ZINC CHLORIDE 50%

Zinc Chloride 50%, also known as Zinc Chloride %50, Çinko Klorür %50, Zinc Chloride Solution, Zinc Dichloride, Zinc(II) Chloride, ZnCl₂ Solution and CAS No. 7646-85-7, is a clear, colorless to slightly yellowish, acidic inorganic salt solution obtained by dissolving anhydrous zinc chloride in water at approximately 50%, and is used particularly in hot-dip galvanizing fluxes, soldering fluxes, acid chloride zinc plating baths, water treatment programs, activated carbon production, battery electrolytes, wood preservation and as a Lewis acid catalyst in organic synthesis.
Zinc Chloride Solution, known commercially as Liquid Zinc Chloride, is regarded as one of the most practical zinc sources in industry thanks to its high zinc content, its ability to dissolve metal oxides, its strong Lewis acid character and its miscibility with water in all proportions, allowing it to be dosed directly without the hassle of weighing and dissolving the solid salt.
Flux, plating and water treatment systems containing Zinc Chloride 50% in their formulations contribute to the reliable execution of critical process steps such as dissolving the oxide layer on the metal surface, activating the surface and controlled zinc deposition, thanks to the zinc ions and chlorozincate complexes in the solution.
The use of this Zinc Dichloride-based raw material in formulations can provide functional benefits such as improved surface wetting in galvanizing, prevention of oxide formation during soldering, achievement of a uniform and bright zinc layer in electroplating, cathodic protection of steel surfaces in cooling systems and development of the pore structure in activated carbon.
Zinc chloride acts through both surface chemistry and catalytic reactions thanks to its structure consisting of divalent zinc cations and chloride anions, the chlorozincate complexes such as [ZnCl₄]²⁻ it forms in concentrated solution, and its Lewis acid character capable of accepting electron pairs.
In the cosmetics and personal care sector, grades of suitable purity may be used under the INCI name Zinc Chloride in oral care, astringent and deodorant formulations; in formulations using Zinc Chloride 50%, selecting the correct grade is decisive for the performance and regulatory compliance of the final product.

Zinc Chloride 50% is a functional raw material used to help reduce problems such as poor wetting and uncoated areas (black spots) on galvanizing lines, oxidation and weak joints in soldering, uneven and dull deposits in electroplating, steel corrosion in cooling circuits and insufficient pore development in activated carbon production.
Zinc Chloride Solution interacts with the metal surface in a controlled manner, dissolves oxide and hydroxide residues, protects the surface against re-oxidation for a short time and prepares the ground for zinc to adhere homogeneously to the metal.
In galvanizing, soldering, electroplating, water treatment and chemical synthesis formulations, it is a functional and economical component that helps keep process efficiency and final product quality at the desired level thanks to its high active content and easy dosing.
Systems containing Zinc Chloride 50% support the development of longer-lasting galvanized steel structures, stronger solder joints, corrosion-resistant plated fasteners and more efficiently operating industrial cooling systems for the end user.

Zinc(II) Chloride is an effective inorganic raw material that can support multiple performance properties simultaneously in different processes thanks to its high solubility, strong Lewis acidity and high reactivity toward metal oxides.
Thanks to being ready to use in liquid form and effective across a broad range of applications, Zinc Chloride 50% helps meet multiple needs such as surface cleaning, fluxing, zinc deposition, corrosion prevention, dehydration and catalysis, compared with alternatives that have only a single function.
It can be evaluated in hot-dip galvanizing pre-flux baths, soldering fluids and solder pastes, acid chloride zinc and zinc alloy plating baths, cooling water inhibitor programs, activated carbon production by chemical activation, zinc chloride batteries, vulcanized fiber and cellulose processing, wood preservation, odor control and organic synthesis applications, while grades of suitable purity can also be used in oral care and personal care products.
While helping the formulator develop efficient and reproducible processes, Zinc Chloride Solution can provide the manufacturer with practical benefits such as a dust-free liquid form, easy pumpability, fast mixing, consistent zinc content and compatibility with other process chemicals.

WHAT IS ZINC CHLORIDE 50%?

Zinc Chloride 50%, also known in industrial chemistry as Zinc Chloride Solution or Zinc Chloride %50, is an aqueous solution of zinc chloride, with the molecular formula ZnCl₂, at approximately 50% by weight. Zinc Chloride 50% is also referred to by names such as Zinc Dichloride, Zinc(II) Chloride, Zinc Chloride Solution, Liquid Zinc Chloride, Zinc Chloride Liquor, Butter of Zinc and Muriate of Zinc. Commercially, it may be available in liquid form at different concentrations (such as 40%, 50%, 62–65% and 70%), as well as in solid form as anhydrous granules, powder and flakes.
In particular, it may exhibit different process behavior in different applications depending on its ZnCl₂ content, zinc (Zn) content, density, pH, free acid content, heavy metal impurities such as iron, lead, cadmium and copper, sulfate content and turbidity. Zinc Chloride 50%, ZnCl₂ Solution, Çinko Klorür Sıvı, Galvanizing Grade Zinc Chloride, Battery Grade Zinc Chloride and Plating Grade Zinc Chloride are terms that may be encountered in technical and commercial searches. However, these terms do not always describe the same product. For example, a galvanizing grade zinc chloride solution and battery grade zinc chloride share the same chemical structure but are two separate commercial grades with very different impurity limits and different intended uses.
The term "zinc chloride" may sometimes be used in commercial language for different products containing zinc chloride. For example, zinc ammonium chloride (double salt) fluxes used in galvanizing, zinc chloride solutions historically known as Burnett's Fluid in wood preservation, and Lucas reagent consisting of a mixture of hydrochloric acid and zinc chloride are related to Zinc Chloride 50% but are chemically different products. The product discussed on this page is aqueous Zinc Chloride Solution containing approximately 50% ZnCl₂. Therefore, the product intended must always be clarified in ordering and quotation processes.
Nevertheless, not all Zinc Chloride 50% products on the market have the same technical properties or the same process behavior. The actual ZnCl₂ content, density, pH value, free acid content, iron and heavy metal content and clarity of the product can significantly change its performance in flux, plating or catalytic applications. Therefore, it should not be assumed that products from different manufacturers can be technically substituted for one another based solely on the product name "Zinc Chloride" or "Çinko Klorür".
Zinc chloride is a single defined inorganic compound; however, in aqueous solution, simple hydrated zinc ions and various chlorozincate complexes such as ZnCl⁺, ZnCl₃⁻ and [ZnCl₄]²⁻ exist in equilibrium. As concentration increases, the proportion of complex species increases. Due to the hydrolysis of zinc ions, the solution is acidic in character, and turbidity may be observed during dilution due to the formation of basic zinc chloride (zinc oxychloride). This structural property forms the basis of both Zinc Chloride Solution's ability to dissolve metal oxides and its ability to behave as a strong Lewis acid.
Zinc Chloride 50% can be used in particular as a pre-flux component in hot-dip galvanizing, as an oxide remover in soldering fluids and soldering fluxes, as a zinc source in acid chloride zinc plating baths, as a cathodic corrosion inhibitor in cooling water treatment, and as a functional component in activated carbon, battery, cellulose processing, wood preservation and organic synthesis applications. Depending on the application, more specific product designations such as galvanizing grade, plating grade, battery grade or technical grade may be used.
The performance of Zinc Dichloride does not depend solely on its chemical identity. ZnCl₂ content, density, pH, free acid, iron, lead, cadmium, copper and sulfate content may affect the formulation and process outcome. Therefore, the flux performance, plating quality, solution color or catalytic activity of two zinc chloride solutions sold under the same name may not be the same.

