CARBON DISULFIDE

CAS number: 75-15-0
EC number: 200-843-6
Chemical formula: CS2
Molar mass: 76.13 g·mol−1

Carbon disulfide (CS2) in its pure form is a colourless, volatile and in-flammable liquid with a sweet aromatic odour. 
The technical product is a yellowish liquid with a disagreeable odour. 

Carbon disulfide is used in large quantities as an industrial chemical for the production of viscose rayon fibres. 
In this technological process, for every kilogram of viscose produced, about 20-30 g of carbon disulfide and 4-6 g of hydrogen sulfide are emitted. 
Additional release of carbon disulfide, carbonyl sulfide and hydrogen sulfide takes place from coal gasification plants; data on the total emission from these plants are not available.

The ventilation discharge from viscose plants can reach several millions of m3 per hour, with a carbon disulfide content varying from 20 to 240 mg/m3, which represents a total emission of 15-40 tonnes of carbon disulfide daily.
Exposure to carbon disulfide is mostly confined to those engaged in technological processes in the viscose industry. 
However, the general population living near viscose plants may also be exposed to carbon disulfide emissions. 

For many years, carbon disulfide was manufactured by the reaction of charcoal with sulfur vapor at temperatures of 750– 1000C, but by the mid-twentieth century, especially in the United States, the process was superseded by the reaction of natural gas (principally methane) with sulfur.

A clear colorless to light yellow volatile liquid with a strong disagreeable odor. 
Boiling point 46°C. 
Flash point -22°F. 
Flammable over a wide vapor/air concentration range(1%-50%). 

Vapors are readily ignited; the heat of a common light bulb may suffice. 
Insoluble in water and more dense (10.5 lb / gal) than water. 
Hence sinks in water. 
Vapors are heavier than air. 
Carbon disulfide is used in the manufacture of rayon and cellophane, in the manufacture of flotation agents and as a solvent.

Carbon disulfide is a highly toxic and flammable dangerous chemical compound. 
Carbon disulfide releases during volcanic eruptions and marshes. 
When coke reacts with Sulphur at high temperatures, Carbon disulfide produces carbon disulfide. 

Carbon disulfide is linear in the shaping compound and used as an industrial and chemical non-polar solvent. 
Carbon disulfide is also useful as a building block in organic chemistry. 
Carbon disulfide displays aesthetic properties too.

Carbon disulfide has a strong disagreeable odor. 
Carbon disulfide boiling point is 46 degrees C. 
Vapours are readily ignited and the heat of a common light bulb may be sufficient. 

Carbon disulfide is insoluble in water and denser than water. 
Hence sinks in water. 
Vapors are heavier than air. 
Carbon disulfide is also useful for the manufacturing of rayon and cellophane.

Carbon disulfide, CS2, is a highly volatile, flammable, clear, colorless, dense liquid that has many useful chemical and physical properties. 
An industrially important chemical for over one hundred years, most carbon disulfide is now produced by reaction of hydrocarbon gas with sulfur in a process developed in the 1950s, although many small capacity plants still employ a retort or electric furnace route based on wood charcoal and sulfur. 
Modern plants achieve a 99.99% pure carbon disulfide product by means of fractional distillation. 
Most of carbon disulfide produced worldwide goes into manufacturing viscose rayon and cellophane film. 
Carbon disulfide is also used in manufacturing numerous organic sulfur compounds for a variety of applications including rubber vulcanization accelerators, flotation chemicals, pharmaceutical intermediates, fungicides, and insecticides. 

The carbon disulfide process route to carbon tetrachloride was discontinued in the United States during 1991 because of environment pressures on the end product. 
Carbon disulfide is very toxic, and the U.S. Government limits the 8-h time-weighted average exposure to 4 ppm maximum (12 mg/m3) in air. 
Health and environmental concerns related to carbon disulfide have curtailed some uses, such as in grain fumigants and solvents. 
Special precautions must be exercised in handling carbon disulfide because of Carbon disulfide toxicity, high volatility, wide flammability range, and low ignition temperature.

Carbon disulfide, also called carbon bisulfide, is a colorless, toxic, highly volatile, and flammable liquid chemical compound that is used not only in manufacturing and fumigation but also as an insecticide and solvent. 
Carbon disulfide is extensively and rapidly absorbed via inhalation, oral, and dermal routes and is then distributed throughout the body. 
Carbon disulfide has a lipophilic nature and reacts with a variety of nucleophilic important compounds in the body. 

Central nervous system toxicity and peripheral neurotoxicity are considered as the most serious and common adverse effects of carbon disulfide in humans. 
Carbon disulfide is classified as FDA pregnancy risk group B. 
No clear evidence of carcinogenicity and genotoxicity has been reported in long-term studies with animals. 
In experimental animals, carbon disulfide at high concentrations is embryotoxic and fetotoxic and is teratogenic at exposure levels toxic to the dam.

Carbon Disulfide (CS2) is a versatile chemical intermediate that satisfies an array of needs in markets, ranging from agrochemicals to mining. 
Carbon disulfide is derived from Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) and provides optimal sulfur functionality within your formulation.

Carbon disulfide is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 100 000 to < 1 000 000 tonnes per annum.
Carbon disulfide is used by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Carbon disulfide, also known as CS2, belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as other non-metal sulfides. 
These are inorganic compounds containing a sulfur atom of an oxidation state of -2, in which the heaviest atom bonded to the oxygen belongs to the class of other non-metals. 
Carbon disulfide is found, on average, in the highest concentration within kohlrabis and milk (cow). 

Carbon disulfide has also been detected, but not quantified in, a few different foods, such as cabbages, garden onions (Allium cepa), and shiitakes (Lentinus edodes). 
This could make carbon disulfide a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. 
Carbon disulfide, with regard to humans, has been found to be associated with several diseases such as crohn's disease, pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified, autism, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; carbon disulfide has also been linked to the inborn metabolic disorder celiac disease. 
Based on a literature review very few articles have been published on Carbon disulfide.

Carbon disulfide, also spelled as carbon disulphide, is a neurotoxic colorless volatile liquid with the formula CS2. 
Carbon disulfide is used frequently as a building block in organic chemistry as well as an industrial and chemical non-polar solvent. 
Carbon disulfide has an "ether-like" odor, but commercial samples are typically contaminated with foul-smelling impurities.
Carbon disulfide is of comparable toxicity to carbon monoxide.

