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CAS NUMBER: 1314-62-1
MOLECULAR FORMULA: V2O5
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 181.88
Vanadium Pentoxide is the inorganic compound with the formula V2O5.
Commonly known as vanadium pentoxide, it is a brown/yellow solid, although when freshly precipitated from aqueous solution, its colour is deep orange.
Because of Vanadium Pentoxides high oxidation state, Vanadium Pentoxide is both an amphoteric oxide and an oxidizing agent.
From the industrial perspective, Vanadium Pentoxide is the most important compound of vanadium, being the principal precursor to alloys of vanadium and is a widely used industrial catalyst.
The mineral form of this compound, is extremely rare, almost always found among fumaroles.
A mineral Vanadium Pentoxide is also known under the name of navajoite.
Vanadium pentoxide appears as a yellow to red crystalline powder.
Slightly soluble in water and denser than water.
Contact may cause severe irritation to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.
Vanadium Pentoxide is a highly insoluble thermally stable Vanadium source suitable for glass, optic and ceramic applications.
Vanadium pentoxide is a poisonous brown/ yellow solid that is the most stable and abundant compound of vanadium.
Oxide compounds are not conductive to electricity.
However, certain perovskite structured oxides are electronically conductive finding applicationHigh Purity (99.999%) Vanadium pentoxide (V2O3) Powder in the cathode of solid oxide fuel cells and oxygen generation systems.
They are compounds containing at least one oxygen anion and one metallic cation.
They are typically insoluble in aqueous solutions (water) and extremely stable making them useful in ceramic structures as simple as producing clay bowls to advanced electronics and in light weight structural components in aerospace and electrochemical applications such as fuel cells in which they exhibit ionic conductivity.
Vanadium Pentoxide compounds are basic anhydrides and can therefore react with acids and with strong reducing agents in redox reactions.
Vanadium Pentoxide is also available in pellets, pieces, powder, sputtering targets, tablets, and nanopowder.
Vanadium pentoxide is used in different, industrial processes as catalyst.
In the contact process Vanadium Pentoxide serves for the oxidation of SO2 to SO3 with oxygen at 440°C.
Besides Vanadium Pentoxide is used in the oxidation of ethanol to ethanale and in the production of phthalic anydride, polyamide, oxalic acid and further products.
Vanadium pentoxide melts at 690°C and decomposes at 1750°C.
Vanadium Pentoxide is a strong reducing agent, which sets hydrogen free with water.
This shows that Vanadium pentoxide may only rarely be applicable as sole oxidizing agent.
Of interest are its abilities to form polyoxides.
In the following process the oxidation number of the vanadium remains constant for example, but the polarization of the peroxide group increases.
Vanadium pentoxide very effectively promotes the bromination of organic substrates, including selective bromination of some aromatics, by tetrabutylammonium bromide in the presence of hydrogen peroxide.
The reaction offers mild conditions, high selectivity, yield, and reaction rate, and redundancy of bromine and hydrobromic acid.
Vanadium Pentoxide forms a number of different compounds with oxygen, depending on the oxidation state of the vanadium metal.
The most common of these are listed below - other stoichiometries can be found in Vanadium pentoxide crystal phases in addition to these.
Vanadium pentoxide nanoparticles appear in the form of a black powder having a spherical surface.
Vanadium pentoxide is orange-yellow crystalline powder.
Vanadium Pentoxide is soluble in strong acid and strong acid, however not soluble in ethyl alcohol.
Vanadium Pentoxide is amphoteric oxide, but mainly acid. When temperature above 700℃, V2O5 obviously volatilize.
Vanadium Pentoxide decompose to oxygen and vanadium(IV) oxide when 700~1125℃.
This property make Vanadium Pentoxide as catalyst for many organic and inorganic reactions.
Vanadium Pentoxide is strong oxide agent, so easily reduce to various oxides of low value.
Vanadium Pentoxide price changes rapidly in recent years, due to short supply and vanadium stocks get lower.
