PRODUCTS

BENZENEMETHANOL

Benzenemethanol is used in the manufacture of other benzyl compounds, as a pharmaceutic aid, and in perfumery and flavoring.
Benzenemethanol is used as a general solvent for inks, waxes, shellacs, paints, lacquers, and epoxy resin coatings.
Benzenemethanol can be used as a local anesthetic, especially with epinephrine.

EC Number: 202-859-9
CAS Number: 100-51-6
Molecular Formula: C₇H₈O
Linear Formula: C6H5CH2OH
Molecular Weight: 108.14 g/mol

SYNONYMS:
Benzenemethanol, Phenylmethanol, Benzylol, Benzoyl alcohol, Hydroxytoluene, Phenylcarbinol, α-Hydroxytoluene, Benzylhydrine, benzyl alcohol, phenylmethanol, benzenemethanol, 100-51-6, phenylcarbinol, benzylalcohol, Benzoyl alcohol, Benzenecarbinol, alpha-Toluenol, Phenylmethyl alcohol, Hydroxytoluene, (Hydroxymethyl)benzene, Phenolcarbinol, Alcool benzylique, Benzal alcohol, Methanol, phenyl-, alpha-hydroxytoluene, benzylic alcohol, Benzylicum, Phenylcarbinolum, Euxyl K 100, 66072-40-0, hydroxymethylbenzene, Bentalol, Ulesfia, Phenyl Methanol, Phenyl-Methanol, BENZYL-ALCOHOL, Alcohol bencilico, Caswell No. 081F, alcoholum benzylicum, Benzyl alcohol (natural), FEMA No. 2137, Benzylalkohol, NCI-C06111, Alcool benzilico, Aromatic alcohol, Alcohol, Benzyl, .alpha.-Toluenol, Alcool benzilico [DCIT], Itch-X, NSC 8044, HSDB 46, benzenmethanol, .alpha.-Hydroxytoluene, Benzalalcohol, Benzalcohol, CCRIS 2081, Aromatic primary alcohol, Alcoolbenzylique, Alcohol,benzyl, Alcool benzylique [INN-French], Benzyl alkohol, Alcohol bencilico [INN-Spanish], Methanol benzene, Alcoholum benzylicum [INN-Latin], UNII-LKG8494WBH, Alcohol benzylicus, NSC-8044, EINECS 202-859-9, BnOH, LKG8494WBH, MFCD00004599, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 009502, BRN 0878307, Sunmorl BK 20, DTXSID5020152, CHEBI:17987, INS NO.1519, AI3-01680, INS-1519, Hydroxymethyl resin (100-200 mesh), TOLUENE,ALPHA-HYDROXY, DTXCID70152, Benzyl alcohol (Benzenemethanol), E-1519, EC 202-859-9, 4-06-00-02222 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), 185532-71-2, NCGC00091865-01, BENZYL ALCOHOL (II), BENZYL ALCOHOL [II], MBN, 4-Hydroxymethylated polystyrene, BENZYL ALCOHOL (MART.), BENZYL ALCOHOL [MART.], Alcool benzylique (INN-French), BENZYL ALCOHOL (USP-RS), BENZYL ALCOHOL [USP-RS], benzyl alcohol (ring-13c6), Alcohol bencilico (INN-Spanish), Alcoholum benzylicum (INN-Latin), BENZYL ALCOHOL (EP MONOGRAPH), BENZYL ALCOHOL [EP MONOGRAPH], phenylmethan-1-ol, CAS-100-51-6, Ulesfia (TN), Benzyl alcohol [USAN:INN:JAN], enzylalcohol, Protocoxil, phenyl carbinol, benzene-methanol, Benzyl Alcohole, a-Hydroxytoluene, a-Toluenol, Alcohol benzilico, Benzyl alcohol [INN:JAN:NF], Hydroxymethyl resin (200-400 mesh), PhCH2OH, Bn-OH, Benzyl alcohol (Standard), SCHEMBL147, Benzyl alcohol, ACS grade, bmse000407, C6H5CH2OH, CHEMBL720, WLN: Q1R, BENZYL ALCOHOL [MI], Benzyl alcohol (JP15/NF), BENZYL