Quick Search
EC / List no.: 231-847-6
CAS no.: 7758-98-7
Mol. formula: CuO4S
Copper sulphate is an inorganic compound that combines sulfur with copper.
Copper sulphate can kill bacteria, algae, roots, plants, snails, and fungi. The toxicity of Copper sulphate depends on the copper content.
Copper is an essential mineral.
Copper sulphate can be found in the environment, foods, and water.
Copper sulphate has been registered for use in pesticide products in the United States since 1956.
What are some products that contain Copper sulphate?
Products containing Copper sulphate can be liquids, dusts, or crystals.
There are several dozen active products containing Copper sulphate on the market in the United States.
Some of these have been approved for use in organic agriculture.
How does Copper sulphate work?
Copper in Copper sulphate binds to proteins in fungi and algae.
This damages the cells causing them to leak and die.
In snails, copper disrupts the normal function of the skin cells and enzymes.
Appearance
Copper sulphate occurs as a blue crystal and, when devoid of crystallisation water, it appears as a white powder.
Solubility
Copper sulphate is soluble in water but not soluble in methanol.
Uses
Copper sulphate is a blue crystal.
If heated at a temperature of 250°C, after losing crystallisation water, it becomes a white powder.
Copper sulphate is used as a raw material for agricultural industry, for metal surface treatment and as raw material for welding. Copper sulphate 'electronic grade' is widely used in electroplating baths of high-purity copper plating.
Classification
Copper sulphate is harmful if swallowed; irritating to skin; very toxic to aquatic organisms causing long-term adverse effects to aquatic environments.
Request safety data sheet (SDS) and refer to points 4, 5, 6, 8, 10,13, 14, 15. Technical specifications are provided on request according to the application.
Chemical Properties
Cupric sulfate, a bluish crystalline powder, also known as hydrocyanite and Copper sulphate, vitriol, chalcanthite, and bluestone, is an azure blue material used in the.
Copper sulphate is used in the leather industry.
Copper sulphate is prepared by the reaction of sulfuric acid and copper.
Copper sulphate is also obtained as a by-product from copper refineries.
Chemical Properties
Copper sulphate (anhydrous form) is green or gray-white powder, whereas pentahydrate, the most commonly encountered salt, is bright blue.
The anhydrous form occurs as a rare mineral known as chalcocyanite.
Hydrated Copper sulphate occurs in nature as chalcanthite.
Copper sulphate is made by the action of sulfuric acid with a variety of copper compounds.
Copper sulphate is used in hair dyes, coloring glass, processing of leather, textiles, and in pyrotechnics as a green colorant.
Copper sulphate pentahydrate is used as a fungicide and a mixture with lime is called Bordeux mixture and is used to control fungus on grapes, melons, and other berries, as a molluscicide for the destruction of slugs and snails, particularly the snail host of the liver fl uke.
Copper sulphate is used in Fehling and Benedict’s solution to test reducing sugars
Chemical Properties
Copper sulphate is a greenish-white crystalline solid; the pentahydrate is Blue powder or granules, or ultramarine crystalline solid.
Uses:
Used as an antimicrobial and molluscicide.
Copper sulphate is also known as blue vitriol, this substance was made by the action of sulfuric acid on elemental copper.
The bright-blue crystals are soluble in water and alcohol.
Mixed with ammonia, Copper sulphate was used in liquid filters.
The most common application for Copper sulphate was combining it with potassium bromide for making copper bromide bleach for intensification and toning. Some photographers used Copper sulphate as a restrainer in ferrous sulfate developers that were used in the collodion process.
Copper sulphate is a nutrient supplement and processing aid most often used in the pentahydrate form.
This form occurs as large, deep blue or ultramarine, triclinic crystals, as blue granules, or as a light blue powder.
The ingredient is prepared by the reaction of sulfuric acid with cupric oxide or with copper metal.
May be used in infant formula.
Copper sulphate is also termed cupric sulfate.
Definition
A compound prepared as the hydrate by the action of dilute sulfuric acid on copper( II) oxide or copper(II) carbonate.
On crystallization, blue triclinic crystals of the pentahydrate (blue vitriol, CuSO4.5H2O) are formed.
Industrially copper(II) sulfate is prepared by passing air through a hot mixture of dilute sulfuric acid and scrap copper.
The solution formed is recycled until the concentration of the copper(II) sulfate is sufficient.
Copper(II) sulfate is readily soluble in water.
The monohydrate (CuSO4.H2O) is formed at 100°C and the anhydrous salt at 250°C.