Carbon disulfide (CS2) is a colorless liquid with an ether-like odor. 
Exposure can cause dizziness, poor sleep, headache, anxiety, anorexia, weight loss, and vision changes. 
Carbon disulfide can harm the eyes, kidneys, blood, heart, liver, nerves, and skin. 
Workers may be harmed by carbon disulfide. 
The level of exposure depends upon the dose, duration, and work being done.

CS2 is an organosulfur compound and a volatile liquid with chemical name Carbon Disulfide. 
Carbon disulfide is also called Carbon bisulfide or disulfidocarbon or methanedithione.

Carbon Disulfide is a solvent for sulfur, bromine, fats, rubber, phosphorus, asphalt, selenium, iodine, and resins. 
Carbon disulfide has been widely used to purify single-walled carbon nanotubes and in the manufacturing of flotation agents.

Carbon disulfide is flammable, colorless to light yellow, poisonous, volatile liquid which has a strong disagreeable smell. 
Carbon disulfide has a flash point value of -22°F and is Insoluble in water. 
Carbon disulfide is denser than water, therefore, sinks in Carbon disulfide.

Carbon disulfide is used in many industries. 
Carbon disulfide used to make rubber, viscose rayon, cellophane, and carbon tetrachloride. 

Some examples of workers at risk of being exposed to carbon disulfide include the following:
Factory workers who work where rubber is made or processed
Workers involved in cellophane production
Employees who work in factories where rayon fabric is made
Employees involved in the production of carbon tetrachloride

Carbon disulfide (CS2), also called Carbon Bisulfide, a colourless, toxic, highly volatile and flammable liquid chemical compound, large amounts of which are used in the manufacture of viscose rayon, cellophane, and carbon tetrachloride; smaller quantities are employed in solvent extraction processes or converted into other chemical products, particularly accelerators of the vulcanization of rubber or agents used in flotation processes for concentrating ores.
For many years carbon disulfide was manufactured by the reaction of charcoal with sulfur vapour at temperatures of 750°–1,000° C (1,400°–1,800° F), but, by the mid-20th century, that process had been superseded, especially in the United States, by one based on the reaction of natural gas (principally methane) with sulfur.

The use of carbon disulfide for extraction of fats, oils, and waxes has been largely discontinued in favour of other solvents that are less toxic and flammable. 
The use of carbon disulfide in making rayon and cellophane depends upon Carbon disulfide reaction with cellulose and caustic soda to form colloidal solutions of cellulose xanthate, which can be extruded into a dilute solution of sulfuric acid, which coagulates the cellulose films or fibres and sets free the carbon disulfide.

Carbon disulfide is denser than water and only slightly soluble in Carbon disulfide. 
Carbon disulfide boiling point is 46.3° C (115.3° F) and Carbon disulfide freezing point -110.8° C (-169.2° F); Carbon disulfide vapour, which is heavier than air, is ignited with extraordinary ease.

Carbon disulfide is made for commercial use by combining carbon and sulfur at very high temperatures. 
Carbon disulfide has been an important industrial chemical since the 1800s because of Carbon disulfide many useful properties, including Carbon disulfide ability to solubilise fats, rubbers, phosphorus, sulfur, and other elements. 
Carbon disulfide fat-solvent properties also make Carbon disulfide indispensable in preparing fats, lacquers, and camphor; in refining petroleum jelly and paraffin; and in extracting oil from bones, palmstones, olives, and rags. 
Carbon disulfide was also used in processing India rubber sap from tropical trees. 
In all these extraction processes, Carbon disulfide has now been replaced by other solvents.

Carbon disulfide's most important industrial use has been in the manufacture of regenerated cellulose rayon (by the viscose process) and cellophane. 
Another principal industrial use for carbon disulfide has been as a feedstock for carbon tetrachloride production. 
Carbon disulfide has also been used to protect fresh fruit from insects and fungus during shipping, in adhesives for food packaging, and in the solvent extraction of growth inhibitors.

Carbon disulfide has been highly suitable for other industrial applications including the vulcanisation and manufacture of rubber and rubber accessories; the production of resins, xanthates, thiocyanates, plywood adhesives, and flotation agents; solvent and spinning-solution applications, primarily in the manufacture of rayon and polymerisation inhibition of vinyl chloride; conversion and processing of hydrocarbons; petroleum-well cleaning; brightening of precious metals in electroplating; rust removal from metals; and removal and recovery of metals and other elements from waste water and other media. 
In agriculture, carbon disulfide has been widely used as a fumigant to control insects in stored grain, and to remove botfly larva infestations from the stomachs of horses and ectoparasites from swine. 
Use of carbon disulfide as a grain fumigant in the USA was voluntarily cancelled after 1985.

Carbon disulfide: A redox mediator for organodisulfides in redox flow batteries

Significance:
The intrinsic sluggish kinetics of organodisulfides has hindered Carbon disulfide further application in large-scale energy storage. 
In this work, we propose a unique redox mediator (carbon disulfide [CS2]) involving reversible C-S bond formation/breakage, which accelerates the reaction kinetics of organodisulfides by reducing about one-third of the energy barrier of sulfur–sulfur bond breakage. 
The strategy described here supplies a perspective for enhancing the electrochemical behavior of organodisulfides and greatly facilitates the development of organodisulfides in large-scale energy storage applications.

Abstract:
Organodisulfides (RSSR) are a class of promising active materials for redox flow batteries (RFBs). 
However, their sluggish kinetics and poor cyclic stability remain a formidable challenge. 
Here, we propose carbon disulfide (CS2) as a unique redox mediator involving reversible C-S bond formation/breakage to facilitate the reduction reaction of organodisulfides in RFBs. 

In the discharge of RSSR, CS2 interacts with the negatively charged RSSR-• to promote cleavage of the S-S bond by reducing about one-third of the energy barrier, forming RSCS2Li. 
In the recharge, CS2 is unbonded from RSCS2Li while RSSR is regenerated. 
Meanwhile, the redox mediator can also be inserted into the molecular structure of RSSR to form RSCS2SR/RSCS2CS2SR, and these new active materials with lower energy barriers can further accelerate the reaction kinetics of RSSR. 

