WHITE OIL

White oil is a highly refined, colorless, odorless mineral oil composed mainly of saturated paraffinic and cycloparaffinic hydrocarbons, produced through advanced purification processes that remove aromatics, sulfur, nitrogen, and other impurities.
White oil's chemical stability, non-toxicity, hydrophobicity, and complete lack of color, taste, and odor make White oil suitable for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food-contact applications, plastics processing, and a wide range of industrial uses.
White oils are manufactured from high-purity base oils using hydrotreating or hydrocracking technologies, resulting in a neutral, biologically inert product that remains stable over time and does not promote microbial growth or cause discoloration.

CAS Number: 8042-47-5
EC Number: 232-455-8
Molecular Formula: CnH2+n2
Molecular Weight: 200–450 g/mol

Synonyms: White Mineral Oil, Liquid Paraffin, Paraffinum Liquidum, Liquid Petrolatum, Light Mineral Oil, Heavy Mineral Oil, Purified Mineral Oil, Medical-Grade Mineral Oil, Pharmaceutical White Oil, Cosmetic White Oil, Technical White Oil, Food-Grade White Oil, NSF H1 White Oil, Highly Refined Mineral Oil, Ultra-Pure Mineral Oil, Paraffinic White Oil, Hydrotreated White Oil, Hydrocracked White Oil, Refined Hydrocarbon Oil, Saturated Mineral Oil, Paraffinic Hydrocarbon Oil, White Hydrophobic Oil, Medicinal Liquid Paraffin, Mineral Paraffin Oil, Mineral Base Oil, Neutral White Oil, Clear Mineral Oil, White Industrial Oil, White Lubricating Oil, Inert Mineral Oil, Odorless Hydrocarbon Oil, Colorless Mineral Oil, White Petroleum Oil, Refined Petrolatum Oil, Cosmetic Liquid Paraffin, Baby Oil Base, Plasticizer-Grade Mineral Oil, Transformer-Grade White Oil, Dielectric Mineral Oil, USP-Grade Mineral Oil, EP-Grade Liquid Paraffin, JP-Grade Mineral Oil, Microcrystalline Oil, Paraffin Base Oil, Mineral Hydrocarbon Fluid, Highly Saturated Hydrocarbon Oil, White Technical Hydrocarbon, Light Paraffinic Distillate, Heavy Paraffinic Distillate, White Petroleum Distillate

White oil is a colorless, odorless, clear, paraffinic-based mineral oil obtained from petroleum in its high purity and carbonaceous form.
White oils are used as auxiliary process oils in all industrial sectors, with varying viscosities and in two forms: technical and food grade, for various purposes.
They are primarily used in mineral oils, industrial oils, textile oils, cosmetics, pharmaceutical and food applications, and as raw materials in plastics and rubber, agriculture, tourism, and the production of natural products.

In the chemical industry, White oil is used in a wide variety of industrial applications due to its purity, low toxicity and neutral properties.

White oils are paraffinic oils, clear, colorless, and odorless white process oils.
They should be stored at room temperature and not exposed to sunlight.

White oil is a refined, colorless, and odorless mineral oil.
White oil's typically derived from crude oil and undergoes various physical and chemical processing processes to achieve high purity.
In the chemical industry, White oil is used in a wide variety of industrial applications due to its purity, low toxicity, and neutral properties.

White oils are manufactured from highly refined Base Oils and consist of saturated paraffinic and cycloparaffinic hydrocarbons.
The refinement process ensures complete removal of aromatics, sulphur and nitrogen compounds.
The technologies employed result in products that are highly stable over time besides being hydrophobic, colourless, odourless and tasteless.

White oils are highly refined mineral oils that are used in many different industrial applications due to their purity and stability.
The areas of application range from the food and pharmaceutical industries to the cosmetics and plastics industries to the paint and textile industries.

These are very high-purity White oils suitable for use in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and livestock industries.
Compliance with standards such as FDA (United States Food and Drug Administration), USP (United States Pharmacopoeia), or European Pharmacopoeia is required.
White oil is used in products that are in direct contact with humans or intended for direct consumption.

These are White oils designed for high-purity applications used in industrial production processes but not in direct contact with food.
They are used in areas such as plastic production (e.g., PVC additives), textile lubricants, rubber processing, and adhesives.

White oil products are highly refined mineral oils composed of saturated aliphatic and alicyclic non-polar hydrocarbons.
They are hydrophobic, colorless, tasteless, odorless, and do not discolor over time.
White oil products are chemically and biologically stable, non-comedogenic, and do not promote the growth of pathogenic bacteria.

