COPPER (II) ACETATE

COPPER (II) ACETATE = CUPRIC ACETATE

CAS Number: 142-71-2 (anhydrous) / 6046-93-1 (hydrate) 
EC Number: 205-553-3
MDL number: MFCD00008690
Chemical formula: Cu(CH3COO)2

Copper(II) acetate, also referred to as cupric acetate, is the chemical compound with the formula Cu(OAc)2 where AcO− is acetate (CH3CO−2). 
The hydrated derivative, Cu2(OAc)4(H2O)2, which contains one molecule of water for each copper atom, is available commercially. 
Copper(II) acetate is a chemical compound of copper.  
Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu and atomic number 29. 

Anhydrous Copper (II) acetate is a dark green crystalline solid, whereas Cu2(OAc)4(H2O)2 is more bluish-green. 
Since ancient times, Copper (II) acetate of some form have been used as fungicides and green pigments.  
Copper (II) acetate, like all copper compounds, emits a blue-green glow in a flame. 

The mineral hoganite is a naturally occurring form of copper(II) acetate. 
A related mineral, also containing calcium, is paceite. 
Both are very rare.

Copper (II) acetate adopts the paddle wheel structure seen also for related Rh(II) and Cr(II) tetraacetates. 
One oxygen atom on each acetate is bound to one copper atom at 1.97 Å (197 pm). 
Completing the coordination sphere are two water ligands, with Cu–O distances of 2.20 Å (220 pm). 
The two copper atoms are separated by only 2.62 Å (262 pm), which is close to the Cu–Cu separation in metallic copper. 

The two copper centers interact resulting in a diminishing of the magnetic moment such that at temperatures below 90 K, Cu2(OAc)4(H2O)2 is essentially diamagnetic. 
Cu2(OAc)4(H2O)2 was a critical step in the development of modern theories for antiferromagnetic exchange coupling, which ascribe its low-temperature diamagnetic behavior to cancellation of the two opposing spins on the adjacent copper atoms.

Copper (II) acetate’s dark green monoclinic crystal with acid acetic smell. 
Copper (II) acetate is blue green crystal powder. 
Copper (II) acetate loses water when 240℃，Copper (II) acetate is soluble in ethanol and slightly soluble in diethyl ether and glycerin.

Copper(II) acetate is a chemical compound of copper.  
Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu and atomic number 29. 
Copper is an essential elements in plants and animals as it is required for the normal functioning of more than 30 enzymes. It occurs naturally throughout the environment in rocks, soil, water, and air.
Copper(II) complexes have been evaluated for anticancer, antibacterial and antifungal activities. 

Cu(II) complexes are known to cleave DNA; however, increased efficiency is seen in the presence of an oxidizer (often H2O2). Copper (II) acetate exists in a dimeric structure in the solid state as well as in non-aqueous solution. 
Has been shown to bind the ribose hydroxyls of both purine and pyrimidine nucleosides. 

Popular methods for DNA extraction may be hindered by endogenous levels of polysaccharides, phenolics and other organic molecules.
Copper(II) acetate treatment has been shown to fix and remove tannins in samples from Pyrus (Pear) yielding high quality DNA.

Copper(II) Acetate is odorless and efflorescent. 
Copper (II) acetate is soluble in alcohol and slightly soluble in ether and glycerol. 
Copper (II) acetate is generally immediately available in most volumes. 

All metallic acetates are inorganic salts containing a metal cation and the acetate anion, a univalent (-1 charge) polyatomic ion composed of two carbon atoms ionically bound to three hydrogen and two oxygen atoms (Symbol: CH3COO) for a total formula weight of 59.05. 

Copper (II) acetate Solutions are moderate to highly concentrated liquid solutions of Copper Acetate. 
They are an excellent source of Copper (II) acetate for applications requiring solubilized materials. 
Copper (II) acetate are excellent precursors for production of ultra high purity compounds and certain catalyst and nanoscale (nanoparticles and nanopowders) materials.

USES and APPLICATIONS of COPPER (II) ACETATE:
-Today, Copper (II) acetate is used as reagents for the synthesis of various inorganic and organic compounds.
-Copper (II) acetate can be used as analytical reagent, chromatography reagent, organic synthesis catalyst, oil paint drying agent, inert ingredient. 

-Copper (II) acetate also can be used as the raw material of china and glaze.
-Copper (II) acetate are excellent precursors for production of ultra high purity compounds, catalysts, and nanoscale materials. 

-Copper (II) acetate has many applications, including as a fungicide, insecticide, Ultra High Purity (99.999%) Copper (Cu) -Acetatecatalyst for organic reactions, as well as applications in electrolysis and electroplating.
-Copper(II) Acetate Monohydrate is a versatile and cost-effective reagent that is used as a catalyst for N-monoalkylation of amino derivatives that are poor nucleophiles, and also for the synthesis of symmetrical 1,3-diynes. 

