Zinc pyrithione (or pyrithione zinc) is a coordination complex of zinc. It has fungistatic (that is, it inhibits the division of fungal cells) and bacteriostatic (inhibits bacterial cell division) properties and is used in the treatment of seborrhoeic dermatitis.
CAS NO:13463-41-7
EC NO : 236-671-3
IUPAC NO:
1-oxidopyridine-6-thiolate, zinc (II) cation
2-Mercaptopyridine N-Oxide Zinc Salt
Bis [1-hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinethionato-O,S](T-4)-zinc
bis(1-hydroxy-2(1h)-pyridinethionato)zinc
bis(1-hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinethionato-O,S)-(T-4) zinc
Bis(1-hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinthionato-O,S) zinc
bis(2-pyridylthio)zinc 1,1'-dioxide
bis[1-hydroxy-2-(1H)-pyridine-thionato]zinc
Kopthione Zn
Mercaptopyridine N-oxide zinc salt, Pyrithione
Mercaptopyridine N-oxidezinc salt
Pyrithione zinc
pyrithione zinc
pyrithione zinc`
Zinc 1-oxidopyridin-1-ium-2-thiolate
Zinc 2-pyridinethiol-1-oxide
zinc bis(2-thioxopyridin-1(2H) -olate)
zinc bis(2-thioxopyridin-1(2H)-olate)
Zinc pyridinethione
Zinc pyrithion
Zinc Pyrithione
Zinc pyrithione
zinc(2+) bis(2-sulfanylidene-1,2-dihydropyridin-1-olate)
ZINC, BIS(1-HYDROXY-2(1H)-PYRIDINETHIONATO)- (6CI,7CI,8CI)
zinc;1-oxidopyridin-1-ium-2-thiolate
SYNONYMS
Zinc Pyrithione Powder
NCGC00091933-01
NCGC00183121-01
DSSTox_CID_6314
DSSTox_RID_78100
C10H8N2O2S2Zn
DSSTox_GSID_26314
1-Hydroxypyridine-2-thione zinc
zinc bis(2-thioxopyridin-1(2H)-olate)
CAS-13463-41-7
Kopthione Powder
Kopthione 50% fps
Kopthione 40% FPS
Zinc Pyrithione 40% FPD
Zinc Pyrithione 48% suspension
jm5b01461, Compound 171
bis(1-oxidopyridin-2-ylthio)zinc
BDBM429354
Tox21_111182
Tox21_113399
Tox21_202180
Tox21_303205
MFCD00067336
NCGC00257089-01
NCGC00259729-01
I976
J10432
Q-201649
Zinc bis-(2-Pyridinethiol-1-oxide); ZNPT; ZPT;
Zinc, bis(2-pyridylthio)-, N,N'-dioxide; 1-Hydroxy-2-pyridinethione, zinc salt; 2(1H)-Pyridinethione, 1-hydroxy-, zinc complex; 2-Mercaptopyridine 1-oxide Zinc Salt; 2-Pyridinethiol N-oxide zinc salt; 2-Pyridinethiol, 1-oxide, zinc salt; Zinc, Bis(2-pyridinylthio)-, N,N'-dioxide; Zinc, Bis(2-pyridylthio)-, 1,1'-dioxide; Zinc, Bis(2-pyridylthio)-, N,N'-dioxide; Zincpolyanemine; Zinksalz Des 1-hydroxi-2-pyridinthion;
1-HYDROXY-2-PYRIDINE THIONE, ZN SALT
1-HYDROXYPYRIDINE-2-THIONE ZINC
1-HYDROXYPYRIDINE-2-THIONE ZINC SALT
2-mercaptopyridine-1-oxide zinc salt
2-MERCAPTOPYRIDINE N-OXIDE ZINC
2-MERCAPTOPYRIDINE N-OXIDE ZINC SALT
2-PYRIDINETHIOL 1-OXIDE ZINC SALT
BIS(1-HYDROXY-2(H)-PYRIDINETHIONATO)ZINC
BIS(2-PYRIDYLTHIO) ZINC 1,1'-DIOXIDE
de-squaman
MERCAPTOPYRIDINE N-OXIDE ZINC SALT
N-HYDROXYPYRIDINETHIONE ZINC SALT
OM-1563
omadine zinc
PYRITHIONE
Pyrithione zinc
PYRITHIONE ZINC SALT
SALTPYRITHIONE ZINC
vancide zp
Zinc 1-hydroxypyridine-2-thione
2(1H)-Pyridinethione, 1-hydroxy-, zinc complex
2-Mercaptopyridine 1-oxide zinc salt
2-Pyridinethiol-1-oxide, zinc salt
AI3-62421
BC-J
Biocut ZP
Bis(1-hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinethionato)zinc
Bis(2-pyridinethiol-1-oxide)zinc
Bis(2-pyridylthio)zinc 1,1'-dioxide
Breck One Dandruff Shampoo
Caswell No. 923
CCRIS 4894
EC 236-671-3
EINECS 236-671-3
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 088002
Evafine P 50
Finecide ZPT
FSB 8332
Head & Shoulders Conditioner
Head and Shoulders
Hokucide ZPT
HSDB 4498
Niccanon SKT
NSC 290409
OM-1563
Omadine Zinc
Piritionato cincico
Piritionato cincico [INN-Spanish]
Pyrithione zinc
Pyrithione zincique
Pyrithione zincique [INN-French]
Pyrithionum zincicum
Pyrithionum zincicum [INN-Latin]
Sebulon Shampoo
Tomicide Z 50
Tomicide ZPT 50
Top Brass
UNII-R953O2RHZ5
Vancide P
Vancide ZP
Wella Crisan
Zinc - pyrion
Zinc 1-hydroxy-2-pyridinethione
Zinc 2-mercaptopyridine N-oxide
Zinc Omadine
Zinc PT
Zinc pyrethion
Zinc pyridine-2-thiol 1-oxide
Zinc pyridine-2-thiol-1-oxide
Zinc pyridinethione
Zinc pyrithione
Zinc, bis(1-hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinethionato)-
Zinc, bis(2-pyridinylthio)-, N,N'-dioxide
Zinc, bis(2-pyridylthio)-, 1,1'-dioxide
Zinc, bis(2-pyridylthio)-, N,N'-dioxide
Zinci pyrithionum
Zincon Dandruff Shampoo
Zincopan
Zincpolyanemine
Zn - pyrion
ZNP Bar
ZnPT
ZPT
Zinc pyrithione;
2-Pyridinethiol 1-Oxide Zinc Salt;
Mercaptopyridine N-oxide zinc salt;
2-Mercaptopyridine N-oxide zinc salt;
Pyrithione zinc;
1-Hydroxypyridine-2-thione zinc salt;
Bis(2-pyridylthio) Zinc 1,1'-Dioxide;
Pyrithion-Zink; Zinc omadine; Zinc pyridinethione; Zinc Pyrithion; Zinc-2-pyridinethione-1-oxide; Zincpolyanemine
Sodium pyrithione (3811-73-2); piriton; pyriton; SODIUM PYRITHIONE 40% ; Pyrithione de sodium 40%; SODIUM PYRITHIONE %40 ; Pyrithione de sodium %40; sodyum piriton %40; SODIUM PYRITHIONE 40 ; Pyrithione de sodium 40; sodyum piriton 40
Sodium Pyrithione (40% in Water, ca. 3.3mol/L); MFCD01941547; 1-Hydroxypyridine-2-thione sodium salt; 2-Pyridinethiol, 1-oxide, sodium salt (1:1); SCCS, scientific opinion, preservative, P81, Zinc pyrithione, Regulation; 1223/2009; NaPT;Sodi;UT900000;SODIUM OMADINE;thione(reagent);Sodium pyrithion;SODIUM; PYRITHIONE
1-HYDROXY-2-PYRIDINE THIONE, ZN SALT
1-HYDROXYPYRIDINE-2-THIONE ZINC
1-HYDROXYPYRIDINE-2-THIONE ZINC SALT
2-mercaptopyridine-1-oxide zinc salt
2-MERCAPTOPYRIDINE N-OXIDE ZINC
2-MERCAPTOPYRIDINE N-OXIDE ZINC SALT
2-PYRIDINETHIOL 1-OXIDE ZINC SALT
BIS(1-HYDROXY-2(H)-PYRIDINETHIONATO)ZINC
BIS(2-PYRIDYLTHIO) ZINC 1,1'-DIOXIDE
de-squaman
MERCAPTOPYRIDINE N-OXIDE ZINC SALT
N-HYDROXYPYRIDINETHIONE ZINC SALT
OM-1563
omadine zinc
PYRITHIONE
Pyrithione zinc
PYRITHIONE ZINC SALT
SALTPYRITHIONE ZINC
vancide zp
Zinc 1-hydroxypyridine-2-thione
Zinc Pt
Zinc Pyridine-2-thiol,1-oxide
Zinc bis(2-pyridylthio)-N-oxide