With CS2, phenyl disulfide exhibits an exceptional rate capability and cyclability of 500 cycles. 
An average energy efficiency of >90% is achieved. 
This strategy provides a unique redox-mediating pathway involving C-S bond formation/breakage with the active species, which is different from those used in lithium-oxygen or other batteries.

Physical Description of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide appears as a clear colorless to light yellow volatile liquid with a strong disagreeable odor. 
Boiling point 46° C. 
Flash point -22°F. 

Carbon disulfide is flammable over a wide vapor/air concentration range(1%-50%). 
Vapors are readily ignited; the heat of a common light bulb may suffice. 
Insoluble in water and more dense (10.5 lb / gal) than water. 

Hence sinks in water. 
Vapors are heavier than air. 
Used in the manufacture of rayon and cellophane, in the manufacture of flotation agents and as a solvent.

Occurrence, manufacture, properties of Carbon disulfide:
Small amounts of carbon disulfide are released by volcanic eruptions and marshes. 
CS2 once was manufactured by combining carbon (or coke) and sulfur at 800–1000 °C.
C + 2S → CS2

A lower-temperature reaction, requiring only 600 °C, utilizes natural gas as the carbon source in the presence of silica gel or alumina catalysts:
2 CH4 + S8 → 2 CS2 + 4 H2S

The reaction is analogous to the combustion of methane.

Global production/consumption of carbon disulfide is approximately one million tonnes, with China consuming 49%, followed by India at 13%, mostly for the production of rayon fiber.
United States production in 2007 was 56,000 tonnes.

Occurrence in air of Carbon disulfide:
The primary source of carbon disulfide in the environment is emission from viscose plants, around which environmental pollution is especially great. 
A scientific review of Soviet literature indicates values ranging from 0.01 to 0.21 mg/m3 around viscose plants.
A recent Austrian study reports that concentrations of 0.05 ppm (157 μg/m3) were often exceeded in the vicinity of viscose plants, even at a distance of several kilometres, and concentrations close to the plants could be 5-10 times higher. 

The highest peak concentrations were between 3 and 6 mg/m3.
During soil treatment with a 50% carbon disulfide emulsion for fumigation, carbon disulfide concentration in the respiration zone was found to be as high as 0.03 mg/m3 on the first day. 
This concentration decreases quickly, so that carbon disulfide is not detectable the next day.
Carbon disulfide present in air could be partially decomposed by light. 
Oxidation leads tothe formation of carbonyl sulfide, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide. 
Carbonyl sulfide in particular causes an unpleasant odour.
Workplace concentrations of carbon disulfide have been found to range from less than 9 mg/m3 to peaks exceeding 6200 mg/m3. 
As a result of various precautions taken over a period of time, average carbon disulfide concentrations have been reduced from about 250 mg/m3 in 1955-1965 to about 20-30 mg/m3. 

Solvent of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is a solvent for phosphorus, sulfur, selenium, bromine, iodine, fats, resins, rubber, and asphalt.
Carbon disulfide has been used in the purification of single-walled carbon nanotubes.

Reactions of Carbon disulfide:
Reacts with oxygen produces carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide.
CS2 + 3 O2 → CO2 + 2 SO2

Sodium sulfide undergoes a reaction to produce trithiocarbonate:
Na2S + CS2 → [Na+]2[CS32−]

Carbon tetrachloride is produced by chlorination of CS2
CS2 + 3 Cl2 → CCl4 + S2Cl2

CS2 is highly flammable. 

Carbon disulfide combustion affords sulfur dioxide according to this ideal stoichiometry:
CS2 + 3 O2 → CO2 + 2 SO2

With nucleophiles of Carbon disulfide:
Compared to the isoelectronic carbon dioxide, CS2 is a weaker electrophile. 
While, however, reactions of nucleophiles with CO2 are highly reversible and products are only isolated with very strong nucleophiles, the reactions with CS2 are thermodynamically more favored allowing the formation of products with less reactive nucleophiles.
For example, amines afford dithiocarbamates:
2 R2NH + CS2 → [R2NH2+][R2NCS2−]

Xanthates form similarly from alkoxides:
RONa + CS2 → [Na+][ROCS2−]

This reaction is the basis of the manufacture of regenerated cellulose, the main ingredient of viscose, rayon and cellophane. 
Both xanthates and the related thioxanthates (derived from treatment of CS2 with sodium thiolates) are used as flotation agents in mineral processing.

Carbon disulfide does not hydrolyze readily, although the process is catalyzed by an enzyme carbon disulfide hydrolase.

Reduction of Carbon disulfide:

Reduction of carbon disulfide with sodium affords sodium 1,3-dithiole-2-thione-4,5-dithiolate together with sodium trithiocarbonate:
4 Na + 4 CS2 → Na2C3S5 + Na2CS3

Chlorination of Carbon disulfide:

Chlorination of CS2 provides a route to carbon tetrachloride:
CS2 + 3 Cl2 → CCl4 + S2Cl2

This conversion proceeds via the intermediacy of thiophosgene, CSCl2.

Coordination chemistry of Carbon disulfide:
CS2 is a ligand for many metal complexes, forming pi complexes. 
One example is CpCo(η2-CS2)(PMe3).

Polymerization of Carbon disulfide:
CS2 polymerizes upon photolysis or under high pressure to give an insoluble material called car-sul or "Bridgman's black", named after the discoverer of the polymer, Percy Williams Bridgman.
Trithiocarbonate (-S-C(S)-S-) linkages comprise, in part, the backbone of the polymer, which is a semiconductor.

Clinical Laboratory Methods of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide in urine (treated with a solution of sodium azide, iodine and potassium iodide) using Iodine-Azide Test; concentrations of less than 20 ppm carbon disulfide in air were not detectable.

The use of blood, exhaled air and urine as biological monitors of exposure to carbon disulfide was studied in England. 
A metabolite of carbon disulfide, 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid was identified in urine through high performance liquid chromatography. 
The head space analysis used was a sulfur specific detector to determine acid labile carbon-disulfide in blood. 
End expired breath samples were obtained through forced exhalation and carbon disulfide was determined by a quadrupole mass spectrometer. 
A general trend suggested increased uptake with increasing exposure. 
Reproducibility was difficult to achieve.

