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EC / List no.: 212-377-0
CAS no.: 811-97-2
Mol. formula: C2H2F4
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (also known as norflurane (INN), R-134a, Freon 134a, Forane 134a, Genetron 134a, Green Gas, Florasol 134a, Suva 134a, or HFC-134a) is a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) and haloalkane refrigerant with thermodynamic properties similar to R-12 (dichlorodifluoromethane) but with insignificant ozone depletion potential and a lower 100-year global warming potential (1,430, compared to R-12's GWP of 10,900).
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane has the formula CF3CH2F and a boiling point of −26.3 °C (−15.34 °F) at atmospheric pressure.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane cylinders are colored light blue.
A phaseout and transition to HFO-1234yf and other refrigerants, with GWPs similar to CO2, began in 2012 within the automotive market.
Uses
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is a non-flammable gas used primarily as a "high-temperature" refrigerant for domestic refrigeration and automobile air conditioners.
These devices began using 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane in the early 1990s as a replacement for the more environmentally harmful R-12.
Retrofit kits are available to convert units that were originally R-12-equipped.
Other common uses include plastic foam blowing, as a cleaning solvent, a propellant for the delivery of pharmaceuticals (e.g. bronchodilators), wine cork removers, gas dusters ("canned air"), and in air driers for removing the moisture from compressed air.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane has also been used to cool computers in some overclocking attempts.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is the refrigerant used in plumbing pipe freeze kits.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is also commonly used as a propellant for airsoft airguns.
The gas is often mixed with a silicone-based lubricant.
Aspirational and niche applications
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is also being considered as an organic solvent suitable for extraction of flavor and fragrance compounds, as a possible alternative to other organic solvents and supercritical carbon dioxide.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane can also be used as a solvent in organic chemistry, both in liquid and supercritical fluid.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is used in the resistive plate chamber particle detectors in the Large Hadron Collider.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is also used for other types of particle detectors, e.g. some cryogenic particle detectors.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane can be used as an alternative to sulfur hexafluoride in magnesium smelting as a shielding gas.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is also being considered as an alternative to sulfur hexafluoride as a dielectric gas.
Its arc-quenching properties are poor, but its dielectric properties are fairly good.
History and environmental impacts
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane was introduced in the early 1990s as a replacement for dichlorodifluoromethane (R-12), which has massive ozone depleting properties.
Even though it has insignificant ozone depletion potential (ozone layer) and negligible acidification potential (acid rain), it has a 100-year global warming potential (GWP) of 1430 and an approximate atmospheric lifetime of 14 years.
Its concentration in the atmosphere and contribution to radiative forcing have been growing since its introduction.
Thus it was included in the IPCC list of greenhouse gases.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane was consequently banned from use in the European Union, starting with cars in 2011, by a directive of 2006 banning gases in air conditioning systems with a GWP above 100.
1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane is subject to use restrictions in the US and other countries as well.
The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) has proposed that it be best replaced by a new fluorochemical refrigerant HFO-1234yf (CF3CF=CH2) in automobile air-conditioning systems.
By model year 2021, newly manufactured light-duty vehicles in the United States will no longer use R-134a.
California may also prohibit the sale of canned R-134a to individuals to avoid non-professional recharge of air conditioners.
A ban had been in place in Wisconsin since October 1994 under ATCP 136 prohibiting sales of container sizes holding less than 15 lbs of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, but this restriction applied only when the chemical was intended to be a refrigerant.
However, the ban was lifted in Wisconsin in 2012.
During the time that it was active, this Wisconsin-specific ban contained loopholes.
For example, it was legal for a person to purchase gas duster containers with any amount of the chemical because in that instance the chemical is neither intended to be a refrigerant nor is HFC-134a included in the § 7671a listing of class I and class II substances.
Production and reactions
Tetrafluoroethane is typically made by reacting trichloroethylene with hydrogen fluoride:
CHCl=CCl2 + 4 HF → CF3CH2F + 3 HCl
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane reacts with butyllithium to give trifluorovinyl lithium:
CF3CH2F + 2 BuLi → CF2=CFLi + LiF + 2 BuH
Medical use
For its medical uses, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane has the generic name norflurane.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is used as propellant for some metered dose inhalers.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is considered safe for this use.
In combination with pentafluoropropane, it is used as a topical vapocoolant spray for numbing boils before curettage.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane has also been studied as a potential inhalational anesthetic, but it is nonanaesthetic at doses used in inhalers.
