UV and chemical resistance.
Trimethylol propane is used as a crosslinking agent in the preparation of finely controlled macroporous poly (glycidyl methacrylate-co-Trimethylol propane) materials. Trimethylol propane is a colorless hygroscopic solid crystal that is soluble in water and alcohol. Trimethylol propane is widely used as a building block in the polymer industry. Trimethylol propane is also used as a conditioning agent, manufacture of varnishes, alkyd resins, synthetic drying oils, urethane foams and coatings, silicone lubricant oils, lactone plasticizers, textile finishes, surfactants, and epoxy products. We have helped multiple customers, from small end users to large Fortune 500 customers, with their Trimethylol propane supply requirements and can ship bulk and various packaged products to meet such needs. Trimethylol propane is used as an intermediate product for polymer synthesis in the chemical industry. Exposure to this chemical substance is very limited for industrial use. Consumer exposure is unlikely due to extremely low levels of residual monomer in polymers used in consumer products (used as monomer in polymerization). Some professional/DIY and hobbyist products may contain significant liquid Trimethylol propane monomer so direct skin contact with these products could occur.
The environmental effects, ecotoxicology and toxicology information available for Trimethylol propane is provided based on studies and/or a reliable evaluation of its hazardous properties. Trimethylol propane should not enter surface water, groundwater and soil. General and substance specific operational conditions and risk management measures are in place to prevent exposure to workers and release to the environment. Trimethylol propane is produced for the use as monomer for production of polymers in the chemical industry. The substance is manufactured in industrial settings in closed systems and used by industry for manufacture of polymers in closed and semi-closed systems. Downstream use of Trimethylol propane is almost exclusively in the form of polymer although some products used by professionals and hobbyists may contain significant quantities of the liquid monomer.
Exposure is not likely to occur in a Trimethylol propane manufacturing or formulation facility as Trimethylol propane is used in a closed process with limited exposure. Each facility should have a thorough training program for employees and appropriate work processes and safety equipment in place to limit unnecessary exposure. Workers should follow the recommended safety measures in the Safety. Consumer exposure to liquid monomer is unlikely unless they use professional/DIY or hobbyist products that contain significant levels of liquid monomer. Consumer exposure is therefore most likely only to the extremely low levels of residual monomer in polymers used in consumer products.
IUPAC NAME:
1,1,1-Trimethylol propane; 1,1,1-Trimethylol propane (TMP); 2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol; 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol; Propylidynetrimethanol; propylidynetrimethanol; Propylidynetrimethanol; propylidynetrimethanol; TMP; Trimethylol propane; TRIMETHYLOLPROPAN; Trimethylolpropan; Trimethylol propane; Trimethylol propane; Trimethylpropane; Trimethylpropane
TRADE NAME:
1,1,1-Tri(hydroxymethyl)propane; 1,1,1-TRIMETHYLOLPROPAN; 1,1,1-Trimethylol propane; 1,1,1-TRIS(HYDROXYMETHYL)PROPAN; 1,1,1-Tris(hydroxymethyl)propane; 1,3-PROPANEDIOL, 2-ETHYL-2-(HYDROXYMETHYL)-; 1,3-Propanediol, 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)-; 1,3-Propanediol, 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)- (8CI, 9CI); 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-1-butanol; 2,2-DIHYDROXYMETHYLBUTANOL-1; 2-Ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol; 2-ETHYL-2-(HYDROXYMETHYL)PROPAN-1.3-DIOL; 2-Ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)propanediol; Ethriol; ETHYLTRIMETHYLOLMETHAN; Ethyltrimethylolmethane; Ettriol; HEXAGLYCERIN; Propane, 1,1,1-tris(hydroxymethyl)-; PROPYL-1,1,1-TRIS(METHANOL); RC Crosslinker TR; TMP; TMP (alcohol); TRIMETHYLOLPROPAN; Trimethylol propane; Trimethylol propane; Trimethylol propane (TMP); Tris(hydroxymethyl)propane; TRIS(HYDROXYMETHYL)PROPAN
OTHER NAME:
101164-61-8; 101164-61-8; 102984-18-9; 102984-18-9; 110368-52-0; 110368-52-0; 30774-18-6; 30774-18-6; 51811-73-5; 51811-73-5; 53632-31-8; 53632-31-8; 59218-55-2; 59218-55-2; 65581-89-7; 65581-89-7; 69896-09-9; 69896-09-9; 77-99-6
Trimethylol propane is manufactured and used in the chemical industry in closed systems; therefore, no release to the environment is expected. Direct use by consumers is limited to small amounts for professional/DIY or hobbyist products that contain significant levels of liquid monomer. Any exposures will generally be lower than concern levels. Any waste containing residual Trimethylol propane has to be disposed in accordance with local, state and federal laws. Consumer use of products containing Trimethylol propane based polymers does not require any risk management measures relating to the Trimethylol propane residues in those polymers. Use of professional/DIY and hobbyist products that contain liquid Trimethylol propane trimethacrylate monomer will require the user to follow the guidance provided by the product manufacturer on the packaging or product label. This will depend upon the product composition, but may include recommendations to avoid skin contact (to prevent potential skin irritating properties) and to provide good general ventilation when handling the uncured (unpolymerized) product. Uncured (unpolymerized) product should not be poured down the drains or disposed of in domestic waste.