These properties allow the use of White oil products in many industries.
White oils make an ideal blending base for personal care and pharmaceutical products.
Their inert nature facilitates their use in many formulations, as they provide lubrication, smoothing, softening, lengthening, and moisture resistance.

White oil is a high-purity mineral oil widely used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food, and personal care products.
This White oil is harmless to human health and is produced and purified according to strict health and safety standards.

White oils are highly refined mineral oils that are extremely pure, stable, colorless, odorless, non-toxic and chemically inert.
These attributes make them perfect for any application that values these properties, such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and chemical processing.

The term “White oil” is a misnomer, in that they are not white at all, but crystal clear.
White oils can be produced from a variety of feedstocks, depending on the process used.

These starting materials include conventional base stocks for the older acid treatment process to Vacuum Gas Oils (VGO) for the more currently widely used two stage hydrotreating method.
Both processes produce colorless, odorless, tasteless oils where all components that might have any detrimental effects on their end usage, such as aromatics, sulphur or other impurities, have essentially been removed, resulting in a pure and thermally stable product. 

Thanks to these characteristics White oils are widely used in pharmaceutical and medicinal applications, cosmetics, and the plastic and food industries.

White oil is created through a rigorous refining process that distills away and removes all impurities that could cause color, odor, or taste.
Refining removes sulfur, uncontaminated hydrocarbons, and other elements that could cause taste, odor, or color.
The result is a clear oil composed primarily of saturated hydrocarbons, typically paraffinic and naphthenic.

White oil has several key distinctions and separations that make it an obvious choice for many uses.
White oil, this type of petroleum is transparent, which allows additives to be added to many products based on its appearance.

White oil also has no discernible odor.
White oil is chemically stable, resistant to oxidation and deterioration.

This characteristic contributes to a product's longevity and performance.
White oil is also chemically neutral, making it compatible with many products and materials.

White oil is an insecticide spray used for controlling a wide range of insect pests in the garden.
The spray works by blocking the breathing pores of insects, causing suffocation and death.

White oil is effective in the control of aphids, scale, mealybug, mites, citrus leafminer and other smooth skinned caterpillars.
White oil is also an alternative name for mineral oil.

Technical White oils are colourless oils derived from non-carcinogenic light base oils (LBOs) and are further refined (by hydrogenation or acid treatment) to achieve extremely low levels of aromatics, but they do not meet the stricter levels required by pharmacopeia monographs.
Pharmaceutical White oils, by contrast, are derived from technical White oils, and then undergo a second-stage hydrogenation or acid treatment to achieve ultra-low aromatics and other impurities, in order to comply with the specifications set forth in international pharmacopeia monographs (for example for use in pharmaceutical, cosmetic or food-contact applications).

White oil is a colorless and odorless oil derived from petroleum products.
White oil consists mostly of saturated hydrocarbons and is chemically stable and inert.
White oil is purified by refining to remove undesirable compounds and impurities, resulting in a clear, pure liquid.

White oil has many industrial and commercial applications:

Pharmaceutical Industry:
White oil is used as a binder, coating, and lubricant in tablet and capsule formulations.
White oil is also used as a base ingredient in ointments, creams, and lotions due to its hypoallergenic and pore-proofing properties.

Cosmetics and Personal Care Products:
In the cosmetics industry, White oil is used in a variety of products, including moisturizers, baby oils, lip balms, and hair care products.
White oil provides moisturizing and softening properties to skin and hair.

Food Industry:
White oil is used in food processing as a lubricant and release agent for machinery and equipment.
White oil is also used as a protective coating on fruits and vegetables to extend shelf life and improve appearance.

Textile Industry:
In textile production, White oil is used as a lubricant in spinning and weaving to reduce friction and improve yarn quality.
White oil can also be used as a softening agent in textile processing.

Industrial Applications:
White oil is used as a lubricant and coolant in various industrial processes, such as metalworking, cutting, and drilling.
White oil can also be used as a hydraulic fluid in machinery and equipment where chemical stability and reactivity are lacking.

Veterinary Products:
In veterinary medicine, White oil is used as a laxative to treat constipation in animals or to facilitate the passage of swallowed foreign objects.
Due to White oil's purity, non-toxicity, and versatility, White oil is used as a valuable ingredient in a variety of products across diverse industries.

White oils are colourless, odourless and tasteless.
They consist of twice hydrogenated, fully saturated hydrocarbons and are characterised by the following properties:

High purity:
White oils contain virtually no impurities and are free of additives, allergens, pesticides and heavy metals.