2-mercaptopyridine 1-oxide zinc salt
Zincpolyanemine
Zinc Omadine
ZİNC PYRITHIONE
Structure of the compound
The pyrithione ligands, which are formally monoanions, are chelated to Zn2+ via oxygen and sulfur centers. In the crystalline state, zinc pyrithione exists as a centrosymmetric dimer (see figure), where each zinc is bonded to two sulfur and three oxygen centers.[3] In solution, however, the dimers dissociate via scission of one Zn-O bond.
This compound was first described in the 1930s.
Pyrithione is the conjugate base derived from 2-mercaptopyridine-N-oxide (CAS# 1121-31-9), a derivative of pyridine-N-oxide.
Uses
Medicine
Zinc pyrithione can be used to treat dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis.[medical citation needed] It also has antibacterial properties and is effective against many pathogens from the Streptococcus and Staphylococcus genera.[medical citation needed] Its other medical applications include treatments of psoriasis, eczema, ringworm, fungus, athletes foot, dry skin, atopic dermatitis, tinea versicolor,[5] and vitiligo.[medical citation needed]
Paint
Because of its low solubility in water (8 ppm at neutral pH), zinc pyrithione is suitable for use in outdoor paints and other products that protect against mildew and algae. It is an algaecide. It is chemically incompatible with paints relying on metal carboxylate curing agents. When it is used in latex paints with water containing much iron, a sequestering agent that preferentially binds the iron ions is needed. It is decomposed by ultraviolet light slowly, providing years of protection in direct sunlight.
Sponges
Zinc pyrithione is an antibacterial treatment for household sponges, as by the 3M Corporation.
Clothing
A process to apply zinc pyrithione to cotton with washable results was patented in the United States in 1984.Zinc pyrithione is used to prevent microbe growth in polyester. Textiles with applied zinc pyrithione protect against odor-causing microorganisms. Export of antimicrobial textiles reached US$497.4 million in 2015.
Mechanism of action
Its antifungal effect is thought to derive from its ability to disrupt membrane transport by blocking the proton pump that energizes the transport mechanism.
Health effects
Zinc pyrithione is approved for over-the-counter topical use in the United States as a treatment for dandruff and is the active ingredient in several antidandruff shampoos and body wash gels. In its industrial forms and strengths, it may be harmful by contact or ingestion. Zinc pyrithione can trigger a variety of responses, such as DNA damage in skin cells.
Zinc Pyrithione inhibits the growth of fungi, yeast, mold and bacteria. It is used in as an active ingredient in cosmetics. It is used as an anti-dandruff ingredient in shampoo preparations. It is used in used in antifouling paints and sealants. Amine N-oxides are active components in body care products such as shampoo, bubble bath, and hand-soap formulations as they are cationic and can act as a mild conditioner in acidic media. In neutral or weak basic media, they are featured as excellent stabilizer and viscosity building provider.
Zinc is an essential mineral having a role in the maintenance of the body's nervous and immune systems (T-cell function). This mineral is involved in the biochemical reactions as an antioxidant in the healing process and develops normal tissues Zinc is a cofactor in enzymatic reactions such as protein synthesis polymerases and in carbonic acid anhydrase. Zinc maintains the body's alkaline balance. Zinc finger, a structural domain found in many gene-regulatory proteins, is a component of hydrophobic hormones acting stabilizing the biomembrane structures and cell membrane metabolism. Zinc deficiencies may result in prolonged wound healing, delayed sexual maturation, mental lethargy, skin changes, and susceptibility to infections. Gluconate and citrate forms are mainly used as zinc supplements. They are easily absorbed by the body.
Product description
Zinc pyrithione is the pyrithione complexes of zinc bromide, in the early 1930s, was already synthesized and used as a topical antifungal or antibacterial agent. At room temperature it is white to yellow crystalline powder. Slight characteristic odor. Insoluble in water. Solubility: water 15mg/kg; pH = 8 Water 35mg/kg; Ethanol 100mg/kg; polyethylene glycol (PEG400) 2000mg/kg. A pH optimum range of 4.5 to 9.5; mass fraction of 10% suspension pH3.6. Zinc pyrithione react with cationic and non-ionic surfactants forming insoluble precipitate, unstable in the light and oxidizer, when at higher temperatures ,it is not stable to acids and bases . It is not compatible with EDTA, non-ionic surfactants make it partially deactivated. When with the presence of heavy metals, chelation or anti-sequestration will occur, and these chelates are insoluble in water.
EEC and GB7916-87 provide that maximum allowable concentration of mass fraction of zinc pyrithione on cosmetics is 0.5%, only for cleaning after using products.General concentration 250~1000mg/kg (active), zinc pyrithione can be used in gels, creams, lotions, talcum powder and anti-dandruff shampoo, deodorant and also for disinfecting articles.
Uses
Shampoo for dandruff,zinc pyrithione can inhibit Gram positive and negative bacteria and mold growth,Care hair Effectively , delay hair aging ,control white hair and hair loss generation. zinc pyrithion is also used as a cosmetic preservative, oil, paint biocide.
Zinc pyrithione has a strong killing power on fungi and bacteria so that it can effectively kill dandruff fungus,playing a role in dandruff .