Anhydrous copper( II) sulfate is white; it is extremely hygroscopic and turns blue on absorption of water.
Copper sulphate decomposes on heating to give copper(II) oxide and sulfur(VI) oxide.
Copper(II) sulfate is used as a wood preservative, a fungicide (in Bordeaux mixture), and in the dyeing and electroplating industries.
Definition
ChEBI: A metal sulfate compound having copper(2+) as the metal ion.
General Description
A white or off-white solid.
Melting point 200°C with decomposition.
Non-combustible.
Air & Water Reactions Soluble in water.
Agricultural Uses
Fungicide, Algaecide, Bactericide, Herbicide, Molluscicide: Copper sulphate is a fungicide used to control bacterial and fungal diseases of fruit, vegetable, nut, and field crops.
These diseases include mildew, leaf spots, blights, and apple scab.
Copper sulphate is used as a protective fungicide (Bordeaux mixture) for leaf application and seed treatment.
Copper sulphate is also used as an algaecide and herbicide, and to kill slugs and snails in irrigation and municipal water treatment systems.
Copper sulphate has been used to control Dutch elm disease.
Copper sulphate is available as a dust, wettable powder, or liquid concentrate.
Used as a fungicide and algaecide, in veterinary medicine and others.
Copper sulphate is also used todetect and to remove trace amounts of water from alcohols and organic compounds.
Industrial uses Copper sulphate (CuSO4·5H2O) is widely used as an activator for sphalerite, pyrite, pyrrhotite and other sulfides during processing of base metal ores.
During flotation of some silicate minerals, Copper sulphate is used as depressant, e.g. zirconium.
In manufacturing Copper sulphate, sulfuric acid and scrap copper metal are used.
The process is based on the oxidation of metal and dissolution with H2SO4 according to the following reaction:
4Cu + O2 = 2Cu2O Cu2O + H2SO4 = CuSO4 + H2O 2Cu2SO4 + 2H2SO4 + O2 = 4CuSO4 + 2H2O Usually, in mineral processing applications, Copper sulphate is delivered in crystal form.
Purification Methods
After adding 0.02g of KOH to a litre of nearly saturated aqueous solution of the sulfate, it is left for two weeks, then the precipitate is filtered on to a fibreglass filter with pore diameter of 5-15 microns.
The filtrate is heated to 90o and allowed to evaporate until some CuSO4.5H2O crystallises out.
The solution is then filtered hot and cooled rapidly to give crystals which are freed from mother liquor by filtering under suction.
Alternatively crystallise the sulfate from water (0.6mL/g) between 100o and 0o.
The pentahydrate is slowly efflorescent, losing 2H2O at 30o, two more H2O are lost at 110o and a white anhydrous powder (dessicant) is obtained on heating above 250o.
Mechanism of Action
Copper sulphate is an essential trace element for the functioning of many metalloenzymes including ceruloplasmin, ferroxidase II, lysyl oxidase, monoamine oxidase, Zn-copper superoxide dismutase, tyrosinase, dopamine-β-hydroxylase, and cytochrome-c-oxidase.
Copper sulphate is involved in erythropoiesis & leukopoiesis, bone mineralization, elastin and collagen cross-linking, oxidative phosphorylation, catecholamine metabolism, melanin formation & antioxidant protection of cells.
Cupric sulfate may also have a role in iron turnover, ascorbic acid metabolism, phospholipid metabolism, myelin formation, glucose homeostasis, and cellular immune defense.
After the metal passes through the basolateral membrane it is transported to the liver, attached to serum albumin.
The liver is the critical organ for the homeostasis of copper.
The copper is then prepared for excretion through the bile or incorporation into various proteins.
The transport of copper to the peripheral tissues is accomplished through the plasma attached to serum albumin, ceruloplasmin or low-molecular-weight complexes.
In the dermis, copper promotes dermal fibroblasts proliferation, upregulates collagen (types I, II, and V) and elastin fiber components (elastin, fibrillins) production by fibroblasts, through the induction of TGF-β, promotes heat shock protein-47, important for collagen fibril formation, serves as a cofactor of LOX enzyme required for extracellular matrix protein cross-linking, stabilizes the skin ECM once formed, as increased crosslinking of collagen and elastin matrices occurs in a copper dose dependant manner, serves as a cofactor of superoxide dismutase, an antioxidant enzyme in the skin, essential for protection against free radicals, inhibits cellular oxidative effects such as membrane damage and lipid peroxidation, acts as a cofactor of tyrosinase, a melanin biosynthesis essential enzyme responsible for skin and hair pigmentation.