Vanadium pentoxide does have small scale direct use in ultra-high capacity vanadium redox batteries used for storage at grid levels.
These bulky devices aren’t suitable for domestic use, but on a large scale have a number of active, if experimental, installations.
The batteries make use of the flexibility of vanadium, changing the oxidation states of two separate electrolytes to produce a flow of electrons.
To add to their flexibility, these batteries can be recharged pretty well instantly by replacing the electrolytes, if required.
Vanadium Pentoxide oxide, confusingly known as both vanadium dioxide and vanadium tetroxide, can also be produced from the pentoxide, which is reacted with vanadium (III) oxide, also derived from the pentoxide.
This is a substance that undergoes a remarkable, if subtle, change as Vanadium Pentoxide is heated, with the potential for impressive applications.
At around 68 degrees Celsius the oxide changes structural form as bonds between vanadium atoms are broken.
The result is that electrons that were tied up in the bonds become available, so the electrical conductivity of the material shoots up.
Vanadium Pentoxide has been suggested that this switch can be made use of on the scale of a handful of atoms to produce new, more compact electronic data storage mechanisms, though as yet this development is largely theoretical.
Vanadium Pentoxide is an inorganic compound that is a brown to yellow solid that is both an amphoteric oxide and an oxidizing agent.
Vanadium Pentoxide is used as the main component in the production of ferrovanadium, a key component in the production of carbon steel used for infrastructure, and an important one in the production of sulfuric acid.
Vanadium Pentoxide is an inorganic compound with the formula VxOy.
Most common of these is Vanadium Pentoxide, known as vanadium pentoxide, Vanadium Pentoxide is a brown/yellow solid, although when freshly precipitated from aqueous solution, its colour is deep orange.
Because of its high oxidation state, Vanadium Pentoxide is both an amphoteric oxide and an oxidizing agent.
From the industrial perspective, Vanadium Pentoxide is the most important compound of vanadium, being the principal precursor to alloys of vanadium and is a widely used industrial catalyst.
Vanadium Pentoxide is the chemical compound with the formula V2O5.
Commonly known as vanadium pentoxide, Vanadium Pentoxide is the most important compound of vanadium.
Upon heating Vanadium Pentoxide reversibly loses oxygen.
Related to this ability, Vanadium Pentoxide catalyses several useful aerobic oxidation reactions, the largest scale of which underpins the production of sulfuric acid from sulfur dioxide.
Vanadium Pentoxide is a poisonous orange solid which, because of its high oxidation state, is both an amphoteric oxide and an oxidising agent.
Unlike most metal oxides, Vanadium Pentoxide dissolves slightly in water due to hydrolysis.
Vanadium Pentoxide indicates that vanadium is in the +5 oxidation state.
The oxygen atoms in the compound are in the -2 oxidation state.
Vanadium Pentoxide also known as vanadium pentoxide or vanadia is the inorganic compound with the formula V2O5.
Vanadium Pentoxide is one of several oxides of vanadium.
Vanadium pentoxide is a brown-yellow compound, slightly soluble in water, where Vanadium Pentoxide gives yellow colored solution.
Vanadium pentoxide or vanadium (V) oxide is an inorganic compound (an oxide) largely used in the organic synthesis and in industrial processes as catalyst.
Vanadium pentoxide dissolves in acids, both organic and inorganic, to form vanadyl or unstable vanadic salts, and in alkalis to produce ortho-, pyro-, meta-, and poly-vanadates.
The physico-chemical changes involved when vanadium pentoxide is heated with various basic oxides in the powder state have been investigated.
On being digested with liquid ammonia slow absorption of ammonia takes place; the composition of the product has not been definitely established.
Vanadium Pentoxide also dissolves in alcohols to produce esters, and combines with methylamine and ethylamine to form compounds of the type 2(R.NH2).V2O5, where R represents the alkyl radical.
Vanadium pentoxide is a powerful oxidising agent, and undergoes reduction in stages depending on the reducing agent employed and on other conditions of the process.