Pharmaceutical Applications
Zinc pyrithione is a regulator of keratinization, selenium sulfide has antimicrobial properties and ketoconazole is an antifungal agent (i.e.can provide the reduction of the lipophilic yeast Malassezia furfur).
Efficacy
Zinc pyrithione shampoos (in concentrations between 1 to 2%) and shampoos with selenium sulide have been reported to be effective in the treatment of scalp psoriasis.However,their efficacy has not been substantiated by controlled studies.There is also some evidence that shampoos with antifungal agents (e.g.ketoconazole)can have a beneficial effect on scalp conditions. It should be noted, however, that the effectiveness of these shampoos is much smaller than these containing tars, corticosteroids or keratolytics.
Photolysis
Zinc pyrithione is very rapidly transformed by photolysis. Experiments conducted under sterile conditions with a light:dark cycle of 12:12 hours have shown that, under exposure to light, the concentration of [pyridine-2,6-14C]zinc pyrithione in pH 9 buffer was reduced to 33% of the radioactivity added in 15 min. Data from this study also demonstrated that less than 5% of the 14C added occurred as zinc pyrithione after 1 hour of exposure to light. Similar results have been achieved when photolysis of zinc pyrithione was investigated by use of artificial seawater. In this study, the parent compound constituted 45% of the radioactivity added after 15 min while, after 24 hours, 1.3% of the added dose occurred as zinc pyrithione. The estimated half-lives of the photolytic transformation of zinc pyrithione was 13 min in pH 9 buffer and 17.5 min in artificial seawater (Reynolds 1995a).
Uses
Zinc pyrithione is directly cytotoxic and has antimicrobial effects. Zinc pyrithione is found in many shampoos (DHS-Zinc, Head and Shoulders) and should be applied for 5 minutes daily for 2 weeks.
Ketoconazole & Pyrithione Shampoo
Zinc pyrithione is the active ingredient in several shampoos used to control dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis and is also effective in the therapy of tinea versicolor. It remains unclear whether the beneficial effects are caused by an antiproliferative or antimicrobial effect or both. It is substantive to the hair, allowing continued therapeutic effect after washing.
Uses
zinc pyrithione is a preservative against bacteria, fungi, and yeast. It is unstable in light and in the presence of oxidizing agents. Zinc pyrithione is useful in gels, creams, heavy lotions, and talcum powder.
Uses
Reactions may lead to photosensitive eczema and actinic reticuloid syndrome. Zinc pyrithione is used as antifungal, antibacterial and antiseborrheic agent used in many shampoos and hair creams.
Indications
Zinc pyrithione is the active ingredient in several shampoos used to control dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis and is also effective in the therapy of tinea versicolor. It remains unclear whether the beneficial effects are caused by an antiproliferative or antimicrobial effect or both. It is substantive to the hair, allowing continued therapeutic effect after washing.
General Description
Fine beige granules.
Air & Water Reactions
Insoluble in water.
Reactivity Profile
Organometallics, such as Zinc pyrithione, are reactive with many other groups. Incompatible with acids and bases. Organometallics are good reducing agents and therefore incompatible with oxidizing agents. Often reactive with water to generate toxic or flammable gases.
Fire Hazard
Flash point data for Zinc pyrithione are not available, but Zinc pyrithione is probably combustible.
Contact allergens
Zinc pyrithione is widely used in antidandruff shampoos and is a classic allergen. Concomitant reactions are expected to both zinc and sodium pyrithione.
Safety Profile
Poison by ingestion, skin contact, intraperitoneal, and intravenous routes. Moderately toxic by subcutaneous route. An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. An eye irritant. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of NOx, SOx, and ZnO. Used as an anti- dandruff agent in shampoos. See also ZINC COMPOUNDS and SULFIDES.
It is a formulation of zinc, it is the most commonly used substance in the treatment of intense dandruff, it may be sufficient alone, but it is known that its effectiveness is increased with climbazol in cases where dandruff is too exaggerated such as excessive dandruff, oily eczema and psoriasis.
Zink pyrition solves the problem by dissolving the dead skin layer that develops due to rapid skin regeneration, which is the cause of dandruff, and this effect is called keratolytic effect. Since the main problem in seborrheic dermatitis and excessive dandruff is fungus, the use of climbazole in addition will increase the success in treatment.
The only use of Zink Pyrition is shampoos, it can be used in shampoos with different structures, it can be used in shampoos that cannot be used more than 2 times a week, as well as in high quality shampoos suitable for daily use.
There are many scientific studies done with Zink pyrition + climbazol, and better results have been obtained than zink pyrition alone. If you have oily eczema or excessive dandruff, your choice should be a shampoo with zink pyrition and climbazol.
It is a chemical among the pyrithione complex compounds of Zinc Bromide. It is a chemical with antifungal and antimicrobial properties.
How is it produced?
Zinc Pyrithione production A compound consisting of a 2-Bromopyridine N-oxide or a 2-chloropyridine group is selected. One of the bases of Sodium Hydrosulfite, sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide is added to this selected aqueous solution. During the base addition process, the temperature ranges between 20 ° C and 65 ° C.
The sodium pyrithione obtained in the production process is increased from 75 ° C to 105 ° C and reacted with a zinc salt. The zinc salt used here is zinc chloride (ZnCl2) or zinc sulphate (ZnSO4).
What Are Its Physical And Chemical Properties?
It is in cloudy white powder form.
Melting Point is approximately 240 ° C.
Its density at 25 ° C is 1.782 g / cm³.
It emits toxic fumes when heated with heat. These emit nitrogen oxides, zinc oxide and sulfur oxide fumes.
It has low resolution. Polyethylene Glycol (PEG400) has a resolution of 2g / kg.
The pH range is between 4.5 and 9.5.
What Are The Uses Of Zinc Pyrithione?
It is an antifungal and antimicrobial agent that blocks the transport of membranes.
It is the chemical zinc pyrithione that prevents the formation of mold caused by gram positive and gram negative bacteria on the hair.
In the cosmetics industry, it is used in the production of hair strengthening and rejuvenating shampoos that prevent hair whitening.
It is used to prevent bacterial growth in the paint.
It is used to destroy such fungi in order to prevent the formation of dandruff fungi on hair. It also has low irritating properties.
It prevents the growth of fungi by interfering with the primary proton pump.
Blackmail is an important ingredient for regulating the structure of keratin. It is processed using a range of 1% - 2%.
It prevents the formation of bacteria and algae in outdoor paints.
How is it produced?
Zinc Pyrithione production A compound consisting of a 2-Bromopyridine N-oxide or a 2-chloropyridine group is selected. One of the bases of Sodium Hydrosulfite, sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide is added to this selected aqueous solution. The temperature in the base addition process here ranges between 20 ° C and 65 ° C.
The sodium pyrithione obtained in the production process is increased from 75 ° C to 105 ° C and reacted with a zinc salt. The zinc salt used here is zinc chloride (ZnCl2) or zinc sulphate (ZnSO4).
What Are Its Physical And Chemical Properties?
-It is in cloudy white powder form.
-Melting Point is approximately 240 ° C.
