1-AMINO ANTHRAQUINONE

1-Amino anthraquinone is an amino-substituted anthraquinone compound and an important intermediate in the manufacture of anthraquinone dyes, pigments, and functional aromatic derivatives.
The molecule combines the conjugated 9,10-anthraquinone carbonyl system with a primary amino group at the 1-position, providing both strong chromophoric character and a chemically useful site for further substitution, diazotization, acylation, halogenation, and condensation reactions.
1-Amino anthraquinone is particularly relevant to disperse dyes, vat dyes, acid dyes, reactive dyes, anthrapyrazole colorants, specialty pigments, analytical chemistry, and synthesis of more highly substituted aminoanthraquinone derivatives.

CHEMICAL IDENTITY AND COMMON NAMES

1-Amino anthraquinone is the 1-amino derivative of anthraquinone and is systematically described as 1-aminoanthracene-9,10-dione.
The amino group occupies an alpha position adjacent to one of the anthraquinone carbonyl groups.

The position of the amino group is technically important.
1-Amino anthraquinone should be distinguished from 2-aminoanthraquinone because the two positional isomers produce different substitution patterns, colour characteristics, reaction products, and downstream dye intermediates.

The designation alpha-aminoanthraquinone reflects the traditional nomenclature for substitution at the 1-position of the anthraquinone framework.
C.I. 37275, Diazo Fast Red AL, and Azoic Diazo No. 36 are established names associated with this chemical identity.

Synonyms and Common Names: 1-Aminoanthraquinone, 1-Amino anthraquinone, 1-Amino-9,10-anthraquinone, 1-Amino-9,10-anthracenedione, 1-Aminoanthracene-9,10-dione, Anthraquinone, 1-amino-, 9,10-Anthracenedione, 1-amino-, 9,10-Dioxo-9,10-dihydro-1-anthraceneamine, α-Aminoanthraquinone, alpha-Aminoanthraquinone, α-Anthraquinonylamine, alpha-Anthraquinonylamine, 1-Aminoanthrachinon, C.I. 37275, Diazo Fast Red AL, Fast Red AL, Azoic Diazo No. 36, Smoke Orange G, NSC 30415, NSC 458

TECHNICAL IDENTIFICATION

CAS Number: 82-45-1
EC / EINECS Number: 201-423-5
Molecular Formula: C14H9NO2
Molar Mass: 223.23 g/mol
IUPAC Name: 1-Aminoanthracene-9,10-dione
Chemical Class: Aminoanthraquinone
Functional Groups: Primary aromatic amine, conjugated quinone carbonyl groups
Colour Index Number: C.I. 37275
InChIKey: KHUFHLFHOQVFGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Appearance: Orange-red, red-brown, or dark brown crystalline solid or powder
Physical State: Solid
Molecular Formula: C14H9NO2
Molar Mass: 223.23 g/mol
Melting Point: Approximately 253–255 °C
Water Solubility: Very low
Volatility: Very low under normal ambient conditions
Chemical Class: Amino-substituted anthraquinone
Amine Functionality: Primary aromatic amino group
Carbonyl Functionality: Two conjugated quinone carbonyl groups
Chromophoric Structure: Extended anthraquinone π-conjugated system
Thermal Behaviour: High-melting aromatic solid
Polymerization: Hazardous polymerization does not normally occur
Incompatibilities: Strong oxidizing agents

The high melting point of 1-Amino anthraquinone reflects the rigid fused aromatic structure and strong intermolecular interactions of the anthraquinone system.
The material is consequently handled primarily as a solid rather than through low-temperature melt processing.

The limited water solubility of 1-Amino anthraquinone is important in both manufacture and downstream dye chemistry.
Organic solvents, concentrated acids, appropriate reaction media, or heterogeneous processing conditions are generally more relevant than simple aqueous dissolution of the neutral compound.

The amino group modifies the electronic properties of anthraquinone substantially.
Electron donation from nitrogen into the conjugated aromatic system shifts the absorption characteristics relative to unsubstituted anthraquinone and contributes to the intense colour of the compound.

The two quinone carbonyl groups retain the characteristic oxidation-reduction chemistry of the anthraquinone framework.
This combination of amino functionality and quinone conjugation provides a particularly useful starting structure for synthetic colorant chemistry.

FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS

1-Amino anthraquinone functions primarily as a reactive colorant intermediate rather than as a universal finished dye.
Its amino group provides a convenient chemical handle for constructing more complex anthraquinone structures with application-specific colour and performance.

Acylation of the amino group produces anthraquinone amides with altered polarity, intermolecular interactions, shade, and substrate compatibility.
This reaction family is important in the preparation of several specialty anthraquinone dyes.

Diazotization provides another important transformation.
The amino group can be converted into a diazonium functionality under suitable strongly acidic conditions and subsequently transformed into hydrazino, heterocyclic, or other substituted derivatives.

Halogenation of the anthraquinone nucleus can introduce additional reactive sites.
These halogenated intermediates can subsequently undergo substitution with amines, phenols, or other nucleophiles to generate more complex dye structures.

Sulfonation introduces strongly hydrophilic sulfonic acid groups into the aromatic framework.
This conversion is particularly useful when a water-compatible anthraquinone intermediate is required for acid, reactive, or other ionic dye chemistry.

The anthraquinone chromophore provides strong absorption in the visible region once appropriate electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents are installed.
Changing the number, identity, and positions of amino, hydroxy, sulfonic acid, halogen, alkoxy, and related groups allows colour properties to be adjusted over a broad range.

PRODUCTION AND COMMERCIAL FORM

A major production route to 1-Amino anthraquinone begins with anthraquinone.
Controlled nitration of anthraquinone produces 1-nitroanthraquinone as the principal required intermediate together with varying amounts of unreacted anthraquinone and positional or more highly nitrated by-products.

The nitro intermediate is subsequently reduced to convert the nitro group into the required primary amino group.
Reduction can be performed using established chemical reducing systems or catalytic hydrogenation technologies.

Direct nitration requires careful control because anthraquinone can also produce 2-nitroanthraquinone and several dinitroanthraquinone isomers.
The resulting impurity profile is important because reduction converts these compounds into corresponding amino and diamino derivatives.

Purification can therefore involve selective crystallization, solvent treatment, separation of residual anthraquinone, and control of nitro or diamino impurities.
High-quality 1-Amino anthraquinone for colour-sensitive synthesis benefits from a tightly controlled isomer and related-substance profile.

An older production route involves sulfonation of anthraquinone to an anthraquinone-1-sulfonic acid intermediate followed by replacement of the sulfonic acid functionality with an amino group.
Modern process selection generally places greater emphasis on efficient nitration and reduction technologies that avoid obsolete catalytic systems.

Commercial 1-Amino anthraquinone is typically supplied as red, reddish-brown, orange-red, or dark crystalline powder.
Assay, colour, melting range, residual anthraquinone, nitroanthraquinones, diaminoanthraquinones, moisture, and physical form can be important grade parameters.

APPLICATIONS AND INDUSTRIES

ANTHRAQUINONE DYE INTERMEDIATE

The principal industrial role of 1-Amino anthraquinone is as a starting material for anthraquinone dyes.
The parent structure already contains the central quinone chromophore and a primary amino group that can be modified through several established synthetic routes.

Anthraquinone dyes are valued for colour characteristics that can include bright blue, violet, red, orange, and related shades.
The precise colour is determined by the number and positions of amino, hydroxy, halogen, alkoxy, sulfonic acid, acylamino, and other substituents introduced around the anthraquinone nucleus.

1-Amino anthraquinone therefore provides an efficient entry point into numerous downstream structures.
Its value lies in retaining the stable anthraquinone skeleton while allowing substantial modification of electronic and application properties.

DISPERSE DYE MANUFACTURE

1-Amino anthraquinone is an important intermediate in anthraquinone-based disperse dye chemistry.
Disperse dyes are designed with limited water solubility and sufficient affinity for hydrophobic synthetic fibres.

Substitution of 1-Amino anthraquinone with additional amino, hydroxy, alkoxy, halogen, or other groups can produce derivatives with the required shade and fibre affinity.
The resulting compounds can be milled or formulated into fine dispersions for textile dyeing.

Anthraquinone disperse dyes are especially associated with polyester and acetate-related synthetic-fibre applications.
Their molecular design can provide bright shades and useful thermal or sublimation behaviour when the derivative is matched correctly to the dyeing process.

1-Amino anthraquinone itself serves primarily as the upstream intermediate.
Final disperse-dye performance is created through subsequent substitution and formulation rather than through use of the unchanged parent compound as a general textile dye.