ALCOHOL [FCC], BENZYL ALCOHOL [INN], BENZYL ALCOHOL [JAN], BENZYL ALCOHOL [FHFI], BENZYL ALCOHOL [HSDB], BIDD:ER0248, ALCOHOL,BENZYL [VANDF], BENZYL ALCOHOL [VANDF], ZilactinEarly Relief Cold Sore, TB 13G, Benzyl alcohol, LR, >=99%, BENZYL ALCOHOL [WHO-DD], BENZYL ALCOHOL [WHO-IP], BDBM16418, HY-B0892R, NSC8044, Benzyl alcohol (JP18/NF/INN), HMS3264B16, HMS3885F10, Pharmakon1600-01502555, Benzyl alcohol, analytical standard, Benzyl alcohol, AR, >=99.5%, HY-B0892, Benzyl alcohol, anhydrous, 99.8%, Tox21_111172, Tox21_202447, Tox21_300044, BBL011938, BENZYL ALCOHOL [ORANGE BOOK], NSC760098, s4600, STL163453, Benzyl alcohol, >=99%, FCC, FG, AKOS000119907, Benzyl alcohol, natural, >=98%, FG, CCG-213843, DB06770, NSC-760098, USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 009502, NCGC00091865-02, NCGC00091865-03, NCGC00091865-04, NCGC00254154-01, NCGC00259996-01, ALCOHOL BENZYLICUS [WHO-IP LATIN], Benzyl alcohol, ACS reagent, >=99.0%, Benzyl alcohol, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%, Benzyl alcohol, USP, 98.0-100.5%, DA-61590, B2378, Benzyl alcohol, tested according to Ph.Eur., Benzylalcohol 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile, E1519, NS00009775, Benzyl alcohol, p.a., ACS reagent, 99.0%, Benzyl alcohol, SAJ first grade, >=98.5%, EN300-20016, Benzyl alcohol, SAJ special grade, >=99.0%, Benzyl alcohol, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%, C00556, C03485, D00077, D70182, Q52353, SBI-0653497.0001, AB01563201_01, A800221, SR-01000872610, J-000153, SR-01000872610-3, BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE IMPURITY A [EP IMPURITY], BRD-K98494274-001-03-6, BRD-K98494274-001-05-1, F0001-0019, Z104476418, Phenylmethanol, Phenylcarbinol, Benzenemethanol, BnOH, Phenylmethanol, (Hydroxymethyl)benzene, Benzyl alcohol, α-Cresol, α-Toluenol, α-Hydroxytoluene, alpha-Hydroxyphenylmethane, Phenylcarbinol, Benzenemethanol, Benzyl hydroxide, Benzylic acid, .alpha.-hydroxytoluene, .alpha.-toluenol, (hydroxymethyl)benzene, a-Hydroxytoluene, a-Toluenol, alcoholum benzylicum, Alcool benzylique, alpha-hydroxytoluene, Alpha-toluenol, Aromatic primary alcohol, Bentalol, Benzal alcohol, Benzenecarbinol, Benzenemethanol, benzenmethanol, Benzoyl alcohol, Benzyl alcohol, Benzyl alkohol, Benzyl-alcohol, BenzylAlcohol, Benzylalkohol, Benzylic alcohol, Benzylicum, Enzylalcohol, hydroxymethylbenzene, Hydroxytoluene, MBN, Methanol benzene, Methanol, phenyl-, Phenolcarbinol, Phenylcarbinol, Phenylcarbinolum, phenylmethanol, Phenylmethyl alcohol, Aromatic alcohol, Ulesfia, Α-hydroxytoluene, Α-toluenol, Alcohol, benzyl, Caswell no. 081F, Euxyl K 100, Itch-X, Sunmorl BK 20, TB 13g, Benzylalkohol, Benzenemethanol, Phenylmethanol

Benzenemethanol appears as a clear colorless liquid with a pleasant odor.
Benzenemethanol is slightly denser than water.
Flash point of Benzenemethanol is 194 °F.