In the absence of moisture Vanadium Pentoxide is reduced to hypovanadic oxide, Vanadium Pentoxide, by sulphur dioxide, red phosphorus, and ammonia, while dry hydrogen, carbon monoxide, sulphur, and potassium cyanide, at varying temperatures and atmospheric pressure, yield vanadous oxide, V2O3. Hydrogen at 2500° C. and 75 atmospheres pressure yields hypovanadous oxide, VO.
In acid solution reduction of vanadium pentoxide to the tetravalent state, which is characterised by the appearance of a blue colour, can be effected with quite a large number of reducing agents: sulphur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, hydrogen iodide, hydrogen sulphide, nitrous acid, phosphorous acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, citric acid, hydrazine, hydroxylamine, alcohol, formalin, sugar, ferrous sulphate, sodium thiosulphate, and mercury.
USES:
Vanadium Pentoxide is also used as catalyst in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx emissions in some power plants.
Due to Vanadium Pentoxides effectiveness in converting sulfur dioxide into sulfur trioxide, and thereby sulfuric acid, special care must be taken with the operating temperatures and placement of a power plant's SCR unit when firing sulfur-containing fuels.
Vanadium pentoxide will yield oxygen and turns into oxides of lower states and finally the pure metal when heated at high temperature.
Vanadium Pentoxide can be made by reacting Vanadium pentoxide with hot sodium carbonate.
This can then be reacted with ammonium chloride to form the less soluble ammonium metavanadate.
APPLICATIONS:
Selective ammoxidation catalysts for such reactions as conversion of toluene to benzonitrile or propylene to acrylonitrile were prepared by a sol-gel method from V2O5, Sb2O3 and high purity hydrogen peroxide.
Preparation of new stabilized, oxide ion-conducting, bismuth vanadate phases by a microwave assisted method, fromV2O5, Bi2O3 and other solid oxides, was reported.
These ceramics show promise in solid oxide fuel cells, water-vapor electrolyzers and oxygen sensors.
Due to its high coefficient of thermal resistance, Vanadium pentoxide finds use as a detector material in bolometers and microbolometer arrays for thermal imaging.
Vanadium Pentoxide also finds application as an ethanol sensor in ppm levels (up to 0.1 ppm).
Vanadium redox batteries are a type of flow battery used for energy storage, including large power facilities such as wind farms.
Vanadium pentoxide is also used as a cathode in lithium ion batteries.
Vanadium pentoxide is used extensively as a catalyst in many industrial chemical reactions.
Vanadium Pentoxide is also used in the following applications:
Vanadium pentoxide is mainly for smelting ferrovanadium, which is additive for alloys.
Vanadium Pentoxide consumes 80% of Vanadium pentoxide output.
The second use are as catalyst in organic chemical industry that is accelerant, which take about 10%.
In addition, Vanadium pentoxide uses in inorganic chemical agent, analytical reagent, magnetic material and enamel.
Vanadium Pentoxide is raw material for vanadium compounds, pigments of printing and dyeing, ceramics and nigrosine dye.
In synthesizing ammonia, Vanadium Pentoxide is catalyst for decarburization and desulfuration.
In petrochemical plant, Vanadium Pentoxide is as corrosion inhibitor.
-In optical applications such as making of laser crystals
-In nanofiber and nanowire applications
-In the manufacture of some alloys and ceramics
PROPERTIES:
-Quality Level: 200
-assay: ≥98%
-form: powder
-reaction suitability: core: vanadium, reagent type: catalyst
-mp: 690 °C (lit.)
-density: 3.35 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
-SMILES string: O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O
-InChI: 1S/5O.2V
-InChI key: GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
Vanadium pentoxide also reacts with strong alkali to form polyoxovanadates, which have a complex structure that depends on pH.
If excess aqueous sodium hydroxide is used, Vanadium pentoxide is a colourless salt, sodium orthovanadate, Na3VO4.