-Its density at 25 ° C is 1.782 g / cm³.
-If heated with heat, it emits toxic fumes. These emit nitrogen oxides, zinc oxide and sulfur oxide fumes.
-It has low resolution. Polyethylene Glycol (PEG400) has a resolution of 2g / kg.
-The pH range is between 4.5 and 9.5.
What Are The Uses Of Zinc Pyrithione?
-It is an antifungal and antimicrobial agent that blocks the transport of membranes.
-It is the chemical zinc pyrithione that prevents the formation of mold caused by gram positive and gram negative bacteria in the hair.
-In the cosmetics industry, it is used in the production of hair strengthening and rejuvenating shampoos that prevent hair whitening.
-It is used to prevent bacterial growth in the paint.
-It is used to destroy such fungi in order to prevent the formation of dandruff fungi in the hair. It also has low irritating properties.
-In order to prevent the adhesion of microorganisms that damage the boats and affect their performance, these boats are coated. Zinc prithione is used as a biocide in the dyes used in these coatings.
-It prevents the growth of fungi by interfering with the primary proton pump.
-Blackmail is an important component for regulating the structure of keratin. It is processed using a range of 1% - 2%.
-It prevents the formation of bacteria and algae in outdoor paints.
What Are The Factors Affecting Their Prices?
-The price of zinc pyrithione depends directly on the areas of use. Prices have increased with the increasing use of this chemical compound in the shampoo industry recently.
-Zinc pyrithione prices are directly proportional to the prices of the chemicals used in its production. As the prices of sodium hydrosulfite, sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide increase, these raw material prices will increase.
-As the stocks of companies selling zinc pyrithione increase, prices will decrease for a short time.
1-Zinc pyrithione cream
Seborrheic dermatitis often affects the scalp, but it can also cause rough, scaly patches on the skin. Zinc pyrithione cream is used to treat seborrheic dermatitis or psoriasisTrusted Source on the body.
For the treatment of mild seborrheic dermatitis, the National Eczema Foundation suggests daily use of a cleanser that contains 2 percent zinc pyrithione followed by a moisturizer. You can also use the cream daily by applying it in a thin layer to the affected area.
2-Zinc pyrithione face wash
Zinc pyrithione face wash can help alleviate redness and itching associated with seborrheic dermatitis on the face. It can also help alleviate some of the greasiness associated with eczema and seborrheic dermatitis.
There’s some evidence that using a medicated soap that contains 2 percent zinc pyrithioneTrusted Source may help clear acne.
Potential side effects of zinc pyrithione
Zinc pyrithione is approved for over-the-counter (OTC) dandruff shampoo, but it should only be used topically. It may burn or sting if it gets in the eyes, mouth, or nose.
Other side effects may include burning or redness, and in rare cases, blistering. Talk to a doctor if you’re pregnant or nursing before using zinc pyrithione. If you swallow zinc pyrithione, consult a doctor right away.
Pyrithione zinc vs. selenium sulfide
Selenium sulfide is a topical antifungal treatment that slows the growth of yeast on the scalp or body. It’s available in both prescription and OTC forms.
Like pyrithione zinc, it’s also commonly foundTrusted Source in anti-dandruff shampoos, and the two ingredients can complement each other. Selenium sulfide is known to be a bit stronger and can be irritating if left on the scalp for too long. It’s naturally a light orange color, so shampoos or skin care products containing selenium sulfide are usually a peachy hue.
1. Zinc Pyrithione is a coordination complex of zinc, with hihg purity of 98% min.
2. Zinc Pyrithione is fine, broad-spectrum and environment-friendly antiseptics, It can inhibit the growth of Gram-positive, negative bacteria and mold. Zinc pyrithione was already synthesized and used as a topical antifungal or antibacterial agent.
3. Zinc Pyrithione has a strong killing power on fungi and bacteria, it can effectively kill dandruff fungus,playing a role in dandruff. Widely used in used in daily chemicals, shampoo.
4. The mixture of Zinc Pyrithione and Cu2O also can be used as marine antifouling coating to prevent adhering of shells, seaweeds and aquatic organisms to hulls.
Zinc Pyrithione is a coordination complex of zinc. It has fungistatic (that is, it inhibits the division of fungal cells) and bacteriostatic (inhibits bacterial cell division) properties and is used in the treatment of seborrhoeic dermatitis. It’s White to off white powder, with purity 98% min.
Function:
Zinc pyrithione can restrain and sterilize eight moulds, including black mold,aspergillus flavus, aspergillus versicolor,penicillium citrinum, paecilomium varioti bainier,trichoderma viride, chaetomium globasum and cladosporium herbarum; five bacteria, such as E.coli, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtilis,bacillus megaterium and pseudomonas fluorescence as well as two yeast fungi which are distillery yeast and bakers’ yeast.
1)In medical: Zinc pyrithione is best known for its use in treating dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis. It also has antibacterial properties and is effective against many pathogens from the Streptococcus and Staphylococcus genera. Its other medical applications include treatments of psoriasis, eczema, ringworm, fungus, athletes foot, dry skin,atopic dermatitis, tinea, and vitiligo.
2)In paint: Due to its low solubility in water (8 ppm at neutral pH), zinc pyrithione is suitable for use in outdoor paintsand other products that provide protection against mildew and algae. It is an effective algaecide. It is chemically incompatible with paints relying on metal carboxylate curing agents. When used in latex paints with water containing high amount of iron, a sequestering agent that will preferentially bind the iron ions is needed. Its decomposition by ultraviolet light is slow, providing years of protection even against direct sunlight.
3)In sponges: Zinc pyrithione is also used as an antibacterial treatment for household sponges.
Application:
Zinc pyrithione can be used in gels, creams, lotions, talcum powder and anti-dandruff shampoo, deodorant and also for disinfecting articles.
ZPT is a superordinary kind of chemic resistant to flake and abundant lips. It can effectively eliminate eumycete which produces dandruff, and result in relieving itching, removing dandruff, diminishing alopecie and deferring achromachia. It is considered as a highly effective and safe product. ZPT is widely used in the production of shampoo. Shampoo for dandruff,zinc pyrithione can inhibit Gram positive and negative bacteria and mold growth,Care hair Effectively , delay hair aging ,control white hair and hair loss generation. zinc pyrithion is also used as a cosmetic preservative, oil, paint biocide.
Besides, it can be used as fine, broad-spectrum and environment-friendly antiseptics to moulds and bacteria with hypotoxicity in public coating, mastics and carpets. The mixture of ZPT and Cu2O can be adopted as antifouling coating of ships to prevent adhering of shells, seaweeds and aquatic organisms to hulls. ZPT and other products of the same kind enjoy tremendous potential and broad space in pesticide field with properties of high-effect, environmental protection, hypotoxicity and broad-spectrum.
Antiseptic and mould proofing effects:
This product can restrain and sterilize eight moulds, including black mold,aspergillus flavus, aspergillus versicolor,penicillium citrinum, paecilomium varioti bainier,trichoderma viride, chaetomium globasum and cladosporium herbarum; five bacteria, such as E.coli, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtilis,bacillus megaterium and pseudomonas fluorescence as well as two yeast fungi which are distillery yeast and bakers’ yeast.