Boiling point of Benzenemethanol is 401 °F.
Benzenemethanol is used to make other chemicals.
Benzenemethanol is an aromatic alcohol that consists of benzene bearing a single hydroxymethyl substituent.

Benzenemethanol has a role as a solvent, a metabolite, an antioxidant and a fragrance.
Benzenemethanol is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli.
Benzenemethanol is a Pediculicide.

Benzenemethanol has been reported in Camellia sinensis, Nymphaea rudgeana, and other organisms with data available.
Benzenemethanol is a small molecule drug with a maximum clinical trial phase of IV (across all indications) that was first approved in 2009 and has 3 approved indications.

Benzenemethanol is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Benzenemethanol is a colorless liquid with a sharp burning taste and slight odor.
Benzenemethanol (also known as α-cresol) is an aromatic alcohol with the formula C6H5CH2OH.

The benzyl group is often abbreviated "Bn" (not to be confused with "Bz" which is used for benzoyl), thus Benzenemethanol is denoted as BnOH.
Benzenemethanol is a colorless liquid with a mild pleasant aromatic odor.
Benzenemethanol is useful as a solvent for its polarity, low toxicity, and low vapor pressure.

Benzenemethanol has moderate solubility in water (4 g/100 mL) and is miscible in alcohols and diethyl ether.
The anion produced by deprotonation of the alcohol group is known as benzylate or benzyloxide.
Benzenemethanol is an aromatic alcohol, a colorless liquid with a mild aromatic odor.

Benzenemethanol is an inhibitor of P450 enzyme.
Benzenemethanol, also known as alpha-toluenol or aromatic alcohol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzyl alcohols.
These are organic compounds containing the phenylmethanol substructure.

Benzenemethanol exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to plants to humans.
Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on Benzenemethanol.

Benzenemethanol belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzyl alcohols.
These are organic compounds containing the phenylmethanol substructure.

USES and APPLICATIONS of BENZENEMETHANOL:
Solvent: Benzenemethanol is commonly used in paints, inks, and epoxy resin coatings.
Preservative: Benzenemethanol is used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products.
Intermediate: Benzenemethanol is a precursor for various chemicals and esters.

Flavor and Fragrance Additive: Benzenemethanol adds mild floral and almond-like notes.
Food Industry uses of Benzenemethanol: Approved for use as a flavoring agent in food and beverages.
Fragrance and Perfumery uses of Benzenemethanol: Adds mild floral and almond-like notes to perfumes and essential oils.

Laboratory Use of Benzenemethanol: Solvent for analytical chemistry and organic synthesis.
Benzenemethanol is used as a local anesthetic and to reduce pain associated with LIDOCAINE injection.
Also, Benzenemethanol is used in the manufacture of other benzyl compounds, as a pharmaceutic aid, and in perfumery and flavoring.

Benzenemethanol is used as a general solvent for inks, waxes, shellacs, paints, lacquers, and epoxy resin coatings.
Thus Benzenemethanol can be used in paint strippers, especially when combined with compatible viscosity enhancers to encourage the mixture to cling to painted surfaces.

Benzenemethanol can be used as a local anesthetic, especially with epinephrine.
As a dye solvent, Benzenemethanol enhances the process of dying wool, nylon, and leather.
Benzenemethanol is used effectively for treating lice infestations as the active ingredient in lotion shampoo with 5% benzyl alcohol.

Benzenemethanol is an ingredient used in the manufacture of soaps, topical creams, skin lotions, shampoos, and facial cleansers and is popular due to its anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties.
Benzenemethanol is a common ingredient in a variety of household products.

Benzenemethanol is a precursor to a variety of esters and ethers, used in the soap, perfume, and flavor industries; E.g. benzyl benzoate, benzyl salicylate, benzyl cinnamate, dibenzyl ether, benzyl butyl phthalate.
Benzenemethanol is widely used as a solvent in specialist applications because of its advantages of low volatility and low toxicity.

