PRODUCTS

CARBON DICHLORIDE

Carbon dichloride is a colorless, nonflammable, chlorinated solvent with a sweet, ether-like odor, widely used in the dry cleaning of fabrics and metal degreasing.
Carbon dichloride is a volatile, stable, and effective multipurpose solvent prized for its ability to dissolve oils, greases, and waxes without damaging materials, making it essential in industrial cleaning, textile processing, and chemical synthesis.
Despite its utility, Carbon dichloride is toxic at low concentrations and is classified as a probable human carcinogen, with potential risks to the liver, kidneys, and nervous system upon prolonged exposure.

CAS Number: 127-18-4
EC Number: 204-825-9
Molecular Weight: 165,82 g/mol
Chemical Formula: C2Cl4

Synonyms: TETRACHLOROETHYLENE, Tetrachloroethene, 127-18-4, Perchloroethylene, Ethene, tetrachloro-, Perc, Perchlorethylene, Tetrachlorethylene, 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethylene, Ethylene tetrachloride, Carbon dichloride, Ankilostin, Didakene, Perclene, Tetracap, Tetraguer, Tetraleno, Tetralex, Tetropil, Perawin, Tetlen, Tetrachloraethen, PerSec, 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethene, Carbon bichloride, PERK, Percloroetilene, Tetracloroetene, Fedal-UN, Tetrachlooretheen, Czterochloroetylen, Percosolve, Perchlor, Perklone, Tetravec, Tetroguer, Nema, Perchloraethylen, per, Perchlorethylene, per, Perclene D, Dow-per, Dilatin PT, Perchloorethyleen, per, Antisol 1, Ethylene, tetrachloro-, Perchloroethene, Antisal 1, Rcra waste number U210, Nema, veterinary, NCI-C04580, ENT 1,860, Perclene TG, UN 1897, TJ904HH8SN, DTXSID2021319, CHEBI:17300, NSC-9777, Percosolv, Caswell No. 827, C2Cl4, MFCD00000834, Percloroetilene [Italian], Tetrachlooretheen [Dutch], Tetrachloraethen [German], Tetracloroetene [Italian], Czterochloroetylen [Polish], Tetrachloroethylene (IUPAC), CCRIS 579, HSDB 124, Perchloorethyleen, per [Dutch], Perchloraethylen, per [German], Perchlorethylene, per [French], Tetrachloroethene 100 microg/mL in Methanol, NSC 9777, EINECS 204-825-9, UN1897, Tetrachloroethylene [USP], RCRA waste no. U210, UNII-TJ904HH8SN, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 078501, BRN 1361721, Tetrachlorathen, Perchlorothylene, AI3-01860, tetrachloro-ethene, tetrachloro-ethylene, Nema (VAN), WLN: GYGUYGG, Freon 1110, Tetrachlooretheen(DUTCH), Tetrachloraethen(GERMAN), Percloroetilene(ITALIAN), Tetracloroetene(ITALIAN), bmse000633, Czterochloroetylen(POLISH), EC 204-825-9, 1,2,2-Tetrachloroethylene, SCHEMBL23022, 4-01-00-00715 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), BIDD:ER0346, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-ethene, Perchloorethyleen, per(DUTCH), Perchloraethylen, per(GERMAN), Perchlorethylene, per(FRENCH), Perchloroethylene Reagent Grade, CHEMBL114062, DTXCID601319, TETRACHLOROETHYLENE [II], TETRACHLOROETHYLENE [MI], 1,1,2, 2-Tetrachloroethylene, Tetrachloroethylene, >=99.5%, NSC9777, TETRACHLOROETHYLENE [HSDB], Tetrachloroethylene, UV/IR-Grade, Ethene, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-, TETRACHLORETHYLENE [WHO-DD], TETRACHLOROETHYLENE [MART.], ZINC8214691, Tox21_201196, AKOS009031593, Tetrachloroethylene, analytical standard, Tetrachloroethylene, anhydrous, >=99%, NCGC00090944-01, NCGC00090944-02, NCGC00090944-03, NCGC00258748-01, CAS-127-18-4, Tetrachloroethylene [UN1897] [Poison], Tetrachloroethylene, for HPLC, >=99.9%, Tetrachloroethylene, ReagentPlus(R), 99%, DB-041854, Tetrachloroethylene, for synthesis, 99.0%, FT-0631739, FT-0674946, S0641, Tetrachloroethylene, ACS reagent, >=99.0%, EN300-19890, Tetrachloroethene 1000 microg/mL in Methanol, Tetrachloroethene 5000 microg/mL in Methanol, C06789, F 1110, 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethylene (ACD/Name 4.0), Tetrachloroethylene, SAJ first grade, >=98.0%, A805656, Q410772, Tetrachloroethylene, SAJ special grade, >=99.0%, J-524851, Tetrachloroethylene, UV HPLC spectroscopic, 99.9%, BRD-K68386748-001-01-2, TETRACHLOROETHYLENE (PERCHLOROETHYLENE) [IARC], F0001-0391, Tetrachloroethylene, Ultrapure, Spectrophotometric Grade, Density Standard 1623 kg/m3, H&D Fitzgerald Ltd. Quality, 25135-99-3

Carbon dichloride is a colorless, nonflammable liquid solvent with a sweet, ether-like odor.
Carbon dichloride is primarily used in industrial settings and for dry cleaning fabrics and degreasing metals.

Carbon dichloride is a chlorocarbon with the formula Cl2C=CCl2.
Carbon dichloride is a colorless liquid widely used for dry cleaning of fabrics, hence Carbon dichloride is sometimes called "dry-cleaning fluid".

Carbon dichloride also uses as an effective automotive brake cleaner.
Carbon dichloride has a sweet odor, similar to the smell of chloroform, detectable by most people at a concentration of 1 part per million (1 ppm).
Worldwide production was about 1 million metric tons (980,000 long tons; 1,100,000 short tons) in 1985.