Zinc Chloride Solution may be evaluated, depending on the quality grade, in galvanizing fluxes, soldering fluxes, electroplating baths, water treatment chemicals, activated carbon production, dry battery electrolytes, vulcanized fiber and paper processing, textile treatments, wood preservation, deodorization, adhesives, organic synthesis and personal care applications. Its most common use is fluxing the metal surface in hot-dip galvanizing and soldering processes.

Thanks to this oxide-dissolving and complexing potential in its chemical structure, Zinc Chloride 50%, particularly when it comes into contact with an iron or steel surface, dissolves thin oxide and hydroxide residues on the surface, leaves a thin salt film on the surface during the drying stage and protects the surface against re-oxidation until the moment of immersion into the molten zinc bath. Defined in industry by different functional names such as galvanizing flux, soldering flux and killed spirits, this compound makes possible the formation of a direct metallurgical bond between the metal and the zinc or solder. This structure supports the corrosion resistance of galvanized steel, the strength of solder joints, the appearance quality of electroplating and the equipment life of cooling systems.
Commercially available zinc chloride solutions come in different purities and concentrations depending on the purification processes applied during production. Industrial zinc chloride is generally produced by dissolving metallic zinc, zinc oxide or zinc-containing secondary raw materials in hydrochloric acid; iron is then precipitated by oxidation, heavy metals such as lead, cadmium and copper are removed by cementation with zinc dust, and the solution is filtered and adjusted to the target concentration. This clear, colorless to slightly yellowish liquid raw material may vary in terms of process performance and final product quality depending on technical parameters such as ZnCl₂ content, density, pH and impurity profile. In conclusion, Zinc Chloride 50% is one of the basic zinc chemicals of industry, used in a broad range from galvanizing lines to activated carbon reactors.

COMMON PRODUCT AND CHEMICAL NAMES:

Zinc Chloride %50

Zinc Chloride 50%

Zinc Chloride Solution

Zinc Chloride Solution 50%

Liquid Zinc Chloride

Zinc Chloride Liquor

Çinko Klorür

Çinko Klorür %50

Çinko Klorür Çözeltisi

Çinko Klorür Sıvı

Çinko Diklorür

Zinc Dichloride

Zinc(II) Chloride

Zinc Chloride (INCI)

ZnCl₂

ZnCl₂ Solution

Butter of Zinc

Zinc Butter

Muriate of Zinc

Zinc Muriate

Killed Spirits

Burnett's Fluid

Galvanizing Grade Zinc Chloride

Plating Grade Zinc Chloride

Battery Grade Zinc Chloride

Some of these names express the chemical identification, some the physical form, and others the field of use or commercial function. For example, Zinc Dichloride and Zinc(II) Chloride denote chemical names based on the IUPAC approach, while ZnCl₂ is the chemical formula. Butter of Zinc and Muriate of Zinc are historical synonyms found in older literature and some records. Killed Spirits refers to the traditional soldering fluid prepared by dissolving zinc in hydrochloric acid, while Burnett's Fluid refers to the zinc chloride solution historically used in wood preservation. Zinc Chloride Solution and Liquid Zinc Chloride refer to the liquid form of the product, whereas Galvanizing Grade, Plating Grade and Battery Grade are commercial designations referring to the quality class of the product. Zinc Chloride is also the INCI name used in cosmetic products.
It is important to evaluate the CAS number used for Zinc Chloride 50% together with the actual definition of the product. CAS No 7646-85-7 and EC No 231-592-0 are listed in sources for zinc chloride. Zinc ammonium chloride, zinc sulfate, zinc oxide and other zinc salts are separate substances with different CAS numbers. Therefore, during purchasing, it should be verified through documents whether the product is a pure zinc chloride solution, a double salt flux or a ready-made mixture.

CAS NO, EC / EINECS NO AND CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

Product name: Zinc Chloride 50% / Zinc Chloride Solution

Common abbreviation: ZnCl₂

Chemical name: Zinc(II) chloride, aqueous solution

INCI name: Zinc Chloride

CAS No: 7646-85-7

EC / EINECS No: 231-592-0

Molecular formula: ZnCl₂ (approximately 50% ZnCl₂ + approximately 50% water in solution)

Molecular weight: Approximately 136.3 g/mol (for ZnCl₂)

Chemical class: Inorganic metal halide / zinc salt

Main functions: Galvanizing and soldering flux, electroplating zinc source, cathodic corrosion inhibitor, Lewis acid catalyst, dehydrating and activating agent, astringent and oral care ingredient

Zinc Chloride 50% is a product consisting of an aqueous solution of a single inorganic salt of defined composition. Therefore, unlike natural mixtures, it is defined by an exact chemical formula and molecular weight; differences between commercial products arise through concentration, purity, impurity profile and free acid content.
CAS No 7646-85-7 and EC No 231-592-0 are listed for zinc chloride in various official and technical sources. This registration is the general identification covering anhydrous solid zinc chloride and its aqueous solutions at different concentrations.
However, using a single CAS number for Zinc Chloride Solution may not be sufficient for every commercial product. Since zinc ammonium chloride fluxes, ready-made flux solutions with wetting agents and plating concentrates containing zinc chloride have different chemical definitions and different active content ratios, the full definition of the product and the related technical documents should be checked during purchasing.

In measurement and dosage calculations, it should be taken into account that approximately half of the 50% solution is ZnCl₂, and approximately 48% of the ZnCl₂ mass is zinc. Accordingly, Zinc Chloride 50% contains approximately 24% zinc (Zn) by weight. This ratio is important especially when dosage is calculated on a zinc-equivalent basis in plating baths and water treatment programs.
Although Zinc Chloride 50% is defined as a single main component, trace amounts of iron, lead, cadmium, copper, manganese, sulfate and free hydrochloric acid may be present in commercial grades. Therefore, even in products with the same CAS number, the impurity profile may change the solution color, plating quality and performance in some sensitive applications.

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE AND MOLECULAR PROPERTIES OF ZINC CHLORIDE 50%

Zinc Chloride 50% is an aqueous solution of zinc chloride consisting of the divalent zinc cation (Zn²⁺) and two chloride anions (Cl⁻). In the solid state, zinc chloride forms a network-structured crystal in which zinc atoms are tetrahedrally coordinated with four chloride atoms; this covalent character is one of the reasons why ZnCl₂ has a lower melting point and higher solubility than many metal chlorides.
The structural properties of the molecule and the solution can be summarized as follows: the zinc ion has a completely filled d¹⁰ electron configuration and behaves as a Lewis acid capable of accepting an electron pair; chloride ions coordinate around zinc to form chlorozincate complexes such as ZnCl₃⁻ and [ZnCl₄]²⁻; water molecules coordinated to the zinc ion undergo hydrolysis and give the solution an acidic character; since the amount of free water is reduced in concentrated solution, the solution has unusually high ionic strength and a strong dehydrating effect.
Zinc Chloride Solution shows a different species distribution as concentration changes. At high concentration, complex anion species become dominant, while in dilute solution hydrated zinc ions come to the fore. If the pH rises during dilution, precipitation of basic zinc chloride may occur; for this reason, a small amount of hydrochloric acid is added to some commercial products for stability.