Trimethylol propane esters are synthesized from fatty acid methyl esters and Trimethylol propane to produce a fluid with properties suitable for use as a lubricant base oil, exhibiting good stability, and low‐temperature performances. In this study, triacylglyceride molecules are modified to produce and then linked to Trimethylol propane. Initially, vegetable oil is transesterified with excess methanol, and potassium hydroxide to produce crude FAME. The FAMEs are then refined and further transesterified with Trimethylol propane and heating, under vacuum, using potassium carbonate catalyst. The conversion of Trimethylol propane is successfully achieved by adding an excess of FAME to a reaction mixture of base and polyol in the second step. All reactions are monitored and confirmed using 1H‐NMR. The reactions proceed quickly as an efficient production of FAME and Trimethylol propane to Trimethylol propane triesters is successfully achieved by adding an excess of FAME slowly to a mixture of Trimethylol propane and catalyst.
Trimethylol propane trimethacrylate is a unique trifunctional monomer because of its low volatility and its fast cure response. Trimethylol propane is also chemical and wear resistant making
Trimethylol propane ideal for various coatings anaerobic adhesive and composite applications. Trimethylol propane is the organic compound with the formula CH3CH2C(CH2OH)3. This colourless solid is a triol. Containing three hydroxy functional groups, Trimethylol propane is a widely used building block in the polymer industry. Trimethylol propane is an aliphatic trifunctional acrylate of low viscosity and excellent crosslinking reactivity. Trimethylol propane is an effective reactive diluent with excellent solvency and viscosity reducing characteristics in UV/EB curable formulations based on epoxy, polyurethane and polyesters. Trimethylol propane is widely used in coatings and varnishes. Trimethylol propane gives very good chemical and physical properties to the system at the appropriate concentration. Trimethylol propane enhance the performance of the coating on sensitive substrates (like plastics) and rigid irregular surfaces. Trimethylol propane is an organic compound. This colorless solid is a triol containing three hydroxy functional groups. Trimethylol propane is widely used building block in the polymer industry.
Trimethylol propane is mainly consumed as a precursor to alkyd resins. Otherwise, acrylated and alkoxylated Trimethylol propane's are used as multifunctional monomers to produce various coatings, Ethoxylated and propoxylated Trimethylol propane, derived condensation of from Trimethylol propane and the epoxides, are used for production of flexible polyurethanes. Trimethylol Propane Trioleate is a synthetic ester with good oxidation and hydrolytic stability, which is used in the mineral oil sector especially for the purpose of improving its lubricity. Environmentally friendly and biodegradable olexol reduces friction and protects against corrosion by dispersing on the metal surface. Trimethylol Propane is a Colorless, hygroscopic crystal. Trimethylol propane is soluble in water and alcohol. Flammable: Three primary hydroxyl groups undergo normal OH group reactions. Conditioning agent, varnish production, alkyd resins, synthetic drying oils, urethane foams and coatings, silicone lubricant oils, lactone plasticizers, textile varnishes, surfactants, epoxidation products. Large quantities of Trimethylol Propane and its ethoxylated derivatives are used as precursors for urethanes and polyester resins. Another important application area is medium oil and short oil alkyd resins (→ Alkyd Resins). The resulting finishes are characterized by excellent resistance to alkali, detergent and water, outstanding impact resistance and flexibility as well as excellent clarity and clarity protection.
Reaction products with fatty acids are components of synthetic lubricants. The use of these blended polyol esters in chlorine-free, all-fluorocarbon-based refrigeration systems will be a strongly growing market. Because powder and high solids coatings contribute to low viscosity, Trimethylol Propane represents a strong potential market for Propane. Trimethylol Propane is used as reactive diluents in UV-curing systems for acrylates, inks and coatings, and Trimethylol Propane as allyl ethers in unsaturated polyesters. Trimethylol Propane is made by the addition of formaldehyde and butyraldehyde with base-catalyzed aldol followed by the reaction of intermediate 2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) butanal with additional formaldehyde and at least a stoichiometric amount of base.