Physical and Chemical Properties
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is commonly known as R134a, HFC134a and HFC-134a.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is a kind of colorless, non-toxic and non-burning chemical.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is insoluble in water (67mg/L, 25 ℃ ) but soluble in ether with its potential value of ozone depletion being 0.
Its thermodynamic property is very similar as CFC-12 while having its security being comparable to CFC-12, and thus has been recognized as the best substitute of CFC-12.
Although there are some greenhouse effect for 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (HGWP = 0.28), this doesn’t affect it to become the primary-choice ODS (Ozone Depleting Substances) substitute.
1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a or HFA-134a) is a new generation of non-chlorofluorocarbon compounds as pharmaceutical excipients.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is mainly used as the propellant agent contained in the mist agent during the treatment of asthma and chronic respiratory disorders disease.
Compared with the traditional CFC class pharmaceutical propellant, the advantage of 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is free of chlorine atom and thus having zero ODP (ozone depletion potential) value and GWP value (global warming potential) without depleting ozone and generating photochemical smog and is chemically inert and toxicologically safe.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is also a kind of environmental friendly pharmaceutical excipients and is also currently used as the major substitute of CFC contained in aerosol that is ozone-depleting.
Environmental friendly refrigerants
Tetrafluoroethane (R-134a) is the most widely used low or moderate-temperature refrigerant.
Owing to the excellent overall performance of the 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane, it has become a very effective and safe substitute for CFC-12 products.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is mainly applied to various areas taking advantage of R-12 (R12, Freon 12, F-12, CFC-12, Freon 12, dichlorodifluoromethane) refrigerant including: refrigerators, freezers, water dispensers, auto air conditioning, central air conditioning, dehumidifiers, cold storage, commercial refrigeration, ice machines, ice cream machine, refrigeration condensing units and other refrigeration equipment.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane can also be applied to fields of aerosol propellants, medical aerosols, pesticides propellant, polymer (plastic) physical foaming agent, and protection gas of magnesium alloy.
While 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is the most popular choice as alternative of the feron R12 for being applied to the newly installed refrigeration equipment, owing to that 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is different from R12 in physical and chemical properties, theoretical cycle performance as well as the applied compressor oil, for the after-sales repair of the refrigerated equipment with initial installation of R12 refrigerant refrigeration equipment repairs, if you need to add or replace the refrigerant, you have no choice but still add R12.
Usually people can‘t directly apply 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane to replace R12 (That is usually called “no cataclysmic replacement”).
Synthetic route
Synthetic route of the raw material of 1,1,1,2-tetfluoroethane: it has been reported of as much as several dozens of major synthetic routes.
Among them, the major synthetic route is shown as the figure.
For various synthetic routes, considering comprehensively of the sources of raw materials, production processes and waste treatment and other factors, only two routes of raw materials, trichlorethylene and tetrachlorethylene have practical value of industrial production.
In the actual industrial production, trichlorethylene raw material routes, due to its simple reaction step and small amounts of by-products, is preferentially recommended.
Trichlorethylene route, the main production process are liquid, gas and gas-liquid method.
Take trichlorethylene (TCE) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) as raw materials, upon the action of catalyst, perform addition and substitution reaction in the first step to generate 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-chloroethane (HCFC-133a ); then, at higher temperatures, perform the second step to generate 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a).
The advantage of liquid Freon is following the traditional production methods with simple production process and relatively mature technology.
In 1982, DuPont ha applied liquid fluorination for the manufacturing of 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane.
However, at high temperature, due to the emergent corrosion of the equipment and the difficulty in conducting continuous production, this method is still in the stage of small-range laboratory test.
Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Research has applied Cl (CF2CF2) 4OCF2SO2F (perfluoroalkoxy sulfonyl fluoride) as a catalyst and have reaction in the KF solution at the pressure of 230e and 12.5MPa for 2h to give 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane with the yield being 88%.
The reaction equation is:
CF3CH2Cl + KF---CF3CH2F + KCl, compared with the DuPont method, the CAS Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry had achieved lower reaction temperature so that corrosion and byproducts have been effectively controlled, making it possible to conduct the continuous production.
However, 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is still difficult to achieve industrial production using this method in short term.
Gas - liquid phase and gas-phase synthesis of tetra-fluoroethane
The advantage of gas-Liquid method is that at the first-step reaction, it can almost take advantage of all the equipment and technology, liquid-phase washing, alkaline washing and drying processes for the original production of Freon products.