Carbon dichloride is a man-made chemical that can be a liquid or a gas.
At room temperature, Carbon dichloride is a colorless liquid.

Carbon dichloride is a man-made, non-flammable, colorless chemical that easily evaporates into the air.
Carbon dichloride is often used in dry cleaning, but is also used in manufacturing and in auto repair shops.

If you live above or next to a dry cleaner, you may be exposed to Carbon dichloride.
There are no readily available medical tests to find out if you have been exposed to PERC.
The best way to check is to measure the air in your home for PERC.

Carbon dichloride is a very versatile, volatile, very stable and non-flammable solvent for organic materials, which is used in various industries, especially in dry cleaning.
Carbon dichloride is also used in the automotive and metallurgical industries as an excellent degreaser, as well as in the production of stain removers, degreasers and paint strippers.

Carbon dichloride is also used as a multipurpose solvent because Carbon dichloride is more inert and stable than many other chlorinated solvents.
Carbon dichloride is safer than petroleum solvents because Carbon dichloride has no flash point.

Carbon dichloride is a clear, colorless liquid at room temperature.
Carbon dichloride is volatile, has a sweet odor, and is completely miscible with most organic liquids.

Carbon dichloride is a versatile, chlorinated solvent used in many industries and extensively by dry cleaning facilities.
Carbon dichloride is a non-flammable, multipurpose solvent that is relatively inert and inherently more stable than other chlorinated solvents.

Carbon dichloride has no flash or fire point, lending Carbon dichloride important safety strengths over petroleum distillates.
As a result, combined with Carbon dichloride other desirable chemical and physical properties, Carbon dichloride offers many advantages over other solvents.

Carbon dichloride is a colorless, volatile, nonflammable, liquid, chlorinated hydrocarbon with an ether-like odor that may emit toxic fumes of phosgene when exposed to sunlight or flames.
Carbon dichloride is mainly used as a cleaning solvent in dry cleaning and textile processing and in the manufacture of fluorocarbons.

Exposure to Carbon dichloride irritates the upper respiratory tract and eyes and causes neurological effects as well as kidney and liver damage.
Carbon dichloride is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen and may be linked to an increased risk of developing skin, colon, lung, esophageal, and urogenital tract cancer as well as lymphosarcoma and leukemia.

Carbon dichloride has a sweet odor detectable by most people at a concentration of 1 part per million (1 ppm).
Worldwide production was about one million metric tons in 1985.

Animal studies and a study of 99 twins by Dr. Samuel Goldman and researchers at the Parkinson's Institute in Sunnyvale, California determined there is a 'lot of circumstantial evidence that exposure to tetrachloroethene increases the risk of developing Parkinson's disease ninefold.
The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified tetrachloroethene as a Group 2A carcinogen, which means that Carbon dichloride is probably carcinogenic to humans.
Like many chlorinated hydrocarbons, tetrachloroethene is a central nervous system depressant and can enter the body through respiratory or dermal exposure.

Tetrachloroethene dissolves fats from the skin, potentially resulting in skin irritation.
This reaction can be catalyzed by a mixture of potassium chloride and aluminium chloride or by activated carbon.

Carbon dichloride is a manufactured chemical that is widely used for dry cleaning of fabrics and for metal-degreasing.
Carbon dichloride is also used to make other chemicals and is used in some consumer products.

Carbon dichloride is a solvent commonly used in dry cleaning operations to help dissolve greases, oils and waxes without damaging the fabric.
Carbon dichloride has been used as an ingredient in a range of common products such as water repellants, paint removers, printing inks, glues, sealants, polishes and lubricants because of Carbon dichloride durability and ability to adhere to plastics, metal, rubber and leather.

The low levels of Carbon dichloride that most people are exposed to are not reported to cause symptoms, according.
People who wear dry cleaned clothing may be exposed to Carbon dichloride levels that are slightly higher than what is normally found in air, but these amounts are also not expected to be hazardous to the average person’s health.

People who live or work near dry cleaning facilities may be exposed to higher levels of Carbon dichloride than the general population.
To help limit any potential health risks, the EPA ruled that dry cleaners located in residential buildings had to phase out dry cleaning machines that use Carbon dichloride by December 21, 2020.

Carbon dichloride is a colorless, nonflammable liquid solvent with a sweet, ether-like odor.
Carbon dichloride is primarly used as a chemical intermediate in Carbon dichloride of several fluroinated compounds and is also utilized in end uses which include industrial and commercial cleaning, automotive aerosols, wool scouring and paper coatings.

Carbon dichloride is an organic chemical introduced in the environment by human activity.
Specifically, Carbon dichloride is a widely used solvent, especially in dry cleaning activities.

Carbon dichloride is also used as a degreaser and in some consumer products (e.g., shoe polish, typewriter correction fluid).
Although not theoretically impossible, there is no evidence that Carbon dichloride forms or occurs naturally in the environment.
Thus, Carbon dichloride detection in an environmental sample (e.g., groundwater, surface water, soil, indoor, or ambient air) is associated with Carbon dichloride spills or accidental release.

Carbon dichloride is toxic to humans at very low concentrations.
The Environmental Protection Agency has established a Maximum Contaminant Level for Carbon dichloride in water of 5 parts per billion (or micrograms per Liter).

At this low amount, practically Carbon dichloride cannot be perceived by smell or taste.
For example, people may smell Carbon dichloride in air at concentrations above 1 ppm (parts per million).

Carbon dichloride is a halogenated organic compound composed of 2 atoms of carbon and 4 atoms of chlorine (two chlorine atoms linked to each carbon).
The two carbons are linked with each other by a double chemical bond.
Thus, Carbon dichloride does not contain any hydrogen atoms.

