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3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine is often used in paste or wet cake form.
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine is used as a basis for many dyes.
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine is used in industry as a dye or as an intermediate in the manufacture of dyes and pigments and is also used in clinical laboratories for the detection of blood.
CAS Registry Number: 119-93-7
EC / EINECS Number: 204-358-0
IUPAC Name: 3,3′-Dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4,4′-diamine
Molecular Formula: C₁₄H₁₆N₂
Molecular Weight: 212.29–212.30 g/mol
SYNONYMS:
o-Tolidine, 3,3′-Tolidine, 3,3′-Dimethylbenzidine, 4,4′-Diamino-3,3′-dimethylbiphenyl, [1,1′-Biphenyl]-4,4′-diamine, 3,3′-Dimethyl-4,4′-diaminobiphenyl, Orthotolidine, Diaminoditolyl, Diaminotolyl, Bianisidine, C.I. 37230, Azoic Diazo Component 113, Dimethylbenzidine-3,3′, 3,3′-Dimethylbenzidine, 4,4′-Bianisidine, 3,3′-Dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4,4′-diamine, o-Tolidine, Orthotolidine, Diaminoditolyl, Diaminotolyl, Bianisidine, Tolidine blue, 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine, 4,4'-Bi-o-toluidine, o-Tolidine, 119-93-7, 3,3'-DIMETHYLBENZIDINE, Orthotolidine, Diaminoditolyl, 2-Tolidine, Bianisidine, Diaminotolyl, 4,4'-Bi-o-toluidine, 3,3'-Tolidine, Fast Dark Blue Base R, [1,1'-Biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine, 3,3'-dimethyl-, 3,3'-Dimethyl-4,4'-biphenyldiamine, 3,3'-Dimethyl-4,4'-diaminobiphenyl, 3,3'-Dimethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diamine, 2-Tolidina, 4,4'-Diamino-3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl, 2-Tolidin, 4,4'-Di-o-toluidine, RCRA waste number U095, 3,3-Dimethylbenzidine, o-Tolidin, Tolidine, o-, C.I. 37230, C.I. Azoic Diazo Component 113, CCRIS 256, 3,3'-Dimethyl-4,4'-diphenyldiamine, 4,4'-Diamino-3,3'-dimethyldiphenyl, CI Azoic diazo component 113, DTXSID5024059, 3,3'-dimethyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine, o,o'-Tolidine, 63HLO2IV6K, 3,3'-Dimethyl-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diamine, BRN 2210640, CI 37230, AI3-19499, (1,1'-Biphenyl)-4,4'-diamine, 3,3'-dimethyl-, DTXCID504059, 4-13-00-00419 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), 3,3'-Dimethyldiphenyl-4,4'-diamine, tolidine blue, 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidin, RefChem:167311, (1,1'-Biphenyl)-4,4'-diamine-3,3'-dimethyl-, 204-358-0, 4-(4-amino-3-methylphenyl)-2-methylaniline, Benzidine, 3,3'-dimethyl-, MFCD00014773, 4-(4-amino-3-methyl-phenyl)-2-methyl-aniline, 2-Tolidin [German], 2-Tolidina [Italian], CAS-119-93-7, HSDB 1640, 4-(4-amino-3-methylphenyl)-2-methylphenylamine, EINECS 204-358-0, RCRA waste no. U095, UNII-63HLO2IV6K, o-Tolidine, minimum, 4,4'-Bianisidine, O-TOLIDINE [MI], ORTHOTOLIDINE [HSDB], SCHEMBL49414, SCHEMBL49448, o-Tolidine, Powder, Reagent, YSWG200, MLS002302992, BIDD:ER0325, BIDD:GT0296, CHEMBL85109, o-Tolidine, >=97%, powder, o-Tolidine, analytical standard, SCHEMBL29365329, SCHEMBL29386552, CHEBI:34320, o-Tolidine, p.a., 98.0%, MSK1212, HMS3039P16, DIMETHYLBENZIDINE, 3,3'-, Tox21_201292, Tox21_300278, BBL027811, MSK1212-100M, SBB008947, STL387858, o-Tolidine (3,3'-dimethylbenzidine), AKOS004901441, MSK1212-1000M, FT62332, NCGC00090865-01, NCGC00090865-02, NCGC00090865-04, NCGC00090865-05, NCGC00253962-01, NCGC00258844-01, AS-17225, SMR001307308, biphenyl, 4,4'-diamino-3,3'-dimethyl-, DB-028240, NS00015707, ST45255326, T0253, T0255, T1913, EN300-94759, D95238, 119T937, Q413500, 3,3-Dimethylbenzidine 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile, 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine Solution in Methanol, 1000ug/mL, 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine Solution in Methanol, 100ug/mL, 4'-Amino-3,3'-dimethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-ylamine #, F1908-0142, 4,4'-Diamino-3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl, 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine, 3,3'-dimethyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'- Diamine (O-Tolidine), InChI=1/C14H16N2/c1-9-7-11(3-5-13(9)15)12-4-6-14(16)10(2)8-12/h3-8H,15-16H2,1-2H, 4,4'-Diamino-3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl, Diaminoditolyl, 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine, 3,3'-Dimethyl-4,4'-diphenyldiamine, 3,3'-Tolidine, 2-tolidine, 2-tolidine dihydrochloride, 2-tolidine dihydrofluoride, 2-tolidine hexahydrofluoride, 2-tolidine perchlorate, 2-tolidine perchlorate (1-), 2-tolidine tetrahydrofluoride
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine is an aromatic amine used mainly for dye production.