VAT DYE CHEMISTRY

1-Amino anthraquinone also provides a starting structure for selected vat-dye and related condensed anthraquinone chemistries.
Further substitution, condensation, ring formation, or coupling can produce larger polycyclic colorant structures with very low water solubility.

Vat dyes are applied through reversible reduction to a more soluble leuco form followed by oxidation on or within the fibre.
The quinone functionality present in anthraquinone-based structures is fundamentally compatible with this oxidation-reduction mechanism.

The rigid aromatic structures found in many vat colorants can provide high resistance to washing, chemicals, and environmental exposure.
1-Amino anthraquinone contributes to these value chains as a synthetic building block rather than as the final vat dye.

ACID DYE INTERMEDIATES

Sulfonation and further functionalization of 1-Amino anthraquinone provide routes to water-compatible anthraquinone dye intermediates.
Introduction of sulfonic acid groups increases ionic character and allows formation of water-soluble alkali-metal salts.

These sulfonated anthraquinone derivatives can be incorporated into acid-dye chemistry.
The combination of an anthraquinone chromophore with sulfonate functionality is especially useful where bright colour and aqueous dye application are required.

Protein fibres such as wool and silk and suitable polyamide fibres can be dyed with appropriately designed acid dyes.
The final substrate affinity and shade depend on the complete substituted anthraquinone structure.

REACTIVE DYE INTERMEDIATE CHEMISTRY

1-Amino anthraquinone derivatives can also be incorporated into reactive dye structures.
In these systems, the anthraquinone portion provides the chromophore while separately introduced reactive groups provide the ability to form covalent bonds with suitable textile substrates.

Sulfonic acid groups are commonly introduced to provide water solubility.
Additional reactive functionality can then be attached through amino or other substituent positions.

Reactive anthraquinone dyes are particularly important where bright blue and related shades are required.
The position and electronic influence of amino groups on the anthraquinone chromophore strongly affect colour development.

ANTHRAPYRAZOLE DYE MANUFACTURE

1-Amino anthraquinone is an established principal starting material for anthrapyrazole dye chemistry.
The amino group can be diazotized in strongly acidic media and transformed through reduction and ring-closing reactions into the anthrapyrazole framework.

This process converts the original amino-substituted anthraquinone into a fused nitrogen-containing heterocyclic colorant structure.
Subsequent substitution can further modify shade and performance.

Anthrapyrazole chemistry demonstrates the synthetic value of the 1-amino position beyond simple amide or sulfonamide formation.
The amino functionality can serve as the starting point for construction of an additional heterocyclic ring fused to the anthraquinone system.

AMINOANTHRAQUINONE DERIVATIVES

1-Amino anthraquinone is a precursor to more highly substituted aminoanthraquinones.
Halogenation followed by nucleophilic substitution can introduce additional amino groups or substituted amines onto the anthraquinone nucleus.

Diaminoanthraquinones and substituted aminoanthraquinones are important intermediates for blue, violet, red, and other anthraquinone dyes.
The location of each amino group strongly influences absorption wavelength and final shade.

Controlled impurity levels in the starting 1-Amino anthraquinone are particularly important for these reactions.
Positional impurities can produce differently substituted colour bodies that are difficult to remove after several synthetic stages.

ANTHRAQUINONE AMIDE DYES

The primary amino group of 1-Amino anthraquinone can react with aromatic acid chlorides and related acylating agents.
The resulting anthraquinone amides form an established class of dye intermediates and colorants.

Acylation modifies electron distribution, molecular size, polarity, hydrogen bonding, and solubility.
These changes can be used to tailor the colour and performance of the final compound.

Industrial preparation of aminoanthraquinone amides can require elevated temperature, efficient agitation, and a solvent capable of dissolving or suspending the aromatic reactants effectively.
The purity of the aminoanthraquinone starting material directly influences final dye purity and shade consistency.

PIGMENT INTERMEDIATE CHEMISTRY

1-Amino anthraquinone is used as a building block for selected organic pigments and pigment intermediates.
Further substitution and condensation can produce larger, less soluble aromatic molecules suitable for particulate colour applications.

Anthraquinone-derived pigments can provide strong colour, thermal resistance, chemical stability, and weathering performance when the final molecular structure is appropriately designed.
Automotive and industrial coating applications have historically used high-performance pigments derived from complex anthraquinone chemistry.