Carbon dichloride is a colorless liquid with a sweetish smell which is not flammable under normal temperature and pressure.
Carbon dichloride is part of a class of chemicals also known as halogenated volatile organic compounds (HVOCs).
This means that Carbon dichloride evaporates (goes from liquid into gaseous form when in contact with air).

Carbon dichloride is also part of a class of chemicals referred to as “chlorinated solvents”.
Due to the presence of one or more chlorine atoms in their structure chlorinated solvents are heavier than water.
Chlorinated solvents are also referred to as Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids (DNAPLs).

Carbon dichloride is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 100 000 to < 1 000 000 tonnes per annum.
Carbon dichloride is used by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Carbon dichloride is a clear, colorless liquid with a distinctive ether-like odor.
Carbon dichloride is nonflammable, non-explosive, and extremely stable.

Carbon dichloride is decomposed by light and metals when in the presence of moisture, open flame, electric arc, ultraviolet radiation or hot metallic surfaces.
Decomposition products include hydrochloric acid, carbon monoxide, and phosgene gas (a suffocating and highly poisonous, colorless gas or volatile liquid with an odor of new mowed hay or green corn).

Carbon dichloride is a strong oxidizer and very corrosive to metals such as lithium, beryllium, and barium.
Carbon dichloride is also chemically reactive with alkaline (basic) solutions such as caustic soda, sodium hydroxide, and potash.

Carbon dichloride is miscible with ethanol, alcohol, ethyl ether, chloroform, and benzene.
Additionally, like many other organic solvents, Carbon dichloride is volatile and slightly soluble in water (0.02%).

Commercially, Carbon dichloride is used as a dry cleaning agent, vapor-degreasing solvent, print type cleaner, heat transfer medium, chemical synthesis agent, and rug and upholstery cleaner.
Carbon dichloride is also used as a drying agent for rubber, waxes, tar, paraffin, gums, fat, and acetyl cellulose.

Carbon dichloride is a colorless, nonflammable liquid with a sweet, ether-like odor.
Carbon dichloride is a chlorinated solvent with a chemical formula of C2Cl4, and is widely used in various industries.

Carbon dichloride has many applications, the most significant being as a dry cleaning solvent.
Carbon dichloride is also used as a solvent for metal degreasing, in the production of fluorocarbons, and in the manufacture of vinyl chloride monomer, which is used to produce PVC plastic.

One of the primary uses of Carbon dichloride is in the dry cleaning industry.
Carbon dichloride is highly effective at removing dirt, grease, and stains from clothing and fabrics without damaging Carbon dichloride.

Carbon dichloride is also used in the textile industry to scour and bleach cotton and wool fibers.
In the metalworking industry, Carbon dichloride is used as a solvent for degreasing and cleaning metal parts before painting, welding, or electroplating.
Carbon dichloride is highly effective at removing oils, greases, and other contaminants from metal surfaces.

Carbon dichloride is also used in the production of fluorocarbons, which are used in refrigeration and air conditioning systems, as well as in the manufacture of aerosol sprays and foam insulation.
Carbon dichloride is a critical component in the production of vinyl chloride monomer, which is used to manufacture PVC plastic.
PVC is used in many applications, including pipes, flooring, roofing, and packaging materials.

Carbon dichloride (also known as tetrachloroethene) is a chlorocarbon with the molecular formula of C2Cl4.
Carbon dichloride is a colourless liquid with a sweet odour that is most commonly used as a dry cleaning product of fabrics.

Carbon dichloride is a non-flammable liquid, having no measurable flashpoint or flammable limits in air.
Carbon dichloride is miscible with most organic solvents but only slightly miscible in water.

Carbon dichloride was first synthesized by Michael faraday in 1821.
He discovered that at a high temperature chlorinolysis of hydrocarbons, he could produce Carbon dichloride because the hydrocarbon thermally decomposes and causes an array of side products.

Since his discovery, a few other methods have been created.
On such method that is commonly used is when 1.2.-dichloroetane is heated above 400°C with chlorine and a catalyst.
The by-products then go through a distillation process to produce Carbon dichloride.

Carbon dichloride is the predominant solvent used in the dry cleaning industry because Carbon dichloride is non-flammable, stable but highly volatile.
Carbon dichloride is safe to use on most textiles, fibres and dyes without causing damage to the garment.

Carbon dichloride is highly effective at removing oils, greases and fats from textiles due Carbon dichloride high boiling point and volatile nature.
A wide array of industries use Carbon dichloride because Carbon dichloride is excellent at degreasing metal parts during the production of products.

Carbon dichloride can also be used in extracting fats, dissolving rubber, paint removal, water repellent, brake cleaning and a carrier solvent.
Carbon dichloride was also historically used as a chemical intermediate in the manufacture of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) 134a.

Carbon dichloride is a solvent, which is sometimes simply called "perchlo".
Carbon dichloride was first synthesised in 1821 by Michael Faraday, by heating hexachloroethane until Carbon dichloride decomposed into Carbon dichloride and dichlorine (Cl₂).
This Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) is mainly used for dry cleaning fabrics and for degreasing metals.

Carbon dichloride is on the IARC's list of group 2A carcinogens and may cause neurological, kidney and hepatic disorders.
Carbon dichloride is a colourless liquid with a characteristic odour.

Carbon dichloride (Cl₂C=CCl₂) is a colorless liquid with a mild, chloroform-like odor.
Exposure to Carbon dichloride may cause irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat, and respiratory system.

Carbon dichloride may also cause liver damage and is a potential occupational carcinogen.
Workers may be harmed from exposure to Carbon dichloride.
The level of exposure depends upon the dose, duration, and work being done.

Carbon dichloride is used in many industries.
Carbon dichloride’s used to dry clean fabrics, manufacture other chemicals, and degreasing metal parts.

