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Aluminum nitrate appears as a white or colorless crystalline solid (nonahydrate – rhombic crystal); deliquescent; refractive index 1.54; melts at 73.5°C; decomposes at 150°C; highly soluble in cold water (63.7% at 25°C), decomposes in hot water, soluble in polar organic solvents.
Aluminum nitrate has an oxidizing effect on other substances. Though noncombustible, aluminum nitrate can be used to speed the burn of other combustible materials.
Aluminum nitrate is an inorganic salt composed of aluminum and nitrate ions, commonly used in chemical synthesis, laboratory applications, and industrial processes.
CAS Number: 13473-90-0
Molecular Formula: AlN3O9
Molecular Weight: 213
EINECS Number: 236-751-8
Synonyms: Aluminium nitrate, Aluminum trinitrate, Nitric acid aluminum salt, Aluminum(III) nitrate (1:3), Nitric acid alumium salt, Nitric acid aluminum salt (3:1), ALUMINUM(III) NITRATE, Nitrato de aluminio, Nitric acid aluminum(3+) salt, Aluminum(111) nitrate (1:3), ALUMINUM NITRATE (AL(NO3)3), Aluminium Nitricum, nitric acid aluminium salt, ALUMINIUM(3+) ION TRINITRATE, Aluminum nitrate, aluminum trinitrate, Aluminium trinitrate, Nitric Acid Aluminum Salt, aluminum nitrate hydrous, aluminum trinitrate hydrate, aluminum(3+) nitrate hydrate, ALUMINUM NITRATE ANHYDROUS, Aluminum nitrate powder, Aluminum nitrate UN1438, ALUMINUM NITRATE;ALUMINIUM NITRATE;ALUMINIUM ICP STANDARD, AL(NO3)3;AL(NO3)3;Nitric acid, aluminum salt (3:1);ALUMINUM NITRATE SOLUTION;Aluminum(III) nitrate (1:3);Trisnitric acid aluminum salt
Aluminum nitrates chemical formula is Al(NO₃)₃, often encountered as the hydrated form Al(NO₃)₃·9H₂O.
Aluminum nitrate is a strong oxidizing compound.
Chemically, aluminium nitrate consists of Al³⁺ cations and nitrate (NO₃⁻) anions.
The nitrate groups give it oxidizing properties.
Aluminum nitrate readily dissociates in water into ions.
Physically, aluminium nitrate typically appears as a white crystalline solid.
Aluminum nitrate is highly soluble in water and alcohol.
The hydrated form is hygroscopic and readily absorbs moisture.
Aluminium nitrate exhibits strong oxidizing behavior.
Aluminum nitrate can accelerate combustion of other materials.
This requires careful handling and storage.
The compound is chemically reactive, especially with reducing agents and organic materials.
Aluminium nitrate can participate in nitration reactions.
This makes it useful in chemical synthesis.
Aluminium nitrate is stable under normal conditions, but decomposes upon heating.
Thermal decomposition produces nitrogen oxides and oxygen.
These gases can be hazardous.
In aqueous solution, aluminium nitrate is acidic due to hydrolysis of aluminum ions.
Aluminium nitrate can lower pH in solutions.
This property is useful in certain applications.
Aluminium nitrate is used in laboratory and industrial processes as a reagent and precursor.
Aluminium nitrate is also used in textile and leather processing.
Its oxidizing and acidic properties are key to its function.
Aluminium nitrate is best described as a water-soluble, oxidizing inorganic salt used in chemical synthesis, laboratory work, and industrial processing.
Aluminium nitrate is a white, water-soluble salt of aluminium and nitric acid, most commonly existing as the crystalline hydrate, aluminium nitrate nonahydrate, Al(NO3)3·9H2O.
Aluminium nitrate cannot be synthesized by the reaction of aluminium with concentrated nitric acid, as the aluminium forms a passivation layer.
Aluminium nitrate may instead be prepared by the reaction of nitric acid with aluminium chloride.
Aluminium nitrate is produced as a by-product; it bubbles out of the solution as a gas.
More conveniently, the salt can be made by reacting nitric acid with aluminium hydroxide.
Al(OH)3 + 3HNO3 → Al(NO3)3 + 3H2O
Aluminium nitrate may also be prepared a metathesis reaction between aluminium sulfate and a nitrate salt with a suitable cation such as barium, strontium, calcium, silver, or lead. e.g.: Al2(SO4)3 + 3 Ba(NO3)2 → 2 Al(NO3)3 + 3 BaSO4.