In reference to its role as a biocide, copper is an essential nutrient for many organisms.
Copper sulphate acts as a cofactor in respiration, and therefore copper is required for aerobic metabolism.
Accumulation of copper ions or intracellular release of free copper ions from proteins lead to cell damage.
Copper catalyzes reactions that result in the production of hydroxyl radicals through the Fenton and Haber-Weiss reactions.
The highly reactive oxygen intermediates lead to lipid peroxidation and oxidation of proteins.
Free copper ions oxidize sulfhydryl groups, such as cysteine, in proteins or the cellular redox buffer glutathione.
In particular, copper ions inactivate proteins by damaging Fe-S clusters in cytoplasmic hydratases.
Industry Uses:
• Abrasives
• Agricultural chemicals (non-pesticidal)
• Copper Sulfate is a Micronutrient used in fertilizer blends.
• Intermediates
• Pigments
• Plating agents and surface treating agents
• Processing aids, not otherwise listed
• Solids separation agents
Consumer Uses:
• Agricultural products (non-pesticidal)
• Electrical and electronic products
• Flotation reagent.
• Metal products not covered elsewhere
• Paints and coatings
• Plastic and rubber products not covered elsewhere
• Water treatment products
• Zinc ore/mining activities
• used in products for a variety of applications for surface treatments, main market being automotive • industry.
Uses at Household Products
Household & Commercial/Institutional Products
• Home Maintenance
• Inside the Home
• Landscaping/Yard
• Pesticides
• Pet Care
General Manufacturing Information
Industry Processing Sectors
• Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting
• All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing
• All other chemical product and preparation manufacturing
• Computer and electronic product manufacturing
• Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing
• Fabricated metal product manufacturing
• Mining (except oil and gas) and support activities
• Miscellaneous manufacturing
• Other - Secondary Precious Metals Reclamers
• Pesticide, fertilizer, and other agricultural chemical manufacturing
• Primary metal manufacturing
• Soap, cleaning compound, and toilet preparation manufacturing
• Synthetic dye and pigment manufacturing
• Transportation equipment manufacturing
• Wire is electroplated with Copper for industrial hoses and beadwire
Preparation and occurrence
Copper sulphate is produced industrially by treating copper metal with hot concentrated sulfuric acid or copper oxides with dilute sulfuric acid.
For laboratory use, Copper sulphate is usually purchased.
Copper sulphate can also be produced by slowly leaching low-grade copper ore in air; bacteria may be used to hasten the process.
Commercial Copper sulphate is usually about 98% pure Copper sulphate, and may contain traces of water.
Anhydrous Copper sulphate is 39.81 percent copper and 60.19 percent sulfate by mass, and in its blue, hydrous form, it is 25.47% copper, 38.47% sulfate (12.82% sulfur) and 36.06% water by mass.
Four types of crystal size are provided based on its usage: large crystals (10–40 mm), small crystals (2–10 mm), snow crystals (less than 2 mm), and windswept powder (less than 0.15 mm).
Chemical properties
Copper sulphate pentahydrate decomposes before melting.
Copper sulphate loses two water molecules upon heating at 63 °C (145 °F), followed by two more at 109 °C (228 °F) and the final water molecule at 200 °C (392 °F).
Dehydration proceeds by decomposition of the tetraaquacopper(2+) moiety, two opposing aqua groups are lost to give a diaquacopper(2+) moiety.
The second dehydration step occurs when the final two aqua groups are lost.
Complete dehydration occurs when the final unbound water molecule is lost. At 650 °C (1,202 °F), Copper sulphate decomposes into copper(II) oxide (CuO) and sulfur trioxide (SO3).
Chemistry education
Copper sulphate is commonly included in teenager chemistry sets.
Copper sulphate is often used to grow crystals in schools and in copper plating experiments, despite its toxicity.
Copper sulphate is often used to demonstrate an exothermic reaction, in which steel wool or magnesium ribbon is placed in an aqueous solution of CuSO4.
Copper sulphate is used to demonstrate the principle of mineral hydration.
The pentahydrate form, which is blue, is heated, turning the Copper sulphate into the anhydrous form which is white, while the water that was present in the pentahydrate form evaporates.
When water is then added to the anhydrous compound, it turns back into the pentahydrate form, regaining its blue color, and is known as blue vitriol or cupric sulphate.
Copper sulphate pentahydrate can easily be produced by crystallization from solution as Copper sulphate, which is hygroscopic.
In an illustration of a "single metal replacement reaction", iron is submerged in a solution of Copper sulphate. Iron reacts producing iron(II) sulfate and copper precipitates.