Zinc Pyrithione is an antifungal and antibacterial agent disrupting membrane transport by blocking the proton pump.Target: Proton PumpZinc pyrithione is considered as a coordination complex of zinc. The pyrithione ligands, which are formally monoanions, are chelated to Zn 2+ via oxygen and sulfur centers. In the crystalline state, zinc pyrithione exists as a centrosymmetric dimer, where each zinc is bonded to two sulfur and three oxygen centers. In solution, however, the dimers dissociate via scission of one Zn-O bond. Zinc pyrithione, which is a dimer but is probably biologically active as a monomer, induces plasma membrane depolarization with half-maximal effect (K1/2) of about 0.3 mM . Zinc pyrithione is an unusual synthetic potentiator that potently activates both heterologous and native M channels by inducing channel opening at the resting potential .
1. Zinc pyrithione (CAS NO.13463-41-7) can be used as an antifungal and antibacterial agent. It has antibacterial properties and is effective against many pathogens from the streptococcus and staphylococcus class.It is best known in treating dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis.It is also used in treating psoriasis, eczema, fungus,ringworm, athletes foot, dry skin, tinea,atypical dermatitis, and vitiligo.
2.Used in paint:due to its low solubility in water (8 ppm at neutral pH), Zinc pyrithione (CAS NO.13463-41-7) is suitable for use in outdoor paints and other products that provide protection against mildew and algae. When used in latex paints and the water contains high amount of iron, a sequestering agent that will preferentially bind the iron ions is needed. Its decomposition by ultraviolet light is slow, providing years of protection even against direct sunlight.
Product Description :-
Zinc pyrithione is a superordinary anti-scale agent and anti-lipid overflow agent. It can effectively eliminate eumycete which produces dandruff, and result in relieving itching, removing dandruff, diminishing phalacrosis and deferring poliosis. Therefore, it is considered as a highly effective and safe product. It will add the value of shampoo and meet the high demands from consumers. For this reason, ZPT is widely used in the production of shampoo.
Pyrithione zinc is an ingredient found in many . Your hair loss may be reduced by this type of shampoo if it is the result of a buildup of dead skin on your scalp, which can clog your follicles and inhibit hair growth. Furthermore, this ingredient can improve the health, body and appearance of your hair.
Pyrithione zinc cleans the skin on your scalp as well as helps control odor, by ridding it of the microorganisms that can grow on your skin and lead to dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis and similar conditions. The ingredient helps prevent bacteria from returning and thereby keeps your scalp symptoms at bay. It can also improve the texture and look of your hair by helping it become fuller, shinier and softer, making it beneficial for healthy hair growth as well.
Zinc Pyrithione powder has applications in both hair care products and in water-based paints and coatings. It is useful as an anti-dandruff additive in shampoos and conditioners as well as an anti-fungal agent in water-based paints.
Zinc Pyrithione is one of the most widely used active ingredients to treat dandruff caused by Seborrheic Dermatitis on the market today. A staggering 20% of the shampoos we’ve reviewed contain the ingredient, making it (by the second most widely used active ingredient after salicylic acid in the market today.
Uses of Pyrithione Zinc Shampoo:
It is used to control seborrheic dermatitis.
It is used to treat skin irritation and dandruff.
It may be given to you for other reasons. Talk with the doctor.
How is this medicine (Pyrithione Zinc Shampoo) best taken?
Use pyrithione zinc shampoo as ordered by your doctor. Read all information given to you. Follow all instructions closely.
If pyrithione zinc shampoo gets in the eyes, rinse with cool water.
Do not take pyrithione zinc shampoo by mouth. Use on your scalp and hair only. Keep out of your mouth, nose, ears, and eyes (may burn).
Shake well before use.
Wet hair and scalp.
Work into a lather and rinse.
What are some other side effects of Pyrithione Zinc Shampoo?
All drugs may cause side effects. However, many people have no side effects or only have minor side effects. Call your doctor or get medical help if any of these side effects or any other side effects bother you or do not go away:
Irritation where pyrithione zinc shampoo is used.
These are not all of the side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, call your doctor. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects.
How do I store and/or throw out Pyrithione Zinc Shampoo?
Store at room temperature.
Keep all drugs in a safe place. Keep all drugs out of the reach of children and pets.
Throw away unused or expired drugs. Do not flush down a toilet or pour down a drain unless you are told to do so. Check with your pharmacist if you have questions about the best way to throw out drugs. There may be drug take-back programs in your area.
Consumer information use
If your symptoms or health problems do not get better or if they become worse, call your doctor.
Do not share your drugs with others and do not take anyone else's drugs.
Some drugs may have another patient information leaflet. Check with your pharmacist. If you have any questions about pyrithione zinc shampoo, please talk with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other health care provider.
If you think there has been an overdose, call your poison control center or get medical care right away. Be ready to tell or show what was taken, how much, and when it happened.
WHAT OTHER DRUGS INTERACT WITH PYRITHIONE ZINC?
If your doctor has directed you to use this medication, your doctor or pharmacist may already be aware of any possible drug interactions and may be monitoring you for them. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicine before checking with your doctor, health care provider or pharmacist first.
Zinc pyrithione (ZPT) is an antimicrobial material with widespread use in antidandruff shampoos and antifouling paints. Despite decades of commercial use, there is little understanding of its antimicrobial mechanism of action. We used a combination of genome-wide approaches (yeast deletion mutants and microarrays) and traditional methods (gene constructs and atomic emission) to characterize the activity of ZPT against a model yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ZPT acts through an increase in cellular copper levels that leads to loss of activity of iron-sulfur cluster-containing proteins. ZPT was also found to mediate growth inhibition through an increase in copper in the scalp fungus Malassezia globosa. A model is presented in which pyrithione acts as a copper ionophore, enabling copper to enter cells and distribute across intracellular membranes. This is the first report of a metal-ligand complex that inhibits fungal growth by increasing the cellular level of a different metal.
Fungi have an essential role in causing dandruff, a scalp disease affecting >40% of the world's adult population (36). Zinc pyrithione (ZPT) is an antimicrobial compound that has been used since the 1960s in antidandruff shampoos (36) and in antifouling paints (37). In dandruff subjects, Zinc pyrithione treatment reduces the amount of fungus on the scalp and stops dandruff flaking (6). Despite billions of human scalp treatments for over 4 decades, little is known of the mechanism by which Zinc pyrithione inhibits fungal growth.
Malassezia globosa and M. restricta are the two most common fungi on scalp (15). Despite a recent description of the genome sequences of these two species (42), study of Malassezia is challenging due to the absence of transformation methods and available mutants. Several attempts have been made to characterize the mode of action of Zinc pyrithione against model fungi. Zinc pyrithione has been reported to inhibit transport by membrane depolarization (5, 11). However, efficacy was reported only with doses of at least 100 μM, whereas microbial growth inhibition is observed at much lower Zinc pyrithione doses. Pyrithione is a well-known zinc ionophore that causes increased zinc levels within mammalian cells (1, 18, 27). High intracellular zinc levels can inhibit microbial growth, likely due to zinc binding to intracellular proteins and resulting in mismetallation (31). Yasokawa et al. (43) recently used transcriptional analysis of ZPT-treated Saccharomyces cerevisiae to suggest that Zinc pyrithione causes iron starvation. They further showed that an iron salt lowered the antiyeast activity of Zinc pyrithione, suggesting that iron starvation is a key component of Zinc pyrithione's mechanism of action.