This can effectively reduce the energy consumption.
This process, for the old plant of the original production of CFCs, it is a doable route.
However, the second step is equilibrium reaction with low gas one-way conversion rate and short duration life of the catalyst and other shortcomings.
Therefore, this step restricts the vapor-liquid phase process for being applied to process route for large-scale production.
Gas phase method applies trichlorethylene (TCE) and anhydrous hydrogen fluoride (HF) for reaction in the action of a chromium-containing catalyst.
The first step of addition and substitution reactions generates HCFC-133a, and then it is further reacted with HF in the presence of chromium-based catalyst to generate the finished product, tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) at a temperature of 350~380 ℃.
The second-stage reaction of gas-phase method is relative difficult with the conversion rate being generally only about 20%.
Therefore, in the industrial production, people mostly adopts continuous cycle method to have the large amount of raw materials be recycled to reduce the toxic and hazardous intermediate products as well as improve the overall yield.
Gas-phase method has a lot of advantages including easily controllable reaction process, small amount of waste pollution and easily being applied for large-scale continuous production.
Currently gas-phase method has gradually replaced liquid-phase method and gas phase-liquid phase method to become the mainstream of the world's production of 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane.
Precautions for manipulation
Technical measures: it should be manipulated in a well-ventilated place.
Upon high pressure condition, make sure that the internal pressure of the reaction apparatus does not exceed the cylinder pressure.
For safety purpose, the gas flow path should be installed with a check valve.
Do not remove the check valve before running out of the content.
Wear protective equipment when handling.
Wash hands and face thoroughly after handling.
Handling Precautions: Avoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing.
Storage conditions: Avoid the sunshine.
Store it in a well-ventilated place.
Do not expose it to environment above 40 ℃.
Locked up the place where it is stored.
Store it away from incompatible materials such as oxidants.
Uses:
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane can be used as the refrigerant in fridge and refrigerator and automotive air conditioning as well as the aerosol propellant of medicine and cosmetics.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane can be used as animal-used antibiotic with stable quality.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is not easy to produce drug resistance and cross-resistance and has a high antibacterial activity in vivo.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is mainly applied to the treatment of E. coli disease in livestock and poultry, cholera, dysentery, chronic respiratory infections and other diseases.
Refrigerant, propellant for pharmaceuticals; blowing agent for foams.
Chemical Properties
colourless gas or cryogenic liquid with an ether-like odour
Tetrafluoroethane is a liquefied gas and exists as a liquid at room temperature when contained under its own vapor pressure, or as a gas when exposed to room temperature and atmospheric pressure.
The liquid is practically odorless and colorless.
The gas in high concentrations has a slight etherlike odor.
Tetrafluoroethane is noncorrosive, nonirritating, and nonflammable.
Production Methods
Tetrafluoroethane can be prepared by several different routes; however, the following routes of preparation illustrate the methods used:
Isomerization/hydrofluorination of 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (CFC-113) to 1,1-dichloro-1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane, followed by hydrodechlorination of the latter.
Hydrofluorination of trichloroethylene, via 1-chloro-1,1,1- trifluoroethane (HCFC-133a).
General Description
A colorless gas with a slight ethereal odor.
Vapors are heavier than air.
Shipped liquefied under own vapor pressure.
Flash point 351°F.
Inhalation at high concentrations is harmful and may cause heart irregularities, unconsciousness or death without warning.
Liquid contact may cause frostbite. Vapors can replace the available oxygen.
Pharmaceutical Applications
Tetrafluoroethane is a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) or hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) aerosol propellant (contains hydrogen, fluorine, and carbon) as contrasted to a CFC (chlorine, fluorine, and carbon).
The lack of chlorine in the molecule and the presence of hydrogen reduce the ozone depletion activity to practically zero.
Hence tetrafluoroethane is an alternative to CFCs in the formulation of metereddose inhalers (MDIs).
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane has replaced CFC-12 as a refrigerant and propellant since it has essentially the same vapor pressure.
Its very low Kauri-butanol value and solubility parameter indicate that it is not a good solvent for the commonly used surfactants for MDIs.
Sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan sesquioleate, oleic acid, and soya lecithin show limited solubility in tetrafluoroethane and the amount of surfactant that actually dissolves may not be sufficient to keep a drug readily dispersed.
Up to 10% ethanol may be used to increase its solubility.
When 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is used for pharmaceutical aerosols and MDIs, the pharmaceutical grade must be specified.
Industrial grades may not be satisfactory due to their impurity profiles.