Stability of Carbon disulfide:
Stable. 
Extremely flammable. 
Highly volatile. 

Note low flash pointand very wide explosion limits. 
Protect from heat, friction, shock, sunlight. 
Reacts violently with fluorine, azide solutions, zinc d ust, liquid chlorine in the presence of iron.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, azides, aluminium, zinc,most common metals, nitrogen oxides, chlorine, fluorine, hypochlorites. 

Reactivity Profile of Carbon disulfide:
CARBON DISULFIDE has an extremely low autoignition temperature (125°C). 
May ignite or even explode when heated. 
The vapor or liquid has been known to ignite on contact with steam pipes, particularly if rusted. 

Explosion hazard when exposed to flame, heat, sparks or friction. 
Mixtures with lithium, sodium, potassium or dinitrogen tetraoxide may detonate when shocked. 
Potentially explosive reaction with nitrogen oxide, chlorine, permanganic acid(strong oxidizing agents). 
Vapor ignites in contact with aluminum powder or fluorine. 

Reacts violently with azides, ethylamine ethylenediamine, ethylene imine. 
Emits highly toxic fumes of oxides of sulfur when heated to decomposition. 
Sodium amide forms toxic and flammable H2S gas with CS2. 

Properties of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide boiling point is 46.24 degrees C and the melting point is −111.61 °C. 
The impure carbon disulfide is usually useful for most industrial processes is a yellowish liquid with an unpleasant odor. 
Carbon disulfide evaporates at room temperature, and the vapor is more than twice as heavy as air. 
Carbon disulfide easily explodes in the air and also catches fire very easily.

Commercial carbon disulfide is made by combining carbon and sulphur at very high temperatures Carbon Disulphide is a solvent for sulfur, bromine, fats, rubber, phosphorus, asphalt, selenium, iodine, and resins. 
Carbon disulfide has been widely in use to purify single-walled carbon nanotubes and in the manufacturing of flotation agents.

Carbon disulfide is flammable, colorless to light yellow, poisonous, volatile liquid which has a strong disagreeable smell. 
Carbon disulfide has a flash point value of -22°F and is insoluble in water. 
Carbon disulfide is denser than water, therefore, sinks in Carbon disulfide.

Physical Properties of Carbon disulfide:
The chemical formula for carbon disulfide is CS2, and Carbon disulfide molecular weight is 76.14 g/mol. 
Pure carbon disulfide occurs as a colorless liquid that is not very soluble in water; impure carbon disulfide is yellowish. 

Carbon disulfide evaporates rapidly at room temperature and is flammable. 
Pure carbon disulfide has a sweet, pleasant, chloroform-like odor, with an odor threshold of 0.05 mg/m3.
Commercial grades of carbon disulfide have a foul odor, smelling like rotten eggs
The vapor pressure for carbon disulfide is 352.6 mm Hg at 25 °C, and Carbon disulfide log octanol/water partitioncoefficient (log Kow) is 1.84 to 2.16. 

Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid; ethereal odor when pure. 
Technical grades have strong, foul, rotten, radish-like odor. 
Leonardos et al. (1969) reported an odor threshold in air of 210 ppbv.

Pure carbon disulfide is a colourless liquid with a pleasant odour that is like the smell of chloroform. 
The impure carbon disulfide that is usually used in most laboratory and industry processes is a colourless to faintly yellow liquid with a strong, disagreeable cabbage-like odour detectable at 0.016 to 0.42 ppm. 
Carbon disulfide is highly refractive. 
Slightly soluble in water. 
Carbon disulfide is miscible with anhydrous methanol, ethanol, ether, benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and oils.

Chemical properties of Carbon disulfide:
Very highly flammable, very low flash point.
Carbon disulfide easily forms explosive mixtures with air and catches fire very easily; Carbon disulfide is dangerous when exposed to heat, flame, sparks, or friction. 
Vapours can be ignited by contact with an ordinary light bulb. 

Carbon disulfide is incompatible or reactive with strong oxidisers; chemically active metals such as sodium, potassium and zinc; azides; rust; halogens; and amines. 
When exposed to heat or flame, carbon disulfide reacts violently with chlorine, azides, ethylamine diamine, ethylene imine, fluorine, nitric oxide, and zinc. 
When heated to decomposition, Carbon disulfide emits highly toxic fumes of sulfur oxide; Carbon disulfide can react vigorously with oxidising materials.

Carbon disulfide (carbon bisulfide; CS2; CASRN 75-15-0), in Carbon disulfide pure form is a colorless liquid that evaporates readily at room temperature, with a sweet aromatic odor similar to that of chloroform. 
In Carbon disulfide impure commercial and reagent form, however, carbon disulfide is a yellowish liquid with a foulsmelling odor. 
Carbon disulfide can be detected by odor at about 1 ppm but the sense of smell fatigues rapidly and, therefore, odor does not serve as a good warning property. 
Carbon disulfide has a vapor pressure of 297mmHg and solubility in water by weight of 0.3% at 20 °C (68 °F). 
Once carbon disulfide is in the air Carbon disulfide will break down into simpler substances within a few days after release 

Purification Methods of Carbon disulfide:
Shake Carbon disulfide for 3hours with three portions of KMnO4 solution (5g/L), twice for 6hours with mercury (to remove sulfide impurities) until no further darkening of the interface occurs, and finally with a solution of HgSO4 (2.5g/L) or cold, saturated HgCl2. 
Dry Carbon disulfide with CaCl2, MgSO4, or CaH2 (with further drying by refluxing over P2O5), followed by fractional distillation in diffuse light. 

Alkali metals cannot be used as drying agents. 
Carbon disulfide has also been purified by standing with bromine (0.5mL/L) for 3-4hours, shaking rapidly with KOH solution, then copper turnings (to remove unreacted bromine), and drying with CaCl2. 
CS2 is highly TOXIC and highly FLAMMABLE. 
Work in a good fumehood. 