Some examples of workers at risk of being exposed to Carbon dichloride include the following:
Workers in dry cleaning industries
Workers who use Carbon dichloride to degrease metals
Workers in industries who use Carbon dichloride to make other chemicals

Uses of Carbon Dichloride:
Carbon dichloride is primary dry cleaning solvent being used today.
Carbon dichloride is used in dry cleaning, metal degreasing, as a chemical intermediate, and in typewriter correction fluids.

Dry cleaning operators who transferred wet garments to a dryer had mean levels of 150 ppm.
Other job tasks with substantial exposure were degreasing (95 ppm), cleaning mining equipment, testing coal, cleaning animal coats (taxidermy), and cleaning/duplicating film.

Carbon dichloride is used in dry cleaning; textile processing; degreasing metals; solvent; chemical intermediate in production of fluorocarbons.
Carbon dichloride is used insulating fluid and cooling gas in electric transformers

The major use for Carbon dichloride is as a chemical intermediate for fluorocarbons, such as HFC-134a and HFC-125.
Another important application is the use as a solvent for dry cleaning.

Other uses are textile finishing and dyeing and extraction processes.
In smaller quantities, Carbon dichloride is used to formulate various types of adhesives, sealants, and coatings.

Carbon dichloride is used for dry cleaning of fabrics and for metal-degreasing.
Carbon dichloride is also used to make other chemicals and is used in some consumer products, such as paint strippers and spot removers.

Carbon dichloride is an excellent solvent for organic materials.
Carbon dichloride is volatile, highly stable, and nonflammable.

For these chemical properties, Carbon dichloride is widely used in dry cleaning.
Carbon dichloride is also used to degrease metal parts in the automotive and other metalworking industries (e.g., cleaning tires, brakes, engines, carburetors and wire, and as an antiseizing agent).
Carbon dichloride appears in a few consumer products, including paint strippers and spot removers.

Carbon dichloride was first produced in the United States as a by-product of carbon tetrachloride manufacture in the early 1900s.
The first widespread use of Carbon dichloride was in the dry cleaning industry in the late 1930s.

Production of Carbon dichloride increased during the 1950s.
Throughout the 1950s, about 80% of Carbon dichloride was used for dry cleaning and 15% for metal cleaning and degreasing.
In the 1960s, the dry cleaning industry accounted for about 90% of Carbon dichloride consumption as large dry cleaning plants began favoring Carbon dichloride over flammable petroleum solvents.

After peaking in the 1970s, production and use of Carbon dichloride decreased, probably as a result of Carbon dichloride classification as a hazardous waste by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Additionally, the phase-out of ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons led to a decline of Carbon dichloride use as a chemical intermediate for production of those agents.

In the 1990s, use of Carbon dichloride as a chemical precursor for fluorocarbon refrigerants such as 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, more commonly known as hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) 134a, increased, as did demand for Carbon dichloride as a metal degreasing agent.
Although the quantity of Carbon dichloride used in dry cleaning facilities declined throughout the 1990s, Carbon dichloride has remained the predominant solvent used by dry cleaners.

Carbon dichloride is used for dry cleaning and textile processing, as a chemical intermediate, and for vapor degreasing in metal-cleaning operations.

Carbon dichloride is an excellent solvent for organic materials.
Otherwise Carbon dichloride is volatile, highly stable and nonflammable, and has low toxicity.
For these reasons, Carbon dichloride is widely used in dry cleaning.

Carbon dichloride is also used to degrease metal parts in the automotive and other metalworking industries, usually as a mixture with other chlorocarbons.
Carbon dichloride appears in a few consumer products including paint strippers, aerosol preparations and spot removers.

Carbon dichloride is a solvent commonly used in dry cleaning operations.
When applied to a material or fabric, Carbon dichloride helps dissolve greases, oils and waxes without damaging the fabric.

In metal manufacturing, solvents containing Carbon dichloride clean and degrease new metal to help prevent impurities from weakening the metal.
Due to Carbon dichloride durability and ability to adhere to plastics, metal, rubber and leather, Carbon dichloride has been used as an ingredient in a range of common products such as water repellants, paint removers, printing inks, glues, sealants, polishes and lubricants.

Carbon dichloride offers many physical and chemical properties that make Carbon dichloride the right chlorinated solvent for many applications.
Carbon dichloride is relatively inert and inherently more stable than other chlorinated solvents.

Carbon dichloride is stabilized to prevent solvent degradation or decomposition, and corrosion of metal parts and equipment.
Stabilizers are designed to be recoverable even after repeated cleaning cycles and from carbon adsorbers.

Carbon dichloride’s high solvency and high vapor density make Carbon dichloride ideal for a variety of end uses, and as a result, Carbon dichloride has become the largest volume dry cleaning solvent and the choice for vapor degreasing.
With all downstream applications, appropriate registrations and/or approvals may be required.

Possible uses are described below:

Dry cleaning:
Carbon dichloride is the preferred solvent because, in addition to Carbon dichloride non-flammability, Carbon dichloride provides a fast, powerful, yet gentle cleaning action with a minimum of mechanical agitation.
The result is a cleaner product with less fabric wear.
Carbon dichloride is ideal for all natural and syntheticbfibers.

Dry cleaning uses non-aqueous solvents to clean fabrics.
The first dry cleaning operations in the United States (US) date back to the 1800s when people washed fabrics in open tubs with solvents such as gasoline, kerosene, benzene, turpentine, and petroleum and then hung to dry.

In the 1900s, the US started using specialized machines for the dry cleaning process.
However, the use of highly flammable petroleum solvents caused many fires and explosions, highlighting the need to find a safer alternative.