Use and Manufacturing
Household & Commercial/Institutional Products
• Auto Products
• Commercial / Institutional
• Hobby/Craft
• Home Maintenance
• Inside the Home
• Environmentally acceptable alternative to chlorofluorocarbons used as a refrigerant, solvent and propellant.
• Refrigerant, propellant for pharmaceuticals, blowing agent for foams.
Industry Uses
• Air Conditioner/Refrigeration
• Functional fluids (closed systems)
• Propellants and blowing agents
• Refrigerant - Heat transfer fluid
• Refrigerant Gas
• Solvents (which become part of product formulation or mixture)
Consumer Uses
• Air Conditioner/Refrigeration
• Automotive
• Automotive care products
• Building/construction materials not covered elsewhere
• Cleaning and furnishing care products
• Electrical and electronic products
• Metal products not covered elsewhere
• Non-TSCA use
• Refrigerant - Heat transfer fluid
• Refrigerant gas used for chilling and cooling purposes.
• Refrigerant gas used in air conditioning and chiller equipment
• product sold as is for refrigeration purposes or used in other refrigerant blends
Methods of Manufacturing
Higher temperatures and higher hydrogen fluoride-to-substrate ratios are necessary to achieve complete replacement of all chlorine atoms in the starting chloro compounds by fluorine.
Both liquid-phase halogen exchange in the presence of catalysts, such as antimony(V) or tin(IV) chlorofluorides and vapor phase reactions using solid-phase catalysts based on chromium are employed. Preferred starting materials are chloroform for HFC 23, dichloromethane for HFC 32, and 1,1,1-trichloroethane for HFC 143a .
The conversion of tetrachloroethylene to HFC 125 and trichloroethylene to HFC 134a involves initial HF-addition across the double bond followed by a series of chlorine-fluorine exchange reactions.
General Manufacturing Information
Industry Processing Sectors
• All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing
• All other chemical product and preparation manufacturing
• Construction
• Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing
• Industrial gas manufacturing
• Machinery manufacturing
• Miscellaneous manufacturing
• Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing
• Plastics product manufacturing
• Transportation equipment manufacturing
• Wholesale and retail trade
IDENTIFICATION AND USE:
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) is a colorless gas with a faint odor.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is not registered for current pesticide use in the U.S., but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is used as refrigerant, propellant for pharmaceuticals, blowing agent for foams.
About 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane
Helpful information
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 to < 100 000 tonnes per annum.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Consumer Uses
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is used in the following products: heat transfer fluids and pharmaceuticals.
Other release to the environment of 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).
Article service life
Release to the environment of 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles and of substances in closed systems with minimal release.
Other release to the environment of 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is likely to occur from: indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment), outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials), outdoor use as processing aid, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: vehicles and machinery, mechanical appliances and electrical/electronic products (e.g. computers, cameras, lamps, refrigerators, washing machines).
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane can be found in products with material based on: plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones) and stone, plaster, cement, glass or ceramic (e.g. dishes, pots/pans, food storage containers, construction and isolation material).
Widespread uses by professional workers
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is used in the following products: laboratory chemicals and heat transfer fluids.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is used in the following areas: building & construction work and health services.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is used for the manufacture of: plastic products and chemicals.
Other release to the environment of 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is likely to occur from: indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters), outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids), outdoor use, outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials), indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment) and indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).
Formulation or re-packing
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is used in the following products: heat transfer fluids and laboratory chemicals.
Release to the environment of 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.
Uses at industrial sites
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is used in the following products: heat transfer fluids, laboratory chemicals and semiconductors.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is used for the manufacture of: machinery and vehicles and plastic products.
Release to the environment of 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane can occur from industrial use: of substances in closed systems with minimal release, in processing aids at industrial sites and in the production of articles.
Manufacture
Release to the environment of 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane appears as a colorless gas with a slight ethereal odor.
Vapors are heavier than air.
Shipped liquefied under own vapor pressure.
Flash point 351°F.
Inhalation at high concentrations is harmful and may cause heart irregularities, unconsciousness or death without warning.
Liquid contact may cause frostbite. Vapors can replace the available oxygen.
General description
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is used as a trifluorovinylating agent in organic synthesis.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is identified as a potential refrigerant used in place of chlorofluorocarbons.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane can also be used as a solvent and medical propellant for a wide range of applications.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane is used to extract materials of natural origin like natural flavors, fragrances, and nutraceuticals.