The technical performance of Zinc(II) Chloride cannot be understood from its chemical structure alone. ZnCl₂ content, pH, free acid, impurity profile and clarity are important parameters determining product behavior.
Concentrated zinc chloride solutions can swell and dissolve natural polymers such as cellulose, starch and silk. This property results from the strong interaction of non-hydrated zinc species in the solution with the hydroxyl groups on the polymer chains, and forms the basis of applications such as vulcanized fiber, cellulose processing and activated carbon production.
Its Lewis acid character enables zinc chloride to be used as a catalyst in Friedel-Crafts type reactions, esterification, condensation and dehydration reactions in organic synthesis. The same property is also the main reason it reacts with oxides on the metal surface and converts them into soluble chloride and oxychloride species.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ZINC CHLORIDE 50%

Zinc Chloride 50% is generally a clear, colorless to slightly yellowish, odorless or slightly pungent liquid. Its physical appearance may vary depending on the production method, degree of purification, iron content and storage conditions.

General technical properties:

Physical appearance: Clear, colorless to slightly yellowish liquid

Chemical character: Inorganic zinc salt solution, Lewis acid

Molecular formula: ZnCl₂ (aqueous solution)

Molecular weight: Approximately 136.3 g/mol (ZnCl₂)

CAS No: 7646-85-7

EC / EINECS No: 231-592-0

ZnCl₂ content: Generally specified in the range of 49–51% by weight

Zinc (Zn) content: Approximately 23.5–24.5%

Density (20 °C): Approximately 1.55–1.60 g/cm³

pH: Acidic in character; the value depends on concentration and free acid content

Solubility in water: Miscible with water in all proportions; turbidity due to basic salt formation may be observed during dilution

Organic solvents: Solid zinc chloride is soluble in some polar solvents such as alcohols, acetone and glycerin

Freezing / crystallization point: Quite low at concentrations around 50%; the current value should be checked from the supplier's TDS document

Iron (Fe) content: Limited to low ppm levels depending on the grade

Heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu): Specified with low limits, especially in plating and battery grades

Sulfate content: Generally stated with a low upper limit

Reactivity: May be corrosive to metals; gives zinc hydroxide precipitate with strong bases; may decompose at high temperature, releasing hydrogen chloride and zinc oxide fumes

The physical properties of Zinc Chloride Solution can vary significantly depending on the concentration of the product. Solutions around 50% are easily pumped and can remain liquid even at low temperatures, whereas solutions with higher concentrations such as 62–70% are more viscous and offer higher zinc content.
ZnCl₂ content and density are among the most important quality parameters of Zinc Chloride 50% in terms of technical performance. Density measurement is a practical field test that gives a quick idea of the concentration of the solution and is widely used as a Baumé or density value in the control of galvanizing flux baths.
Iron and heavy metal content are of critical importance, especially in electroplating and battery applications. High iron content can lead to darkening and a dull appearance in plating, and to increased dross formation in galvanizing. For this reason, heavy metal limits are widely used to control batch-to-batch quality consistency.
These values are for general technical introduction; they should not be used as the binding specification of the product to be purchased. In particular, parameters such as ZnCl₂ content, Zn content, density, pH, free acid, iron, lead, cadmium, copper, sulfate and turbidity should be checked against the supplier's current TDS and COA documents.

HOW DOES ZINC CHLORIDE 50% WORK AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL?

The main effect of Zinc Chloride 50% in formulations occurs through zinc ions and chlorozincate complexes reacting with metal oxides, behaving as a Lewis acid that accepts electron pairs, and depositing zinc or zinc compounds on the metal surface under suitable conditions.
Even after being cleaned with acid, a steel surface rapidly forms a thin oxide layer when it comes into contact with air. Zinc chloride solution converts these oxides into soluble iron chloride and oxychloride species; when the solution dries, a thin salt film remains on the surface. During immersion in molten zinc, this film breaks down, allowing the clean metal surface to react directly with the zinc. This mechanism forms the basis for the use of Zinc Chloride 50% as a galvanizing and soldering flux.
In electroplating, zinc chloride is the main source supplying zinc ions to the bath; zinc ions reduced at the cathode form a metallic zinc layer on the steel surface. Chloride ions increase the conductivity of the bath and facilitate anode dissolution.
In cooling water systems, zinc ions precipitate as zinc hydroxide at cathodic sites on the steel surface due to the local rise in pH, forming a thin protective film that limits oxygen reduction. For this reason, zinc is considered a cathodic-type corrosion inhibitor and is generally used together with phosphates or phosphonates.

The molecular and surface-level functions of Zinc Chloride 50% may differ depending on the application:

Dissolving oxide and hydroxide residues on the metal surface

Protecting the fluxed surface against oxidation until the moment of immersion or soldering

Facilitating the wetting of the surface by molten zinc and solder

Supplying zinc ions to the electroplating bath

Increasing the conductivity of the plating bath

Providing cathodic corrosion inhibition on steel surfaces

Acting as a Lewis acid catalyst in organic reactions

Acting as a water-absorbing and dehydrating agent

Directing the development of the pore structure in activated carbon production

Swelling or dissolving cellulose and natural polymers

Providing astringent and odor-neutralizing effects in cosmetic and oral care products

The oxide-dissolving power and Lewis acidity of Zinc Dichloride are interrelated. The high affinity of the zinc ion for oxygen and hydroxyl groups makes possible both the dissolution of metal oxides and the activation of oxygen-containing groups in organic molecules.
The level of flux effectiveness and plating quality is directly related to zinc chloride concentration, pH, temperature, pre-cleaning quality of the surface, iron accumulation in the bath and the auxiliary additives used. Therefore, Zinc Chloride 50% should not be evaluated alone, but together with the ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, wetting agents, brighteners and process parameters it is used with.
The flux effectiveness of zinc chloride is generally higher in the acidic pH range. However, since a very low pH can lead to excessive iron dissolution on the steel surface and iron accumulation in the flux bath, pH should be kept under control.
However, it should not be assumed that Zinc Chloride 50% will deliver the same performance in every system. The product grade used, dosage, bath chemistry, temperature, material type and other additives should be evaluated through laboratory and field trials.

IN WHICH INDUSTRIES IS ZINC CHLORIDE 50% USED?

Zinc Chloride Solution is a versatile raw material used in various industrial fields, primarily the galvanizing, metal plating and metalworking industries, thanks to its oxide-dissolving ability, high zinc content and Lewis acid character. Its purpose of use may vary according to the grade, purity and formulation system of the product.