Small quantities of CS2 have been purified (including removal of hydrocarbons) by mechanical agitation of a 45-50g sample with a solution of 130g of sodium sulfide in 150mL of H2O for 24hours at 35-40o. 
The aqueous sodium thiocarbonate solution is separated from unreacted CS2, then precipitated with 140g of copper sulfate in 350g of water, with cooling. 
After filtering off the copper thiocarbonate, Carbon disulfide is decomposed by passing steam into Carbon disulfide. 
The distillate is separated from H2O and distilled from P2O5.

Manufacture of Carbon disulfide:
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.

Applications of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon Disulfide (CS₂) is an effective solvent for oils, waxes, sulfur and many organic compounds. 
CS₂ is a main building block in the production of agricultural chemicals including some of the fungicides and soil fumigants that allow farmers to increase yields. 
Carbon disulfide is also used to produce industrial chemicals like xanthates used in mining and rayon used in clothing. 
CS₂ is also consumed in the production of a variety of pharmaceuticals.

Uses of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is used in the manufacture of regenerated cellulose rayon, cellophane, soil disinfectants, and electronicvacuum tubes. 
Other major uses are in theproduction of carbon tetrachloride, xanthates,thiocyanates, plywood adhesives, and rubberaccessories. 
Carbon disulfide is also used as a solvent and asan eluant for organics adsorbed on charcoalin air analysis.

Carbon disulfide is used as a raw material in the production of such things as rayon, cellophane, semiconductors, and carbon tetrachloride, and to make some pesticides. 
Carbon disulfide is used as an industrial solvent and chemical intermediate to dissolve rubber to produce tires, as well as in grain fumigation, analytical chemistry research, degreasing, dry cleaning, and oil extraction.
Natural sources of carbon disulfide include the open ocean, coastal areas of high biological activity, microbial reduction of sulfates in soil, marshlands, and some higher plants where the source of carbon disulfide is the tree roots.

Previously, carbon disulfide was used as a pesticide, where Carbon disulfide was typically mixed with carbon tetrachloride in a 20/80 mixture, respectively. 
This mixture was used to exterminate insects and rodents from entire boxcars of wheat, corn, rye, and other grains. 
Grain fumigators can be acutely intoxicated and may be chronically exposed to carbon disulfide. 
Therefore, in the late 1980s, all pesticides containing carbon disulfide as an active ingredient were cancelled by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) (U.S. EPA, 1999).

In the manufacture of rayon, carbon tetrachloride, xanthogenates, soil disinfectants, electronic vacuum tubes. 
Solvent for phosphorus, sulfur, selenium, bromine, iodine, fats, resins, rubbers.

Carbon disulfide is used predominantly in the manufacture of rayon, cellophane, and carbon tetrachloride. 
Carbon disulfide is also used to produce rubber chemicals and pesticides.

Carbon disulfide is used to manufacture rayon. 
Carbon disulfide was used as a grain fumigant. 
In the production of viscous rayon, heavy occupational exposures may occur during the opening of spinning machines and while cutting and drying.
Also used to produce other chemicals, to manufacture electronic vacuum tubes, and as a solvent for resins, fats, oils, waxes, and other chemicals; Also used in metal cleaning and plating, in instant color photography, in corrosion inhibitors, in veterinary anthelmintic drugs, and to fumigate spaces and materials

The principal industrial uses of carbon disulfide, consuming 75% of the annual production, are the manufacture of viscose rayon and cellophane film.

Carbon disulfide is also a valued intermediate in chemical synthesis of carbon tetrachloride. 
Carbon disulfide is widely used in the synthesis of organosulfur compounds such as metam sodium, xanthates and dithiocarbamates, which are used in extractive metallurgy and rubber chemistry.

Carbon Disulfide is used in the production of carbon tetrachloride.

Uses of Carbon disulfide:
-Used as preparing soil disinfectants.
-Used in the manufacturing of rayon.
-Used as a solvent for iodine, phosphorous, etc.
-Used to manufacture electronic vacuum tubes.
-Used as a solvent in rubber making industries.
-Used in camphor.
-Used in generating petroleum catalysts.
-Used as pesticide intermediate.

Widespread uses by professional workers of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is used in the following products: laboratory chemicals and pH regulators and water treatment products.
Carbon disulfide is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.

Carbon disulfide is used for the manufacture of: .
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).

Uses at industrial sites of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is used in the following products: polymers, pH regulators and water treatment products, laboratory chemicals and plant protection products.
Carbon disulfide has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).

Carbon disulfide is used in the following areas: scientific research and development.
Carbon disulfide is used for the manufacture of: , chemicals and textile, leather or fur.
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid, in processing aids at industrial sites and as processing aid.
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).

Industry Uses of Carbon disulfide:    
Fuels and fuel additives
Functional fluids (closed systems)
Intermediates
Laboratory chemicals
Processing aids, not otherwise listed
Processing aids, specific to petroleum production

Consumer Uses of Carbon disulfide:
Fuels and related products

Niche uses of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide can be used in fumigation of airtight storage warehouses, airtight flat storages, bins, grain elevators, railroad box cars, shipholds, barges and cereal mills.
Carbon disulfide is also used as an insecticide for the fumigation of grains, nursery stock, in fresh fruit conservation and as a soil disinfectant against insects and nematodes.

Methods of Manufacturing of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is commercially manufactured by the reaction of sulfur with charcoal or methane. 
Ethane, propane, and propene have been used to a limited extent. 
Since the methane process was first introduced in the early 1950s, Carbon disulfide has steadily supplanted the older charcoal process, which is no longer a factor in carbon disulfide manufacture in the United States, Europe, and Japan. 
In areas where natural gas or methane is not readily available or when plant size is relatively small, the charcoal process still supplies local viscose rayon requirements.

Charcoal-Sulfur Process. 
Sulfur vapor reacts with charcoal at temperatures of 750-900 °C to form carbon disulfide. 
Sulfur vapor is an equilibrium mixture of several molecular species, including S8, S6, and S2. 
The equilibrium shifts toward S2 at higher temperatures and lower pressures. 
The overall reaction is endothermic and theoretically consumes 1950 kJ/kg (466 kcal/kg) of carbon disulfide when the reactants are at 25 °C and the products are at 750 °C. 
Most of the heat input goes into dissociation of sulfur vapor to the reactive species, S2.