The dry cleaning industry first introduced Stoddard solvent (less flammable than gasoline) followed by several nonflammable halogenated solvents, such as carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene (TCE), trichlorotrifluoroethane, and Carbon dichloride (PERC).
Beginning in the 1940s, Carbon dichloride the most frequently used dry cleaning solvent and continues to be the primary solvent used to dry clean fabrics both in the US and the European Union (EU).

To comply with environmental regulations, dry cleaning machines have evolved through several “generations” to minimize Carbon dichloride release.
The 1st generation machines were “transfer machines,” where cleaned fabrics were manually transferred from the washer to a dryer.

Since then, various pollution prevention controls have been implemented through the subsequent generations, culminating in the latest 5th generation machines, which are closed-loop and equipped with refrigerated condensers, carbon absorbers, inductive fans, and sensor-actuated lockout devices.
As the newer generations of machines were introduced, the amount of Carbon dichloride used was reduced from 300 to 500 g-PERC/kilogram of fabrics (1st generation) to <10 g-PERC/kilogram cleaned garment (5th generation).

In many EU countries, dry cleaning machines older than 15 years are typically prohibited—only 5th generation machines are allowed.
However, 4th generation machines may be used if best practices (e.g., good housekeeping, optimal machine operation, and recycling) are implemented and they meet EU emission requirements.
The US EPA's National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPS) regulations stipulate that 2nd generation machines must be upgraded to 4th generation, and 3rd generation machines must be retrofitted or upgraded to 4th generation machines; only 4th generation and later machines can be sold, leased, or installed.

As of 2017 in the US, there are ~20,600 dry cleaning shops and the industry employs nearly 160,000 workers, with ~80% identifying as a racial or ethnic minority.
The majority of owners are of Korean ancestry.

Nationwide, 60–65% of dry cleaners use Carbon dichloride as their primary solvent and most of the remainder use a high-flashpoint hydrocarbon.
Other solvents currently used in the US include butylal, siloxane, liquid carbon dioxide, glycol ethers, and water (professional wet cleaning).
In Europe, 60–90% of dry cleaning shops use PERC, depending on the country.

Faster cycles:
The cleaning cycle and drying times are fast with Carbon dichloride and, because of Carbon dichloride high solvency, fewer stains are left for the spotter.
Because Carbon dichloride is recoverable, Carbon dichloride has a long service life.

Customizable:
Carbon dichloride works with any dry-cleaning detergent, so the dry cleaner can add detergent or soap to make a customized charged system.

Vapor Degreasing:
Many industries, including aerospace, automotive, and household appliance production, use Carbon dichloride in vapor degreasing for metal parts.
Carbon dichloride is ideal for situations that require a high boiling point (above that of water).
Many soils, such as waxes and resins, must be melted in order to be solubilized, making Carbon dichloride a preferred solvent.

High boiling point:
The high boiling point of Carbon dichloride enables Carbon dichloride to condense more vapor on the metal than other chlorinated solvents, thus washing the parts more effectively.
Carbon dichloride cleans longer and removes higher melt-point pitches and waxes more easily.

Carbon dichloride is effective with lightweight and light gauge parts that warm up to the temperature of a lower boiling point solvent before cleaning is complete.
Carbon dichloride is particularly useful in fine orifices and spot-welded seams.

Azeotropic with water:
Carbon dichloride forms an azeotrope with water.
As a result, Carbon dichloride allows a vapor degreaser to function as a drying device for metal parts and to remove water films from metals without degradation of the solvent.

Chemical Processing:
Carbon dichloride serves as a carrier solvent for fabric finishes, rubber, and silicones.
Carbon dichloride also is used as an extractant solvent in paint removers and printing inks.

Carbon dichloride serves as a chemical intermediate in many applications.
As with all applications, when using Carbon dichloride to decrease the flammability of a mixture, Carbon dichloride is important to determine the flash point of the final product as Carbon dichloride is to be used prior to selling, since an insufficient quantity of Carbon dichloride will not raise the flash point of the mixture.

Catalyst Regeneration:
Carbon dichloride is used in the petroleum refinery industry as a source of hydrochloric acid, a promoter, which helps in the regeneration of catalyst in both catalytic reformer and isomerization operations.
Product sold into this operation must be a purer, less stabilized grade than most to preclude the poisoning of the platinum catalyst.

Fluorocarbon:
Carbon dichloride is used in the manufacture of refrigerants, refrigerant blends, and other fluorinated compounds.

Widespread uses by professional workers:
Carbon dichloride is used in the following products: laboratory chemicals and pH regulators and water treatment products.
Carbon dichloride is used in the following areas: building & construction work, health services and scientific research and development.

Release to the environment of Carbon dichloride can occur from industrial use: of substances in closed systems with minimal release.
Other release to the environment of Carbon dichloride is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use as processing aid and indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters).

Uses at industrial sites:
Carbon dichloride is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products and laboratory chemicals.
Carbon dichloride is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.

Carbon dichloride is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Carbon dichloride can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, of substances in closed systems with minimal release and as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).

Industry Uses:
Adhesives and sealant chemicals
Cleaning agent
Intermediate
Intermediates
Laboratory chemicals
Processing aids not otherwise specified
Processing aids, specific to petroleum production
Refrigerants
Solvent
Solvents (for cleaning or degreasing)
Solvents (which become part of product formulation or mixture)

Consumer Uses:
Adhesives and sealant chemicals
Cleaning agent
Solvent
Solvents (for cleaning or degreasing)
Solvents (which become part of product formulation or mixture)

Other Uses:
Carbon dichloride is used to dry clean clothes.
Carbon dichloride is used to degrease and clean metal parts.

Carbon dichloride is used as a finishing product for textiles.
Carbon dichloride is used to extract oils and fats.
Carbon dichloride is used ts an intermediate in synthesis.