-Copper(II) Acetate is also used as a mild caustic in the medical field.
-Copper (II) acetate is used as a source of copper(II) in inorganic synthesis and as a catalyst or an oxidizing agent in organic synthesis.

-Copper (II) acetate is used as an insecticide, in the preparation of other chemicals, as a fungicide, and mildew preventive.
-Copper (II) acetate monohydrate is used in biochemical applications such as DNA extraction. 
-Cosmetic Uses:    skin conditioning

SYNTHESIS of COPPER (II) ACETATE:
Copper(II) acetate is prepared industrially by heating copper(II) hydroxide or basic copper(II) carbonate with acetic acid.
Copper(II) acetate monohydrate can be made by reacting a copper base with acetic acid.

2 CH3COOH + CuO → Cu(CH3COO)2 + H2O
2 CH3COOH + Cu(OH)2 → Cu(CH3COO)2 + H2O + 2H2O
Common vinegar can be used for this reaction, though impurities will precipitate when the solution is concentrated.

If you want to use copper metal, you will also need to add diluted hydrogen peroxide to the solution.
Anhydrous copper(II) acetate can be made by heating the monohydrate at 100 °C in a vacuum.
Copper(II) acetate can also be prepared from copper(II) hydroxide or basic copper carbonate by the addition of acetic acid followed by evaporation of the solution.

Copper(II) acetate monohydrate - Preparation Method:
Dissolve copper sulfate pentahydrate in water, filter, take sodium carbonate decahydrate and dissolve in water, slowly add copper sulfate solution, filter out the precipitate, put in water, add ammonia and stir to obtain basic copper carbonate, glacial acetic acid was then added, filtered, washed with water and dried to give the final product.

RELATED COMPOUNDS 
Heating a mixture of anhydrous copper(II) acetate and copper metal affords copper(I) acetate:

Cu + Cu(OAc)2 → 2 CuOAc
Unlike the copper(II) derivative, copper(I) acetate is colourless and diamagnetic.

"Basic copper acetate" is prepared by neutralizing an aqueous solution of copper(II) acetate. 
The basic acetate is poorly soluble. 
This material is a component of verdigris, the blue-green substance that forms on copper during long exposures to atmosphere.

USES IN CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS 
Copper(II) acetate has found some use as an oxidizing agent in organic syntheses. 
In the Eglinton reaction Cu2(OAc)4 is used to couple terminal alkynes to give a 1,3-diyne:

Cu2(OAc)4 + 2 RC≡CH → 2 CuOAc + RC≡C−C≡CR + 2 HOAc

The reaction proceeds via the intermediacy of copper(I) acetylides, which are then oxidized by the copper(II) acetate, releasing the acetylide radical. 
A related reaction involving copper acetylides is the synthesis of ynamines, terminal alkynes with amine groups using Cu2(OAc)4. 
It has been used for hydroamination of acrylonitrile.

HISTORY of COPPER (II) ACETATE:
Copper(II) acetate is the primary component of verdigris, the blue-green substance that forms on copper during long exposures to atmosphere. 
Copper (II) acetate was historically prepared in vineyards, since acetic acid is a byproduct of fermentation.

Copper sheets were alternately layered with fermented grape skins and dregs left over from wine production and exposed to air. 
This would leave a blue substance on the outside of the sheet. 

This was then scraped off and dissolved in water. 
The resulting solid was used as a pigment, or combined with arsenic trioxide to form copper acetoarsenite, a powerful insecticide and fungicide called Paris or Schweinfurt green.

SYNTHESIS of COPPER (II) ACETATE:
Copper(II) acetate has been synthesized for centuries by the method described in the history. 
This method, however, leads to an impure copper(II) acetate. 
In a laboratory, a much purer form can be synthesized in a simple three-step procedure. 
The overall reaction is as follows:

2 CuSO4.5H2O + 4 NH3 + 4 CH3COOH → Cu2(OAc)4(H2O)2 + 2 [NH4]2[SO4] + 8 H2O

The hydrate form can be dehydrated by heating at 100 °C in a vacuum:
Cu2(OAc)4(H2O)2 → Cu2(OAc)4 + 2 H2O

Heating a mixture of anhydrous Cu2(OAc)4 and copper metal affords colorless, volatile cuprous acetate:
2 Cu + Cu2(OAc)4 → 4 CuOAc

ALTERNATIVE PARENTS of COPPER (II) ACETATE:
-Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives 
-Carboxylic acids 
-Organic oxides 
-Organic copper salts 
-Hydrocarbon derivatives 
-Carbonyl compounds 

SUBSTITUENTS of COPPER (II) ACETATE:
-Acetate salt
-Organic transition metal salt
-Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
-Carboxylic acid
-Organic oxygen compound
-Organic oxide
-Hydrocarbon derivative
-Organic copper salt
-Organic salt
-Organooxygen compound
-Carbonyl group
-Aliphatic acyclic compound