Main areas of use:

Hot-dip galvanizing pre-flux baths

Soldering fluids, soldering fluxes and solder pastes

Tinning and metal joining processes

Acid chloride zinc plating baths

Zinc-nickel and zinc-iron alloy plating systems

Cooling water treatment (cathodic corrosion inhibitor)

Activated carbon production by chemical activation

Zinc chloride and Leclanché-type dry batteries

Vulcanized fiber and parchment paper production

Textile treatments and cellulose modification

Wood preservation and impregnation applications

Industrial odor control and deodorization

Organic synthesis and Lewis acid catalyst applications

Rubber, adhesive and resin processes

Dentistry and oral care products

Cosmetic and personal care formulations (INCI: Zinc Chloride)

Intermediate raw material in the production of zinc chemicals

The most common uses of Zinc Chloride 50% are as a flux component in hot-dip galvanizing and soldering processes and as a zinc source in acid chloride zinc plating baths. These products are particularly preferred in the steel construction, fasteners, automotive supplier and electrical-electronics industries.
Each industry expects different performance from Zinc Chloride 50%. For example, a galvanizing company may prioritize concentration consistency and low iron content, while a plating company may focus on low heavy metal and organic impurity content, a battery manufacturer on very low metallic impurity levels, and an activated carbon manufacturer on cost and recoverability.

USE OF ZINC CHLORIDE 50% IN GALVANIZING AND SOLDERING FLUXES

In galvanizing flux formulations, Zinc Chloride 50% is generally used together with ammonium chloride as part of a zinc ammonium chloride-based pre-flux bath. This combination is commonly referred to in the industry as "double salt flux".

Possible functions of Zinc Chloride 50% in galvanizing and soldering applications are:

Dissolving oxide residues remaining on the acid-cleaned steel surface

Preventing the surface from rusting again during drying and waiting time

Ensuring that molten zinc wets the steel surface homogeneously

Reducing uncoated areas and black spot defects

Facilitating the adhesion of solder to copper, brass and steel surfaces

Limiting oxide-related weaknesses in solder joints

Contributing to balancing zinc consumption and dross formation

Zinc chloride-based flux programs can be evaluated particularly in batch hot-dip galvanizing plants, pipe and profile galvanizing lines, wire galvanizing, fastener galvanizing and general metal joining applications.
In galvanizing applications, Zinc Chloride 50% is generally diluted with water and brought to the target salt concentration and ratio by adding ammonium chloride. The density, pH value, temperature and iron content of the flux bath are monitored regularly and replenished when necessary.
Iron accumulating in the flux bath over time can increase dross formation in the galvanizing bath and raise zinc consumption. Therefore, when the iron content rises above certain limits, regeneration of the bath by oxidation and precipitation is recommended.
In soldering applications, zinc chloride belongs to the class of corrosive (acidic) inorganic fluxes. It is generally used not in applications where residues may cause problems, such as electronic circuit boards, but in plumbing, sheet metal and general metal soldering, and residues must be washed off after the process.
Whether a zinc chloride product will give the same result on every galvanizing line should not be inferred from the name "Zinc Chloride" alone. Trials and field monitoring should be carried out based on steel grade, pre-cleaning process, drying conditions and galvanizing bath chemistry.

ELECTROPLATING, WATER TREATMENT AND CHEMICAL PROCESS APPLICATIONS OF ZINC CHLORIDE 50%

Zinc Chloride 50%, in a suitable quality grade, can be evaluated as a functional component in acid chloride zinc plating baths, zinc alloy plating systems, cooling water inhibitor programs, activated carbon production, battery electrolytes and organic synthesis processes.

Functions for which Zinc Chloride Solution can be evaluated in these applications include:

Being the main zinc source in potassium chloride-based acid zinc baths

Providing high current efficiency in bright and decorative zinc plating

Enabling the plating of fasteners, castings and hardened steels

Acting as a cathodic inhibitor together with phosphate and phosphonate programs in cooling waters

Contributing to the production of high surface area activated carbon by chemical activation

Being an electrolyte component in zinc chloride batteries

Being used as a catalyst and dehydrating agent in organic synthesis

When purchasing Zinc Chloride 50% for plating, water treatment and chemical process applications, the following should be checked:

ZnCl₂ and Zn content

Density

pH and free acid content

Iron, lead, cadmium and copper content

Sulfate and organic impurity content

Clarity and color

Current technical specification

Certificate of analysis (COA)

Safety data sheet (SDS)

Manufacturer and batch traceability

Compliance documents and certificates where required

In acid chloride zinc plating baths, zinc chloride is used together with potassium chloride, boric acid and organic brightener packages. Since metallic impurities in the bath can lead to darkening, roughness and adhesion problems in the deposit, heavy metal limits are particularly important in plating grade products.
Likewise, it cannot be said that a zinc chloride solution suitable for galvanizing flux is automatically suitable for a sensitive electroplating, battery or cosmetic application. The relevant quality requirements and manufacturer documents should be checked for each application.

IS ZINC CHLORIDE 50% USED IN COSMETIC, FOOD AND PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS?

Zinc chloride is an ingredient used under the INCI name Zinc Chloride in cosmetic and personal care products in grades with suitable purity and documentation. In the European Commission's cosmetic ingredient database CosIng, functions such as astringent, oral care and deodorant are listed for Zinc Chloride. Therefore, zinc chloride may be found in mouthwashes, toothpastes, breath fresheners, astringent lotions and deodorant formulations.
In oral care products, zinc ions can contribute to odor neutralization by reacting with the volatile sulfur compounds that cause bad breath and can show an astringent effect. In deodorants and skin care products, it can be evaluated as an ingredient providing astringency and odor control.
Under the European Union Cosmetics Regulation, the use of water-soluble zinc salts is subject to certain concentration limits. If Zinc Chloride is to be used in cosmetic formulations, the maximum permitted level, conditions of use and labeling requirements should be checked against current legislation.
However, industrial Zinc Chloride 50% produced for galvanizing, plating or technical purposes should not be used directly as a raw material in cosmetic, personal care, food or pharmaceutical products. Industrial grades are not designed to meet the heavy metal limits, microbiological requirements and documentation required for these fields. For cosmetic applications, cosmetic grade, related documents and heavy metal analyses should be requested.
In food supplement and pharmaceutical applications, zinc chloride is listed as a zinc source in some regulations and is used in high-purity grades complying with pharmacopoeia monographs. In these fields, only grades that meet the requirements of the relevant pharmacopoeia or food legislation and are documented accordingly should be evaluated.
If the use of zinc chloride-containing products is planned in cooling circuits in food processing plants or in systems with a possibility of indirect food contact, the compliance of the final formulation and method of application with the relevant legislation should be evaluated separately.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS OF ZINC CHLORIDE 50%

Zinc Chloride 50% is an important functional raw material used in numerous industrial systems due to its oxide-dissolving power, high zinc content, Lewis acid character and ease of use in liquid form.

