TRIOCTYL PHOSPHATE TEHP

Trioctyl phosphate TEHP is primarily used as a non-volatile plasticizer and secondary flame-retardant additive in PVC, rubber, coatings, and cable insulation materials.
Trioctyl phosphate TEHP is typically a clear, colorless to slightly yellow, viscous liquid with low volatility and very low water solubility.
Trioctyl phosphate TEHP has been widely used as a plasticizer, fire retardant and solvent.

CAS Number: 78-42-2
EC Number: 201-116-6
Molecular Formula: C24H51O4P
Molecular Weight: 434.64 g/mol

Synonyms: TRIOCTYL PHOSPHATE, DTXSID6026246, RefChem:1100480, DTXCID606246, 1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl-, phosphate, 2-Ethylhexanol, phosphate triester, Disflamoll TOF, Flexol Plasticizer TOF, Flexol TOF, Kronitex TOF, NCI-C54751, Phosphoric acid, tris(ethylhexyl) ester, Tri(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate, Triethylhexyl phosphate, Tris(ethylhexyl) phosphate, Tris-2(2-ethylhexyl)fosfat, 1806-54-8, Phosphoric acid, trioctyl ester, Tri-N-octyl phosphate, 0LV8VW3YJZ, EINECS 217-305-1, tri-n-Octylphosphate, CCRIS 4886, Phosphoric acid,trioctyl ester, AI3-05904, Tris(n-octyl) phosphate, UNII-0LV8VW3YJZ, SCHEMBL37521, AKOS015899269, NS00021772

Trioctyl phosphate TEHP is a high-boiling organophosphate ester produced by the esterification of phosphoric acid with 2-ethylhexanol.
Trioctyl phosphate TEHP is typically a clear, colorless to slightly yellow, viscous liquid with low volatility and very low water solubility.

The molecule contains a central phosphate group bonded to three branched 2-ethylhexyl chains, which provide good compatibility with hydrophobic polymer systems.
Due to its bulky alkyl structure, Trioctyl phosphate TEHP exhibits strong plasticizing efficiency, good thermal stability, and resistance to hydrolysis under neutral conditions.

Trioctyl phosphate TEHP is primarily used as a non-volatile plasticizer and secondary flame-retardant additive in PVC, rubber, coatings, and cable insulation materials.
Trioctyl phosphate TEHP's chemical structure contributes to flexibility enhancement, improved processing behavior, and reduced migration compared to lower molecular weight phosphate esters.

Under normal industrial conditions, Trioctyl phosphate TEHP remains chemically stable, but it should be handled following appropriate safety and environmental regulations.

Trioctyl phosphate TEHP has been widely used as a plasticizer, fire retardant and solvent.
As a plasticizer, Trioctyl phosphate TEHP is used as a component of vinyl stabilizers, grease additives and flame-proofing compositions for vinyl plastic and synthetic rubber compounds.

As a fire retardant, Trioctyl phosphate TEHP is used in consumer products, such as clothing.
As a solvent, Trioctyl phosphate TEHP is used as a co-solvent to produce hydrogen peroxide.

The world production of Trioctyl phosphate TEHP was estimated to be between 1000 to 5000 tons per year (IPCS, 2000).
Occupational exposure may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with Trioctyl phosphate TEHP at workplaces (HSDB, 2010).

The general population may be exposed to Trioctyl phosphate TEHP via ingestion of contaminated food and drinking water (HSDB, 2010) or via dermal contact with TEHP-treated clothing.
Trioctyl phosphate TEHP passed the animal data screen, underwent a preliminary toxicological evaluation, and is being brought to the Carcinogen Identification Committee for consultation.
This is a compilation of the relevant studies identified during the preliminary toxicological evaluation. 

Trioctyl phosphate TEHP finds application as a fire-retardant, plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride and cellulose nitrate.
Trioctyl phosphate TEHP is used as a stimulant for the chemical warfare nerve agent VX.

Further, Trioctyl phosphate TEHP used as an alkylation agent for nitrogen heterocyclic compounds and as a catalyst to produce phenolic and urea resins.
In addition to this, Trioctyl phosphate TEHP is used as an antifoaming agent and a co-solvent in hydrogen peroxide production.

