CHRYSENE

Chrysene is a four-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon commonly used as a reference compound in environmental and analytical research.
Chrysene's stable aromatic structure makes it useful for studying PAH distribution, combustion processes, and the behavior of complex organic mixtures.
Chrysene is also widely employed in chromatographic calibration, petroleum characterization, and method development for PAH analysis.

CAS Number: 218-01-9
EC Number: 205-923-4
Molecular Formula: C18H12
Molecular Weight: 228.29 g/mol

Synonyms: CHRYSENE, 218-01-9, Benzo[a]phenanthrene, 1,2-Benzophenanthrene, 1,2-Benzphenanthrene, 1,2,5,6-Dibenzonaphthalene, Benz(a)phenanthrene, Benzo(a)phenanthrene, Chrysen, DTXSID0022432, Benz[a]phenanthrene, 084HCM49PT, NSC-6175, DTXCID702432, CHEBI:51687, NSC6175, RefChem:5685, 205-923-4, RCRA waste number U050, MFCD00003698, ChryseneNSC 6175, CHEMBL85685, 65777-08-4, Chrysene, analytical standard, RCRA waste no. U050, CCRIS 161, Chrysene solution, HSDB 2810, Coal tar pitch volatiles: chrysene, NSC 6175, EINECS 205-923-4, Chrysene (Standard), Chrysene, 95%, Chrysene, 98%, CHRYSENE (purity), CHRYSENE [HSDB], CHRYSENE [IARC], AI3-00867, CHRYSENE [MI], (4)PHENACENE, 1,5,6-Dibenzonaphthalene, UNII-084HCM49PT, SCHEMBL27115, BIDD:ER0418, SCHEMBL235409, SCHEMBL510638, SCHEMBL534952, SCHEMBL534953, SCHEMBL534974, SCHEMBL534978, SCHEMBL535007, SCHEMBL578709, SCHEMBL969535, orb1218432, orb1308453, SCHEMBL2282037, SCHEMBL2405788, SCHEMBL2407276, SCHEMBL2407404, SCHEMBL2407762, SCHEMBL2408072, SCHEMBL2408406, SCHEMBL2408469, SCHEMBL2408501, SCHEMBL2408591, SCHEMBL2408906, SCHEMBL2409023, SCHEMBL2409141, SCHEMBL2409179, SCHEMBL2409576, SCHEMBL2409751, SCHEMBL2409772, SCHEMBL2409987, SCHEMBL2411049, SCHEMBL2411272, SCHEMBL2411341, SCHEMBL2412656, SCHEMBL2412691, SCHEMBL2412903, SCHEMBL2413446, SCHEMBL2413540, SCHEMBL2413546, SCHEMBL2442730, SCHEMBL2449579, SCHEMBL15644862, SCHEMBL29355502, SCHEMBL29792076, SCHEMBL30433768, WLN: L E6 B666J, MSK4309, Tox21_202548, BDBM50128870, SBB061281, Chrysene 10 microg/mL in Cyclohexane, AKOS015904682, Chrysene 10 microg/mL in Acetonitrile, FB15612, HY-121107R, Chrysene 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile, NCGC00163986-01, NCGC00260097-01, AS-39344, CAS-218-01-9, SY048799, DB-011521, DB-043876, HY-121107, CS-0079473, NS00010720, ST45022230, Chrysene, BCR(R) certified Reference Material, T14961, F468677, Q415465, Chrysene, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R), 1,2-Benzophenanthrene, 1,2-Benzphenanthrene, Benzo[a]phenanthrene, NSC 6175, [4]Phenacene, 1909297, 205-923-4, 218-01-9, Chrysen, Chrysene, Chrysène, 1,2,5,6-Dibenzonaphthalene, 1,2-Benzophenanthrene, 1,2-Benzphenanthrene, 1-CHRYSENYL, 1719-03-5, 1996-23-2, 27274-05-1, 4-CHRYSENYL, 6-CHRYSENYL, 61062-80-4, 61062-86-0, 61062-89-3, 65777-08-4, 98%, Benz(a)phenanthrene, Benz[a]phenanthrene, BENZO(A)PHENANTHRENE, Benzo[a]phenanthrene, benzophenanthrene, CHRYSEN-1-YL, CHRYSEN-4-YL, CHRYSEN-6-YL, Chrysene-d12, Crysene, EINECS 205-923-4, L E6 B666J

Chrysene appears as a crystalline solid.
Chrysene is denser than water and insoluble in water.
Chrysene is used to make other chemicals.

Chrysene is defined as a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) that is a natural component of coal tar, produced during the incomplete combustion of organic materials.
Chrysene is highly lipophilic and has low vapor pressure, with human exposure primarily occurring through inhalation of polluted air.

Chrysene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) with the molecular formula C18H12 that consists of four fused benzene rings.
Chrysene is a natural constituent of coal tar, from which it was first isolated and characterized.
Chrysene is also found in creosote at levels of 0.5–6 mg/kg.