In industrial zinc chloride applications, the following functions may stand out:

Galvanizing pre-fluxing

Soldering and tinning fluxing

Electrolytic zinc plating

Cathodic corrosion inhibition

Chemical activation (activated carbon)

Battery electrolyte

Cellulose swelling and dissolution

Dehydration and water absorption

Lewis acid catalysis

Wood preservation and odor control

In the metal plating and galvanizing industry, Zinc Chloride 50% is one of the basic chemicals of zinc coating processes that provide long-term corrosion protection for steel structures, fasteners and pipes. For this reason, it is among the critical raw materials for galvanizing and electroplating plants.
In the water treatment industry, zinc helps reduce the corrosion rate of carbon steel equipment, particularly when used together with phosphate- and phosphonate-based programs in open-circuit cooling systems. Due to zinc limits in discharge water, dosing must be planned in compliance with regulations.
In activated carbon, battery, paper, textile, wood and chemical synthesis applications, Zinc Chloride Solution can be evaluated for different functions such as pore formation, ionic conductivity, cellulose modification, protection against microbial degradation and catalytic activity.

The following topics should be evaluated when using Zinc Chloride 50% in industrial systems:

Solution concentration (50% or higher concentrations)

ZnCl₂ and Zn content

Heavy metal and iron impurities

pH and free acid content

Dilution method and turbidity risk

Target zinc concentration

Process temperature

Material compatibility (tank, pipe and pump materials)

Compatibility with other process chemicals

Wastewater and discharge limits

Performance requirements of the final product

WHAT PROBLEMS CAN ZINC CHLORIDE 50% HELP SOLVE?

Zinc Chloride 50% can help solve various problems related to surface oxides, poor wetting, coating defects, steel corrosion and process efficiency in galvanizing, soldering, electroplating, water treatment and chemical process systems. However, its effect depends on the product grade used, the dosage and the system conditions.

Uncoated areas and black spot defects in galvanizing

On insufficiently fluxed steel surfaces, molten zinc cannot wet the surface and uncoated areas may form. A zinc chloride-based flux bath prepared at the correct concentration and ratio can help activate the surface homogeneously.
However, the use of flux alone does not guarantee a flawless coating under all conditions. Degreasing, pickling, rinsing and drying steps should be evaluated together.

Oxidation and weak joints in soldering

Oxides forming on the metal surface during heating can prevent the solder from spreading on the surface, leading to weak and porous joints. Zinc chloride-based soldering fluxes can help the solder wet the surface by dissolving the oxides.

Dull, uneven or dark deposits in electroplating

A drop in zinc concentration in the bath or the accumulation of metallic impurities can adversely affect plating quality. Additions made with Zinc Chloride 50% of suitable quality can help maintain bath balance.
However, it is not sufficient on its own; the brightener package, pH, temperature, current density and bath filtration should be controlled together.

Carbon steel corrosion in cooling systems

In open-circuit cooling systems, carbon steel pipes and equipment may corrode. Zinc ions, together with phosphate or phosphonate programs, can contribute to reducing the corrosion rate by forming a protective film at cathodic sites.
However, the pH value, hardness and zinc precipitation tendency of the water should be taken into account, and it should be used together with suitable dispersants.

Insufficient pore development in activated carbon production

Biomass raw materials carbonized without chemical activation may have limited surface area. Zinc chloride impregnation can help develop the micro- and mesopore structure through its dehydrating effect during carbonization.

Microbial degradation in wood and organic materials

Zinc chloride has historically been used to protect wood against decay and insect attack. Today it may be evaluated in some special impregnation and preservation applications; however, due to its leachability, it may remain limited in outdoor applications.
It should not be assumed that every Zinc Chloride 50% product will show the same process and performance behavior; the use rate should be verified through laboratory and field trials.

POINTS TO CONSIDER WHEN USING ZINC CHLORIDE 50%

One of the most common mistakes in the use of Zinc Chloride 50% is assuming the zinc content of the 50% solution to be the same as solid ZnCl₂ or metallic zinc. In fact, the 50% solution contains approximately 24% zinc, and dosage calculations should be made on a ZnCl₂ or Zn equivalent basis.

The following points should be considered when using Zinc Chloride 50%:

A zinc chloride grade suitable for the intended use should be selected.

The ZnCl₂ and Zn content of the solution should be used as the basis for dosage calculations.

Density, pH and impurity values should be checked.

Turbidity formation during dilution should be taken into account.

Dilution should be carried out by adding the product into water while stirring.

The compatibility of tank, pipe, pump and gasket materials should be evaluated.

The target concentration should be determined and monitored regularly.

Iron accumulation in flux and plating baths should be tracked.

The pH range should be kept under control.

Compatibility with other process chemicals should be tested.

Dosage and formulation should be determined through laboratory and field trials.

Wastewater and discharge requirements should be evaluated.

Manufacturer TDS and SDS documents should be reviewed.

Batch-based analysis results should be verified through the COA.

Zinc Chloride 50% is a corrosive solution that can cause severe skin burns and eye damage. To prevent splashing and aerosol formation during transfer, dilution, mixing and bath replenishment, chemical-resistant gloves, a face shield or tight-fitting goggles, chemical-resistant work clothing and adequate ventilation should be used. Safe working procedures should be determined according to the current SDS of the product.
Exposure to auxiliary raw materials used together in processes, such as ammonium chloride, hydrochloric acid, potassium chloride and boric acid, as well as fume and vapor emissions from flux and plating baths, should also be evaluated separately.

STARTING FORMULATION APPROACHES FOR ZINC CHLORIDE 50%

The examples below are starting approaches prepared to show how Zinc Chloride 50% can be evaluated in the formulation and process development process. They are not validated commercial recipes, production instructions or regulatory-compliant final formulas.
The ratios given are example starting levels for preliminary laboratory trials. The concentration and purity of the zinc chloride solution used and the other raw materials can significantly change performance. In every application, laboratory trials, performance tests, occupational safety and relevant regulatory checks should be carried out.

EXAMPLE 1: PRELIMINARY TRIAL OF A ZINC AMMONIUM CHLORIDE PRE-FLUX BATH FOR HOT-DIP GALVANIZING

Objective: To prepare a pre-flux bath that can be used before hot-dip galvanizing using Zinc Chloride 50% and ammonium chloride, and to examine wetting and coating quality on the steel surface.

Starting approach:

Zinc Chloride 50%: approximately 28% (approximately 14% ZnCl₂ equivalent)

Ammonium chloride: approximately 10%

Water: balance (approximately 62%)

These ratios provide a starting flux with a total salt content of approximately 24% and a ZnCl₂ / NH₄Cl ratio of approximately 58:42. The total salt concentration and salt ratio should be adjusted according to the conditions of the galvanizing line and the targeted coating quality.

Application approach:

Water is placed in a stirred vessel made of suitable material.
Ammonium chloride is added under stirring and completely dissolved.
Zinc Chloride 50% is added in a controlled manner and homogenized.
The density, pH value and clarity of the bath are checked.
The bath is brought to a temperature suitable for the trial conditions.
Degreased, acid-cleaned and rinsed steel samples are dipped into the flux bath and dried.
The samples are immersed in the molten zinc bath and the coating appearance, uncoated areas and coating thickness are evaluated.
Results are compared with different salt concentrations and ratios.
Appropriate eye, face and hand protection should be used when working with zinc chloride and ammonium chloride.