The parent 1-Amino anthraquinone should therefore be understood as an upstream synthesis intermediate.
Pigment performance arises after additional molecular modification, purification, crystal development, particle-size control, and surface treatment.

SPECIALTY COLORANT SYNTHESIS

1-Amino anthraquinone can serve as a starting material for specialty colorants requiring a rigid quinone chromophore and an amino-substitution site.
Acylation, alkylation, halogenation, sulfonation, diazotization, condensation, and heterocycle formation provide multiple routes for structural modification.

These transformations allow solubility, polarity, shade, fluorescence response, thermal behaviour, and compatibility with different matrices to be adjusted.
The specific reaction sequence depends on the targeted colorant rather than on one universal derivatization route.

SMOKE COLORANT CHEMISTRY

1-Amino anthraquinone has also been identified historically under the name Smoke Orange G.
Its strong colour and ability to sublime under suitable high-temperature conditions have made the compound relevant to specialised coloured-smoke compositions.

This application requires carefully controlled formulation and is technically distinct from dye-intermediate manufacture.
Particle properties, purity, sublimation behaviour, thermal response, and compatibility with the complete composition become important performance parameters.

ANALYTICAL REFERENCE MATERIAL

High-purity 1-Amino anthraquinone is used as an analytical reference substance in chemical research, chromatographic method development, environmental analysis, and dye-industry quality control.
Its defined molecular structure supports identification using chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques.

Gas chromatography can be used under suitable analytical conditions because the compound can be volatilized at elevated injector and column temperatures.
Mass spectrometry provides a characteristic molecular and fragmentation pattern for identity confirmation.

High-performance liquid chromatography is especially useful for purity analysis and separation from related anthraquinone compounds.
HPLC can distinguish residual anthraquinone, nitroanthraquinones, diaminoanthraquinones, and other aromatic impurities when an appropriate method is used.

UV-visible spectroscopy is useful because 1-Amino anthraquinone possesses a strong conjugated chromophore.
Its absorption characteristics also provide direct information about electronic effects associated with amino substitution of the anthraquinone nucleus.

SPECTROSCOPIC RESEARCH

1-Amino anthraquinone is useful in research involving relationships between molecular structure and visible-light absorption.
The amino substituent interacts electronically with the anthraquinone carbonyl system and changes the energy of electronic transitions.

Comparison of 1-Amino anthraquinone with anthraquinone, 2-aminoanthraquinone, diaminoanthraquinones, hydroxyanthraquinones, and N-substituted derivatives helps clarify substitution effects on colour.
This makes the compound a useful model molecule for colorant and photophysical research.

Infrared spectroscopy clearly reflects both amino and carbonyl functionality.
Mass spectrometry, UV-visible spectroscopy, chromatographic retention behaviour, and other analytical properties provide additional structural characterization.

SUPERCRITICAL FLUID RESEARCH

1-Amino anthraquinone has been investigated in supercritical carbon dioxide because solubility of anthraquinone dyes and related compounds in supercritical fluids is relevant to separation, extraction, materials processing, and alternative dyeing technologies.
Its molecular structure provides a useful reference for examining how amino substitution changes solubility compared with nitro- or unsubstituted anthraquinones.

Pressure, temperature, carbon-dioxide density, and molecular interactions strongly affect behaviour in supercritical systems.
These studies are primarily relevant to research and specialised process development rather than conventional bulk dye-intermediate processing.

GRADE SELECTION AND PRODUCT SUITABILITY

Assay is one of the most important purchasing parameters for 1-Amino anthraquinone intended for dye and pigment synthesis.
Higher active content supports predictable reaction stoichiometry and reduces introduction of unrelated aromatic compounds into subsequent process stages.

Residual anthraquinone is an important process-related impurity when the product is manufactured through nitration and reduction.
Unreacted anthraquinone does not provide the amino functionality required for downstream acylation, diazotization, or substitution reactions.

Residual 1-nitroanthraquinone can indicate incomplete reduction.
Nitro impurities can affect colour, consume reagents differently from the required amine, and generate unwanted compounds in subsequent reactions.

2-Aminoanthraquinone is an especially important positional impurity consideration.
Although its molecular formula is identical to that of 1-Amino anthraquinone, its amino group is located at a different ring position and therefore produces different downstream colorants.