Application
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane can be used:
As a solvent in the preparation of cross-linked polymer microspheres through the dispersion polymerization method.
As a porogenic solvent in the preparation of porous polymethacrylate monolith via free radical polymerization.
In the synthesis of trifluorovinyllithium, a key intermediate for the preparation of 2-halo-2,3-dideoxy-arabinose derivatives of biological importance.
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (CAS no. 811-97-2; C2H2F4; 1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, HFC 134a, HFA 134a,
HCFC 134a) is a gaseous fluorocarbon with a faint etherlike odour.
It is soluble in alcohols, esters, and chlorinated solvents, but it is only slightly soluble in water.
It has a boiling point of !26°C and a vapour pressure of 630 kPa at 25°C.
Additional properties are presented in the International Chemical Safety Card reproduced in this document.
The conversion for 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane is 1 ppm = 4.17 mg/m3 (at 25°C).
Applications of 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane include the following:
It’s primary use is as a substitute for CFC-12 products in refrigeration
As a substitute for SF6 in magnesium production
Paired with SF6 for laser machining of silicon
Highly purified form is used as a propellant in some medical sprays and inhalers
A colorless gas with a slight ethereal odor. Vapors are heavier than air. Shipped liquefied under own vapor pressure.
Flash point 351°F.
Inhalation at high concentrations is harmful and may cause heart irregularities, unconsciousness or death without warning. Liquid contact may cause frostbite.
Vapors can replace the available oxygen.
Analyte Name: 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane
CAS Number: 811-97-2
Molecular Formula: C2 H2 F4
Molecular Weight: 102.03
Concentration: 100 μg/mL
Accurate Mass: 102.0093
Flash Point: 12.0
Color: Colourless
Odor: Alcohol-like
Smiles: FCC(F)(F)F
InChI: InChI=1S/C2H2F4/c3-1-2(4,5)6/h1H2
IUPAC: 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane
1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134) is a colorless gas used as a foam expansion agent and heat transfer fluid.
1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane has a low acute inhalation toxicity with an LC50 of >244,000 ppm.
1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane is an extremely common refrigerant used in a wide range of refrigeration and air conditioning applications, including medium and high temperature refrigeration (both domestic and commercial), residential & light air conditioning, automotive air conditioning and industrial applications such as centrifugal chillers.
Common Applications
Domestic Refrigeration
Commercial Refrigeration
Commercial Refrigeration: Plug-ins & Vending Machines
Industrial Refrigeration
Transport Refrigeration
Mobile Air Conditioning
Industrial / Commercial Air Conditioning DX Chillers
Industrial / Commercial Centrifugal Compressors
Residential & Light Air Conditioning
1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane is also known as Tetrafluoroethane (CF3CH2F) from the family of HFC refrigerant.
With the discovery of the damaging effect of CFCs and HCFCs refrigerants to the ozone layer, the HFC family of refrigerant has been widely used as their replacement.
1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane is now being used as a replacement for R-12 CFC refrigerant in the area of centrifugal, rotary screw, scroll and reciprocating compresssors.
1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane is safe for normal handling as it is non-toxic, non-flammable and non-corrosive.
Currently 1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane is also being widely used in the air conditioning system in newer automotive vehicles.
The manufacturing industry use 1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane in plastic foam blowing. Pharmaceuticals industry use it as a propellant.
1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane exists in gas form when expose to the environment as the boiling temperature is -14.9°F or -26.1°C.
This refrigerant is not 100% compatible with the lubricants and mineral-based refrigerant currently used in R-12.
Design changes to the condenser and evaporator need to be done to use this refrigerant.
The use of smaller hoses and 30% increase in control pressure regulations also have to be done to the system.
When you suspect a leak of 1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane in your air conditioning system, detection can be done by using one of the following 5 methods.
The simplest method and cost effective is by the use of soap solution. Workshops may use more sophisticated equipments to do this.
Fluorescent Dyes
Soap Solution
Electronic Leak Detectors
Halogen selective detectors
Ultrasonic leak detectors
1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane is a HFC, used in automotive air conditioning and as a replacement for R12 and R22 in medium and high temperature refrigeration applications, such as commercial and domestic refrigeration and chillers.
1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane is an HFC refrigerant, which requires polyolester (POE) lubricant to be used in the compressor.