Chemical stability:
They are chemically stable, colour and oxidation resistant and have a long shelf life.

Temperature resistance:
White oils can be used at high temperatures without evaporating or degrading.

Material compatibility:
Due to its chemical properties, White oil is compatible with many materials - including plastics, elastomers, metals, paints and coatings.

Easy to remove:
White oils are easy to remove and do not cause any residue or contamination on surfaces or textiles.

Good processability and tolerability:
White oils are produced by refining and deodorising predominantly paraffinic base oils.
The process includes several steps such as deparaffinisation, decolourisation and dearomatisation.
The result is a transparent and highly pure oil that is odourless and tasteless - available in various viscosities.

Medical White oil:
Medical or pharmaceutical White oil must meet high purity standards (e.g. Ph. Eur., USP, FDA).
White oil must not contain any impurities such as aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals or other harmful substances.

The raw materials used must also meet the highest requirements.
Thus, medicinal White oils are subject to strict quality and safety controls to ensure that they are suitable for human use or for use in pharmaceutical products.

Technical White oil:
In contrast, technical White oil does not necessarily have to meet these high purity requirements.
White oil is an oil being hydrogenated only once.
Technical White oil is mainly used in technical applications as a process oil or as an ingredient of one and is used in various industries such as the plastics industry, food industry, paint and printing industry and the textile industry.

Commercial organic pesticide:
White oil is sold commercially as a petroleum oil-based organic pesticide, in both a concentrate, and ready-to-use spray bottle or can.
The term "horticultural oil" may be used to differentiate this petroleum oil-based product from homemade products using vegetable oil.

DIY recipe:
The quantities vary depending on the source, but a common concentrate typical mixture is 4 parts of vegetable oil (a non-mineral oil) to one part of liquid dish-washing soap/detergent (for washing by hand).
White oil may be blended in a mixer or shaken by hand in a jar or bottle until homogeneous to be stored.

Uses of White Oil:
Concentrates must be diluted before use at a ratio of 10–20 ml concentrate per litre of water and placed in a spray bottle or sprayer.
As with ready-to-use spray bottles or cans, the mixture is applied to all surfaces of a plant's leaves and stems.
All sources note that White oil should not be applied when temperatures above 25–30°C are expected, as this may cause the plant to "burn".

Industrial and Specialty Applications:
White oils are used across a wide range of industries as plasticisers, processing aids, lubricants, and carrier fluids due to their purity, stability, and low aromatic content.

Rubber industry:
Mineral oils are commonly used as plasticisers and processing aids during the manufacture of elastomer compounds.
The oil requirement varies according to the polymer type.

For instance, Styrene–Butadiene Rubber (SBR), which is widely used in passenger car tyres, requires oils with a relatively high aromatic content to improve rolling resistance, wet grip, and abrasion properties.
In contrast, non-polar rubbers such as Ethylene–Propylene–Diene Monomer (EPDM) demand oils with very low aromatic content.

Thermoplastic elastomers and polymer applications:
Two important types of thermoplastic elastomers that use mineral oil in high quantity are styrene block-polymers (TPE-S) and poly-olefins (TPE-O).
These require mineral oils with extremely low aromatic carbon content as plasticisers.

Higher aromatic content can affect the styrene domain of TPE-S and reduce mechanical performance, particularly at elevated temperatures.
For applications requiring UV stability or food contact compliance, pharmaceutical-grade White oils are preferred.
Mineral oils are also used to produce moulding aids for plastic parts.

Adhesives:
Many pressure-sensitive hot-melt adhesives (HMPSA), especially those based on SBR, contain significant quantities of highly refined mineral oil.
Selecting the proper oil grade helps prevent migration of components from the adhesive through packaging materials and into food.

Cosmetics and pharmaceuticals:
In cosmetic and pharmaceutical products, only highly refined White oils are used.
These are required to meet additional purity and safety specifications defined by international pharmacopeias (such as the USP, BP, and EP) and regulations like those of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Pharmaceutical Industry:

Creams and Ointments:
Topical drug bases with moisturizing properties.

Tablet and Pill Coatings:
White oil is used as a lubricant.

Syrup and Drop Formulations:
White oil provides solubility and stability.

Cosmetics and Personal Care Products:

Moisturizers and Lotions:
White oil provides a skin-softening effect.

Hair Care Products:
Added to hair conditioners and care oils.

Baby Products:
Safely used in baby oils and powders.