The name "chrysene" originates from Greek Χρύσoς (chrysos), meaning "gold", and is due to the golden-yellow color of the crystals of the hydrocarbon, thought to be the proper color of the compound at the time of its isolation and characterization.
However, high purity chrysene is colorless, the yellow hue being due to the traces of its yellow-orange isomer tetracene, which cannot be separated easily.

Chrysene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) consisting of four fused benzene rings.
Some of its derivatives such as electroluminescent 3, 6, 9, 12-tetrasubstituted chrysenes are useful in electroluminescent applications such as being used in the organic light emitting dioxide (OLED).

They are also relates to electronic devices in which the active layer includes such a chrysene composition.
Chrysene is a potential carcinogen.

Chrysene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) composed of four fused benzene rings.
Chrysene occurs naturally in coal tar and crude oil and can also form during incomplete combustion of organic materials such as coal, wood, petroleum products, and tobacco.
Chrysene is mainly used as a research chemical and reference standard in environmental and analytical studies.

Chrysene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) with the molecular formula C18H12.
Chrysene is one of the natural constituents in coal tar, from which it was first isolated and characterized.

Chrysene is produced as a gas during combustion of coal, gasoline, garbage, animal, and plant materials and usually found in smoke and soot. 
Chrysene usually combines with dust particles in the air and is carried into water and soil and onto crops.

Creosote, a chemical used to preserve wood contains chrysene.
High concentration of chrysene in the air is typically found during open burning and home heating with wood and coal.

People are exposed to chrysene from a variety of environmental sources such as air, water, and soil and from cigarette smoke and cooked food.
General population is usually exposed to chrysene along with a mixture of similar chemicals.

Chrysene is a by-product of many industrial processes and thereby released in the atmosphere.
Chrysene is lipophilic, insoluble in water, slightly soluble in other polar solvents such as alcohol, ether and moderately soluble in benzene and toluene.

However, Chrysene readily dissolves in benzene and toluene at an elevated temperature.
The name ‘Chrysene’ originates from the Greek word chrysos, meaning ‘gold,’ and is due to the golden yellow color of the slightly impure crystals.

However, in pure state, chrysene is a colorless, crystalline solid.
Chrysene has characteristic red–blue fluorescence under UV light.
Chrysene is a high molecular weight (HMW), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) known for its recalcitrance and carcinogenic properties.

Derivatives of Chrysene:
Derivatives of chrysene include tetrahydrochrysene and 2,8-dihydroxyhexahydrochrysene, which are estrogenic compounds.
The experimental cancer drug crisnatol is a derivative of chrysene.

Uses of Chrysene:
Chrysene is mainly used as a reference and research compound in environmental, analytical, and toxicological studies.
Chrysene is commonly employed for the detection and quantification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in air, water, soil, sediments, petroleum products, and combustion-related samples.

Chrysene is also used in chromatographic method development, calibration, and validation, as well as in research on PAH formation, incomplete combustion, soot generation, and environmental contamination.
In addition, Chrysene serves as a model compound in studies investigating the behavior, persistence, and biological effects of four-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

Industry Uses:
Binder

Applications of Chrysene:
Chrysene is used in organic synthesis and in research.
Chrysene is used strictly for research purposes.
Chrysene may be used as an analytical reference standard for the determination of the analyte in fish bile, air particulate extracts and food samples by various chromatography techniques.

Chrysene can be used as a building block to synthesize:
Chrysene-based tetracarboxy-substituted bis[5]helicenes via double Perkin reactions followed by Pd-catalyzed cyclizations.
Chrysene-based azahelicene derivatives are applicable in Perovskite solar cells.
3,6,9,12-tetrakis(4-tert-butylphenyl)chrysene applicable as a blue emitter for OLEDs.

Chemical Properties of Chrysene:
Chrysene is a combustible, white (when pure), red, or blue, fluorescent crystalline solid. Odorless.
Chrysene 859 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are compounds containing multiple benzene rings and are also called polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons

Occurrence of Chrysene:
Chrysene is a constituent of tobacco smoke.

Stability and Reactivity of Chrysene:

Chemical Stability:
Chrysene is chemically stable under normal ambient conditions.

Reactivity:
Fine airborne dust may present a dust explosion potential.
Violent reactions may occur with strong oxidizing agents.

Conditions to Avoid:
Avoid dust generation, excessive heat, ignition sources, and incompatible materials.

Incompatible Materials:
Strong oxidizing agents.

Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Combustion may produce carbon oxides and hazardous fumes or vapors.

Handling and Storage of Chrysene:

Safe Handling:
Handle under adequate ventilation or in a fume hood.
Avoid inhalation of dust and prevent contact with skin and eyes.

Storage Conditions:
Keep tightly closed in a dry, well-ventilated place.
Store in a secure area accessible only to authorized personnel.

First Aid Measures of Chrysene:

Inhalation:
Move the affected person to fresh air and obtain medical attention.