Trimethylol Propane is mainly consumed as a precursor to alkyd resins. Otherwise, acrylated and alkoxylated Trimethylol Propane's are used as multifunctional monomers to produce various coatings, Ethoxylated and propoxylated Trimethylol Propane, derived condensation of from Trimethylol Propane and the epoxides, are used for production of flexible polyurethanes. Allyl ether derivatives of Trimethylol Propane, with the formula CH3CH2C(CH2OCH2CH=CH2)3-x(CH2OH)x are precursors to high-gloss coatings and ion exchange resins. The oxetane "Trimethylol Propane" is a photoinduceable polymerisation initiator. Trimethylol propane has three hydroxyl groups. Trimethylol propane is a white material in flakes. Trimethylol propane is used in saturated polyesters for coil coatings, alkyds for paints, polyurethanes for coatings and elastomers, acrylic acid esters for radiation curing, esters for synthetic lubricants, rosin esters and for surface treatment of pigments.
Trimethylol propane is an organic compound with the formula CH3CH2C (CH2OH) 3. This is a colorless to white solid triol with a faint odor. Containing three hydroxy functional groups, is Trimethylol propane a building block widely used in the polymer industry. Trimethylol propane ated Trimethylol propane’s are used as polyfunctional monomers to produce various coatings. In the production of flexible polyurethanes, ethoxylated and propoxylated Trimethylol propane derived from Trimethylol propane and epoxides are used. Allyl ether derivatives of Trimethylol propane with the formula CH3CH2C (CH2OCH2CH = CH2) 3-x (CH2OH) x are precursors of high gloss coatings and ion exchange resins. Oxetane " Trimethylol propane " is a light-inducible polymerization initiator. Trimethylol propane is a high quality intermediate used in the production of alkyd resins mainly used in paints and coatings. Also serves to produce mineral oil. Used to make varnishes, alkyd resins, polyesters, UV crosslinking agents and esters; Trimethylol propane is also used as a crosslinking agent in synthetic drying oils, urethane foams and coatings, silicone lubricating oils, lactone plasticizers, textile varnishes, surfactants, epoxidation products, and spandex fibers; Used in resin production in closed systems.
Trimethylol propane has three hydroxyl groups. Trimethylol propane is a white material in the flakes. Trimethylol propane is used in saturated polyesters for coil coatings, alkyds for paints, polyurethanes for coatings and elastomers, acrylic acid esters for r adiation curing, esters for synthetic lubricants, resin esters and surface treatment of pigments. Trimethylol propane is used in a wide variety of commercial applications, including varnish and resin manufacturers; Crosslinking agents for polyesters, textile varnishes, plastic testers and spandex fibers for polyurethane foams. Trimethylol propane is a trihydric alcohol with a structural formula СН3СН2С (СН2ОН) 3, which is the most important raw material for the production of polyurethanes, alkyd and some epoxy resins, fiberglass plastics, plasticizers, polyesters, as well as several. types of lubricants. Trimethylol propane ester is an eco-friendly lubricant that fully biodegradable and known as bio lubricant. In this study, Trimethylol propane ester was produced from waste cooking oil and rubber seed oil through a two-step synthesis approach.
The reaction is two stages transesterifications, in which the waste cooking oil and the rubber seed oil were first transesterified with methanol to produce methyl ester, followed by transesterification with Trimethylol propane using para-Toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst. Various effects of operating conditions were observed, such as reaction time, temperature and molar ratio of reactants. The Trimethylol propane ester formation was determined based on the quantity of reactant conversion. The synthesized Trimethylol propane ester was compared and characterized according to their properties. The results showed that the Trimethylol propane ester from waste cooking oil has shown better conversion compare to Trimethylol propane ester from rubber seed oil, within a similar operating condition.
Both palm oil-based Trimethylol propane esters were blended with OL using a stirrer at 110 rpm and heated to 100 °C. The blended lubricants consisted of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 100% palm oil Trimethylol propane esters (volume basis) with OL.