Uses of Trioctyl Phosphate TEHP:
Trioctyl phosphate TEHP is primarily used as a high-molecular-weight plasticizer and secondary flame-retardant additive in polymer systems.
Trioctyl phosphate TEHP enhances flexibility, softness, and low-temperature performance in PVC, vinyl resins, rubber, and cable insulation materials while maintaining low volatility and good thermal stability.

In coatings and adhesive formulations, Trioctyl phosphate TEHP improves film durability and resistance to cracking.
Trioctyl phosphate TEHP is also incorporated into hydraulic fluids and specialty industrial lubricants to provide improved thermal and oxidative stability.
Due to its branched alkyl structure and strong compatibility with hydrophobic polymers, Trioctyl phosphate TEHP is valued in industrial processing for delivering balanced plasticizing efficiency and reduced migration characteristics.

Plasticizer in PVC and Vinyl Polymers:
Trioctyl phosphate TEHP is widely used to improve flexibility, softness, and low-temperature performance of PVC compounds, cable insulation, and flooring materials.

Flame Retardant Additive:
Trioctyl phosphate TEHP functions as a secondary flame-retardant in plastics, coatings, and sealants by enhancing fire resistance and reducing flammability.

Rubber and Elastomers:
Trioctyl phosphate TEHP is incorporated into synthetic rubber formulations to improve processability and elasticity.

Hydraulic Fluids and Lubricants:
Trioctyl phosphate TEHP is used as an additive to enhance thermal stability and lubricity in specialized industrial fluids.

Coatings and Adhesives:
Trioctyl phosphate TEHP improves film flexibility, durability, and resistance to cracking in industrial coating systems.

Specialty Chemical Formulations:
Trioctyl phosphate TEHP acts as a processing aid and compatibility enhancer in various polymer and resin systems.

Chemical Properties of Trioctyl Phosphate TEHP:
Trioctyl phosphate TEHP, a clear, viscous liquid, is used as a component of vinyl stabilizers, grease additives, and flame-proofing compositions; however, it is used primarily as a plasticizer for vinyl plastic and synthetic rubber compounds.
Trioctyl phosphate TEHP has been employed as a specialty flameretardant plasticizer for vinyl compositions where low temperature flexibility is critical, eg, in military tarpaulins.
Trioctyl phosphate TEHP can be included in blends with general purpose plasticizers such as phthalate esters to improve low temperature flexibility.

Stability and Reactivity of Trioctyl Phosphate TEHP:

Chemical Stability:
Stable under normal ambient temperatures and recommended storage conditions.

Reactivity:
Generally low reactivity.
Avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents.

Conditions to Avoid:
Excessive heat.
Ignition sources.
Prolonged exposure to incompatible chemicals.

Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Combustion may produce carbon oxides (CO, CO₂).
Phosphorus oxides may also be formed.

Hazardous Polymerization:
Does not occur.

Handling and Storage of Trioctyl Phosphate TEHP:

Handling:
Use with adequate ventilation.
Avoid inhalation of mists.
Avoid prolonged skin contact.
Follow standard industrial hygiene practices.

Storage:
Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area.
Keep away from heat and oxidizers.

First Aid Measures of Trioctyl Phosphate TEHP:

Inhalation:
Move to fresh air.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists.

Skin Contact:
Wash thoroughly with soap and water.
Remove contaminated clothing.

Eye Contact:
Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
Obtain medical advice if needed.

Ingestion:
Rinse mouth.
Seek medical attention if symptoms occur.

Firefighting Measures of Trioctyl Phosphate TEHP:

Extinguishing Media:
Foam.
Dry chemical.

Carbon dioxide (CO₂).
Water spray.

Specific Hazards:
Vapors may form irritating fumes during combustion.
Firefighters should use self-contained breathing apparatus.

Accidental Release Measures of Trioctyl Phosphate TEHP:

Personal Precautions:
Wear appropriate protective equipment.
Eliminate ignition sources.