Fe + CuSO4 → FeSO4 + Cu
In high school and general chemistry education, Copper sulphate is used as electrolyte for galvanic cells, usually as a cathode solution.
For example, in a zinc/copper cell, copper ion in Copper sulphate solution absorbs electron from zinc and forms metallic copper.
Uses:
As a fungicide and herbicide
Copper sulphate pentahydrate is used as a fungicide.
However, some fungi are capable of adapting to elevated levels of copper ions.
Bordeaux mixture, a suspension of Copper sulphate (CuSO4) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), is used to control fungus on grapes, melons, and other berries.
Copper sulphate is produced by mixing a water solution of Copper sulphate and a suspension of slaked lime.
Cheshunt compound, a commercial mixture of Copper sulphate and ammonium carbonate (discontinued), is used in horticulture to prevent damping off in seedlings.
As a non-agricultural herbicide, is it used to control invasive aquatic plants and the roots of plants situated near water pipes.
Copper sulphate is used in swimming pools as an algicide.
A dilute solution of Copper sulphate is used to treat aquarium fishes for parasitic infections, and is also used to remove snails from aquariums and zebra mussels from water pipes.
Copper ions are highly toxic to fish, however.
Most species of algae can be controlled with very low concentrations of Copper sulphate.
Analytical reagent
Several chemical tests utilize Copper sulphate.
Copper sulphate is used in Fehling's solution and Benedict's solution to test for reducing sugars, which reduce the soluble blue Copper sulphate to insoluble red copper(I) oxide.
Copper sulphate is also used in the Biuret reagent to test for proteins.
Copper sulphate is used to test blood for anemia.
The blood is tested by dropping it into a solution of Copper sulphate of known specific gravity – blood which contains sufficient hemoglobin sinks rapidly due to its density, whereas blood which does not sink or sinks slowly has insufficient amount of hemoglobin.
In a flame test, its copper ions emit a deep green light, a much deeper green than the flame test for barium.
Organic synthesis
Copper sulphate is employed at a limited level in organic synthesis.
The anhydrous salt is used as a dehydrating agent for forming and manipulating acetal groups.
The hydrated salt can be intimately mingled with potassium permanganate to give an oxidant for the conversion of primary alcohols.
Rayon production
Reaction with ammonium hydroxide yields Tetraammine Copper sulphate or Schweizer's reagent which was used to dissolve cellulose in the industrial production of Rayon.
Niche uses
Copper sulphate has attracted many niche applications over the centuries.
In industry Copper sulphate has multiple applications.
In printing it is an additive to book binding pastes and glues to protect paper from insect bites; in building it is used as an additive to concrete to provide water resistance and disinfectant qualities.
Copper sulphate can be used as a coloring ingredient in artworks, especially glasses and potteries.
Copper sulphate is also used in firework manufacture as a blue coloring agent, but it is not safe to mix Copper sulphate with chlorates when mixing firework powders.
Copper sulphate was once used to kill bromeliads, which serve as mosquito breeding sites.
Copper sulphate is used as a molluscicide to treat bilharzia in tropical countries.
Art
In 2008, the artist Roger Hiorns filled an abandoned waterproofed council flat in London with 75,000 liters of Copper sulphate solution.
The solution was left to crystallize for several weeks before the flat was drained, leaving crystal-covered walls, floors and ceilings.
The work is titled Seizure.
Since 2011, it has been on exhibition at the Yorkshire Sculpture Park.
Etching
Copper sulphate is used to etch zinc or copper plates for intaglio printmaking.
Copper sulphate is also used to etch designs into copper for jewelry, such as for Champlevé.
Dyeing
Copper sulphate can be used as a mordant in vegetable dyeing.
Copper sulphate often highlights the green tints of the specific dyes.
Electronics
An aqueous solution of Copper sulphate is often used as the resistive element in liquid resistors.
Medical and public health issues
Copper sulphate was used in the past as an emetic.
Copper sulphate is now considered too toxic for this use.
Copper sulphate is still listed as an antidote in the World Health Organization's Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System.
About Copper sulphate
Helpful information
Copper sulphate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 tonnes per annum.
Copper sulphate is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Biocidal Uses
Copper sulphate is approved for use as a biocide in the EEA and/or Switzerland, for: disinfection.
Consumer Uses
Copper sulphate is used in the following products: fertilisers, coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, leather treatment products, lubricants and greases, photo-chemicals, polishes and waxes, textile treatment products and dyes, washing & cleaning products, cosmetics and personal care products, adhesives and sealants, polymers and inks and toners.
Other release to the environment of Copper sulphate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).