Product Features & Benefits
Substitute for R12, with comparable physical and thermodynamic properties
Refrigerant can be charged from either the liquid or vapour phase
A‑Gas refrigerant cylinders have dual port valves, making liquid offtake easier
Non-flammable with a safety classification of A1
Compressors must be charged with polyolester oils, contact the compressor manufacturer for more information
Reduction of capacity compared to R12
Existing R12 equipment can be retrofitted with 1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane
High critical temperature which ensures good coefficient of performance
IUPAC NAMES:
1,1,1,2 - Tertafluoroethane
1,1,1,2 - Tetrafluoroethane
1,1,1,2 - tetrafluoroethane
1,1,1,2 tetrafluroethane
1,1,1,2- Tetrafluoroethane
1,1,1,2- tetrafluoroethane
1,1,1,2-tetrafluorethane
1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroetan
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroetano
1,1,1,2-TETRAFLUOROETHANE
1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane
1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (in cylinder without valve) [To use this product charged in cylinder, a valve is required which is sold separately (Product Code:V0030)]
1,1,1,2-Tétrafluoroéthane
Ethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-
Forane® 134a
HFC-134a
HFC-134a (Norflurane)
HFC134a
norfluorane
norflurane
Norflurane
norflurane
Norflurane (1,1,1,2-TETRAFLUOROETHANE)
Norflurane (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane)
R-134a
Tetrafluoroethane
tetrafluoroethane
SYNONYMS:
AK134a
CF3CH2F
EcoloAce134a
ethane,1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-
Forane134a
Freon134a
HC134a
HCFC-134a
HFA-134a
Norfluran
norflurane(INN)
RefrigerantR134a
SUVA134a
1,1,1,2-TETRAFLUOROETHANE
HFC-134A
HALOCARBON 134A
FC-134A
TETRAFLUOROETHANE
QUICK FREEZE
R134A
norflurane
Tetrafluoroethane HFC-134a
HYDROFLUOROCARBON 134a
1,1,1,2-TETRAFLUOROETHANE, 99+%
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane(HFC-134a)99%
CFC134A
FLUOROCARBON134A
1,1,2,2 Tetrafluorethane
Chemtronics Freez-1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane 2000
Chemtronics Ultrajet 2000
Caterpillar Asahiklin 134A Refrigerant Gas
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (in cylinder without valve)
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (in cylinder without valve) [To use this product charged in cylinder, a valve is required which is sold separately (Product Code:V0030)]
DF-134a
Fron-134a
CH2FCF3
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroe
1H,1H-Perfluoroethane
R134A Refrigerant
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluorethan
1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane(hfc-134a)
1,2,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane
HFC-134a (1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane)
(in cylinder without valve) [To use this product charged in cylinder, a valve is required which is sold separately (Product Code:V0030)]
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane
Niacin norfloxacin
INDICATOR PAPER PH 5,2-6,8 200 STRIPS
Hot Sale Industrial Grade 11.3kg Packing Refrigerant Gas R422d For Sale
99.9% purity R134a refrigerant gas HFC134a
UISZL Refrigerant popular in middle east
Refrigerant Gas R134A / R404a / R407c / R410a / R600a / r507a refrigerant
Refrigerant Gas R134a 13.6kg for Refrigerator Compressor
1,1,1,2etrafluoroethane USP/EP/BP
GAS R 134
1,1,1,2-TETRAFLUOROETHANE
Norflurane
811-97-2
HFC-134a
1,2,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane
Tetrafluoroethane
Ethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-
HFC 134a
R 134
R-134a
UNII-DH9E53K1Y8
29759-38-4
DH9E53K1Y8
HFA-134-A
R134A
Refrigerant R134a
Khladon 134
Arcton 134a
Ethane, tetrafluoro-
HFA 134a
Fron 134a
Norflurano
Norfluranum
NorfluranNorfluranum [INN-Latin]
Norflurano [INN-Spanish]
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluorethan
HCFC 134a
HFA-134a
Norflurane [USAN:INN:BAN
FC 134a
TG 134a
CCRIS 7214
F 134a
HSDB 6756
EINECS 212-377-
UN3159
C2H2F4
QUICK FREEZE
HALOCARBON 134A
Norflurane (USAN/INN)
CF3CH2F
REFRIGERANT 134A
EC 2
1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethanefreon
1,1,1,2-tetrakis(fluoranyl)ethane
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane, >=99%
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a)DB-075746
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane 100 microg/mL in Methanol
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane or Refrigerant gas R 134a
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane or Refrigerant gas R 134a [UN3159] [Nonflammable liquid]