Cleanup:
Absorb spill with inert material such as sand or vermiculite.
Dispose of according to regulations.

Exposure Controls / Personal Protection of Trioctyl Phosphate TEHP:

Engineering Controls:
Provide general or local exhaust ventilation.

Personal Protective Equipment:
Use chemical-resistant gloves.
Wear safety goggles.
Wear protective clothing during handling.

Identifiers of Trioctyl Phosphate TEHP:
Chemical Name: Tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate
CAS Number: 78-42-2
Molecular Formula: C₂₄H₅₁O₄P
Molecular Weight: 434.64 g/mol
Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid
Density: ~0.92 g/mL at 20 °C
Flash Point: >230 °F / ~110 °C
Boiling Point: ~215 °C @ 4 mmHg
Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol, acetone, ether
HS Code: 29190090

Linear Formula: [CH3(CH2)3CH(C2H5)CH2O]3P(O)
CAS Number: 78-42-2
Molecular Weight: 434.63
UNSPSC Code: 12352100
NACRES: NA.22
PubChem Substance ID: 24857416
EC Number: 201-116-6
Beilstein/REAXYS Number: 1715839
MDL number: MFCD00009491
Assay: 97%

Product Number: P1022
Purity / Analysis Method : >98.0%(GC)
Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight: C24H51O4P = 434.64 
Physical State (20 deg.C): Liquid
Storage Temperature : Room Temperature (Recommended in a cool and dark place, <15°C)
CAS RN: 78-42-2
Reaxys Registry Number: 1715839
PubChem Substance ID: 87575134
SDBS (AIST Spectral DB): 2904
MDL Number: MFCD00009491

CAS No: 78-42-2
Chemical Name: Tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate
CBNumber: CB4670674
Molecular Formula: C24H51O4P
Molecular Weight: 434.63
MDL Number: MFCD00009491

CAS: 78-42-2
IUPAC Name: tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate
Molecular Formula: C24H51O4P
InChI Key: GTVWRXDRKAHEAD-UHFFFAOYNA-N
SMILES: CCCCC(CC)COP(=O)(OCC(CC)CCCC)OCC(CC)CCCC
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 434.64

Properties of Trioctyl Phosphate TEHP:
InChI key: GTVWRXDRKAHEAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI: 1S/C24H51O4P/c1-7-13-16-22(10-4)19-26-29(25,27-20-23(11-5)17-14-8-2)28-21-24(12-6)18-15-9-3/h22-24H,7-21H2,1-6H3
SMILES string: CCCCC(CC)COP(=O)(OCC(CC)CCCC)OCC(CC)CCCC
vapor pressure: 2.1 mmHg ( 20 °C)
assay: 97%
refractive index: n20/D 1.444 (lit.)
bp: 215 °C/4 mmHg (lit.)
density: 0.92 g/mL at 20 °C (lit.)
functional group: phosphate
Quality Level: 200

Molecular Weight: 434.6 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: 9.8
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 24
Exact Mass: 434.35249710 Da
Monoisotopic Mass: 434.35249710 Da
Topological Polar Surface Area: 44.8 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 29
Complexity: 310
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Melting point: -70°C
Boiling point: 215 °C4 mm Hg(lit.)
Density: 0.92 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
vapor pressure: 2.1 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.444(lit.)
Flash point: >230 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: <0.001g/l
form: Liquid
Specific Gravity: 0.93
color: Colourless
PH: 7 (H2O, 20℃)
Water Solubility: <0.1 g/100 mL at 18 ºC

Boiling Point: 215 °C/4 mmHg
Flash point: 204 °C
Specific Gravity (20/20): 0.93
Refractive Index: 1.44
Solubility in water: Insoluble
Degree of solubility in water: 0.6 mg/l   24 °C
Solubility (soluble in): Acetone, Ether, Alcohol

Specifications of Trioctyl Phosphate TEHP:
Appearance: Colorless to Almost colorless clear liquid
Purity(GC): min. 98.0 %

Appearance (Color): Colorless
Assay from Supplier's CofA: ≥95.0%
Form: Liquid