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine is an intermediate for the production of soluble azo dyes and insoluble pigments used particularly in the textile, leather and paper industries.
3,3'-dimethylbenzidine appears as white to reddish crystals or crystalline powder or a light tan powder.
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine is a member of biphenyls.
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine is a white to reddish colored, aromatic amine.
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine is a white to reddish crystals or powder.
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine darkens on exposure to air.
3,3’-Dimethylbenzidine is also known as o-Tolidine is a diacidic dye which is sparingly soluble in water and easily soluble in ether and alcohol.
On exposure to chlorine or bromine vapors, 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine forms an intense blue color.
3,3′-Dimethylbenzidine, commonly known as o-tolidine, is an aromatic diamine belonging to the benzidine family of compounds.
Structurally, 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine consists of a biphenyl core substituted with two amino groups at the 4,4′-positions and two methyl groups at the 3,3′-positions.
This substitution pattern significantly influences both 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine's chemical reactivity and its biological behavior compared with unsubstituted benzidine.
From a chemical reactivity perspective, 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine behaves as a typical aromatic amine, readily undergoing diazotization reactions under acidic conditions in the presence of nitrite.
This property historically made 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine highly valuable in the synthesis of azo dyes, where diazonium salts derived from o-tolidine are coupled with phenols or aromatic amines to produce intensely colored pigments.
The presence of methyl groups increases electron density on the aromatic rings, enhancing coupling efficiency and color strength in dye molecules.
In terms of environmental behavior, 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine is characterized by low volatility and moderate persistence.
Its very low vapor pressure means 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine does not readily evaporate into the atmosphere, but once released into soil or water, it may adsorb strongly to organic matter due to its aromatic structure.
This reduces 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine's mobility but increases its persistence in sediments.
Historically, 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine played a major role in the development of the synthetic dye industry during the 20th century.
Its ability to produce bright, stable azo dyes made 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine a preferred intermediate for textile, leather, and paper coloration.
From a regulatory and compliance standpoint, 3,3’-Dimethylbenzidine is now treated primarily as a controlled industrial chemical.
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine‘s manufacture, handling, and disposal are subject to occupational exposure limits, mandatory risk assessments, and strict waste management requirements.
In modern practice, 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine ‘s use is largely restricted to specialized laboratory or research applications, often under closed-system conditions designed to minimize human exposure.
Despite its hazards, 3,3’-Dimethylbenzidine remains scientifically important as a reference compound in toxicology, occupational health, and environmental chemistry.
USES and APPLICATIONS of 3,3'-DIMETHYLBENZIDINE:
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine is used as an intermediate for free chlorine in water.
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine is used as very sensitive reagent for gold.
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine is used as an intermediate for dyes manufacturing.
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine is often used in paste or wet cake form.
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine is used as a basis for many dyes.
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine is used in industry as a dye or as an intermediate in the manufacture of dyes and pigments and is also used in clinical laboratories for the detection of blood.
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine is used as an intermediate in the production of dyes and pigments.
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine is also used for the production of certain elastomers.
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine was widely used as a reagent or indicator in analytical, clinical and forensic chemistry, such as in the analytical determination of gold, or determination of the chlorine level in swimming pool water.
In analytical chemistry, 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine has been widely used as a chromogenic reagent.
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine undergoes oxidation reactions that yield strongly colored products, which is why it was historically employed in colorimetric tests for oxidizing agents such as chlorine, hypochlorite, and hydrogen peroxide.
This property made 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine useful in water analysis and diagnostic assays before safer alternatives became available.
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine's oxidation sensitivity, however, also contributes to its instability in air and light, where slow discoloration may occur.,
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine is frequently used in research studies aimed at understanding the carcinogenic mechanisms of aromatic amines, developing safer chemical alternatives, and improving analytical detection methods for hazardous substances.