Article service life
Release to the environment of Copper sulphate can occur from industrial use: industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal).
Other release to the environment of Copper sulphate is likely to occur from: indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment) and outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials).
Copper sulphate can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: machinery, mechanical appliances and electrical/electronic products (e.g. computers, cameras, lamps, refrigerators, washing machines).
Copper sulphate can be found in products with material based on: stone, plaster, cement, glass or ceramic (e.g. dishes, pots/pans, food storage containers, construction and isolation material), leather (e.g. gloves, shoes, purses, furniture), plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones), fabrics, textiles and apparel (e.g. clothing, mattress, curtains or carpets, textile toys) and rubber (e.g. tyres, shoes, toys).
Widespread uses by professional workers
Copper sulphate is used in the following products: fertilisers, metal surface treatment products, coating products, inks and toners, adhesives and sealants, lubricants and greases, photo-chemicals, polishes and waxes, polymers, laboratory chemicals and fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay.
Copper sulphate is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging, printing and recorded media reproduction and building & construction work.
Copper sulphate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals and mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement).
Other release to the environment of Copper sulphate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids), indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment) and outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials).
Formulation or re-packing
ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or in which chemical products the substance might be used. Release to the environment of Copper sulphate can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, in the production of articles, formulation in materials, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), in processing aids at industrial sites, as processing aid and manufacturing of the substance.
Uses at industrial sites
Copper sulphate is used in the following products: adsorbents, pH regulators and water treatment products and polymers.
Copper sulphate has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Copper sulphate is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
Copper sulphate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Copper sulphate can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, in processing aids at industrial sites, formulation of mixtures, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid and formulation in materials.
Manufacture
Release to the environment of Copper sulphate can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance, formulation of mixtures, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), formulation in materials, in processing aids at industrial sites, as processing aid and in the production of articles.
Copper sulphate, also known as copper sulphate, are the inorganic compounds with the chemical formula CuSO4(H2O)x, where x can range from 0 to 5.
The pentahydrate (x = 5) is the most common form.
Older names for this compound include blue vitriol, bluestone, vitriol of copper, and Roman vitriol.
The pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O), the most commonly encountered salt, is bright blue.
Copper sulphate exothermically dissolves in water to give the aquo complex [Cu(H2O)6]2+, which has octahedral molecular geometry.
The structure of the solid pentahydrate reveals a polymeric structure wherein copper is again octahedral but bound to four water ligands.
The Cu(II)(H2O)4 centers are interconnected by sulfate anions to form chains.
Anhydrous Copper sulphate is a light grey powder.
Copper Sulphate
Copper sulphate, blue stone, blue vitriol are all common names for pentahydrated cupric sulphate, Cu S04 5 H20, which is the best known and the most widely used of the copper salts.
Indeed it is often the starting raw material for the production of many of the other copper salts.
Today in the world there are more than 100 manufacturers and the world's consumption is around 200,000 tons per annum of which it is estimated that approximately three-quarters is used in agriculture, principally as a fungicide.
Manufacture In the production of copper sulphate virgin copper is seldom, if ever, used as the starting raw material.
Copper ores are used in countries where these are mined. For the bulk of the world's production nonferrous scrap is the general source.
The scrap is refined and the molten metal poured into water to produce roughly spherical porous pieces about the size of marbles which are termed "shot".
This shot is dissolved in dilute sulphuric acid in the presence of air to produce a hot saturated liquor which, if the traditional large crystals of copper sulphate are required, is allowed to cool slowly in large cooling vats into which strips of lead are hung to provide a surface for the crystals to grow on.
If the granulated (snow) crystal grades are desired, the cooling process is accelerated by agitating the liquor in water cooled vessels.
Other methods of production are:
By heating copper scrap with sulphur to produce copper sulphide which is then oxidised to form copper sulphate.
By heating copper sulphide ores to produce copper oxide which is then treated with sulphuric acid to form copper sulphate.
By slow leaching in air of piles of low grade ore.
Bacterial action is sometimes employed to hasten the process.
A solution of copper sulphate drains away from such heaps.
Commercially copper sulphate contains 25 % metallic copper and is sold with a guaranteed minimum purity of 98 % copper sulphate.
Copper sulphate is produced in a number of grades varying from large crystal lumps, of 25 mm or more in diameter from which it appropriately derives the name bluestone, to very fine powders of almost the fineness of talcum powder.