Zinc pyrithione (ZPT), coal tar, salicylic acid… the list goes on. There are so many ways to treat dandruff – but what makes Zinc pyrithione the world’s number one anti-dandruff ingredient?¹Dandruff treatment can take one of two approaches: treat the symptoms – this is designed to address the visible symptoms like flakes or inflammation. However, theunderlying cause of dandruff is still working away.
tackle the cause – here you get to the root of the problem. By tackling the cause you can achieve more completerelief and prevent the symptoms from reappearing, so it’s a good long-term solution.Meet the products that just treat the symptoms of dandruff Those dandruff treatments that merely work on the symptoms include coal tar and salicylic acid.Coal tar helps to control the skin’s reaction to scalp irritants formed as the microbe Malassezia globosa breaks down naturaloils on the scalp.So while you might not experience quite as much irritation, those substances are still being produced at the same rate... and could still damage your scalp.Salicylic acid acts on the actual flakes. It is designed to help break the bonds between dead skin cells to make them easier to washoff. But just like coal tar, salicylic acid doesn’t tackle the underlying cause of your itch, irritation, or flakes – so it’s lesseffective against dandruff.In fact, in clinical testing these products are far less effective at treating flakes than 1% Zinc pyrithione shampoos.
Pyrithione zinc, or zinc pyrithione or zinc pyridinethione, is a coordination complex consisted of pyrithione ligands chelated to zinc (2+) ions via oxygen and sulfur centers. In the crystalline state, it exists as a centrosymmetric dimer. Due to its dynamic fungistatic and bacteriostatic properties, pyrithione zinc is used to treat dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis. Dandruff is a common scalp disease affecting >40% of the world's adult population, and may be caused by fungi such as Malassezia globosa and M. restricta 3.
Pyrithione zinc is commonly found as an active ingredient in OTC antidandruff topical treatments such as shampoos. It mediates its action by increasing the cellular levels of copper, and damaging iron-sulfur clusters of proteins essential for fungal metabolism and growth 1. Due to low solubility, pyrithione zinc released from the topical formulations is deposited and retained relatively well onto the target skin surfaces 2. Other uses of pyrithione zinc include additive in antifouling outdoor paints and algaecide. While its use has been approved in the early 1960's by the FDA 4, safety and effectiveness of pyrithione zinc has been reported for decades. It is not shown to have any significant estrogenic activity according to the in vivo and in vitro assays 4.
Pyrithione zinc has a broad antimicrobial spectrum of activity, including fungi, gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria 2. Pyrithione zinc is effective against Malassezia and all other fungi, especially the Malassezia species found on scalp 5. In patients with dandruff, treatment with pyrithione zinc reduced the amount of fungus on the scalp, which reduces the amount of free fatty acids, thereby reducing scalp flaking and itch.
Inhibition of fungal growth by pyrithione zinc is linked to increased copper uptake and cellular levels of copper, which is demonstrated by decreased CTR1-lacZ expression and slightly increased CUP1-lacZ expression in affected microorganisms 3. The coordination complex of pyrithione zinc dissociates, and pyrithione ligand forms a CuPT complex from available extracellular copper in the target organism. Pyrithione acts as an ionophore, interacting nonspecifically with the plasma membrane to shuttle copper into the cell, and facilitates copper transport across intracellular membranes 3. Copper may be shuttled into the mitochondria. Copper inactivates iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster-containing proteins via a mechanism similar to that described for copper-induced growth inhibition in bacteria 3. Decreased activity of Fe-S proteins leads to inhibition of fungal metabolism and fungal growth. Pyrithione zinc has been shown to slightly increase the levels of zinc 3.
The potentiated Pyrithione zinc formulation is a shampoo product with improved bioavailability through the addition of cosmetic excipients such as zinc carbonate in an optimized surfactant chassis. Pyrithione zinc is the most commonly used antidandruff/seborrheic dermatitis active and improves symptoms by attacking one of the three required elements for the condition, Malassezia fungus. Although the mechanism of the way in which Pyrithione zinc exerts its antifungal activity is not known, significant new data highlight the critically important role of zinc ion. Quantitation of the amount of Pyrithione zinc that penetrates model cells facilitated the development of new, more effective technology. Pyrithione zinc only penetrates into cells when the coordination complex is intact. A natural equilibrium exists, however, in which some of the Pyrithione zinc molecules are separated into component zinc and pyrithione portions, neither of which are as effective as the intact Pyrithione zinc molecule. The new technology utilizes the cosmetic excipient zinc carbonate to Pyrithione zinc-based shampoo formulas to shift the equilibrium of Pyrithione zinc so that a greater portion remains in the bioavailable intact form. This is based on the well-known chemical principle set forth by LeChâtelier. This equilibrium shift results in a more effective Pyrithione zinc shampoo formula. The potentiated activity is demonstrated in both antifungal potency as well as antidandruff efficacy as measured by expert assessed flake reduction.
Zinc pyrithione is the zinc complex of 1-hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinethione, or more commonly, pyrithione. Pyrithione was first synthesized by E. Shaw and co-workers in 1950. The preparation of the zinc derivative was disclosed by Olin Mathieson in a 1956 British patent, but the compound has been used since the 1930s.
Zinc pyrithione was originally used as an antibacterial and antifungal agent. It is still used as an antifungal, primarily as a treatment for dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis. Its current antibacterial uses are treating Streptococcus and Staphylococcus infections and psoriasis, eczema, ringworm, and athlete’s foot. Its primary nonmedical use is as a component in exterior paints to protect against mildew and algae.
Pyrithione zinc is an antibacterial and antifungal agent developed by scientists in the 1930's. Since then it has been used to treat seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp and other skin conditions such as eczema, athlete's foot, and vitiligo, as well as psoriasis. Because of its antifungal properties, it is commonly found in dandruff shampoo.
Pyrithione zinc has a number of qualities that may be helpful in alleviating psoriasis symptoms. It is an antiseborrheic, which means that it helps to prevent or relieve excessive secretions of the sebaceous glands. These glands lie beneath the skin and are usually connected with hair follicles. Their function is to soften and lubricate the skin and hair. When sebaceous glands become overactive, an inflammatory skin rash known as seborrheic dermatitis can result. Pyrithione zinc also has both antifungal and antibacterial properties, which may help reduce inflammation on the skin and provide added relief for psoriasis sufferers. Topical zinc pyrithione is generally recognized as a safe and effective treatment for reduction in scale, erythema, and pruritus and can be applied and left on the skin or scalp for the control of dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis.