Melting point: 73 °C
Boiling point: 135 °C [at 101,325 Pa]
Density: 1.4 g/cm³ (at 27 °C)
Vapor pressure: 0.01 Pa at 25 °C
Solubility: very soluble in ethanol; slightly soluble in acetone
Form: solid
Color: white hygroscopic solid
Water solubility: 42.99 g/L at 25 °C
InChI: InChI=1S/Al.3NO3/c;32-1(3)4/q+3;3-1
InChIKey: JLDSOYXADOWAKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: N+
([O-])=O.N+
([O-])=O.N+
([O-])=O.[Al+3]
LogP: 1.26 at 20 °C
Aluminium nitrate, is a white, crystalline material that is soluble in cold water.
Aluminium nitrate is a powerful oxidizing agent that decomposes at approximately 300°F.
Aluminium nitrate should not be stored near combustible materials.
The four-digit UN identification number is 1438.
The primary uses are in textiles, leather tanning, as an anticorrosion agent, and as an antiperspirant.
Aluminium nitrate is most commonly encountered as the nonahydrate form (Al(NO₃)₃·9H₂O).
This hydrated form is highly hygroscopic and readily absorbs moisture from air.
Aluminium nitrate can appear as crystals or a deliquescent solid.
In aqueous solution, aluminium nitrate undergoes hydrolysis, producing acidic conditions.
The aluminum ion interacts with water to release protons.
This results in a decrease in pH.
The compound exhibits strong oxidizing properties due to nitrate ions.
Aluminium nitrate can promote or accelerate oxidation reactions.
This makes it reactive with combustible and organic materials.
Aluminium nitrate can participate in nitration reactions in organic chemistry.
It provides nitrate groups under certain conditions.
This is useful in synthesis of specialized compounds.
The compound decomposes upon heating to produce aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), and oxygen.
These decomposition products can be hazardous.
Proper temperature control is important.
Aluminium nitrate shows high solubility in polar solvents, especially water.
This allows it to be used in solution-based processes.
It forms clear, acidic solutions.
Because of its ionic nature, aluminium nitrate exhibits strong electrolyte behavior in solution.
It dissociates completely into ions.
This supports its use in chemical reactions and analytical work.
The compound is often used where controlled release of nitrate ions or aluminum ions is required.
Its performance depends on concentration and environmental conditions.
This makes it versatile in laboratory and industrial chemistry.
Aluminium nitrate is a highly soluble, oxidizing inorganic salt with acidic behavior and strong reactivity, widely used in chemical synthesis, analysis, and industrial processes.
Aluminium nitrate is classified as a strong oxidizing inorganic compound, which significantly influences its handling and applications.
Aluminium nitrate can intensify the combustion of other materials.
This property requires strict control in storage and use.
The compound has a high ionic character, meaning it exists as free ions in solution.
This allows it to interact readily with other chemical species.
Such behavior is important in precipitation and coordination reactions.
Aluminium nitrate can form complexes with ligands, particularly through the aluminum ion.
These complexes are useful in coordination chemistry.
They can influence reactivity and solubility.
Because of its nitrate content, aluminium nitrate can contribute to nitrogen-based chemical processes.
It may act as a nitrate source in synthesis.
This is useful in specialized chemical reactions.
The compound is often used in systems requiring controlled acidity and oxidation simultaneously.
Its dual functionality makes it versatile.
It can act as both an acidifying and oxidizing agent.
Aluminium nitrate solutions can interact with metal surfaces and organic materials.
These interactions may lead to corrosion or oxidation.
Material compatibility must be considered.
The hydrated form can undergo dehydration upon heating, followed by decomposition.
This process releases gases and leaves aluminum oxide residue.
It is important in thermal processes.
Because of its reactivity, aluminium nitrate is often handled in dilute solutions or controlled environments.
This reduces risk and improves process control.
Aluminium nitrate is a reactive, oxidizing, and highly soluble inorganic salt with strong ionic behavior, making it valuable in chemical synthesis, coordination chemistry, and industrial applications.
Uses Of Aluminium nitrate:
The nonahydrate and other hydrated aluminum nitrates have many applications.
These salts are used to produce alumina for preparation of insulating papers, in cathode tube heating elements, and on transformer core laminates.
The hydrated salts are also used for extraction of actinide elements.
Aluminium nitrate is a strong oxidizing agent.
Aluminium nitrate is used in tanning leather, antiperspirants, corrosion inhibitors, extraction of uranium, petroleum refining, and as a nitrating agent.
The nonahydrate and other hydrated aluminium nitrates have many applications.