Food Industry:

Food Additive:
White oil is used as a lubricant and preservative on surfaces in contact with food.

Food Packaging:
White oil is used as a protective oil in packaging materials.

Mechanical Lubrication:
White oil provides lubrication in food production machinery.

Veterinary Products:
White oil is used in animal care products for skin and fur protection. Plastic and Polymer Production:

Softening Plastics:
White oil is used as an additive to increase the flexibility of plastics.

Oyster Series:
Food-Compliant and NSF-Certified White oils.

Oyster Series are high-quality mineral oils used in the pharmaceutical and food industries, holding FDA and NSF certification as food-compliant White oils.

Advantages of White Oil:
They are resistant to high temperatures, helping to prevent machines from overheating.
This extends machine life and reduces failures.

They have low toxicity and do not damage machine systems.
Thanks to their high purity, they do not cause residue or dirt buildup in machinery.

With low viscosity, they flow quickly and ensure the smooth operation of machines.
This feature is especially important for high-speed machinery.
They prevent rust and oxidation in machines.

Additionally, technical White oils help maintain system health by cleaning dirt and grease deposits from machinery.

Benefits of White Oil:
High Purity:
100% pure mineral oil, free of sulfur, nitrogen, and aromatic hydrocarbons.

Colorless and Odorless:
Colorless, odorless, and tasteless, making White oil easy to integrate into product formulations.

Chemical Stability:
Formulations resistant to oxidation and degradation.

Non-Toxic:
Dermatologically tested and non-toxic formulas suitable for human health.

International Standards:
Complies with USP (United States Pharmacopeia), FDA, and European Pharmacopeia (EP) standards.

Production of White Oil:
White oil is produced through a highly refined multi-stage petroleum process that transforms selected paraffinic or naphthenic base oil fractions into an exceptionally pure, colorless, odorless, and chemically inert hydrocarbon fluid suitable for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, and technical applications.
Production begins with the selection of low-aromatic, low-sulfur distillate fractions obtained through atmospheric and vacuum distillation of crude oil.

These fractions are then purified by solvent extraction using agents such as NMP or furfural to remove aromatics and unstable components.
The oil subsequently undergoes hydrotreating, where White oil is exposed to hydrogen at high temperature and pressure in the presence of nickel–molybdenum or cobalt–molybdenum catalysts to saturate aromatic rings and eliminate sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen compounds, and trace contaminants.

For higher-purity pharmaceutical or food-grade oils, an additional hydrocracking step is applied to restructure the hydrocarbon chains and further reduce impurities, resulting in ultra-low aromatic content and enhanced oxidative stability.
Depending on the required specifications, the product may also undergo catalytic or solvent dewaxing to improve low-temperature flow characteristics, followed by final polishing through clay treatment, activated carbon filtration, or deep-filtration systems to obtain a crystal-clear, water-white appearance.
The fully refined oil is then subjected to rigorous quality-control testing—such as UV absorbance, Saybolt color, viscosity, pour point, and sulfur/nitrogen analysis—to ensure compliance with USP, EP, FDA, and NSF standards before being packaged as highly stable, non-toxic White oil used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food-processing lubricants, plastics, textiles, and specialty industrial formulations.

Synthesis of White Oil:
The synthesis of White oil, involves transforming crude-oil–derived base stocks into a highly purified, saturated hydrocarbon fluid through a sequence of advanced refining and hydrogenation reactions rather than classical chemical “synthesis.”
Production begins with the isolation of paraffinic or naphthenic distillate fractions through atmospheric and vacuum distillation, after which the selected feedstock undergoes solvent extraction to remove aromatics and polar impurities.

The partially refined stream is then subjected to catalytic hydrotreating, where hydrogen is reacted with the oil at elevated pressures and temperatures in the presence of nickel–molybdenum or cobalt–molybdenum catalysts, converting unsaturated and aromatic species into stable, fully saturated hydrocarbons while eliminating sulfur-, oxygen-, and nitrogen-containing contaminants.
For ultra-pure grades, a second hydrogenation stage—hydrocracking—is applied to break and reorganize molecular structures into uniform, highly saturated chains, yielding exceptional color stability and extremely low aromatic content.

Additional refining steps such as catalytic dewaxing, isomerization, or solvent dewaxing may be used to adjust pour point and viscosity behavior, and final polishing through activated clay, carbon, or high-efficiency filtration ensures a crystal-clear, water-white appearance.
By combining distillation, solvent extraction, catalytic hydrogenation, molecular restructuring, and polishing, the synthesis process produces a chemically inert, non-toxic, oxidation-resistant White oil suitable for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, and industrial applications.