EXAMPLE 2: ZINC CHLORIDE 50% RATIO SCREENING IN AN ACID CHLORIDE ZINC PLATING BATH

Objective: To determine the effect of the amount of zinc chloride on deposit appearance, covering power and current efficiency in a potassium chloride-based acid zinc plating bath.

Starting components:

Zinc Chloride 50%: approximately 100, 120, 140 and 160 g/L (approximately 50, 60, 70 and 80 g/L ZnCl₂ equivalent)

Potassium chloride: approximately 200–230 g/L, kept constant

Boric acid: approximately 25–30 g/L, kept constant

Brightener package: kept constant according to the supplier's recommendation

pH and temperature: kept constant

The amount of zinc chloride is increased gradually and the change in plating quality is compared.

Application approach:

Part of the demineralized water is placed in a vessel and potassium chloride is dissolved.
Boric acid is dissolved separately in warm water and added.
Zinc Chloride 50% is added in the target amount and the bath volume is made up.
The pH value is adjusted to the appropriate range and the brightener package is added.
Deposit appearance at different current densities is evaluated with Hull cell tests.
Steel samples are plated under the same conditions and coating thickness and appearance are compared.
The zinc chloride ratio giving the most balanced plating result is determined.
It should not be assumed that a single zinc chloride ratio will give the same result in all plating baths.

EXAMPLE 3: EVALUATION OF ZINC CHLORIDE IMPREGNATION RATIO IN ACTIVATED CARBON PRODUCTION

Objective: To examine the effect of the impregnation ratio on the surface area and yield of activated carbon in the chemical activation of a biomass-based raw material with Zinc Chloride 50%.

Starting approach:

Dried and ground biomass raw material: base amount

ZnCl₂ / raw material mass ratio: 0.5:1, 1:1, 2:1 and 3:1 (the amount of Zinc Chloride 50% is calculated on a ZnCl₂ equivalent basis)

Carbonization temperature and time: kept constant

Other conditions: kept constant

The evaluation can be carried out by impregnating the raw material with Zinc Chloride 50%, diluted with water if necessary.

Application approach:

The raw material is mixed with the calculated amount of zinc chloride solution and impregnated for a set period.
The impregnated material is dried.
The dried material is carbonized under an inert atmosphere at the specified temperature.
The resulting product is washed with dilute acid and water to remove zinc salts.
The product is dried and the yield is calculated.
Parameters such as surface area, pore distribution and iodine number are evaluated.
The suitable impregnation ratio for production is determined.
In such evaluations, control of hydrogen chloride and zinc-containing fumes that may be released during carbonization, as well as recovery and disposal of wash waters, should be taken into account.

SIMILAR PRODUCTS AND ALTERNATIVES TO ZINC CHLORIDE 50%

An alternative to Zinc Chloride 50% is not merely a matter of choosing another zinc salt. When determining an alternative, the targeted process, zinc content, anion type, solubility, ease of dosing, corrosive effect, occupational safety requirements, regulations and final product performance should be evaluated together.

ZINC CHLORIDE 50% AND ANHYDROUS (SOLID) ZINC CHLORIDE

Anhydrous zinc chloride is the solid product with the same chemical structure, offered in granule, powder or flake form. Therefore, the comparison between the 50% solution and solid zinc chloride is an evaluation between two different commercial forms of the same substance.
The solid form contains approximately twice as much ZnCl₂ per unit weight and may offer an advantage in terms of transport cost. However, it is highly hygroscopic, rapidly absorbs moisture and cakes, and releases significant heat when dissolved.
Zinc Chloride 50%, on the other hand, may be preferred in liquid dosing systems because it does not generate dust, can be pumped directly and requires no dissolving. When switching between the two forms, dosage calculations should be made on a ZnCl₂ equivalent basis.

ZINC CHLORIDE 50% AND ZINC AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (DOUBLE SALT) FLUXES

Zinc ammonium chloride is a product obtained by combining zinc chloride and ammonium chloride in certain ratios and is offered ready-made as a galvanizing flux.
Ready-made double salt fluxes provide convenience in bath preparation; however, the salt ratio is fixed and more difficult to adjust to the line.
Using Zinc Chloride 50% and ammonium chloride separately allows the flux ratio to be adjusted flexibly according to the needs of the line.

ZINC CHLORIDE 50% AND ZINC SULFATE

Zinc sulfate is another common zinc source used in electroplating, water treatment, fertilizer and feed applications.
Acid sulfate zinc baths are used particularly in high-speed wire and strip plating, while chloride baths can offer brighter deposits and better covering power. In water treatment, the effect of chloride and sulfate anions on corrosion behavior in the system may differ.
Therefore, the use of zinc sulfate instead of zinc chloride should be evaluated taking into account the process chemistry and target performance.

ZINC CHLORIDE 50% AND PHOSPHORIC ACID (ACTIVATED CARBON PRODUCTION)

Phosphoric acid is the most common alternative to zinc chloride as a chemical activating agent in activated carbon production.
Since phosphoric acid contains no zinc, it can offer advantages in terms of heavy metal residues and wastewater; zinc chloride, on the other hand, can provide different pore distribution and yield with some raw materials.
Therefore, the selection of the activating agent should be made taking into account target product properties, recovery possibilities and environmental requirements.

ZINC CHLORIDE 50% AND OTHER LEWIS ACID CATALYSTS

Compounds such as aluminum chloride, iron(III) chloride, tin(IV) chloride and boron trifluoride are Lewis acid catalysts that can be used as alternatives to zinc chloride in organic synthesis.
Some of these catalysts offer stronger Lewis acidity but are much more sensitive to water. Zinc chloride, by contrast, is preferred in some selective reactions thanks to its milder activity and relative tolerance to aqueous media.
Therefore, catalyst selection should be determined according to reaction type, selectivity, product purity and process conditions.

ZINC CHLORIDE 50% AND OTHER ZINC SALTS USED IN COSMETICS

In cosmetic and oral care products, in addition to Zinc Chloride, various zinc compounds such as Zinc Citrate, Zinc Lactate, Zinc Gluconate, Zinc PCA, Zinc Sulfate and Zinc Ricinoleate are also used.
These compounds may differ in terms of taste, solubility, skin compatibility and astringent effect. For example, organic acid salts may offer a milder taste and skin feel, while zinc chloride may show a more pronounced astringent effect.
In selecting an alternative, the targeted performance, formulation compatibility, regulatory limits and cost should be determined through comparative laboratory and field tests.

QUALITY CONTROL AND PURCHASING CRITERIA FOR ZINC CHLORIDE 50%

When purchasing Zinc Chloride 50%, deciding based solely on the product name and price is not sufficient. In particular, different quality grades such as galvanizing, plating, battery and cosmetic, as well as products from different manufacturers, may have different technical properties.