Skin Contact:
Remove contaminated clothing immediately and rinse the skin thoroughly with water or shower.
Seek medical advice.

Eye Contact:
Rinse with plenty of water, remove contact lenses if present, and obtain medical attention.

Ingestion:
Rinse the mouth and give a small amount of water if the person is conscious.
Seek medical attention.

Firefighting Measures of Chrysene:

Suitable Extinguishing Media:
Use water, foam, carbon dioxide, or dry powder.

Specific Hazards:
Chrysene is combustible and may release hazardous combustion gases or vapors during a fire.

Protective Equipment:
Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and suitable protective clothing.

Accidental Release Measures of Chrysene:

Personal Precautions:
Avoid generating or inhaling dust.
Prevent direct contact and ensure adequate ventilation.

Environmental Precautions:
Do not allow Chrysene to enter drains, surface water, or groundwater.

Cleanup Methods:
Carefully collect spilled material while avoiding dust formation and place it in a suitable container for disposal.

Exposure Controls/Personal Protective of Chrysene:

Engineering Controls:
Use adequate ventilation or local exhaust and minimize airborne dust.

Eye Protection:
Wear approved safety glasses.

Hand Protection:
Wear suitable chemical-resistant gloves, such as nitrile gloves.

Skin Protection:
Wear appropriate protective clothing.

Respiratory Protection:
Use a suitable particulate respirator with a P3-type filter when dust is generated.

General Hygiene:
Remove contaminated clothing promptly and wash hands and face thoroughly after handling.

Identifiers of Chrysene:
CAS No: 218-01-9
Chemical Name: Chrysene
CBNumber: CB9853344
Molecular Formula: C18H12
Molecular Weight: 228.29
MDL Number: MFCD00003698

CAS Number: 218-01-9
Beilstein Reference: 1909297
ChEBI: CHEBI:51687
ChEMBL: ChEMBL85685
ChemSpider: 8817
ECHA InfoCard: 100.005.386
EC Number: 205-923-4
Gmelin Reference: 262600
KEGG: C14222
PubChem CID: 9171
RTECS number: GC0700000
UNII: 084HCM49PT
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID0022432
InChI: InChI=1S/C18H12/c1-3-7-15-13(5-1)9-11-18-16-8-4-2-6-14(16)10-12-17(15)18/h1-12H
Key: WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1/C18H12/c1-3-7-15-13(5-1)9-11-18-16-8-4-2-6-14(16)10-12-17(15)18/h1-12H
Key: WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYAK
SMILES: c1ccc2c(c1)ccc3c2ccc4c3cccc4

CAS Number: 218-01-9
EC Number: 205-923-4
Molecular Formula: C18H12
Molecular Weight: 228.29 g/mol
PubChem CID: 9171
IUPAC Name: Chrysene
InChI Key: WDECCTJVUMZQPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C=CC3=C2C=CC4=CC=CC=C43

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C18H12
CAS Number: 218-01-9
Molecular Weight: 228.29
UNSPSC Code: 12352200
NACRES: NA.22
PubChem Substance ID: 329767436
EC Number: 205-923-4
Beilstein/REAXYS Number: 1909297
MDL number: MFCD00003698
Form: solid

Properties of Chrysene:
Chemical formula: C18H12
Molar mass: 228.294 g·mol−1
Appearance: white solid
Density: 1.274 g/cm3
Melting point: 254 °C (489 °F; 527 K)
Boiling point: 448 °C (838 °F; 721 K)
Solubility in water: Insoluble
Solubility in ethanol: 1 g/1300 mL[3]
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −166.67·10−6 cm3/mol
Related compounds
Related PAHs: Pyrene, Tetracene, Triphenylene

Melting point: 252-254 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 448 °C (lit.)
Density: 1.274
vapor pressure: 4.3 at 25 °C (de Kruif, 1980)
refractive index: 1.7480 (estimate)
Flash point: -17℃
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: <0.0001g/l
form: solid
color: White to Light yellow to Light orange
Water Solubility: insoluble
Merck: 14,2255
BRN: 1909297

form: solid
Quality Segment: 100
bp: 448 °C (lit.)
mp: 252-254 °C (lit.)
SMILES string: c1ccc2c(c1)ccc3c4ccccc4ccc23
InChI: 1S/C18H12/c1-3-7-15-13(5-1)9-11-18-16-8-4-2-6-14(16)10-12-17(15)18/h1-12H
InChI key: WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Molecular Weight: 228.3 g/mol
XLogP3: 5.7
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 0
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 228.093900383 Da
Monoisotopic Mass: 228.093900383 Da
Topological Polar Surface Area: 0 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 18
Complexity: 264
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Names of Chrysene:

Preferred IUPAC name:
Chrysene

Other names:
1,2-Benzophenanthrene
1,2-Benzphenanthrene
Benzo[a]phenanthrene
NSC 6175
Phenacene