PROPERTIES of 3,3'-DIMETHYLBENZIDINE:
Chemical Class: Aromatic amine; biphenyl derivative
Functional Groups: Two amine (-NH₂) groups and two methyl (-CH₃) substituents on biphenyl
Reactivity: 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine forms salts with strong acids; weak base; may undergo oxidation; sensitive to light and air exposure
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine (orthotolidine, o-tolidine; not to be confused with o-toluidine) is an organic compound with the chemical formula (C6H4(CH3)NH2)2.
Several isomers are known; the 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine derivative is also important commercially.
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine is a colorless compound although commercial samples are often colored.
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine is slightly soluble in water.
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine forms salts with acids, such as the hydrochloride, which is commercially available.
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine can be produced by benzidine rearrangement from a hydrazone derivative of 2-nitrotoluene.
(CH3C6H4)2N2H2 → (C6H3(CH3)NH2)2
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of 3,3'-DIMETHYLBENZIDINE:
Preferred Name: 3,3′-Dimethylbenzidine
Also Called: o-Tolidine, 2-Tolidine
IUPAC Name: 3,3′-Dimethyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4,4′-diamine
Molecular Formula: C₁₄H₁₆N₂
Molecular Weight: 212.29–212.30 g/mol
Appearance: White to reddish crystals or crystalline powder
EC / EINECS Number: 204-358-0
CAS Registry Number: 119-93-7
PubChem CID: 8413
ChemSpider ID: 8106
Physical State: Solid (crystalline)
Color/Appearance: White to reddish crystals or powder
Odor: Slight aromatic odor
Density: ~1.23 g/cm³
Melting Point: ~129–131 °C
Boiling Point: ~300–339 °C
Solubility in Water: Slightly soluble (~1.3 g/L at 25 °C)
Solubility in Organic Solvents: Soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, dilute acids
Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient (Log Kow): ~2.34–2.48
Vapor Pressure: Very low (≈2.1×10⁻⁵ mmHg at 25 °C)
Refractive Index: ~n²⁰_D ~1.638
InChIKey: NUIURNJTPRWVAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: Cc1cc(N)cc(-c2ccc(N)c(C)c2)c1
Chemical Class: Aromatic amine; biphenyl derivative
Functional Groups: Two amine (-NH₂) groups and two methyl (-CH₃) substituents on biphenyl
Reactivity: Forms salts with strong acids; weak base; may undergo oxidation; sensitive to light and air exposure
CAS #: 119-93-7
EC / EINECS: 204-358-0
Formula: C₁₄H₁₆N₂
Mol. Weight: 212.29 g/mol
Appearance: White to reddish crystals/powder
Melting Point: ~129–131 °C
Boiling Point: ~300–339 °C
Solubility: Slight in water
Uses: Dye intermediate; reagent
Synonyms: o-Tolidine, 3,3′-Tolidine
Physical State: Powder
Color: Light brown
Odor: No data available
Melting Point/Freezing Point: 128–131 °C
Flash Point: 100 °C - closed cup
Water Solubility: 1.3 g/L at 25 °C
Partition Coefficient: log Pow: 2.34
Oxidizing Properties: None
Solubility in Other Solvents: Alcohol - soluble
Chemical Formula: C14H16N2
Molar Mass: 212.296 g·mol−1
Appearance: White to reddish crystals or powder
Density: 1.23 g/cm3
Melting Point: 129 °C
Boiling Point: 300.5 °C
Solubility in Water: 1.3 g/L
Molecular Weight: 212.29 g/mol
XLogP3: 2.3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 1
Exact Mass: 212.131348519 Da
Monoisotopic Mass: 212.131348519 Da
Topological Polar Surface Area: 52 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 16
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 205
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
IUPAC Name: 4-(4-amino-3-methylphenyl)-2-methylaniline
Chemical Formula: C₁₄H₁₆N₂
CAS Number: 119-93-7
Chemical Name: 3,3-Dimethylbenzidine
EC Number: 204-358-0
Molecular Weight: 212.296 g/mol
Density: 1.1±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point: 361.0±37.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point: 128–131 °C
Molecular Formula: C14H16N2
Molecular Weight: 212.290
Flash Point: 205.1±26.0 °C
Exact Mass: 212.131348
PSA: 52.04000
LogP: 2.48
Vapour Pressure: 0.0±0.8 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction: 1.638
InChIKey: NUIURNJTPRWVAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: Cc1cc(-c2ccc(N)c(C)c2)ccc1N
Water Solubility: 2% HCl: 10 mg/mL, clear
FIRST AID MEASURES of 3,3'-DIMETHYLBENZIDINE:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available
ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of 3,3'-DIMETHYLBENZIDINE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.
FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of 3,3'-DIMETHYLBENZIDINE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.
EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of 3,3'-DIMETHYLBENZIDINE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.
HANDLING and STORAGE of 3,3'-DIMETHYLBENZIDINE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
STABILITY and REACTIVITY of 3,3'-DIMETHYLBENZIDINE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