Trimethylol propane has been prepared by esterification of oleic acid with Trimethylol propane without solvent in the presence of solid acid catalyst. The synthesised Trimethylol propane was characterised by infrared spectroscopy, and its physicochemical properties were also evaluated. The compatibilities of Trimethylol propane as lubricant base stock with several conventional additives for mineral oils were investigated. The results showed that the synthesised Trimethylol propane exhibited excellent viscosity–temperature property and low temperature fluidity, high flash point, good foaming stability, hydrolytic stability, and lubricity. In addition, Trimethylol propane possessed good compatibility with conventional additives designed for mineral oils. In particular, zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates as extreme pressure and anti‐wear additive exhibited good extreme pressure and anti‐wear properties in Trimethylol propane . Therefore, the synthesised Trimethylol propane can be used as potential lubricating base oil due to its excellent comprehensive performance.
Such widespread use of Trimethylol propane is due to the content of three primary hydroxyl groups in its structure, which puts Trimethylol propane on a par with basic products such as glycerin and pentaerythritol, but Trimethylol propane is the quality of the final products compared to the above mentioned ingredients. However, due to its high cost, Trimethylol propane is used only in the production of special compositions. Trimethylol propane-based alkyd resins have a low color due to the lower melting point and high heat resistance compared to the same pentaerythritol. Trimethylol propane is best suited for the production of oil-free alkyd resins and medium oil alkyd resins used in baked coatings. Trimethylol propane is particularly effective in non-curing oil-free resins combined with amino-formaldehyde, since the consumption of amino-formaldehyde resin in combination with Trimethylol propane is much lower than glycerin. The resulting coatings dry faster, increase hardness, good color and gloss stability, better adhesion, resistance to alkaline environment, dust and water, compared to similar glyphtalic coatings. In addition, Trimethylol propane based coatings have excellent flexibility.
Biodegradable Trimethylol propane triesters of oleic acid were synthesized by esterification of Trimethylol propane and oleic acid over a multi‐SO3H‐functionalized strong Brønsted acidic ionic liquid as the catalyst. The results showed that the esterification can proceed satisfactorily over the catalyst at an ambient pressure even without simultaneous removal of water. Under the optimal reaction conditions (temperature: 100 °C, reaction time: 3 h, reactant molar ratio: 3.6:1, and catalyst amount, high conversion rate of Trimethylol propane (99.0%) and selectivity of Trimethylol propane triester (92.1%) were obtained. The ionic liquid was reused six times after the removal of water and no obvious change in catalytic activity was detected. Operational simplicity, high yields along with good reusability makes the multi‐SO3H‐functionalized ionic liquid a promising catalyst for the esterification of Trimethylol propane with oleic acid.
Trimethylol propane is used in the chemical industry, for example, as an intermediate for the synthesis of alkyd resins, polyesters, synthetic lubricants, polyurethane coatings, polyurethane films, radiation curing monomers / oligomers, dispersants. Trimethylol propane is a Colorless, hygroscopic crystal. Trimethylol propane is soluble in water and alcohol.
Three primary hydroxyl groups undergo normal OH group reactions. Conditioning agent, varnish production, alkyd resins, synthetic drying oils, urethane foams and coatings, silicone lubricant oils, lactone plasticizers, textile varnishes, surfactants, epoxidation products.
Large quantities of Trimethylol propane and its ethoxylated derivatives are used as precursors for urethanes and polyester resins. Another important application area is medium oil and short oil alkyd resins (→ Alkyd Resins). The resulting finishes are characterized by excellent resistance to alkali, detergent and water, outstanding impact resistance and flexibility as well as excellent clarity and clarity protection. Reaction products with fatty acids are components of synthetic lubricants. The use of these blended polyol esters in chlorine-free, all-fluorocarbon-based refrigeration systems will be a strongly growing market. Powder and high solids coatings represent a strong potential market for Trimethylol propane, as they contribute to low viscosity. Trimethylol propane acrylates are used as reactive diluents in UV curing systems for inks and coatings and as, Trimethylol propane allyl ethers in unsaturated polyesters.
Commercial amounts of Trimethylol propane are obtained by condensing normal butyraldehyde with formaldehyde in the presence of calcium or magnesium hydroxides. After synthesis, Trimethylol propane is thoroughly purified from its sodium or calcium salts and dried. Trimethylol propane is supplied as white flakes in 25 kg bags and 500 or 1000 kg big bags on pallets. Trimethylol propane is made by the addition of formaldehyde and butyraldehyde with base-catalyzed aldol followed by the reaction of intermediate 2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) butanal with additional formaldehyde and at least a stoichiometric amount of base. Trimethylol propane is widely used as a building block in the polymer industry. Trimethylol propane is also used in the production of a conditioning agent, varnish, alkyd resin, synthetic drying oils, urethane foams and coatings, silicone lubricant oils, lactone plasticizers, textile polishes, surfactants and epoxy products. Trimethylol propane is used as an additive or intermediate in the production of alkyd and polyester resins, synthetic lubricants, polyurethane foams, lacquers, adhesives, adhesives, paints, pigments, paints and silicone products.