The four commonest grades, based on crystal diameter sizes, are:
Large crystals (from 10 mm to 40 mm)
Small crystals (from 2 mm to 10 mm)
Granulated or snow crystals (less than 2 mm)
Windswept powder (less than 0.15 mm)
Uses of Copper Sulphates
Copper sulphate is a very versatile chemical with as extensive a range of uses in industry as it has in agriculture.
Its principal employment is in agriculture, and this role is described in some detail in the next section.
Up to a generation or so ago about its only uses in industry were as a mordant for dyeing and for electroplating, but today it is being employed in many industrial processes.
The synthetic fibre industry has found an application for it in the production of their raw material.
The metal industry uses large quantities of copper sulphate as an electrolyte in copper refining, for copper coating steel wire prior to wire drawing and in various copper plating processes.
The mining industry employs it as an activator in the concentration by froth flotation of lead, zinc, cobalt and gold ores.
The printing trade takes it as an electrolyte in the production of electrotype and as an etching agent for process engraving.
The paint industry uses it in anti-fouling paints and it plays a part in the colouring of glass.
Indeed, today there is hardly an industry which does not have some small use for copper sulphate.
In Table A some of the many uses of copper sulphate are listed.
A widely used copper fungicide.
Copper sulphate has a low aqueous solubility and a low volatility.
As a heavy metal, copper itself will not degrade in the environment.
Copper sulphate is moderately toxic to mammals and most biodiversity.
Anhydrous form of copper sulfate occurs as mineral hydrocyanite.
Copper sulphate exhibits a rhombic crystalline morphology.
Copper sulphate decomposes to its oxide at temperatures above 600oC.
Hydrate of CuSO4 is prepared by the addition of dilute sulfuric acid on copper (II) oxide or copper (II) carbonate, blue triclinic crystals of pentahydrate are formed upon crystallization.
In industrial preparation of CuSO4, a hot mixture of dilute sulfuric acid and scrap copper is exposed to air flow.
Application:
This anhydrous salt may be used in the electroplating and mining industries and to preserve wood in combination chromium and arsenic.
a copper salt found naturally as chalcanthite and made by the action of sulphuric acid on copper oxide.
Copper sulphate usually exists as blue crystals of the pentahydrate that form a white anhydrous powder when heated: used as a mordant, in electroplating, and in plant sprays.
Availability: Normally a stock item.
Material: Copper Sulphate is a naturally occurring chemical compound, also known as
Copper (II) Sulphate, Bluestone or Blue Vitriol. A common salt of copper, it can be found in a variety of forms which are differentiated by their level of hydration.
In its anhydrous form, copper sulphate is a pale green or grey-white powder.
A substance is termed anhydrous if it does not contain any water.
If copper sulphate must be stored in this form, careful consideration must be taken to prevent the powder absorbing any water present in the atmosphere.
In a stark visual contrast, the more common pentahydrate form of copper sulphate is a vibrant blue.
Copper sulphate is typically produced by combining copper metal and heated concentrated sulphuric acid, or alternatively, through oxidisation with sulphuric acid.
A major application for copper sulphate is the agricultural industry.
Copper sulphate can be used in infrequent doses as a fertiliser to help correct copper deficiencies in soil, identifiable by a yellowing of plant leaves.
In addition, it works brilliantly as a preventative fungicide.
When mixed with slaked lime, copper sulphate is known as a Bordeaux Mixture.
This mix is commonly used to prevent fungus growing on for example: grapes, melons and berries.
Copper sulphate is also particularly effective against the roots of water-dwelling plants.
This makes it ideal for killing unwanted plants in places like sewers and it is used as an algaecide
in outdoor swimming pools and ponds.
What Can Copper Sulphate Be Used For?
It’s not just plants that can benefit from copper sulphate’s anti-fungus properties.
Cattle, sheep and horses can all receive foot baths containing the chemical to help prevent and treat fungus.
The toxicity of copper sulphate makes it ideal for use in anti-fouling paints.
Applied to the hulls of boats, it helps to prevent marine organisms from latching onto and slowly destroying the hull.
Applications of Copper Sulphate:
One of copper sulphate’s main applications has been in mining where it is used in the flotation process.
Froth flotation is a means of separating valuable lead, zinc, cobalt and gold ores from other materials by taking advantage of their hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties.
The aim is for the chosen material to float to the top of the mixture from where it can then be separated.
To do this, a ‘collector’ is added to make the material more or less hydrophobic/hydrophilic.
Copper sulphate is used as an activator to help the collectors absorb onto surface materials that they wouldn’t naturally be able to do.
Elsewhere within the metals industry, copper sulphate can be used in copper plating.
A common example is the copper coating of steel wiring.
