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Unitop PEG 400 is a polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 400.
Unitop PEG 400 is a clear, viscous liquid at room temperature.
Unitop PEG 400 used as excipients for pill and tablet binding or coating, gelatin capsules, ointments and creams, liquid medications, and suppositories.
CAS: 25322-68-3
MF: (C2H4O)nH2O
MW: 0
EINECS: 500-038-2
Synonyms
1,2-ethanediol,homopolymer;2-ethanediyl),.alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxy-Poly(oxy-1;Alcox E 160;Alcox E 30;alcoxe30;Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 600,000;Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 200,000;Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 900,000
Unitop PEG 400 used as active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in such products as laxatives and colonic lavage solutions.
They have unique medicament solvent properties, low toxicity, blandness and good water solubility.
Unitop PEG 400 make excellent water-soluble ointment bases; they spread easily and evenly over the skin even if the skin is moist.
Unitop PEG 400 Their good water solubility makes it easy to incorporate aqueous ingredients in the formulation, and they do not become rancid or have nutritional value to support microbial growth.
Polyethylene glycols are a family of linear polymers formed by a base-catalyzed condensation reaction with repeating ethylene oxide units being added to ethylene.
The molecular formula is (C2H4O)multH2O where mult denotes the average number of oxyethylene groups.
The molecular weight can range from 200 to several million corresponding to the number of oxyethylene groups.
The higher-molecular-weight materials (100 000 to 5 000 000) are also referred to as polyethylene oxides.
The average molecular weight of any specific Unitop PEG 400 product falls within quite narrow limits (°5%).
The number of ethylene oxide units or their approximate molecular weight (e.g., PEG-4 or PEG-200) commonly designates the nomenclature of specific polyethylene glycols.
Polyethylene glycols with amolecular weight less than 600 are liquid, whereas those of molecular weight 1000 and above are solid.
These materials are nonvolatile, water-soluble, tasteless, and odorless.
They are miscible with water, alcohols, esters, ketones, aromatic solvents, and chlorinated hydrocarbons, but immiscible with alkanes, paraffins, waxes, and ethers.
Unitop PEG 400 is a non-ionic polymeric compound that is a type of surfactant.
Unitop PEG 400 is used as an absorption enhancer to increase the bioavailability of drugs in vivo, and has been used in clinical research for the treatment of infectious diseases.
Unitop PEG 400 can be used in sample preparation to remove particles or lipid material from biological samples.
Unitop PEG 400 is also a dispersing agent that can be used to break down aggregates of proteins and other substances.
Unitop PEG 400 has been shown to have long-term toxicity in rats, but not mice.
The degree of toxicity may depend on the type and length of exposure.
Unitop PEG 400 is a polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 400.
Unitop PEG 400 is a clear, viscous liquid at room temperature.
Unitop PEG 400 Chemical Properties
Melting point: 64-66 °C
Boiling point: >250°C
Tg: -67
Bulk density: 400-500kg/m3
Density: 1.27 g/mL at 25 °C
Vapor density: >1 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: <0.01 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.469
Fp: 270 °C
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
Solubility H2O: 50 mg/mL, clear, colorless
Form: waxy solid
Color: White to very pale yellow
Specific Gravity: 1.128
PH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Biological source: synthetic (organic)
Water Solubility: Soluble in water.
λmax: λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.6
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.3
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Merck: 14,7568
α-end: hydroxyl
Ω-end: hydroxyl
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
LogP: -0.698 at 25℃
NIST Chemistry Reference: Unitop PEG 400(25322-68-3)
EPA Substance Registry System: Unitop PEG 400 (25322-68-3)
Absorption: ≤0.1 at 280nm ≤0.2 at 260nm
Unitop PEG 400 is a polymer which is hydrolyzed by ethylene oxide.
Unitop PEG 400 has no toxicity and irritation.
Unitop PEG 400 is widely used in various pharmaceutical preparations.
The toxicity of low molecular weight polyethylene glycol is relatively large.
In general, the toxicity of diols is very low.
Topical application of Unitop PEG 400, especially mucosal drug, can cause irritant pain.
In topical lotion, Unitop PEG 400 can increase the flexibility of the skin, and has a similar moisturizing effect with glycerin.
Diarrhoea can occur in large doses of oral administration.
In injection, the maximum Unitop PEG 400 concentration is about 30% (V/V).
Hemolysis could occur when the concentration is more than 40% (V/V).
Uses
Unitop PEG 400 molecules of approximately 2000 monomers.
Unitop PEG 400 is used in various applications from industrial chemistry to biological chemistry.
Recent research has shown PEG m aintains the ability to aid the spinal cord injury recovery process, helping the nerve impulse conduction process in animals.
In rats, Unitop PEG 400 has been shown to aid in the repair of severed sciatic axons, helping with nerve damage recovery.
Unitop PEG 400 is industrially produced as a lubricating substance for various surfaces to reduce friction.
Unitop PEG 400 is also used in the preparation of vesicle transport systems in with application towards diagnostic procedures or drug delivery methods.
Unitop PEG 400 used as excipients for pill and tablet binding or coating, gelatin capsules, ointments and creams, liquid medications, and suppositories
Unitop PEG 400 used as active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in such products as laxatives and colonic lavage solutions.
They have unique medicament solvent properties, low toxicity, blandness and good water
solubility.
Unitop PEG 400 make excellent water-soluble ointment bases; they spread easily and evenly over the skin even if the skin is moist.
Unitop PEG 400 Their good water solubility makes it easy to incorporate aqueous ingredients in the formulation, and they do not become rancid or have
nutritional value to support microbial growth.
Application in biomedicine
Unitop PEG 400 is also known as polyoxirane (PEO).
Unitop PEG 400 is a linear polyether obtained by ring opening polymerization of ethylene oxide.
The main uses in the field of biomedicine are as follows:
Contact lens liquid.
The viscosity of Unitop PEG 400 solution is sensitive to the shear rate and it is not easy for bacteria to grow on polyethylene glycol.
Synthetic lubricants.
The condensation polymer of ethylene oxide and water.
Unitop PEG 400 is a cream matrix for preparing water-soluble drugs.
Unitop PEG 400 can also be used as a solvent for acetylsalicylic acid and caffeine, which is difficult to dissolve in water.
Drug sustained-release and immobilized enzyme carrier.
The Unitop PEG 400 solution is applied to the outer layer of the pill to control the diffusion of drugs in the pill so as to improve the efficacy.
Surface modification of medical polymer materials.
The biocompatibility of medical polymer materials in contact with blood can be improved by adsorption, interception and grafting of two amphiphilic copolymers containing polyethylene glycol on the surface of medical polymers.
Unitop PEG 400 can make the membrane of the alkanol contraceptive pill.
Unitop PEG 400 can make hydrophilic anticoagulant polyurethane.
Unitop PEG 400 is an osmotic laxative.
Unitop PEG 400 can increase osmotic pressure and absorb moisture in the intestinal cavity, which makes the stool soften and increase in volume, resulting in bowel movement and defecation.
Denture fixing agent.
Peg nontoxic and gelatinous nature can be used as a component of denture fixer.
Unitop PEG 400 is commonly used to promote cell fusion or protoplast fusion and help organisms (such as yeasts) to take DNA in transformation.
Unitop PEG 400 absorbs water from the solution, so it is also used to concentrate the solution.