These salts are used to produce alumina for preparation of insulating papers, in cathode ray tube heating elements, and on transformer core laminates.
The hydrated salts are also used for the extraction of actinide elements.
Aluminium nitrate is used in the laboratory and classroom such as in the reaction: Al(NO3)3 + 3 NaOH → Al(OH)3 + 3 NaNO3
It is, however, much less often encountered than aluminium chloride and aluminium sulfate.
Aluminium nitrate is widely used as a reagent in laboratory and chemical synthesis.
Aluminium nitrate provides a source of aluminum and nitrate ions.
This supports various analytical and synthetic reactions.
In nitration and oxidation processes, aluminium nitrate acts as an oxidizing agent.
It can facilitate chemical transformations involving nitrate groups.
This is useful in specialized organic synthesis.
Aluminium nitrate is used in textile and dyeing industries as a mordant.
Aluminium nitrate helps fix dyes onto fabrics.
This improves color stability and durability.
In leather processing, it is used in tanning and treatment steps.
It helps modify material properties.
This supports leather finishing processes.
Aluminium nitrate is applied in the preparation of catalysts and catalyst supports.
It serves as a precursor for aluminum oxide and related materials.
These are important in industrial catalysis.
In water treatment and environmental applications, aluminium nitrate can be used as a coagulant.
It helps remove impurities and suspended particles.
This improves water clarity.
It is used in the production of ceramics and advanced materials.
Upon heating, it decomposes to form aluminum oxide.
This supports material synthesis.
Aluminium nitrate is applied in analytical chemistry for detection and reaction processes.
Aluminium nitrate participates in precipitation and complexation reactions.
This aids in chemical analysis.
In corrosion and surface treatment processes, it may be used to modify or clean surfaces.
It interacts with metals and coatings.
Aluminium nitrate is used wherever oxidizing properties, nitrate ion supply, and aluminum-based reactions are required in laboratory, industrial, and environmental applications.
Aluminium nitrate is used in the preparation of alumina (Al₂O₃) coatings and thin films.
Upon thermal decomposition, it forms aluminum oxide layers.
These are important in electronics and protective coatings.
In catalyst manufacturing, aluminium nitrate is used to prepare supported catalysts.
Aluminium nitrate helps deposit active metal species on alumina surfaces.
This is important in petrochemical and chemical industries.
Aluminium nitrate is applied in ceramic processing and advanced materials synthesis.
It acts as a precursor for high-purity alumina powders.
This supports production of refractory and structural materials.
In laboratory-scale precipitation reactions, it is used to generate aluminum hydroxide and related compounds.
These reactions are important for research and teaching.
They demonstrate inorganic chemistry principles.
It is used in fuel and propellant research as an oxidizing component in experimental formulations.
Its nitrate groups contribute to oxidation processes.
Such uses are highly controlled.
Aluminium nitrate is applied in surface modification and etching processes.
It can interact with metals and oxides to alter surface properties.
This is useful in specialized industrial treatments.
In analytical chemistry, it is used to prepare reagents and calibration solutions.
It helps in studying ionic interactions and reactions.
This supports experimental accuracy.
Aluminium nitrate is also used in educational laboratories to demonstrate hydrolysis, oxidation, and decomposition reactions.
It is a common teaching reagent.
Aluminium nitrate is used wherever precursor chemistry, oxidation processes, alumina production, and analytical applications are required across research, industry, and education.
Safety Profile Of Aluminium nitrate:
Aluminium nitrate presents significant chemical hazards, mainly due to its strong oxidizing properties and acidity in solution.
It can intensify fires and react with combustible materials.
Careful handling and storage are essential.
Skin contact may cause irritation or burns, especially with concentrated solutions.
Symptoms can include redness, pain, or dryness.
Protective gloves should be worn during handling.
Eye contact can cause severe irritation or damage.
Exposure may result in redness, tearing, and possible injury.
Immediate rinsing with plenty of water is required.
Inhalation of dust or aerosols may cause respiratory irritation.
Symptoms can include coughing, throat irritation, or difficulty breathing.
Proper ventilation and respiratory protection are recommended.
Ingestion is harmful and may cause gastrointestinal irritation.
Aluminium nitrate can also lead to systemic toxicity due to nitrate exposure.
Medical attention is required if swallowed.
Aluminium nitrate is a strong oxidizer and may cause or intensify fire when in contact with organic or combustible materials.
It is not itself highly flammable but greatly increases fire risk.
Aluminium nitrate must be kept away from fuels and reducing agents.
Thermal decomposition produces toxic gases, including nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) and oxygen.