If acid is slowly added to a solution of Na3VO4, the colour gradually deepens through orange to red before brown hydrated Vanadium pentoxide precipitates around pH 2.
These solutions contain mainly the ions HVO42− and V2O74− between pH 9 and pH 13, but below pH 9 more exotic species such as V4O124− and HV10O285− (decavanadate) predominate.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
-Formula: V2O5
-Molecular mass: 181.9
-Melting point: 690°C
-Relative density (water = 1): 3.4
-Solubility in water, g/100ml: 0.8
PREPARATION:
Technical grade Vanadium pentoxide is produced as a black powder used for the production of vanadium metal and ferrovanadium.
A vanadium ore or vanadium-rich residue is treated with sodium carbonate and an ammonium salt to produce sodium metavanadate, NaVO3.
This material is then acidified to pH 2–3 using H2SO4 to yield a precipitate of "red cake".
The red cake is then melted at 690 °C to produce the crude V2O5.
Vanadium pentoxide is produced when vanadium metal is heated with excess oxygen, but this product is contaminated with other, lower oxides.
PROPERTIES:
-Compound Formula: O5V2
-Molecular Weight: 181.88
-Appearance: Yellow to rust color
-Melting Point: 690 °C
-Boiling Point: 1750 °C
-Density: 3.35 g/cm3
-Exact Mass: 181.862492
-Monoisotopic Mass: 181.862492
CHEMICAL IDENTIFIERS:
-Linear Formula: V2O5
-MDL Number: MFCD00011457
-EC No.: 215-239-8
-Pubchem CID: 14814
-IUPAC Name: Vanadium Pentaoxide
-SMILES: O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O
-InchI Identifier: InChI=1S/5O.2V
-InchI Key: GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
STORAGE:
Separated from food and feedstuffs.
Vanadium pentoxide should be stored in closed containers, away from any acidic vapors.
SYNONYM:
Vanadium pentoxide
1314-62-1
Divanadium pentaoxide
Divanadium pentoxide
Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5)
dioxovanadiooxy(dioxo)vanadium
V2O5
Vanadic anhydride
Vanadin(V) oxide
Vanadium pentoxide, 98+%
Vanadium pentoxide, 99+%
Vanadic acid anhydride
Vanadium pentoxide V2O5
Vanadium pentoxide, 99.6+%
Vandia
Vanadiumpentoxid
Vanadiumpentoxyde
MFCD00011457
Vanadiumpentoxid [German]
Vanadiumpentoxyde [Dutch]
Pentaoxodivanadium
RCRA waste number P120
Anhydride vanadique
Wanadu pieciotlenek
Anhydride vanadique [French]
Wanadu pieciotlenek [Polish]
CCRIS 3206
Vanadium, pentoxyde de [French]
HSDB 1024
Vanadio, pentossido di
Vanadium, pentoxyde de
Vanadio, pentossido di [Italian]
Vanadium dust (V2O5)
Vanadium fume (V2O5)
EINECS 215-239-8
UN2862
RCRA waste no. P120
CI 77938
AI3-52159
C.I. 77938
EC 215-239-8
Vanadium pentoxide, >=98%
DTXSID2023806
CHEBI:30045
Vanadium pentoxide, nonfused form
BCP32217
Vanadium pentoxide (99.99%-V)
AKOS016370678
NSC 215206
Vanadium pentoxide, purum, >=98.0% (RT)
Vanadium pentoxide, 99.99% trace metals basis
Q409173
Vanadium pentoxide, >=99.6% trace metals basis
Vanadium pentoxide, nonfused form [UN2862] [Poison]
Vanadium pentoxide;Divanadium pentoxide;Divanadium pentaoxide
Vanadium, AAS standard solution, Specpure?, V 1000?g/ml
Vanadium, Oil based standard solution, Specpure, V 5000g/g
Vanadium, Oil based standard solution, Specpure?, V 1000?g/g
Vanadium, plasma standard solution, Specpure?, V 10,000?g/ml
Vanadium, plasma standard solution, Specpure?, V 1000?g/ml