Hydrocarbon-Sulfur Process. 
The principal commercial hydrocarbon is methane from natural gas, although ethane, and olefins such as propylene have also been used. 
Methane reacts with sulfur essentially without side reactions. 
At 400-700 °C, equilibrium exceeds 99.9%. 
About 5-10% excess sulfur is usually maintained in the reaction mixture to promote high methane conversion and to minimize by-product yield.

General Manufacturing Information of Carbon disulfide:

Industry Processing Sectors:
All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing
All other basic organic chemical manufacturing
All other chemical product and preparation manufacturing
Food, beverage, and tobacco product manufacturing
Mining (except oil and gas) and support activities
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Oil and gas drilling, extraction, and support activities
Pesticide, fertilizer, and other agricultural chemical manufacturing
Petroleum lubricating oil and grease manufacturing
Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing
Services
Wholesale and retail trade

Handling and Storage of Carbon disulfide:    

Nonfire Spill Response of Carbon disulfide:
Fully encapsulating, vapor-protective clothing should be worn for spills and leaks with no fire. 
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). 
All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. 

Do not touch or walk through spilled material. 
Stop leak if you can do Carbon disulfide without risk. 
Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. 
A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. 

SMALL SPILL: Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers for later disposal. 
Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material. 

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. 
Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Formulation or re-packing of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is used in the following products: laboratory chemicals.
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.

Safe Storage of Carbon disulfide:    
Fireproof. 
Separated from oxidants and food and feedstuffs.
Cool. 
Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

Storage Conditions of Carbon disulfide:    
Must be stored in airtight drums, handled with precautions, & in summer kept in shade and sprayed with water to prevent pressure developing. 
Large quantitie must be stored under water.

Should be kept away from heat, sparks, and flames, and adequate ventilation should be provided.
Storage and handling equipment are generally of conventional carbon steel construction. 
All parts of a system, incl piping, valves, and movable containers, must be earth-ground and firmly bonded by good electrical conductors to eliminate the possibility of static charge build-up and spark discharge.

Health effects of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide has been linked to both acute and chronic forms of poisoning, with a diverse range of symptoms.

Concentrations of 500–3000 mg/m3 cause acute and subacute poisoning. 
These include a set of mostly neurological and psychiatric symptoms, called encephalopathia sulfocarbonica. 
Symptoms include acute psychosis (manic delirium, hallucinations), paranoic ideas, loss of appetite, gastrointestinal and sexual disorders, polyneuritis, myopathy, and mood changes (including irritability and anger).
Effects observed at lower concentrations include neurological problems (encephalopathy, psychomotor and psychological disturbances, polyneuritis, abnormalities in nerve conduction), vision problems (burning eyes, abnormal light reactions, increased ophthalmic pressure), heart problems (increased deaths for heart disease, angina pectoris, high blood pressure), and reproductive problems (increased miscarriages, immobile or deformed sperm), and decreased immune response.

Occupational exposure to carbon disulfide is also associated with cardiovascular disease, particularly stroke.

In 2000, the WHO believed that health harms were unlikely at levels below 100 μg/m3, and set this as a guideline level. 
Carbon sulfide can be smelled at levels above 200 μg/m3, and the WHO recommended a sensory guideline of below 20 μg/m3. 
Exposure to carbon disulfide is well-established to be harmful to health in concentrations at or above 30 mg/m3 Changes in the function of the central nervous system have been observed at concentrations of 20–25 mg/m3. 
There are also reports of harms to health at 10 mg/m3, for exposures of 10–15 years, but the lack of good data on past exposure levels make the association of these harms with concentrations of 10 mg/m3 findings uncertain. 
The measured concentration of 10 mg/m3 may be equivalent to a concentration in the general environment of 1 mg/m3.

Environmental sources of Carbon disulfide:
The primary source of carbon disulfide in the environment is rayon factories.
Most global carbon disulfide emissions come from rayon production, as of 2008.
Other sources include the production of cellophane, carbon tetrachloride, carbon black, and sulfur recovery. 
Carbon disulfide production also emits carbon disulfide.

As of 2004, about 250 g of carbon disufide is emitted per kilogram of rayon produced. 
About 30 g of carbon disufide is emitted per kilogram of carbon black produced. 
About 0.341 g of carbon disufide is emitted per kilogram of sulfur recovered.

Japan has reduced carbon disulfide emissions per kilogram of rayon produced, but in other rayon-producing countries, including China, emissions are assumed to be uncontrolled (based on global modelling and large-scale free-air concentration measurements). 
Rayon production is steady or decreasing except in China, where Carbon disulfide is increasing, as of 2004.
Carbon black production in Japan and Korea uses incinerators to destroy about 99% of the carbon disulfide that would otherwise be emitted. 
When used as a solvent, Japanese emissions are about 40% of the carbon disulfide used; elsewhere, the average is about 80%.

Most rayon production uses carbon sulfide.
One exception is rayon made using the lyocell process, which uses a different solvent; as of 2018 the lyocell process is not widely used, because Carbon disulfide is more expensive than the viscose process.
Cuprammonium rayon also does not use carbon disulfide.

Historic and current exposure of Carbon disulfide:
Industrial workers working with carbon disulfide are at high risk. 
Emissions may also harm the health of people living near rayon plants.

Concerns about carbon disulfide exposure have a long history.
Around 1900, carbon disulfide came to be widely used in the production of vulcanized rubber. 
The psychosis produced by high exposures was immediately apparent (Carbon disulfide has been reported with 6 months of exposure). 

Sir Thomas Oliver told a story about a rubber factory that put bars on Carbon disulfide windows so that the workers would not jump out to their deaths.
Carbon disulfide's use in the US as a heavier-than-air burrow poison for Richardson's ground squirrel also lead to reports of psychosis. 
No systematic medical study of the issue was published, and knowledge was not transferred to the rayon industry.

The first large epidemiological study of rayon workers was done in the US in the late 1930s, and found fairly severe effects in 30% of the workers. 
Data on increased risks of heart attacks and strokes came out in the 1960s. 
Courtaulds, a major rayon manufacturer, worked hard to prevent publication of this data in the UK.
Average concentrations in sampled rayon plants were reduced from about 250 mg/m3 in 1955-1965 to about 20–30 mg/m3 in the 1980s.
Rayon production has since largely moved to the developing world, especially China, Indonesia and India.