Benzenemethanol has a good performance in dissolving hydrophobic amines in water- based systems and also acts as a viscosity-reducing agent in some coating systems.
Benzenemethanol is used in the pharmaceutical industry as a preservative, in emulsions and ointments and in insect-bite lotions.

Benzenemethanol is also used as a raw material in the manufacture of various esters, which are used in the soap, perfume and flavor industries and as an intermediate in the synthesis of polypeptides.

Benzenemethanol is generally used as a reagent in organic chemistry, although in some other industries it finds common use as a solvent.
Common Uses of Benzenemethanol: Nucleophilic reagent for SNAr reactions

-Industrial Applications of Benzenemethanol:
*Epoxy Resin Hardener:
Benzenemethanol acts as a reactive diluent to adjust viscosity.

*Paint Stripper:
Benzenemethanol removes coatings without damaging underlying materials.

-Cosmetics and Personal Care:
Benzenemethanol is Preservative in skincare and haircare products.
Benzenemethanol enhances the stability of emulsions and prevents microbial growth.

-Pharmaceutical Industry uses of Benzenemethanol:
Benzenemethanol is used as a preservative in intravenous (IV) solutions and injectable drugs.
Benzenemethanol is sued solvent for active ingredients in topical, oral, and parenteral medications.

-Use of Benzenemethanol in health care:
Benzenemethanol is used as a bacteriostatic preservative at low concentration in intravenous medications, cosmetics, and topical drugs.
Some caution is necessary if a high percent of Benzenemethanol is used as benzaldehyde arises from benzyl alcohol when used as preservative in an injectable formulation solution.

Benzenemethanol, sold under the brand name Ulesfia, was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2009, as a 5% solution for the treatment of head lice in people 6 months of age and older.
Benzenemethanol affects the louse's spiracles, preventing them from closing.
These then become clogged with water or mineral oil or other matter and cause the insect to die from asphyxiation.

BENEFITS IN VARIOUS APPLICATIONS OF BENZENEMETHANOL:
*Cosmetics:
Mild, non-irritating preservative, making Benzenemethanol suitable for sensitive skin formulations.
Benzenemethanol improves the texture and feel of creams and lotions.

*Pharmaceuticals:
Benzenemethanol stabilizes active ingredients and prolongs the shelf life of formulations.
Benzenemethanol acts as a solubilizer for hydrophobic compounds.

*Industrial Applications:
Enhances the drying time of paints and varnishes.
Benzenemethanol provides controlled evaporation in solvent-based systems.

ALTERNATIVE PARENTS OF BENZENEMETHANOL:
*Primary alcohols
*Hydrocarbon derivatives
*Aromatic alcohols

SUBSTITUENTS OF BENZENEMETHANOL:
*Benzyl alcohol
*Organic oxygen compound
*Hydrocarbon derivative
*Aromatic alcohol
*Primary alcohol
*Organooxygen compound
*Alcohol
*Aromatic homomonocyclic compound

BENEFITS OF BENZENEMETHANOL:
*Non-toxic and biodegradable solvent.
*Mild preservative properties without strong irritation.
*Versatile for industrial, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical applications.
*Benzenemethanol enhances the shelf life of formulations.

STORAGE OF BENZENEMETHANOL:
Store Benzenemethanol in an airtight container, protected from light, in a cool and dry place.

NATURAL OCCURRENCES OF BENZENEMETHANOL:
Benzenemethanol is produced naturally by many plants and is commonly found in fruits and teas.
Benzenemethanol is also found in a variety of essential oils including jasmine, hyacinth and ylang-ylang.
Benzenemethanol is also found in castoreum from the castor sacs of beavers.
Benzyl esters also occur naturally.

PREPARATION OF BENZENEMETHANOL:
Benzenemethanol is produced industrially from toluene via benzyl chloride, which is hydrolyzed:
C6H5CH2Cl + H2O → C6H5CH2OH + HCl
Another route entails hydrogenation of benzaldehyde, a by-product of the oxidation of toluene to benzoic acid.

For laboratory use, Grignard reaction of phenylmagnesium bromide (C6H5MgBr) with formaldehyde and the Cannizzaro reaction of benzaldehyde also give Benzenemethanol.
The latter also gives benzoic acid, an example of an organic disproportionation reaction.