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:
Metal Degreasing
Working with Glues and Adhesives
Dry Cleaning
Mining

Activities with risk of exposure:
Preparing and mounting animal skins (taxidermy)

Applications of Carbon Dichloride:
Carbon dichloride is an excellent solvent for organic materials.
Otherwise Carbon dichloride is volatile, highly stable, and nonflammable.

For these reasons, Carbon dichloride is widely used in dry cleaning.
Carbon dichloride is also used to degrease metal parts in the automotive and other metalworking industries, usually as a mixture with other chlorocarbons.

Carbon dichloride appears in a few consumer products including paint strippers and spot removers.
Carbon dichloride is used in neutrino detectors where a neutrino interacts with a neutron in the chlorine atom and converts Carbon dichloride to a proton to form argon.

Carbon dichloride is mostly used in dry cleaning business.
Carbon dichloride is a very good solvent and stain remover.
Carbon dichloride also has very low toxicity.

Carbon dichloride is also used to clean oils in automotive and many other metal-related industries.
Certain dye removers and stain removers contain Carbon dichloride.
Carbon dichloride had been used in coolant and medicine productions but Carbon dichloride is not preferred now.

Historical Applications:
Carbon dichloride was once extensively used as an intermediate in the manufacture of HFC-134a and related refrigerants.
In the early 20th century, tetrachloroethene was used for the treatment of hookworm infestation.

Features of Carbon Dichloride:
Carbon dichloride bears the formula C2Cl4, Carbon dichloride is volatile, nonflammable and resembles the odor of ether.
Carbon dichloride uses are mostly related to cleaning and removal of oil,grease and tough stains.

Carbon dichloride and dry cleaning go hand in hand as Carbon dichloride use is dominant in this sector.
Other uses are as an insulation fluid in electrical transformers, as cooling gas components and cleaner for automotive parts.

Properties of Carbon Dichloride:
Carbon dichloride is a colorless, strong scented solvent that is mainly used in dry cleaning business.
Even in 1 ppm, Carbon dichloride odor is distinguishable by humans.
Carbon dichloride is a very good solvent and has very low toxicity.

Carbon dichloride is a nonflammable colorless liquid with a sharp sweet odor; the odor threshold is 1 ppm.
The chemical formula for Carbon dichloride is C2Cl4, and the molecular weight is 165.83 g/mol.
The vapor pressure for Carbon dichloride is 18.47 mm Hg at 25 °C, and Carbon dichloride has a log octanol/waterpartition coefficient (log Kow) of 3.40.

Carbon dichloride, as mentioned above, is neither flammable nor does Carbon dichloride have a measurable flash point, which indicates that at room temperature Carbon dichloride has a lower evaporation rate than other solvents.
In addition, Carbon dichloride does not affect the ozone layer, which is why the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has approved Carbon dichloride use as a replacement for ozone-depleting solvents.

Carbon dichloride is a colourless, volatile liquid, heavier than water and practically insoluble in water.
Carbon dichloride has an odor similar to ether or chloroform and is sensitive to light and UV radiation, so Carbon dichloride decomposes when Carbon dichloride remains under direct exposure for prolonged periods.
Carbon dichloride can be mixed with a wide variety of organic solvents such as ether, ethyl alcohol, benzene, chloroform and others.

Carbon dichloride has the ability to dissolve fats, oils and resins.
The vapour Carbon dichloride produces is not visible and is heavier than air, so Carbon dichloride spreads at ground level.

Carbon dichloride cold oxidation process is quite slow and Carbon dichloride does not corrode ordinary metals, in fact, Carbon dichloride has the ability to remove grease from metals such as aluminium and magnesium.
However, Carbon dichloride cannot be used on metals such as zinc, lithium, barium and beryllium, which in Carbon dichloride liquid form attacks some varieties of plastics and rubbers.

Manufacturing Methods of Carbon Dichloride:
The production of Carbon dichloride is possible by high temperature chlorination of chlorinated lower molecular mass hydrocarbons.

For industrial purposes, three processes are important:
1. Production from acetylene via trichloroethylene.
2. Production from ethylene or 1,2-dichloroethane through oxychlorination.
3. Production from C1-C3 hydrocarbons or chlorinated hydrocarbons through high temperature chlorination.

Prepared primarily by two processes:
The Huels method whereby direct chlorination of ethylene yields 70% Carbon dichloride, 20% carbon tetrachloride, and 10% other chlorinated products;
Hydrocarbons such as methane, ethane, or propane are simultaneously chlorinated and pyrolyzed to yield over 95% Carbon dichloride plus carbon tetrachloride and hydrochloric acid.

Carbon dichloride is produced mainly by oxyhydrochlorination, perchlorination, and/or dehydrochlorination of hydrocarbons or chlorinated hydrocarbons such as 1,2 dichloroethane, propylene, propylene dichloride, 1,1,2-tri-chloroethane, and acetylene.

General Manufacturing Information of Carbon Dichloride:

Industry Processing Sectors:
Adhesive Manufacturing
All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing
Industrial Gas Manufacturing
Machinery Manufacturing
Pesticide, Fertilizer, and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing
Petrochemical Manufacturing
Petroleum Refineries
Soap, Cleaning Compound, and Toilet Preparation Manufacturing
Transportation Equipment Manufacturing
Wholesale and Retail Trade

Production of Carbon Dichloride:
Carbon dichloride is industrially produced by chlorolysis of mostly light hydrocarbons in high temperatures.
Many byproducts are also produced in this process.
These items are disintigrated by distillation.

Ethylene chlorine is also produced by catalyzation of potassium chlorine, ammonium chlorine or active carbone and chlorine in 400 °C.
Bypoducts are distillated, similar to above mentioned method.