Information recommended for review before purchasing:

Product name and manufacturer

Zinc chloride form (50% solution, higher concentration solution or solid)

Whether it is a pure zinc chloride solution or a mixture

CAS number

EC / EINECS number

ZnCl₂ content

Zn content

Density

pH and free acid content

Iron (Fe) content

Lead, cadmium, copper and other heavy metals

Sulfate content

Clarity and color

Quality grade (technical, galvanizing, plating, battery, cosmetic)

INCI name and related documents for cosmetic applications

Technical data sheet (TDS)

Safety data sheet (SDS)

Certificate of analysis (COA)

Production and batch information

Origin information

Packaging type and net quantity

Storage conditions

Shelf life or retest information

REACH and related regulatory compliance information

The COA shows the analysis results of a specific batch of Zinc Chloride 50%. The TDS explains the general technical properties and recommended areas of use of the product. The SDS contains information on safe use, transport, storage and emergencies.
These documents do not replace each other; they should be evaluated together.
Especially when purchasing Zinc Chloride Solution, the supplier should be asked about the product's ZnCl₂ content, density, iron and heavy metal content and quality grade. This is because products with different concentrations and purities may be found under the same Zinc Chloride name.

STORAGE AND TRANSPORT OF ZINC CHLORIDE 50%

Zinc Chloride 50% should be stored under the conditions recommended by the manufacturer, in a cool, dry and well-ventilated area, in its tightly closed original packaging.
Since the product is corrosive to metals, it should not be stored in tanks and equipment made of carbon steel, aluminum, galvanized steel or copper alloys. Tanks and accessories made of polyethylene, polypropylene, glass fiber reinforced plastic (GRP) or suitably lined tanks should be preferred.
Zinc chloride solution should be stored separately from strong bases, cyanides, sulfides, strong oxidizers and reactive metals. Since hydrogen chloride vapors may be released if the product is overheated, high temperatures should be avoided.
After the packaging has been opened, it is important to protect the product from contamination. Clean and compatible equipment should be used during handling, and the packaging should be properly closed again.
Zinc chloride solutions are generally classified under UN 1840, Class 8 (corrosive substance) in international transport. The current transport classification and packing group should be checked from the supplier's SDS document.
In the event of a spill, the product should be collected with a suitable absorbent material, prevented from reaching drains and surface waters, and the cleanup procedures specified in the SDS should be followed.
Products that have been stored for a long time, have become turbid or have changed color should be evaluated in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications.

SAFETY INFORMATION FOR ZINC CHLORIDE 50%

The safe use of Zinc Chloride 50% depends on the current SDS of the supplied product and the implementation of appropriate occupational safety measures.
Zinc chloride may be harmful if swallowed and may cause severe skin burns and serious eye damage. Supplier SDSs may include classifications such as acute oral toxicity, skin corrosion, serious eye damage and acute and long-term harmful effects in the aquatic environment. Current hazard and precautionary statements should be checked from the supplier's SDS document.
Zinc chloride is a substance registered under the European Union REACH Regulation. Since zinc compounds can be toxic to aquatic organisms, wastewater and discharge limits are regulated in many countries. Applicable obligations and the current regulatory status for companies using and placing the product on the market should be monitored through the relevant official sources.
In particular, skin and eye contact and inhalation of aerosols and vapors should be avoided. During transfer, dilution, mixing and bath replenishment operations, chemical-resistant protective gloves, a face shield or tight-fitting eye protection, chemical-resistant work clothing and adequate ventilation should be used. Local exhaust ventilation should be provided for heated flux and plating baths.
Contaminated clothing should be removed immediately and washed before reuse; in case of skin or eye contact, the area should be rinsed with plenty of water for a long time and medical assistance should be sought. It is recommended that an eyewash station and an emergency shower be available in the work area.
The product and wastewater containing zinc chloride should be prevented from reaching drains, soil or surface waters in an uncontrolled manner. Waste disposal should be carried out in accordance with local regulations and the methods specified in the SDS.
It should not be assumed that safety information for different manufacturers or different concentrations is the same. The current SDS and the manufacturer's technical documentation should be used as the basis.

WHAT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED WHEN PURCHASING ZINC CHLORIDE 50%?

The first step in sourcing Zinc Chloride 50% is to clarify for what purpose and in which system the product will be used. The quality criteria sought for galvanizing flux, soldering flux, electroplating, water treatment, activated carbon, battery or cosmetic applications may not be the same.
Therefore, rather than writing only "Zinc Chloride" or "Çinko Klorür" in the purchase request, specifying the field of use, the desired concentration, the quality grade and the targeted technical performance enables a more accurate product evaluation.

The following information should be clarified before purchasing:

Industry of use and final application

Requested product: 50% solution, solution at a different concentration or solid zinc chloride

Required minimum ZnCl₂ content

Required density range

pH and free acid requirements

Iron and heavy metal limits

Sulfate and clarity requirements

Required quality grade and standard

INCI and regulatory documents for cosmetic applications

Requirement for manufacturer and origin information

Required packaging type and quantity (drum, IBC, tanker)

TDS, SDS and COA requirements

REACH and other regulatory compliance documents

Technical properties of the current product if a substitution is to be made

The price of Zinc Chloride 50% may vary according to concentration, purity, quality grade, origin, zinc and hydrochloric acid costs, order quantity, packaging, logistics and current market conditions. Therefore, the current Zinc Chloride 50% price should be evaluated through a quotation together with the product specification and delivery terms.

SUPPLY OF ZINC CHLORIDE 50% FROM ATAMAN KİMYA

Zinc Chloride 50% is an important zinc chemical evaluated for different technical functions such as fluxing, zinc deposition, corrosion prevention, chemical activation and catalysis in galvanizing, soldering, electroplating, water treatment, activated carbon, battery and personal care applications. It is important for manufacturers planning to purchase the product to clarify the concentration, technical properties, quality grade and required documents suitable for their field of use before ordering.
Companies wishing to obtain information about the supply of Zinc Chloride 50% from Ataman Kimya can request information on product suitability, current supply status, packaging options and price quotation by sharing their fields of use and technical requirements.
The current stock status, origin, concentration, technical properties, packaging and specifications of the product should be confirmed with Ataman Kimya before ordering.

Sharing the following information in the quotation request facilitates the evaluation of the right Zinc Chloride 50% product:

Industry of use and final application

Requested product type (50% solution, different concentration or solid)

Requested minimum ZnCl₂ content and density

Iron and heavy metal limits

Formulation or process information used

Requested quality standard

Estimated order quantity

Required packaging type

Requested technical documents

TDS or COA information of the current product, if any

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT ZINC CHLORIDE 50%

What is Zinc Chloride 50%?
Zinc Chloride 50% is an aqueous solution of zinc chloride at approximately 50% by weight. It is also called Zinc Chloride Solution or Çinko Klorür Çözeltisi and is used particularly in galvanizing and soldering fluxes, electroplating, water treatment and chemical processes.

What does zinc chloride mean?
Zinc chloride is an inorganic salt with the formula ZnCl₂, consisting of divalent zinc and chloride. In English, it is referred to as Zinc Chloride, Zinc Dichloride or Zinc(II) Chloride; in Turkish, it is known as Çinko Klorür.

What is the CAS number of Zinc Chloride 50%?
The CAS number for zinc chloride is 7646-85-7.

What is the EC / EINECS number of Zinc Chloride 50%?
The EC / EINECS number for zinc chloride is listed as 231-592-0.