History of White Oil:
The history of White oil, traces back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries when advancements in petroleum refining created the possibility of producing highly purified hydrocarbon oils suitable for medicinal and cosmetic use.
Early petroleum distillates were dark, odorous, and chemically unstable, making them unsuitable for direct contact with skin or ingestion; however, with the development of solvent extraction, acid–clay treatment, and primitive hydrogenation technologies, refiners began producing lighter, cleaner oils marketed for pharmaceutical and household applications.

The breakthrough came in the mid-20th century with the introduction of modern catalytic hydrotreating and hydrocracking, which enabled the conversion of crude-oil fractions into ultra-pure, fully saturated hydrocarbons with extremely low aromatic content—meeting the strict purity requirements of pharmacopeias and food-processing regulations.
As industrial hygiene standards and global regulatory frameworks evolved, White oil gained widespread adoption in cosmetics, baby products, food-grade lubricants, plastics processing, and specialty chemical formulations.

In recent decades, the combination of advanced hydroprocessing, catalytic dewaxing, and deep-filtration technologies has allowed producers to manufacture consistently high-purity White oils that are colorless, odorless, chemically inert, and stable under demanding conditions.
Today, White oil is considered a cornerstone material in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, and polymer-processing industries, reflecting over a century of technological refinement and regulatory-driven innovation in petroleum chemistry.

Stability and Reactivity of White Oil:

Chemical Stability:
White oil is chemically stable under normal storage and handling conditions.
White oil resists oxidation, color change, and degradation due to its highly saturated hydrocarbon structure.

Reactivity:
White oil exhibits very low chemical reactivity and does not readily participate in polymerization or decomposition.
White oil is non-corrosive to most metals and compatible with many industrial materials.

Conditions to Avoid:
Excessive heat, open flames, and strong oxidizing agents (e.g., chlorine, nitric acid, permanganates) should be avoided.
Very high temperatures may cause thermal decomposition.

Hazardous Decomposition Products:
When strongly heated or burned, White oil may produce carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and small amounts of irritating hydrocarbon fumes.

Hazardous Polymerization:
Will not occur.

Handling and Storage of White Oil:

Handling:
Avoid inhalation of mists and prolonged skin contact.
Use in well-ventilated areas.

Prevent spills on floors as White oil creates a significant slip hazard.
Do not heat the product above recommended temperatures.

Storage:
Store in tightly sealed containers made of carbon steel, stainless steel, or HDPE.
Keep in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and ignition sources.
Maintain containers upright and prevent contamination with water or incompatible chemicals.

Temperature Requirements:
Typical storage temperature is ambient (15–30°C).
Avoid storing near heat sources to prevent viscosity changes or degradation.

First Aid Measures of White Oil:

Inhalation:
If mist or vapor is inhaled and irritation occurs, remove the person to fresh air.
Seek medical attention if symptoms persist.

Skin Contact:
Wash with soap and water.
White oil is generally low-irritating but prolonged contact may cause dryness.

Apply skin moisturizer if needed.
Seek medical advice if irritation continues.

Eye Contact:
Rinse gently with clean water for several minutes.
Remove contact lenses if present.
If redness or discomfort persists, obtain medical attention.

Ingestion:
Do not induce vomiting due to aspiration risk.
Rinse mouth with water.
If large amounts are swallowed or if symptoms occur, seek medical care immediately.

Firefighting Measures of White Oil:

Suitable Extinguishing Media:
Foam, dry chemical, CO₂, or water fog.
Do not use a direct water jet, which may spread the burning liquid.

Specific Hazards:
White oil is combustible and can ignite if exposed to high heat or flames.
Burning product may produce dense smoke and toxic gases (CO, CO₂).

Firefighter Protection:
Firefighters should wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Cool containers exposed to fire with water spray.

Accidental Release Measures of White Oil:

Personal Precautions:
Avoid walking on spilled material; surfaces become extremely slippery.
Wear protective gloves and prevent inhalation of mists.

Environmental Precautions:
Prevent release to drains, waterways, or soil, especially in large quantities.
Although not highly toxic, White oil can form films on water surfaces.

Cleanup Methods:
Absorb with sand, inert clay, or commercial absorbents.
Collect material into disposal containers.
Wash spill area with detergent and water to remove oily residue.

Exposure Controls / Personal Protective Equipment of White Oil:

Engineering Controls:
Use local ventilation if mist formation is possible, especially during spraying, heating, or mixing operations.