Educational establishments will often use copper sulphate as part of their experiments given its versatility.
For example, it used to demonstrate exothermic reactions, grow crystals and plate copper.
One common experiment which also has real world applications, uses copper sulphate to test for water.
When the distinctive blue pentahydrate form is heated, the water evaporate and the copper sulphate takes on its white powder anhydrous form.
If water is then added in anyway, it will blue again, having reverted back to its pentahydrate form.
Copper sulphate is used as an additive in animal feed to promote growth and correct copper deficiencies in the animals.
Copper sulphate is used in a recipe of mineral pre-mixes that complement the proper feeding of livestock and poultry.
The fine crystals and free flow characteristics of our Copper Sulphate, make it ideal to combine with other nutrients, allowing animals to achieve balanced diets.
Thanks to its chemical characteristics, that include purity and copper content, as well as its physical ones, in which the crystal size is very important, we can say, that Norkem’s copper sulphate is amongst the safest, if not the safest type of copper sulphate to use for this purpose.
IUPAC NAMES:
COOPER SULPHATE
copper (2+) sulphate
Copper (II) sulfate
copper (II) sulfate
copper (II) sulfate, pentahydrate
Copper (II) Sulphate
Copper (II) sulphate
Copper (ii) sulphate
copper (II) sulphate
Copper (II) Sulphate Pentahydrate
copper (II) sulphate, monohydrate
Copper sulfate
copper sulfate
Copper Sulphate
Copper sulphate
copper sulphate
Copper Sulphate
Copper sulphate
copper sulphate
Copper Sulphate Pentahydrate
Copper sulphate pentahydrate
copper sulphate pentahydrate
Copper sulphate, pentahydrate
Copper sulphateCopper (II) sulfateCuSO4
Copper(2+) sulfate
copper(2+) sulfate
Copper(II) sulfate
copper(II) sulfate
Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate
Copper(II) sulfate, pentahydrate
copper(II) sulphate
copper(II) sulphate pentahydrate
copper-sulphate-
copper;sulfate
copper;sulfate;pentahydrate
coppersulphate
cupric sulfate
CuSO4.5H2O
dicopper(1+) sulfate
GFU Copper sulphate C_L
Kupfer(II)sulfat Pentahydrat
solfato di rame
Sulfato de cobre (II) pentahidratado
tetracopperhexahyrdoxide sulphate semi hydrate
SYNONYMS:
Coppersulfateanhydrousgreenpowder
COPPER SULPHATE (FEED GRADE)
Copper(II)sulfateanhydrous,98%
Copper(II) sulfate, anhydrous, for analysis, 98+%
Copper(II) sulfate, anhydrous, pure, 98%
Copper(II) sulfate anhydrous, extra pure, Ph Eur, USP, BP
"Copper(II) sulfate, anhydrous/ 97+%"
Copper(II) sulfate,Cupric sulfate
Fehling’s reagent (A)
Copper(II) sulfate solution 4
Copper(II) sulfate, anhydrous, for analysis, 98+% 100GR
Copper(II) sulfate, anhydrous, pure, 98% 100GR
Copper(II) sulfate, anhydrous, pure, 98% 500GR
Copper(II) sulfate, anhydrous, pure, 98% 5GR
COPPER SULPHATE CRYSTALS/ FINE POWDER
Copper(Ⅱ) sulfate anhydrous
COPPER(II) SULFATE SOLUTION 0,1 MOL/L, 0 ,1 M VOLUMETRIC SOLUTION
COPPER(II) SULFATE ANHYDROUS, EXTRA PURE , DAB, PH. EUR., B. P., U. S. P.
COPPER(II) SULFATE, REAGENTPLUS TM, >= 99%
Copper sulfate standard solution 0.2 mol/l, volumetric solution
FEHLINGS REAGENS I FOR SUGARS
FEHLING'S SOLUTION FOR THE DETER-MINATIO N OF SUGAR, REAG. PH. EUR. I. COPPER SU
Copper(II) sulfate, anhydrous, powder, 99.99+% metals basis
COPPER(II) SULPHATE SOLUTION 13% &
COPPER(II) SULFATE 9 WT. % ON NEUTRAL &
CUPRIC SULFATE STD SOLUTION 0.2 MOL/L N54, 1 L
CupricSulphateAnhydrousGr
Copper(Ii)SulphateAnhydrousBp
CopperSulphateDried
Copper(Ii)SulphateA.R.