Diaminoanthraquinones can originate from reduction of dinitroanthraquinone by-products formed during nitration.
1,5-Diaminoanthraquinone and 1,8-diaminoanthraquinone are particularly relevant examples of related substances that may require analytical control in high-quality material.

Colour is an important practical quality parameter.
Because 1-Amino anthraquinone is itself strongly coloured, grade evaluation should focus on consistency of the expected red-orange to brown appearance rather than on colourlessness.

Melting range provides useful supporting information for identity and purity.
Material with a narrow melting range around 253–255 °C is consistent with well-defined crystalline 1-Amino anthraquinone.

Moisture can affect assay calculations, weighing accuracy, powder behaviour, and certain downstream reactions.
A controlled moisture specification is therefore useful for consistent production charging.

Particle size influences dust generation, filtration, dispersion, dissolution rate, and reaction contact.
Fine material provides increased surface area but requires greater attention to containment and industrial hygiene.

FORMULATION AND PROCESS CONSIDERATIONS

1-Amino anthraquinone has very low water solubility, so direct aqueous dissolution is unsuitable for many synthesis operations.
Processes frequently use organic solvents, strongly acidic media, alkaline derivative formation, or heterogeneous reaction conditions according to the desired transformation.

High reaction temperatures may be required because of the rigid aromatic structure and limited solubility of the compound.
Solvent boiling range, thermal stability, agitation, heat transfer, and subsequent product isolation should therefore be considered together.

Efficient mixing is particularly important in heterogeneous reduction, acylation, halogenation, and substitution processes.
Poor contact between solid 1-Amino anthraquinone and the liquid reaction phase can reduce conversion and increase reaction time.

Diazotization requires an acidic medium capable of protonating the aromatic amine and generating the required nitrosating species.
Temperature and reagent addition must be controlled because diazonium intermediates can undergo competing decomposition reactions.

Acylation reactions require effective contact with the selected acid chloride or other acylating reagent.
An appropriate high-boiling reaction medium can be useful when the starting materials require elevated temperature for adequate solubility.

Halogenation and sulfonation require materials of construction compatible with strongly reactive media.
Glass-lined or similarly corrosion-resistant processing equipment can be appropriate for highly acidic colorant-intermediate chemistry.

Purification often relies on filtration, crystallization, solvent washing, extraction, or controlled precipitation.
The optimal sequence depends on whether impurities have different solubility, acid-base behaviour, or substitution patterns from 1-Amino anthraquinone.

QUALITY, SPECIFICATIONS AND DOCUMENTATION

Important quality parameters for 1-Amino anthraquinone can include assay, appearance, melting range, moisture, residual anthraquinone, residual 1-nitroanthraquinone, 2-aminoanthraquinone, diaminoanthraquinones, and other related organic impurities.
The required limits depend on the sensitivity of the downstream dye or pigment synthesis.

High-performance liquid chromatography is particularly useful for assay and related-substance profiling.
HPLC can separate compounds that share similar colour and physical appearance but differ significantly in chemical functionality.

Melting-point analysis provides a complementary identity and purity test.
A defined melting range supports consistency of the crystalline chemical intermediate.

Spectrophotometric testing can be valuable where colour characteristics of the intermediate correlate with impurity profile or downstream performance.
Absorption behaviour may also be used during process development to monitor anthraquinone chromophores.

Moisture testing supports accurate active-content calculations.
This is especially useful when comparing lots from different drying operations or physical forms.

A Certificate of Analysis provides batch-specific analytical values for the agreed release specification.
A Technical Data Sheet provides relevant product characteristics and processing information, while the Safety Data Sheet provides hazard, handling, storage, exposure-control, transport, and emergency information.

SAFETY AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS

1-Amino anthraquinone should be handled as a chemically active aromatic powder with controls that minimize dust generation and direct worker exposure.
Dry charging, sampling, grinding, repacking, and transfer operations can produce airborne particles if appropriate containment is not used.

1-Amino anthraquinone can irritate the skin and eyes.
Protective gloves, protective clothing, safety eyewear, and good workplace hygiene are appropriate for routine industrial handling.

Airborne dust can irritate the respiratory tract.
Local exhaust ventilation and enclosed transfer are useful at operations capable of generating particulate material.