The effectiveness of pyrithione zinc is well-established, but as with many modern medicines that have evolved from time-tested remedies, the way the drug actually works is less clear. Many scientists believe that pyrithione zinc slows down mitosis (cell division) and reduces the turnover of skin cells. Pyrithione zinc also slows down the growth of bacteria and fungi on the skin, but researchers have not yet determined whether this contributes to the antiseborrheic effects of the drug.
Pyrithione zinc history
For centuries zinc has been recognized for its unique healing properties. In the 13th century Marco Polo observed that the Persians used tutia (meaning zinc oxide, or perhaps zinc sulphate) to heal wounds and sore eyes. Eighteenth-century apothecaries in Colonial Williamsburg, Virginia dispensed skin remedies made from calamine, a mineral form of zinc. Today most medicine cabinets still contain calamine lotion.Zinc was a common symbol of wealth in ancient times. The Romans believed that brass made from calamine, charcoal, and granules of copper was indistinguishable from gold. Metallic zinc was known in India by the year 1200 AD and in China by 1600 AD. Zinc production has evolved steadily over the last 500 years, and zinc sulphate ores have replaced zinc oxides as primary sources. New uses for zinc continue to be found.
Zinc—an essential nutrient
Zinc is an essential nutrient and is crucial to the proper functioning of at least 70 different enzymes. It plays a key role in collagen formation as well as maintaining blood stability. Research is currently being conducted to determine the impact of zinc on brain activity and possible effects it may have on disorders such as schizophrenia. Evidence also shows that zinc may be an immune system booster, and it is often found as an ingredient in lozenges for use in combating the common cold and sore throat.Zinc deficiency can result in significant health problems arising from impaired synthesis of DNA, RNA and various proteins. Excessive sweating and intestinal problems such as diarrhea can increase zinc loss. Common dietary sources of zinc include chickpeas, baked beans, cheddar cheese, and yogurt. Unfortunately, due to poor soil and over-processed food, zinc is often present in substandard amounts in our diets.
Side effects of pyrithione zinc
Pyrithione zinc has few known side effects, but in rare instances products that contain it may cause skin irritation or a burning sensation. Pyrithione zinc has not been shown to cause birth defects or to cause problems in nursing babies. There are no indications that its effect on children or older adults is different from any other group, and no adverse interactions with other medicines are known.Antidandruff topicals containing up to 2% zinc pyrithione has been used extensively worldwide for many years by a large number of people with no apparent ill effects. Pyrithione zinc soaps, creams, and shampoos have no apparent toxicity when applied as directed to normal skin and hair.FDA regulations specify how much pyrithione zinc a product can contain. Allowable concentrations are based upon how long the product is likely to remain in contact with the skin. Higher concentrations are allowed for products made to be applied and washed off than for products meant to be applied and left on the skin or scalp.
Pyrithione zinc is an antibacterial and antifungal agent developed by scientists in the 1930's. Since then it has been used to treat seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp and other skin conditions such as eczema, athlete's foot, and vitiligo, as well as psoriasis. Because of its antifungal properties, it is commonly found in dandruff shampoo. Products containing pyrithione zinc are available today with and without prescription, and it is the main ingredient in many over-the-counter creams, lotions, soaps, and shampoos. It also has antibacterial properties and is effective against many pathogens from the Streptococcus and Staphylococcus genera. Pyrithione zinc`s other medical applications include treatments of psoriasis, eczema, ringworm, fungus, athletes foot, dry skin, atopic dermatitis, tinea, and vitiligo. Its antifungal effect is thought to derive from its ability to disrupt membrane transport by blocking the proton pump that energizes the transport mechanism.
Where is zinc pyrithione found?
Zinc pyrithione is an antibacterial and antifungal agent. It is found in dandruff shampoo and cosmetic products for the treatment of skin problems.
What are some products that may contain zinc pyrithione?
Cream
Household Products
Shampoos
In the cosmetic industry, Zinc and zinc salts are used in a variety of categories. Cosmetic products might account for maximum 10% of the UL. One of the most widely used zinc salt is Zinc Pyrithione. It is an aromatic zinc compound used as an antidandruff, antiseborrhoeic, hair conditioning agent and preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. In the European Union (EU), Zinc Pyrithione is included in the Annex III of the European Cosmetic Regulation No. 1223/2009, which means its use is subject to the restrictions laid down. According to this Regulation, Zinc Pyrithione is also included in the Annex V (list of preservatives allowed in cosmetic products), and may be used as a preservative in rinse-off products (excluding oral hygiene products) in a concentration up to 0.5% in general and up to 1.0% in leave-on hair products (Annex V/8). This compound has been used for more than 60 years as an anti-dandruff agent, in concentration up to 1-2%. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) allows the use of Zinc Pyrithione as an active ingredient in Over-The-Counter (OTC) dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis drug products.
The European Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) has issued an opinion (March 2020) regarding the safety of Zinc Pyrithione (ZPT) in cosmetic products. The SCCS concluded that Zinc Pyrithione was “safe when used as an anti-dandruff in rinse-off hair products up to a maximum concentration of 1%”. This opinion updated previous SCCS opinions, that stated that this ingredient was safe up to 2% as an antidandruff agent in rinse-off products
Zinc Pyrithione when used at the appropriate percentage, with the appropriate Drug Facts label, and when made at a factory that follows current Good Manufacturing Practices is an FDA approved active ingredient proven to be highly effective in helping reduce scalp flakes associated with seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff.
Uses
*Medical
Zinc pyrithione is best known for its use in treating dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis. It also has antibacterial properties and is effective against many pathogens from the streptococcus and staphylococcus class. Its other medical applications include treatments of psoriasis, eczema, ringworm, fungus, athletes foot, dry skin, atypical dermatitis, tinea, and vitiligo.
*In paint
Due to its low solubility in water (8 ppm at neutral pH), zinc pyrithione is suitable for use in outdoor paints and other products that provide protection against mildew and algae. It is an effective algaecide. It is chemically incompatible with paints relying on metal carboxylate curing agents. When used in latex paints and the water contains high amount of iron, a sequestering agent that will preferentially bind the iron ions is needed. Its decomposition by ultraviolet light is slow, providing years of protection even against direct sunlight.
*In sponges
*Mechanism
Its antifungal effect most likely lies in the ability of an un-ionized pyrithione molecule to disrupt membrane transport by blocking the proton pump that energizes the transport mechanism.[4] Fungi are capable of inactivating pyrithione in low concentrations.
What is zinc pyrithione?
Zinc pyrithione (also known as Zinc Omadine® or Zinc 2-pyridinethiol-1-oxide) is used to prevent microbial degradation and deterioration of manufacturing starting materials such as plastics, polymers, and latexes, and in a wide range of finished articles made from these starting materials. The chemical acts to prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, mildew, and algae that can cause various types of deterioration such as discoloration, staining, odors, etc.
What are the major uses of zinc pyrithione?