COPPER(II) SULFATE ANHYDROUS FOR ANALYSI
Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate, 98.0-102%
Copper(II) sulfate anhydrous, powder, >=99.99% trace Metals basis
Copper(II) sulfate puriss. p.a., anhydrous, >=99.0% (RT)
Copper(II) sulfate puriss., meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, USP, anhydrous, 99-100.5% (based on anhydrous substance)
Copper(II) sulfate ReagentPlus(R), >=99%
Copper(II) sulfate solution 4 % (w/v) (prepared from copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate)
FEHLING'S REAGENT, SOLUTION A (CONCENTR
BLUE VITRIOL
FEHLING'S SOLUTION
FEHLING'S SOLUTION A
FEHLINGS SOLUTION, COPPER A
FEHLING'S SOLUTION NO 1
FEHLING'S REAGENT SOLUTION(A)
FEHLING'S REAGENT I
FEHLING'S REAGENT I FOR SUGARS
FEHLING A SOLUTION
FEHLING SOLUTION B
FEHLING SOLUTION B, ALKALINE
FEHLING-SOXHLET SOLUTION A (COPPER)
FEHLING'S ALKALINE SOLUTION
FEHLING'S COPPER SOLUTION
FEHLING SOLUTION A
FEHLING SOLUTION A, COPPER
FISHERTAB TT-35 KJELDAHL TABLETS
FISHERTAB TT-43 KJELDAHL TABLETS
FISHERTAB TT-50 KJELDAHL TABLETS
FISHERTAB TT-57 KJELDAHL TABLETS
Copper sulfate
7758-98-7
CUPRIC SULFATE
Copper(II) sulfate
Copper sulphate
Cupric sulfate anhydrous
Copper(2+) sulfate
Cupricsulfate
Copper(ii) sulfate, anhydrous
Blue stone
Copper monosulfate
Copper II sulfate
copper;sulfate
CuSO4
Copper(2+) sulphate
Sulfuric acid copper(2+) salt (1:1)
Copper sulfate (1:1)
COPPERSULFATE
UNII-KUW2Q3U1V
MFCD00010981
copper(II) sulphate
10124-44-4
18939-61-2
Copper (II) sulphate
KUW2Q3U1VV
Copper(II) sulfate solution
Fehling A solution
Hyline
Trinagle
Delcup
Cupric sulphate
Monocopper sulfate
Incracide 10A
BCS copper fungicide
Blue copper (VAN)
Bonide Root Destroyer
Copper Sulfate Powder
Kupfersulfat [German]
All Clear Root Destroyer
Snow Crystal Copper Sulfate
Sulfate de cuivre [French]
Aqua Maid Permanent Algaecide
Copper(II) sulfate, 98%, pure, anhydrous
CCRIS 3665
HSDB 916
Copper(2+) sulfate (1:1)
Granular Crystals Copper Sulfate
Sulfuric acid, copper(2+) salt
MAC 570
Bluestone copper sulfate
Copper sulfate, anhydrous
Copper(II) sulfate, 98+%, for analysis, anhydrous
Tobacco States Brand Copper Sulfate
EINECS 231-847-6
Phelps Triangle Brand Copper Sulfate
NSC 57630
Sulfuric acid, copper salt
Sulfuric acid, copper(2+) salt (1:?)
Copper (II) Sulfate Anhydrous
Sa-50 Brand Copper Sulfate Granular Crystals
Aquatronics Snail-A-Cide Dri-Pac Snail Powder
Copper monosulphate
copper(II)sulphate
copper(II)-sulfate
EINECS 242-692-9
CuO4S
Copper Sulfate Chelate
CuSO4 copper sulphate
Copper (11) sulfate
Copper( cento) sulfate
Cupric sulphate anhydrous
Cupric sulfate, anhydrous
Bluestone, Cupric Sulfate
Cupric sulphate, anhydrous
ACMC-20d8h5
1332-14-5
Sulfuric acid copper(2+)salt
DTXSID6034479
CHEBI:23414
CS-B1716
AKOS015902901
DB06778
BP-2035
FisherTab™ CT-37 Kjeldahl Tablets
FisherTab™ CT-50 Kjeldahl Tablets
FisherTab™ TT-35 Kjeldahl Tablets
FisherTab™ TT-43 Kjeldahl Tablets
FisherTab™ TT-50 Kjeldahl Tablets
FisherTab™ TT-57 Kjeldahl Tablets
K358
FisherTab™ CT-AUTO Kjeldahl Tablets
FT-0624048
SULFURIC ACID, COPPERSALT (8CI,9CI)
C18713
cupric sulphate, copper sulphate, cupric sulfate
A923422
Q107184
SR-01000944582
SR-01000944582-1