1-Amino anthraquinone is hazardous to aquatic organisms and environmental discharge should be prevented.
Spills and process residues should not be allowed to enter drains, surface water, or uncontrolled soil pathways.

Combustion or severe thermal decomposition can generate carbon oxides, nitrogen-containing decomposition products, and irritating smoke.
Fire response should therefore use protective equipment suitable for combustion of nitrogen-containing aromatic organic solids.

Strong oxidizing agents should be kept separated from 1-Amino anthraquinone.
Storage and processing areas should also minimize unnecessary exposure to excessive heat and incompatible reactive chemicals.

FIRST AID

Inhalation: Move the exposed person to fresh air and keep at rest.
Obtain medical attention if coughing, respiratory irritation, breathing discomfort, or other symptoms persist.

Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected skin thoroughly with soap and plenty of water.
Obtain medical attention if irritation, redness, or persistent discomfort develops.

Eye Contact: Immediately rinse cautiously with plenty of clean water for several minutes while holding the eyelids open.
Remove contact lenses when easy to do, continue rinsing, and obtain medical attention if irritation persists.

Ingestion: Rinse the mouth thoroughly and obtain medical advice following significant ingestion.
Do not induce vomiting unless directed by qualified medical personnel.

Note to Physicians: Treatment should be based on the route and degree of exposure and the observed clinical condition.

HANDLING AND STORAGE

Handling: Avoid generating 1-Amino anthraquinone dust and prevent unnecessary skin and eye contact.
Use controlled transfer, charging, sampling, and cleaning procedures during industrial processing.

Ventilation: Provide effective general ventilation and local exhaust ventilation where weighing, charging, milling, sampling, or transfer can create airborne particulate matter.

Storage: Store 1-Amino anthraquinone in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location.
Protect the material from moisture, contamination, excessive heat, and direct contact with incompatible chemicals.

Incompatibilities: Keep separated from strong oxidizing agents and other highly reactive substances capable of attacking aromatic amines or quinone structures.

Packaging: Use clean, dry, chemically compatible packaging that protects the material from contamination, moisture uptake, physical loss, and uncontrolled dust release.

PACKAGING AND PROCUREMENT CONSIDERATIONS

1-Amino anthraquinone is principally purchased according to downstream dye, pigment, intermediate, or analytical requirements.
The most appropriate specification therefore depends on the subsequent chemical transformation rather than on a single universal purity definition.

CAS Number 82-45-1 and EC Number 201-423-5 should be stated clearly in purchasing documentation.
This is particularly important for distinguishing 1-Amino anthraquinone from 2-aminoanthraquinone and other substituted anthraquinone intermediates.

Dye manufacturers should place particular emphasis on assay and positional-isomer control.
Even small quantities of a differently substituted aminoanthraquinone can generate unwanted colour bodies during subsequent derivatization.

Residual anthraquinone and 1-nitroanthraquinone are useful indicators of nitration and reduction efficiency.
Their limits can be selected according to downstream reaction sensitivity and purification capability.

Diaminoanthraquinone impurities are also relevant when the required reaction depends specifically on one amino group.
Additional amino functionality can alter reagent consumption, solubility, shade, and final molecular structure.

High-purity analytical and research applications require stronger emphasis on chromatographic characterization.
Defined assay, related-substance profile, analytical documentation, and small package sizes are generally more important than bulk-handling characteristics for these uses.

Physical form should be matched to plant equipment.
Fine powder can improve reaction contact but increases dust-control requirements, while coarser crystalline material can simplify solids handling at the expense of slower dissolution or reaction.

Packaging size should correspond to batch consumption, storage capacity, and charging method.
Appropriate inner liners and tightly closed outer packaging help preserve product cleanliness and minimize occupational exposure.

Procurement specifications can include assay, HPLC purity, appearance, melting range, moisture, anthraquinone content, 1-nitroanthraquinone, 2-aminoanthraquinone, selected diaminoanthraquinones, particle form, packaging, and required documentation.
Focusing the specification on the intended downstream colorant provides more useful process control than imposing unrelated generic limits.

Ataman Kimya can support enquiries for 1-Amino anthraquinone concerning grade selection, purity, related-substance requirements, dye and pigment applications, technical specifications, analytical documentation, packaging, and supply requirements.
For product and procurement information, contact Ataman Kimya at +90 216 577 10 10 or [info@atamankimya.com](mailto:info@atamankimya.com).