History and Production:
French chemist Henri Victor Regnault first synthesized Carbon dichloride in 1839 by thermal decomposition of hexachloroethane following Michael Faraday's 1820 synthesis of protochloride of carbon (carbon tetrachloride).
C2Cl6 → C2Cl4 + Cl2

Faraday was previously falsely credited for the synthesis of Carbon dichloride, which in reality, was carbon tetrachloride.
While trying to make Faraday's "protochloride of carbon", Regnault found that his compound was different from Faraday's.

Victor Regnault stated "according to Faraday, the chloride of carbon boiled around 70 °C (158 °F) to 77 °C (171 °F) degrees Celsius but mine did not begin to boil until 120 °C (248 °F) degrees Celsius".
Carbon dichloride can be made by passing chloroform vapour through a red-hot tube, the side products include hexachlorobenzene and hexachloroethane, as reported in 1886.

Most Carbon dichloride is produced by high temperature chlorinolysis of light hydrocarbons.
The method is related to Faraday's discovery since hexachloroethane is generated and thermally decomposes.

Side products include carbon tetrachloride, hydrogen chloride, and hexachlorobutadiene.
Several other methods have been developed.

When 1,2-dichloroethane is heated to 400 °C with chlorine, Carbon dichloride is produced by the chemical reaction:
ClCH2CH2Cl + 3 Cl2 → Cl2C=CCl2 + 4 HCl

This reaction can be catalyzed by a mixture of potassium chloride and aluminium chloride or by activated carbon.
Trichloroethylene is a major byproduct, which is separated by distillation.

Remediation and degradation of Carbon Dichloride:
In principle, Carbon dichloride contamination can be remediated by chemical treatment.
Chemical treatment involves reducing metals such as iron powder.

In addition to bioremediation, Carbon dichloride hydrolyzes on contact with soil.

Bioremediation usually entails reductive dechlorination usually under anaerobic conditions.
Dehalococcoides sp. under aerobic conditions by cometabolism by Pseudomonas sp.
Products of biodegradation products include trichloroethylene, cis-1,2-dichloroethene and vinyl chloride; full degradation converts Carbon dichloride into ethylene and chloride.

Human Metabolite Information of Carbon Dichloride:

Cellular Locations:
Membrane

Handling and Storage of Carbon Dichloride:

Nonfire Spill Response:
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.
Stop leak if you can do Carbon dichloride without risk.

SMALL LIQUID SPILL:
Pick up with sand, earth or other non-combustible absorbent material.

LARGE SPILL:
Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.
Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

Safe Storage:
Separated from metals, ignition sources and food and feedstuffs.
Keep in a well-ventilated room.

Storage Conditions:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.

Store in a secure poison location.
Prior to working with this chemical you should be trained on Carbon dichloride proper handling and storage.
A regulated, marked area should be established where this chemical is handled, used, or stored in compliance with OSHA Standard 1910.1045.

Carbon dichloride must be stored to avoid contact with strong oxidizers, such as chlorine, bromine, and chlorine dioxide; chemically active metals, such as barium, lithium, and beryllium; and nitric acid, since violent reactions occur.
Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heat.

Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated location.
Separate from active metals.
Isolate from open flames and combustibles.

Carbon dichloride is stored in mild steel tanks equipped with breathing vents & chemical driers.
Carbon dichloride can be transferred through seamless black iron pipes, with gasketing materials of compressed asbestos, asbestos reinforced with metal, or asbestos impregnated with Teflon or Viton, employing centrifugal or positive displacement pumps of cast iron or steel construction.
Small quantities may be stored safely in green or amber glass containers.

Storage site should be as close as practicable to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for expt need to be carried.
Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion-proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties) that bears appropriate label.

An inventory should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date Carbon dichloride was acquired.
Facilities for dispensing should be contiguous to storage area.

Health and Safety of Carbon Dichloride:
The acute toxicity of Carbon dichloride is moderate to low.
Reports of human injury are uncommon despite Carbon dichloride wide usage in dry cleaning and degreasing.

Despite the advantages of Carbon dichloride, many have called for Carbon dichloride replacement from widespread commercial use.
Carbon dichloride has been described as a possible "neurotoxicant, liver and kidney toxicant, and reproductive and developmental toxicant a 'potential occupational carcinogen'"

Testing for exposure:
Carbon dichloride exposure can be evaluated by a breath test, analogous to breath-alcohol measurements.
Also, for acute exposures, Carbon dichloride in expired air can be measured.

Carbon dichloride can be detected in the breath for weeks following a heavy exposure.
Carbon dichloride and trichloroacetic acid (TCA), a breakdown product of Carbon dichloride, can be detected in the blood.

In Europe, the Scientific Committee on Occupational Exposure Limits (SCOEL) recommends for Carbon dichloride an occupational exposure limit (8 hour time-weighted average) of 20 ppm and a short-term exposure limit (15 min) of 40 ppm.

Carbon dichloride is present in very tiny amounts in the environment as a result of industrial releases.
Dry cleaned clothes may release small amounts of Carbon dichloride into the air, according to the U.S. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR).

The low levels of Carbon dichloride that most people are exposed to in air, water and food are not reported to cause symptoms, according to the American Cancer Society (ACS).
People who wear dry cleaned clothing may be exposed to Carbon dichloride levels that are slightly higher than what is normally found in air, but these amounts are also not expected to be hazardous to the average person’s health.

People who live or work near dry cleaning facilities may be exposed to higher levels of Carbon dichloride than the general population.
To help limit any potential health risks, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has ruled that dry cleaners located in residential buildings must phase out dry cleaning machines that use Carbon dichloride by December 21, 2020.

The highest exposures to Carbon dichloride tend to occur in the workplace, especially among dry cleaning workers or workers at metal degreasing facilities.
Exposure to these higher levels of Carbon dichloride can lead to irritation of the eyes, skin, nose, throat and/or respiratory system.