Rates of disability in modern factories are unknown, as of 2016.
Current manufacturers using the viscose process do not provide any information on harm to their workers.

History of Carbon disulfide:
In 1796, the German chemist Wilhelm August Lampadius (1772–1842) first prepared carbon disulfide by heating pyrite with moist charcoal. 
He called Carbon disulfide "liquid sulfur" (flüssig Schwefel).
The composition of carbon disulfide was finally determined in 1813 by the team of the Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius (1779–1848) and the Swiss-British chemist Alexander Marcet (1770–1822).
Their analysis was consistent with an empirical formula of CS

First Aid of Carbon disulfide:    
Warning: Effects may be delayed. 
Caution is advised. 
Signs and Symptoms of Acute Carbon Disulfide Exposure: Acute exposure to carbon disulfide primarily affects the central nervous system producing signs and symptoms that may include headache, dizziness, difficulty swallowing, nervousness, tremors, mental depression, delirium, psychosis, convulsions, paralysis, and coma. 
Nausea, vomiting, cyanosis (blue tint to skin and mucous membranes), hypothermia (low body temperature), and peripheral vascular collapse may also occur. 

Respiratory effects include coughing, dyspnea (shortness of breath), and respiratory failure. 
Carbon disulfide is a strong skin irritant; dermal exposure may result in severe burns. 
Eye exposure may cause degeneration of the retina and optic nerve. 
Pupils may be dilated. 

Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to carbon disulfide may require decontamination and life support for the victims. 
Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. 
Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. 
Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. 

Inhalation Exposure: 
1. Move victims to fresh air. 
Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to carbon disulfide. 

2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. 
If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. 
If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. 
If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 

3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 

4. Transport to a health care facility. 

Dermal/Eye Exposure: 
1. Remove victims from exposure. 
Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to carbon disulfide. 

2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. 
If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. 
If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. 
If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 

3. Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 

4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 

5. Wash exposed skin areas three times. 
Wash initially with soap and water follow with an alcohol wash, then wash again with soap and water. 

6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 

7. Transport to a health care facility. 

Ingestion Exposure: 
1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. 
If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. 
If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. 
If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 

2. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 

3. Give the victims water or milk: Children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup). 
Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert. 

4. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert. 
Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 

5. Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims. 
Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 

6. Transport to a health care facility. 

Fire Fighting of Carbon disulfide:    
If the vapor concentration exceeds 2 percent by volume or is unknown, self-contained breathing mask with full face should be used by all persons entering contaminated area. 
Wear special protective clothing. 
Isolate for 1/2 mile in all directions if tank car or truck is involved in fire. 

Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide or other inert gas. 
Cooling and blanketing with water spray is effective in case of fires in metal containers or tanks to help prevent reignition by hot surfaces. 
Foam is ineffective. 

Isolation and Evacuation of Carbon disulfide:    
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. 
SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. 
FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. 

Spillage Disposal of Carbon disulfide:
Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. 
Remove all ignition sources. 
Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. 
Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. 
Do NOT wash away into sewer.

Cleanup Methods of Carbon disulfide:    
1. Remove all ignition sources. 

2. Ventilate area of spill or leak. 

3. For small quantities, absorb on paper towels. 
Evaporate in a safe place (such as a fume hood). 
Allow sufficient time for evaporating vapors to completely clear the hood ductwork. 

Burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible materials. 
Large quantities can be reclaimed or collected and atomized in a suitable combustion chamber equipped with an appropriate effluent gas cleaning device. 
Carbon disulfide should not be allowed to enter a confined space, such as a sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion.

Environmental considerations: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.
SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner.
Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. 
Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder. 
Apply appropriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard.

Environmental considerations: Water spill: Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). 
If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount. 
Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.

Disposal Methods of Carbon disulfide:    
Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number P022, D003, and F005, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. 
Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. 
Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. 
Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. 

Identifiers of Carbon disulfide:
CAS Number: 75-15-0 
ChEBI: CHEBI:23012 
ChemSpider: 6108 
ECHA InfoCard: 100.000.767
EC Number: 200-843-6
KEGG: C19033
PubChem CID: 6348
RTECS number: FF6650000
UNII: S54S8B99E8 
UN number: 1131
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID6023947 
InChI: 
InChI=1S/CS2/c2-1-3 
Key: QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1/CS2/c2-1-3
Key: QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYAS
SMILES: S=C=S

Properties of Carbon disulfide:
Chemical formula: CS2
Molar mass: 76.13 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Impure: light-yellow
Odor: 
Chloroform (pure)
Foul (commercial)
Density: 
1.539 g/cm3 (−186°C)
1.2927 g/cm3 (0 °C)
1.266 g/cm3 (25 °C)
Melting point: −111.61 °C (−168.90 °F; 161.54 K)
Boiling point    46.24 °C (115.23 °F; 319.39 K)
Solubility in water: 
2.58 g/L (0 °C)
2.39 g/L (10 °C)
2.17 g/L (20 °C)
0.14 g/L (50 °C)
Solubility: Soluble in alcohol, ether, benzene, oil, CHCl3, CCl4
Solubility in formic acid: 4.66 g/100 g
Solubility in dimethyl sulfoxide: 45 g/100 g (20.3 °C)
Vapor pressure: 
48.1 kPa (25 °C)
82.4 kPa (40 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −42.2·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD): 1.627
Viscosity: 
0.436 cP (0 °C)
0.363 cP (20 °C)

Molecular Weight: 76.15    
XLogP3-AA: 2.1    
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0    
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2    
Rotatable Bond Count: 0    
Exact Mass: 75.94414235    
Monoisotopic Mass: 75.94414235    
Topological Polar Surface Area: 64.2 Ų    
Heavy Atom Count    : 3    
Formal Charge: 0    
Complexity: 18.3
Isotope Atom Count: 0    
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0    
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0    
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0    
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0    
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1    
Compound Is Canonicalized: No

Specifications of Carbon disulfide:
Appearance: colourless or yellowish liquid
Assay (GC): ≥ 99.9 %
Water: ≤ 0.01 %
Density (d 20 °C/20 °C): ~1.26
Boiling point: 46 - 47 °C
Identity (IR): passes test
Colour number (Hazen): ≤ 10
Sulphate (SO₄): ≤ 0.0002 %
Sulfite (as SO₂): ≤ 0.00025 %
Sulfur, hydrogen sulfide and organic sulfur compounds (as S): ≤ 0.0001 %
Benzene (GC): ≤ 0.002 %
Evaporation residue: ≤ 0.001 %