What is the chemical formula of zinc chloride?
The chemical formula of zinc chloride is ZnCl₂, and its molecular weight is approximately 136.3 g/mol.

How much zinc does Zinc Chloride 50% contain?
A 50% zinc chloride solution contains approximately 24% zinc (Zn) by weight. The exact value should be checked from the supplier's COA document.

What is the INCI name of Zinc Chloride?
The INCI name of zinc chloride used in cosmetic products is Zinc Chloride.

Is Zinc Chloride used in cosmetics?
Yes. Cosmetic grades of suitable purity can be used under the INCI name Zinc Chloride in oral care products, astringent products and deodorants. The concentration limits applicable to water-soluble zinc salts should be checked against current cosmetic legislation. Industrial grade products should not be used in cosmetics.

What is the difference between solid zinc chloride and Zinc Chloride 50%?
Solid zinc chloride is an anhydrous and hygroscopic salt. Zinc Chloride 50%, on the other hand, is the directly dosable liquid form of this salt dissolved in roughly an equal amount of water, and contains approximately half as much ZnCl₂ per unit weight.

What is Zinc Chloride 50% used for?
Zinc Chloride 50% is used in galvanizing and soldering fluxes, acid chloride zinc plating baths, cooling water treatment, activated carbon production, battery electrolytes, wood preservation and organic synthesis.

In which industries is Zinc Chloride 50% used?
Zinc chloride solution can be used in the galvanizing, metal plating, metalworking, water treatment, activated carbon, battery, paper, textile, wood, chemical synthesis and personal care industries.

How does zinc chloride work in galvanizing?
Zinc chloride is used together with ammonium chloride in the pre-flux bath. It dissolves oxide residues on the steel surface, leaves a protective salt film on the surface during drying and ensures that molten zinc wets the surface homogeneously.

Why is zinc chloride used as a soldering fluid?
Zinc chloride dissolves oxides formed on the metal surface during heating, making it easier for the solder to spread over the surface and form a strong joint. Since it is a corrosive flux, residues must be cleaned after the process.

Can Zinc Chloride 50% be diluted with water?
Yes. Zinc chloride solution is miscible with water in all proportions. However, if the pH rises during dilution, turbidity due to basic zinc chloride formation may be observed; in some applications, a small amount of acid may be used to prevent this.

How much zinc chloride is used in cooling water?
The amount used varies according to water chemistry, system type and inhibitor program. It is generally applied at low mg/L zinc levels together with phosphate or phosphonate programs. The correct dosage should be determined taking into account coupon tests, field monitoring and discharge limits.

Is Zinc Chloride 50% corrosive?
Yes. Zinc chloride solution can cause severe skin burns and serious eye damage and can be corrosive to many metals. Therefore, appropriate protective equipment and compatible storage materials should be used.

Is Zinc Chloride 50% a hazardous substance?
Zinc chloride may be harmful if swallowed, is corrosive to skin and eyes and may be very toxic to the aquatic environment. Therefore, appropriate protective equipment should be used during handling and the current SDS should be used as the basis.

Is Zinc Chloride registered under REACH?
Zinc chloride is a substance registered under REACH. The current regulatory status and related obligations should be monitored through official sources.

What is the physical appearance of Zinc Chloride 50%?
Zinc Chloride 50% is generally a clear, colorless to slightly yellowish liquid.

What is the density of Zinc Chloride 50%?
The density of a 50% zinc chloride solution is in the range of approximately 1.55–1.60 g/cm³ at 20 °C. Density is a practical quality parameter used in concentration control.

Why are iron and heavy metal content important in zinc chloride?
Iron and heavy metal impurities directly affect dross formation in galvanizing, deposit appearance in electroplating and performance in battery applications. Current values should be checked from the supplier's TDS and COA documents.

What does the price of Zinc Chloride 50% depend on?
The price of zinc chloride may vary according to concentration, purity, quality grade, origin, raw material costs, packaging, order quantity, logistics and market conditions.

Are there alternatives to Zinc Chloride 50%?
Anhydrous zinc chloride, zinc ammonium chloride fluxes, zinc sulfate, phosphoric acid (for activated carbon) and other Lewis acid catalysts may be evaluated as alternatives in certain applications. However, the choice of alternative should be made according to the targeted performance and the system.

How should Zinc Chloride 50% be stored?
Zinc chloride solution should be stored in a cool, dry and well-ventilated area, in its tightly closed original packaging, in containers made of compatible materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene or GRP, away from strong bases, oxidizers and reactive metals.

What documents should be requested when purchasing Zinc Chloride 50%?
TDS, SDS and COA are the basic documents. In addition, origin information, REACH and related regulatory compliance information, and for cosmetic applications the relevant quality and regulatory documents, may be requested.

What technical properties are important when purchasing Zinc Chloride 50%?
ZnCl₂ and Zn content, density, pH, free acid, iron and heavy metal content, sulfate, clarity and quality grade may be important depending on the intended use.

ZINC CHLORIDE 50% – TECHNICAL SUMMARY

Zinc Chloride 50%, known in Turkish as Çinko Klorür Çözeltisi, is a clear, colorless to slightly yellowish, acidic inorganic salt solution that is an aqueous solution of zinc chloride with the formula ZnCl₂ at approximately 50% by weight. It may be searched for under different names such as Zinc Dichloride, Zinc(II) Chloride, Zinc Chloride Solution, Liquid Zinc Chloride, Butter of Zinc and Killed Spirits; in cosmetic products, its INCI name is Zinc Chloride.
Zinc Chloride 50% is not a single commercial product type. Although galvanizing, plating, battery, technical and cosmetic grades are based on the same chemical structure, their impurity limits, documentation and fields of use differ. ZnCl₂ content, density, pH, and iron and heavy metal content are also important parameters affecting performance.
CAS No 7646-85-7 and EC No 231-592-0 are used for zinc chloride. Since the term "zinc chloride" may evoke different products such as zinc ammonium chloride fluxes and ready-made mixtures containing zinc chloride, the full definition and concentration of the product should be checked during purchasing.
Zinc Chloride 50% is mainly used in hot-dip galvanizing and soldering fluxes, acid chloride zinc plating baths, cooling water treatment, activated carbon production, battery electrolytes, wood preservation and organic synthesis. It contributes to process efficiency and product quality through functions such as dissolving metal oxides, activating the surface, depositing zinc, cathodic corrosion inhibition and Lewis acid catalysis. Performance depends on product grade, dosage, process chemistry, other additives and system conditions.
During the handling of Zinc Chloride Solution, which may be harmful if swallowed, is corrosive to skin and eyes and requires care regarding the aquatic environment, appropriate occupational safety measures must be taken and the current SDS must be used as the basis. Selecting the correct concentration and grade of Zinc Chloride 50%, which can be evaluated in galvanizing, metal plating, water treatment, chemical and personal care applications, is important for final product performance.
Companies planning to source Zinc Chloride 50% from Ataman Kimya are advised to confirm current product, stock, origin, packaging and quotation information by sharing their field of use, requested product type and concentration, minimum ZnCl₂ content, impurity limits, quality standard, quantity and technical document requirements.