REACTIONS OF BENZENEMETHANOL:
Like most alcohols, Benzenemethanol reacts with carboxylic acids to form esters.
In organic synthesis, benzyl esters are popular protecting groups because they can be removed by mild hydrogenolysis.

Benzenemethanol reacts with acrylonitrile to give N-benzylacrylamide.
This is an example of a Ritter reaction:
C6H5CH2OH + NCCHCH2 → C6H5CH2N(H)C(O)CHCH2

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of BENZENEMETHANOL:
Molecular Formula: C₇H₈O
Molecular Weight: 108.14 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless liquid with a mild aromatic odor.
Density: ~1.044 g/cm³ at 20°C
Melting Point: -15°C
Boiling Point: ~205°C
Flash Point: ~100°C (Closed cup)
Water Solubility: Miscible in water.
Refractive Index: 1.538 at 20°C
Vapor Pressure: 0.13 mmHg at 20°C

Physical state: Liquid
Color: No data available
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: -16 - -13 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 203 - 205 °C
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits:
Upper explosion limit: 13 %(V)
Lower explosion limit: 1.3 %(V)

Flash point: 101 °C - DIN 51758
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity:
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water:
log Pow: 1.05 at 20 °C - Bioaccumulation is not expected.

Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: 1.045 g/mL at 25 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: None
Other safety information:
Dissociation constant: 15.4 at 25 °C
Molecular Weight: 108.14 g/mol

XLogP3: 1.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
Rotatable Bond Count: 1
Exact Mass: 108.057514874 Da
Monoisotopic Mass: 108.057514874 Da
Topological Polar Surface Area: 20.2 Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 8
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 55.4
Isotope Atom Count: 0

Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
CAS Number: 100-51-6
Molecular Weight: 108.14 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Melting Point: -15 °C
Boiling Point: 205 °C

Density: 1.045 g/mL at 25 °C
Acidity (pKa): 15.40
Chemical Formula: C7H8O
Molar Mass: 108.140 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Odor: Slightly aromatic
Density: 1.044 g/cm³
Melting Point: -15.2 °C (4.6 °F; 257.9 K)
Boiling Point: 205.3 °C (401.5 °F; 478.4 K)
Solubility in Water: 3.50 g/100 mL (20 °C), 4.29 g/100 mL (25 °C)
Solubility in Other Solvents: Miscible with benzene,
methanol, chloroform, ethanol, ether, acetone

log P: 1.10
Vapor Pressure: 0.18 kPa (60 °C)
Acidity (pKa): 15.40
Magnetic Susceptibility (χ): -71.83·10⁻⁶ cm³/mol
Refractive Index (nD): 1.5396
Viscosity: 5.474 cP
Dipole Moment: 1.67 D
Thermochemistry:
Std Molar Entropy (S⦵298): 217.8 J/(K·mol)
Std Enthalpy of Formation (ΔfH⦵298): -352 kJ/mol

CAS Number: 100-51-6
Weight Average: 108.1378
Monoisotopic: 108.057514878
InChI Key: WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI: InChI=1S/C7H8O/c8-6-7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5,8H,6H2
IUPAC Name: phenylmethanol
Traditional IUPAC Name: benzyl alcohol
Chemical Formula: C7H8O
SMILES: OCC1=CC=CC=C1

Appearance: Clear Colourless Liquid
Colour by Tintometer: ≤10 APHA
Assay (GLC): ≥99.9%
Specific Gravity (25℃): 1.042-1.046
Refractive Index (20℃): 1.538-1.541
Benzaldehyde Content: ≤0.02%
Chloride: ≤0.005%
Acid Value: ≤0.10 mg KOH/gm
Clarity of Solution (1+30): Clear
Moisture: ≤0.10%

FIRST AID MEASURES of BENZENEMETHANOL:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of BENZENEMETHANOL:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of BENZENEMETHANOL:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of BENZENEMETHANOL:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of BENZENEMETHANOL:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of BENZENEMETHANOL:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available