Zinc pyrithione is used to preserve a wide variety of food/drinking water contact, and non-food contact articles such as: adhesives; carpet fibers; carpet backings; rubber or rubber-backed bath mats; foam underlay for carpets; synthetic, non-leather materials; foam stuffing for cushions and mattresses; wire and cable insulation; vinyl, linoleum, tile and other synthetic floor coverings; wall coverings; plastic furniture; athletic flooring and mats; mattress liners, covers or ticking; molding; mats; gaskets; weather stripping; coated fabrics for furniture cushions, boat covers, tents; tarpaulins and awnings; rubber gloves (non-surgical); garbage bags, cans, and other refuse containers; bathtub appliques; garden hose; pipe (non-potable water); ductwork; air filters; air filtration components and media for industrial, hospital, residential, and commercial heating and cooling; conveyor belts; shower curtains; sponge or fiber mops; household use sponges; toilet brush receptacles; toothbrush receptacles (non-bristle contact); scrub brushes (non-medical); sink mats and drain boards; storage containers; soap dish holders; towel bars; components of uppers in footwear.
Zinc pyrithione is also registered for incorporation into antifoulant boat paints to control the growth of slime, algae, and marine fouling organisms (e.g., barnacles, tubeworms, etc.) below the water line on recreational and commercial boat hulls.
The largest use for zinc pyrithione is non-pesticidal (i.e., control of dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, and psoriasis), and is regulated by the Food and Drug Administration. It is the active ingredient in many anti-dandruff shampoo.
How is zinc pyrithione formulated and incorporated?
Zinc pyrithione is incorporated into various polymers and plastics as a liquid, powder, or aqueous dispersion, during the manufacturing process of these materials, and during the manufacture of finished articles from these materials. Zinc pyrithione is added usually by metering pump if it is a liquid, and by open pouring if it is the powder form. It is added at a point where thorough mixing will take place.
Zinc pyrithione is one of the active components in paint, sealants, shampoo, adhesive and aerosol due to its anti-microbial activity. In biochemistry studies, it is utilized to transport zinc into cells. Further, it is used to form bidentate oxothiolane chelates with transition metals. It acts as a stabilizer and viscosity building provider in weak basic or neutral medium.
REVIEW
Zinc pyrithione is a safe and effective antimicrobial agent, and is best known for its use in treating dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis. It also has antibacterial properties and is effective against many pathogens from the Streptococcus and Staphylococcus genera. Its other medical applications include treatments of psoriasis, eczema, ringworm, fungus, athletes foot, dry skin, atopic dermatitis, tinea, and vitiligo. Its antifungal effect is proposed to derive from its ability to disrupt membrane transport by blocking the proton pump that energizes the transport mechanism. It has been shown that 1-hydroxypyridine-2-thione zinc resulted in a marked decrease in the activities of a variety of independently-regulated transport systems, including those for inorganic sulfate, inorganic phosphate, methylamine (actually, the ammonium permease), choline-O-sulfate, glucose, l-methionine (a specific system), and several hydrophobic l-alpha-amino acids (the general amino acid permease).
Zinc pyrithione (ZPT) is an active material that has been used for over 50 years to effectively treat dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis (D/SD). It has become the most common material for that purpose, its use has expanded to include other skin benefits such as skin hygiene. However, there is much about Zinc pyrithione that is unappreciated. It is a rationally developed molecule that was modeled after the naturally occurring antimicrobial aspergillic acid. The molecular basis for its antifungal activity has been elucidated. The efficacy of Zinc pyrithione originates from two attributes. First, it has a very broad antimicrobial spectrum of activity, including fungi, gram-positive and -negative bacteria. Second, the material has very low solubility, resulting in formulation and delivery as a particulate material, which has distinct performance advantages. The particles are deposited and retained on the target skin surfaces even when delivered from rinse-off products. These particles slowly release molecularly active material to interact with the surface fungal and bacteria cells to control their population, functioning as slow-release reservoirs to provide extended and persistent benefits. This particulate nature, though, results in complex pharmaceutics to realize the full efficacy benefits; it is common to see products with the same Zinc pyrithione level having widely varying levels of clinical performance. Several product matrix-determined factors directly impact resultant benefits: Zinc pyrithione must be retained on the skin surface achieving uniform spatial distribution laterally as well as within hair follicles (especially on scalp); Zinc pyrithione must be maintained as a physically stable dispersion in product; Zinc pyrithione must be maintained in a chemically active form as there are many chemical reactions that can occur that can harm Zinc pyrithione bioactivity. The benefits achievable by employing Zinc pyrithione require significant pharmaceutics expertise to realize the full benefits of this active material.
Zinc pyrithione is a superordinary kind of chemic resistant to flake and abundant lips. It can effectively eliminate eumycete which produces dandruff, and result in relieving itching, removing dandruff, diminishing alopecie and deferring achromachia. Thus, it is considered as a highly effective and safe product. The value of the shampoo added with this product would be appreciated to meet the high demands from consumers. In such a case, Zinc pyrithione is widely used in the production of shampoo. Besides, it can be used as fine, broad-spectrum and environment-friendly antiseptics to moulds and bacteria with hypotoxicity in public coating, mastics and carpets. The mixture of Zinc pyrithione and Cu2O can be adopted as antifouling coating of ships to prevent adhering of shells, seaweeds and aquatic organisms to hulls. Zinc pyrithione and other products of the same kind enjoy tremendous potential and broad space in pesticide field with properties of high-effect, environmental protection, hypotoxicity and broad-spectrum.
Application of Zinc pyrithione ZPT
1) Zinc pyrithione is a superordinary anti-scale agent and anti-lipid overflow agent. It can effectively eliminate eumycete which produces dandruff, and result in relieving itching, removing dandruff, diminishing phalacrosis and deferring poliosis. Therefore,it is considered as a highly effective and safe product.
2) It will add the value of shampoo and meet the high demands from consumers. For this reason,Zinc pyrithione is widely used in the production of shampoo.
3) Moreover,as a fine,broad-spectrum,environment-friendly and low toxic antiseptics, it can be used in civil coating, adhesive and carpet.
4) The mixture of Zinc pyrithione and Cu2O also can be used as marine antifouling coating to prevent adhering of shells, seaweeds and aquatic organisms to hulls.
5) Zinc pyrithione and its relative products enjoy tremendous potential and broad space in pesticide field with properties of high-efficiency, environmental protection,hypotoxicity and broad-spectrum
Zinc pyrithione (ZPT), a zinc coordination complex, is used as an antimicrobial agent. This study investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying Zinc pyrithione-induced spermatozoa immobilization by examining plasma membrane integrity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway response. Zinc pyrithione inhibited spermatozoa motility and movement patterns in a concentration-dependent manner. The 100% effective concentration (EC100) and median effective concentration (EC50) at which Zinc pyrithione-induced spermatozoa immobilization at 20 s were 40 μmol/L and 16.19 μmol/L, respectively. Zinc pyrithione did not significantly disrupt spermatozoa plasma membranes, but it exerted a strong and significant effect on the depolarization of mitochondria. In addition, Zinc pyrithione exposure induced intracellular H+ accumulation and Ca2+ dissipation in spermatozoa, accompanied by suppression of the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway. Thus, Zinc pyrithione induces spermatozoa immobilization without significant plasma membrane injury and so could be a candidate microbicidal spermicide.