Occupational exposure potential to Trimethylol propane exists during manufacturing, handling, storage and staging areas, and mixing or sampling operations. There is a much lower potential for exposure in facilities using the chemical in closed manufacturing processes by trained personnel. Employee Training Workers using Trimethylol propane are trained to implement proper handling procedures and understand the potential health and physical hazards of this product. In poorly ventilated work environments an Trimethylol propane approved air-purifying particulate respirator may be required. Trimethylol propane is stable under normal use conditions. Avoid contact with moisture in storage. Avoid contact with phosphorus compounds, nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide and strong oxidizing agents. Heating to decomposition may result in the release of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and other potentially toxic fumes. Trimethylol propane is easily biodegradable. Accidental release into water may pose a hazard to fish, invertebrates (low toxicity) and other aquatic organisms before degradation. Bioaccumulation is not expected.
Trimethylol propane is a colorless, hygroscopic solid crystal that is soluble in water and alcohol. Trimethylol propane is widely used as a building block in the polymer industry. Trimethylol propane is also used as a conditioning agent, varnish, alkyd resins, synthetic drying oils, urethane foams and coatings, silicone lubricant oils, lactone plasticizers, textile varnishes, surfactants and epoxy products. Trimethylol propane is well known that rimethylol-propane esters are widely used as aircraft lubricants. Over the past few years, it has also been proposed for use in the production of oil for motor car engines, but trimethylol-propane esters, usually produced for use in aircraft, have low viscosities between 3 and 7 cST at 98.9 °. C, so they are unsatisfactory for use as engine oils whose viscosity at 98.9 ° C should generally be much higher than 7 cSt. Due to the global trend towards biodegradable products, Trimethylol propane [2-ethyl-2- (hydroxymethyl) -1,3-propanediol] (Trimethylol propane) esters based on palm and palm kernel oils have been synthesized, their lubricating properties evaluated and their potential as a basis for biodegradable lubricants. the stock was evaluated. Two types of Trimethylol propane esters have been considered: palm kernel and palm oil.
Trimethylol propane esters derived from palm oil and palm kernel methyl esters, respectively. Lubricating properties such as viscosity, viscosity index and pour point were determined according to the methods of the American Society for Testing and Materials. While abrasion and friction properties were evaluated using a four-ball test machine, oxidative stability was examined with the Penn State Micro-oxidation thin film test. High VI ranges of 170 to 200 were recorded for these base stocks. PP was relatively high, ranging from 4 to -1 ° C, but raised to at least -33 ° C in high oleic palm oil Trimethylol propane esters. The effects of chemical structure and impurities on wear properties and oxidative stability were also studied. The presence of methyl esters was found to improve erosion, but the hydroxyl groups in mono- and diesters had adverse effects at high concentrations. Trimethylol propane has been shown that the differences in the chemical structure of PKOTE and PPOTE affect the friction and wear results. Both base fluids exhibit comparable oxidative stability to other high oleic base fluids.
Trimethylol propane triesters are biodegradable synthetic lubricant base oils, alternative to mineral oils, polyalphaolefins and diesters. These oils can be produced from Trimethylol propane and fatty acid methyl esters by chemical or enzymatic catalyzed synthesis methods. In this study, winter grade biodiesel derived from a commercial palm oil was evaluated as a suitable and sustainable source of methyl ester for the synthesis of high oleic Trimethylol propane triesters. Trimethylol propane has a fatty acid profile containing 86.8% oleic acid, 8.7% linoleic acid with remaining small concentration of palmitic acid, stearic acid and linolenic acid. Its high oleic property makes it superior to produce synthetic lubricant base oil that meets both good low temperature property and good oxidative stability. The synthetic base oil produced had a viscosity of 44.3 mm (2) / s at 40 ° C, meeting the needs of ISO 46 oils. Trimethylol propane also exhibited an excellent viscosity index of 219, higher than some other commercial brands of Trimethylol propane trioleate. The properties of the base oil such as cloud point, density, acid value, separation from water and soap content were also investigated. The oil was then used in the operating oil formulation and was evaluated for adaptability, stability, and field test performance.