Short-term exposure to high levels of Carbon dichloride can affect the central nervous system and may lead to unconsciousness or death, according to NIH.
To help protect these workers, the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) recommends special safety precautions, such as a recommended schedule of maintenance activities and performing daily checks for Carbon dichloride leaks from dry cleaning machines.

First Aid Measures of Carbon Dichloride:

EYES:
First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.
Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.

Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN:
IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.
Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.

IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas.

INHALATION:
IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.
IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.

Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.
Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION:
DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.
Corrosive chemicals will destroy the membranes of the mouth, throat, and esophagus and, in addition, have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical problems.
If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.

IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.
If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body.

DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.
Transport the victim IMMEDIATELY to a hospital.

OTHER:
Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring.
Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, Carbon dichloride, physical and toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route of exposure.

Fire Fighting of Carbon Dichloride:

SMALL FIRE:
Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

LARGE FIRE:
Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray.
If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.
Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS OR CAR/TRAILER LOADS:
Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.
Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.

Fire Fighting Procedures:

Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

If material involved in fire:
Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty).

If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters.
Notify local health and fire officials and pollution control agencies.

From a secure, explosion-proof location, use water spray to cool exposed containers.
If cooling streams are ineffective (venting sound increases in volume and pitch, tank discolors, or shows any signs of deforming), withdraw immediately to a secure position.
The only respirators recommended for firefighting are self-contained breathing apparatuses that have full face-pieces and are operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode.

Approach from upwind to avoid hazardous vapors and toxic decomposition products.
Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool.

Use flooding quantities of water as fog or spray.
Extinguish fire using agent suitable for surrounding fire.

Identifiers of Carbon Dichloride:
CAS Number: 127-18-4
Beilstein Reference: 1304635
ChEBI: CHEBI:17300
ChEMBL: ChEMBL114062
ChemSpider: 13837281
ECHA InfoCard: 100.004.388
EC Number: 204-825-9
Gmelin Reference: 101142
KEGG: C06789
PubChem CID: 31373
RTECS number: KX3850000
UNII: TJ904HH8SN
UN number: 1897
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID2021319
InChI: InChI=1S/C2Cl4/c3-1(4)2(5)6
Key: CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1/C2Cl4/c3-1(4)2(5)6
Key: CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYAO
SMILES: ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl

Cas No: 127-18-4
EINESC No: 204-825-9
Molecular weight: 165,82 g/mol
Chemical Formula: C2Cl4

EC / List no.: 204-825-9
CAS no.: 127-18-4
Mol. formula: C2Cl4

Synonyms: PCE, Carbon dichloride, Carbon dichloride
Linear Formula: CCl2=CCl2
CAS Number: 127-18-4
Molecular Weight: 165.83

Typical Properties of Carbon Dichloride:
Chemical formula: C2Cl4
Molar mass: 165.82 g/mol
Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
Odor: Strong and sweetish, chloroform-like
Density: 1.622 g/cm3
Melting point: −19 °C (−2 °F; 254 K)
Boiling point: 121.1 °C (250.0 °F; 394.2 K)
Solubility in water: 0.15 g/L (25 °C)
Vapor pressure: 14 mmHg (20 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −81.6·10−6 cm3/mol
Viscosity: 0.89 cP at 25 °C

General Properties: luminous colorless liquid
Odor: chloric, disturbing
Intensity: 1.622 g/cm g/cm3
Boiling point: 121,1 °C
Melting point: −19 °C
Flash point:
Vapor pressure: 14 mmHg (20 °C)
Refraction index: 1,5055 nD
Solubility: 0.15 g/L (25 °C),

Molecular Weight: 165.8
XLogP3: 3.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 0
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 165.872461
Monoisotopic Mass: 163.875411
Topological Polar Surface Area: 0 Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 6
Complexity: 55.6
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Related compounds of Carbon Dichloride:
Trichloroethylene
Dichloroethene
Perchloroethylene

Related organohalides:
Tetrafluoroethylene
Tetrabromoethylene
Tetraiodoethylene

Names of Carbon Dichloride:

Regulatory process names:
Tetrachloroethylene
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
Tetrachloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene

Translated names:
Perchlorethylen (de)
perchloroetylen (pl)
percloroetilene (it)
perkloretylen (no)
tetrachloorethyleen (nl)
tetrachlorethen (cs)
tetrachlorethylen (da)
Tetrachlorethylen (de)
tetrachloretilenas (lt)
tetrachloroeten (pl)
tetrachloroetylen (pl)
tetrachlóretén (sk)
tetracloretilena (ro)
tetracloroetilene (it)
tetracloroetileno (es)
tetracloroetileno (pt)
tetrahloretilēns (lv)
tetrakloorietyleeni (fi)
tetrakloreten (no)
tetrakloreten (sv)
tetrakloretylen (no)
tetrakloroetilen (hr)
tetrakloroetilen (sl)
Tetrakloroetüleen (et)
tetraklóretilén (hu)
tétrachloroéthylène (fr)
τετραχλωροαιθυλένιο (el)
тeтрахлороетилен (bg)

CAS names:
Ethene
1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-

IUPAC names:
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethene
1,1,2,2-tetracloroetene
Ethene, tetrachloro
etrachloroethene
perchloroethylene
perchloroethylene
tetrachlorethen
Tetrachlorethylène
Tetrachloroethene
tetrachloroethene
Tetrachloroethylen
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
Tetrachloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
UPV10

Preferred IUPAC name:
Tetrachloroethene

Trade names:
Czterochloroetylen
DOWPER LM
DOWPER MC
DOWPER N
DOWPER Pure Power
DOWPER Solvent
Perchlorethylene
PERCHLOROETHYLEN
Performanti
Perklone D
Perklone DX+
Perklone EXT
Perklone MD
Perklone N

Other names:
Perchloroethene
perchloroethylene
perc
PCE

Other identifiers:
127-18-4
602-028-00-4