Respiratory Protection:
Not normally required.
If airborne mist levels exceed recommended limits, use a NIOSH-approved organic vapor or particulate respirator.

Eye Protection:
Safety glasses or goggles recommended to prevent splashes.

Skin Protection:
Wear protective gloves (nitrile or neoprene) and long sleeves when handling large quantities or heated product.

General Hygiene Measures:
Wash hands after handling.
Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking while using this product.
Keep work areas clean and free of oil residue.

Identifiers of White Oil:
Chemical Name: White Mineral Oil
Synonyms: Paraffinic White oil; Liquid Paraffin; Mineral White oil; Light/Heavy White oil
Chemical Family: Saturated Hydrocarbons
INCI Name: Mineral Oil
CAS Number: 8042-47-5
EINECS/EC Number: 232-455-8
UN Number: Not classified as dangerous for transport
HS Code: 2710.19
RTECS Number: PY8047000
FDA Status: 21 CFR compliant (food-grade varieties)
Pharmacopeia Grades: USP / EP / JP (pharma-grade)
Molecular Formula: CₙH₂ₙ₊₂ (mixture)
Molecular Weight: Typically 200–450 g/mol (range)
Appearance: Colorless, odorless, clear liquid
ISO Classification: ISO 3448 — Viscosity Grades (varies by grade)
Packaging Forms: Drums, IBCs, bulk tank

Product Type: Highly Refined Petroleum Hydrocarbon
Common Trade Names: White oil NF; Technical White oil; Medicinal Liquid Paraffin
Regulatory Class: Non-hazardous, non-flammable hydrocarbon oil
UN GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous
CAS Range (Various Grades): 8012-95-1 (alternative listing)
EC Index Number: Not listed
JECFA Category: Food-grade processing aid
FEMA Number: Not applicable (non-flavor substance)
DOT Status: Not Regulated
IMDG Code: Non-dangerous goods
REACH Status: Registered substance
TSCA Inventory: Listed
NFPA Ratings: Health 0 | Flammability 1 | Reactivity 0
API Group: API Group II / III feedstock derivatives
Customs Code Options: 2710.12 (light oils) – depending on viscosity
VOC Status: VOC-exempt (varies by region)

Properties of White Oil:
Physical State: Clear, transparent liquid
Color Index: Water-white (Saybolt +30 typical)
Odor: Neutral; virtually odor-free
Purity Level: Highly saturated hydrocarbon content > 98%
Viscosity Behavior: Newtonian flow; viscosity varies by grade (light/medium/heavy)
Boiling Range: Broad distillation range typical of refined hydrocarbons
Flash Point: High flash point suitable for safe handling (varies by grade)
Pour Point: Low pour point depending on dewaxing level
Density: Lower than water; generally 0.82–0.88 g/cm³
Surface Tension: Low surface tension giving good spreading characteristics
Solubility: Insoluble in water; fully miscible with most nonpolar hydrocarbons
Polarity: Nonpolar, chemically inert
Oxidation Stability: Excellent, due to absence of aromatics and unsaturated bonds
UV Absorbance: Very low; meets pharmacopeia purity limits
Thermal Stability: Stable under prolonged heating at moderate temperatures
Electrical Properties: High dielectric strength; suitable for insulating applications
Compatibility: Compatible with rubber, plastics, and most industrial materials

Specifications of White Oil:
Appearance: Crystal-clear, colorless liquid
Color (ASTM D1500): ≤ 0.5
Saybolt Color: +30 minimum
Viscosity (40°C): Grade-dependent (typically 10–200 cSt)
Viscosity Index: > 90 for refined paraffinic grades
Specific Gravity (15°C): 0.820–0.880
Flash Point (COC): Typically > 160°C
Pour Point: −6°C to −24°C, depending on dewaxed grade
Acid Value: ≤ 0.05 mg KOH/g
Sulfur Content: < 5 ppm (ultra-low sulfur)
Aromatic Content: < 0.01% typical
UV Transparency (EP/USP): Passes absorbance limits at 220–400 nm
Water Content (Karl Fischer): ≤ 50 ppm
Odor: Odorless, meets pharmacopeial purity criteria
Heavy Metals: Meets USP/EP/JP limits (< 1 ppm)
Ash Content: ≤ 0.005%
Residue on Evaporation: Very low, within pharmacopeia limits
Additives: None; fully additive-free unless specified
Packaging Variants: Light, Medium, Heavy mineral oil grades