COMPOUND TYPE of COPPER (II) ACETATE:    
-Copper Compound
-Industrial/Workplace Toxin
-Organic Compound
-Organometallic
-Synthetic Compound

RAW MATERIALS of COPPER (II) ACETATE:    
-Acetic acid
-Sodium carbonate
-Acetic acid
-Copper(II) carbonate basic

DOWNSTREAM PRODUCTS of COPPER (II) ACETATE:    
*3-(Methylthio)butyraldehyde
*8-hydroxyquinoline, copper(ii) salt
*netilmicin sulfate
*nabumetone

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of COPPER (II) ACETATE:
Molar mass: 181.63 g/mol (anhydrous)
            199.65 g/mol (hydrate)
Appearance: Dark green crystalline solid
Odor: Odorless (hydrate)
Density: 1.882 g/cm3 (hydrate)
Melting point: Undetermined
Boiling point: 240 °C (464 °F; 513 K)
Solubility in water    

Hydrate: 7.2 g/100 mL (cold water)
         20 g/100 mL (hot water)
Solubility: Soluble in alcohol
Slightly soluble in ether and glycerol
Refractive index (nD): 1.545 (hydrate)
Appearance Form: Crystalline powder
Color: dark green, transparent
Odor: odorless
Odor Threshold: No data available

pH: 5,2 - 5,5 at 20 g/l at 20 °C
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point: 273 °C 
Flash point: does not flash
Evaporation rate: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): The product is not flammable.
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Vapor density: No data available

Relative density: 1,92 at 21,9 °C 
Water solubility: 76,3 g/l at 20 °C completely soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water
Not applicable for inorganic substances
Autoignition temperature: 239 °C
Relative self-ignition temperature for solids
Decomposition temperature: No data available

Viscosity 
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information:
Surface tension: 72 mN/m at 1,08g/l at 21,2 °C

Appearance: Blue Crystals
Melting Point: N/A
Boiling Point: N/A
Density: 1.88 g/cm3
Solubility in H2O: N/A
Exact Mass: 180.956 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 180.956 g/mol
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00

Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 1.88200 @ 25.00 °C.
Boiling Point: 117.10 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Vapor Pressure: 13.900000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 104.00 °F. TCC ( 40.00 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): -0.285 (est)
Water Solubility: 43.7 g/L    
logP: 0.22    
logP: -0.86    
logS: -0.62    

pKa (Strongest Basic): -6.4    
Physiological Charge: 0    
Hydrogen Acceptor Count: 2    
Hydrogen Donor Count: 0    
Polar Surface Area: 52.6 Ų    
Rotatable Bond Count: 4    
Refractivity: 23.43 m³·mol⁻¹    
Polarizability: 12.22 ų    
Number of Rings: 0    
Bioavailability: 1

FIRST AID MEASURES of COPPER (II) ACETATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Consult a physician. 
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.

*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air. 
Consult a physician.

*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water. 
Consult a physician.

*In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.

*If swallowed:
Rinse mouth with water. 
Consult a physician.

-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available
 

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of COPPER (II) ACETATE:
-Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:
Use personal protective equipment.  

-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.

-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Sweep up and shovel. 

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of COPPER (II) ACETATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

-Further information: No data available

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of COPPER (II) ACETATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:

--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use safety glasses.

*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves. 
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min

Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min

-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of COPPER (II) ACETATE:
-Precautions for safe handling
*Hygiene measures:
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Store under inert gas. 

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of COPPER (II) ACETATE:
-Reactivity: No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

SYNONYMS:
Copper acetate
Copper diacetate
Copper acetate
Venus copper
Copper diacetate
Cupric acetate
basic, Copper
ethanoic acide
Cupric diacetate
Neutral verdigris
Crystals of venus
Acetic acid
cupric salt
Copper di(acetate), 
Copper(II) acetate
Crystallized verdigris
Acetic acid copper(2+) salt
Copper(2+) acetate
Cupric acetate
Copper(2+) diacetate
Acetic Acid Copper(2+) Salt Monohydrate 
Copper Acetate Monohydrate 
Acetic Acid Cupric Salt Monohydrate 
Copper Diacetate Monohydrate 
Copper(2+) Acetate Monohydrate
Copper(2+) Diacetate Monohydrate 
Crystallized Verdigris Monohydrate 
Crystals of Venus Monohydrate 
Cupric Acetate Monohydrate
Cupric Diacetate Monohydrate
Neutral Verdigris Monohydrate
Ploss Blue Monohydrate
Venus Copper Monohydrate
Copper acetate
Copper diacetate
Copper(2+) acetate
Copper(2+) diacetate
Copper(II) acetate monohydrate
Copper(II) acetic acid
Cupric acetate
Cupric diacetate