Structure of Carbon disulfide:
Molecular shape: Linear
Dipole moment: 0 D (20 °C)

Thermochemistry of Carbon disulfide:
Heat capacity (C): 75.73 J/(mol·K)
Std molar entropy (So298):v151 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298): 88.7 kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG˚): 64.4 kJ/mol 
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298): 1687.2 kJ/mol

Related compounds     of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon dioxide
Carbonyl sulfide
Carbon diselenide

Names of Carbon disulfide:

CAS names of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide

Trade names of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon bisulfide
Carbon bisulphide
carbon disulfide
Carbon disulfide (8CI, 9CI)
Carbon disulphide
carbon disulphide
Carbon sulfide (CS2)
disiarczek węgla
Dithiocarbonic anhydride
dwusiarczek węgla
Schwefelkohlenstoff
schwefelkohlenstoff

IUPAC name of Carbon disulfide:
Methanedithione
Carbon Bisulphide
Carbon Disulfide
Carbon disulfide
carbon disulfide
Carbon Disulfide
carbon disulphide
Carbon disulphide
carbon disulphide
dithioxomethane
methanedithione
Methanedithione

Other names of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon bisulfide

Synonyms of Carbon disulfide:
CARBON DISULFIDE
Carbon disulphide
Carbon bisulfide
75-15-0
Dithiocarbonic anhydride
methanedithione
Carbon bisulphide
Schwefelkohlenstoff
Weeviltox
Wegla dwusiarczek
Solfuro di carbonio
CARBONDISULFIDE
Sulphocarbonic anhydride
RCRA waste number P022
disulfidocarbon
Carbon disulfide cation
Carbon bisulfuret
NCI-C04591
Alcohol of sulfur
UNII-S54S8B99E8
UN 1131
Sulfocarbonic anhydride
Carbon sulfide (CS2)
Carbon disulfide, ACS reagent
CHEBI:23012
S54S8B99E8
Carbon disulfide solution, 5 M in THF
NCGC00091108-01
Carbondisulphide
DSSTox_CID_3947
DSSTox_RID_77238
DSSTox_GSID_23947
12539-80-9
Sulphuret of carbon
Caswell No. 162
Koolstofdisulfide (zwavelkoolstof)
Kohlendisulfid (schwefelkohlenstoff)
Wegla dwusiarczek 
CAS-75-15-0
Sulfure de carbone
Schwefelkohlenstoff
HSDB 52
Carbon disulfide
Carbon disulfide, ACS reagent, >=99.9%
Solfuro di carbonio 
CCRIS 5570
Carbone (sulfure de) 
Carbone (sulfure de)
Carbonio (solfuro di)
Carbonio (solfuro di)
Sulfure de carbone
EINECS 200-843-6
UN1131
RCRA waste no. P022
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 016401
BRN 1098293
Carbon disulfide, puriss., low in benzene, >=99.5% (GC)
Dithioxomethane
Kohlendisulfid
Carbon sulphide
Koolstofdisulfide (zwavelkoolstof) [Dutch]
AI3-08935
Koolstofdisulfide
carbon-disulphide
Weevil-Tox
Kohlendisulfid (schwefelkohlenstoff) [German]
Dithioxomethane #
Carbon-disulphide-
Carbon disulfide, CP
Carbon disulphide, BSI
EC 200-843-6
4-03-00-00395 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
CHEMBL1365180
DTXSID6023947
Carbon disulfide, p.a., 99.5%
Tox21_111082
Tox21_201168
Carbon disulfide, anhydrous, >=99%
AKOS009075983
NCGC00091108-02
NCGC00258720-01
Carbon disulfide, for HPLC, >=99.9%
Carbondisulfide 100 microg/ml in Methanol
Carbon disulfide, purum, >=99.0% (GC)
Carbondisulfide 5000 microg/mL in Methanol
C1955
Carbon-12C disulfide, 99.9 atom % 12C
FT-0623475
Carbon disulfide 5000 microg/mL in Methanol
Carbon disulfide, puriss., >=99.5% (GC)
C19033
Carbon disulfide, SAJ first grade, >=98.0%
Carbon disulfide [UN1131] [Flammable liquid]
Carbon disulfide, JIS special grade, >=99.0%
Carbon disulfide, spectrophotometric grade, >=99%
Q243354
Carbon disulfide, puriss. p.a., >=99.9% (GC)
Carbon disulfide, ReagentPlus(R), low benzene, >=99.9%
Carbon disulfide solution, 5000 mug/mL in methanol, analytical standard
Carbon disulfide, ReagentPlus(R), purified by redistillation, >=99.9%
Carbon disulfide solution, certified reference material, 5000 mug/mL in methanol
Carbon disulfide, for IR spectroscopy, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. Ph. Eur., >=99.9% (GC)
12122-00-8 
200-843-6 
4-03-00-00395 
4-03-00-00395
75-15-0 
Carbon bisulfide
Carbon bisulfuret
Carbon bisulphide
Carbon disulfide 
Carbon disulfide, ion(1-)
Carbon disulphide 
Carbone (sulfure de)
Carbonio (solfuro di) 
Disulfide, Carbon
dithioxomethane
Kohlendisulfid (schwefelkohlenstoff) 
Koolstofdisulfide (zwavelkoolstof) 
Methandithion
methane, dithioxo-
Methanedithione
Méthanedithione
MFCD00011321 
Schwefelkohlenstoff 
Solfuro di carbonio 
Sulfure de carbone
thiocarbonyl sulfur
Wegla dwusiarczek 
Carbon disulfide - no shipment by air
Carbon disulfide cation
Carbon disulfide, ACS reagent
Carbon disulfidemissing
Carbon Disulphide, GlenDry, anhydrous
Carbon sulfide
Carbon sulphide
disulfidocarbon
dithiocarbonic anhydride
Methyl disulfide
Sulfocarbonic anhydride
Sulphocarbonic anhydride
Weeviltox