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D-panthenol %99 belongs to a derivative of pantothenic acid (vitamin B5).
D-panthenol %99 can penetrate the skin and mucous membrane to be quickly oxidized to pantothenic acid.
The later one is extremely hygroscopic and binds water effectively.
CAS: 81-13-0
MF: C9H19NO4
MW: 205.25
EINECS: 201-327-3
Synonyms
4-dihydroxy-n-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3,3-dimethyl-(theta)-butanamid;4-dihydroxy-n-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3,3-dimethyl-d-(+)-butyramid;Alcopan-250;Bepanthen;Bepanthene;Bepantol;Butanamide, 2,4-dihydroxy-N-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3,3-dimethyl-;Butanamide, 2,4-dihydroxy-N-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3,3-dimethyl-, (R)-
Therefore, D-panthenol %99 can be used as a moisturizer.
D-panthenol %99 is added to pharmaceutical and cosmetic products to relieve itching and improve wound healing.
In ointments, D-panthenol %99 can be used for the treatment of sunburns, mild burns, minor skin injuries and disorders.
D-panthenol %99 is also immediately applied after major abdominal surgery to minimize the possibility of paralytic ileus.
In addition, D-panthenol %99 can also be supplemented into the commercial shampoos and hair conditioners to lubricate the hair shaft and give the hair a shiny appearance.
The exact mechanism of action of D-panthenol %99 is still unclear, perhaps through its enhancing effect on acetylcholine.
D-panthenol %99 is a monocarboxylic acid amide that is 3,3-dimethylbutanamide substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 4 and a 3-hydroxypropyl group at the carbomyl nitrogen.
D-panthenol %99 has a role as a cholinergic drug and a provitamin.
D-panthenol %99 is an amino alcohol and a monocarboxylic acid amide.
D-panthenol %99 is an alcohol analog of pantothenic acid and an important component of parenterals, local cosmetic preparations and multi-vitamins.
D-panthenol %99 has as much biological activity as pantothenic acid and is found to be stable in aqueous solution.
Pharmaceutical secondary standards for application in quality control, provide pharma laboratories and manufacturers with a convenient and cost-effective alternative to the preparation of in-house working standards.
D-panthenol %99 is the alcohol analog of pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), and is thus a provitamin of B5.
In organisms, D-panthenol %99 is quickly oxidized to pantothenic acid.
D-panthenol %99 is a viscous transparent liquid at room temperature.
D-panthenol %99 is used in pharmaceutical and children's products as a moisturizer and to hasten wound healing.
D-panthenol %99 readily penetrates into the skin and mucous membranes (including the intestinal mucosa), where it is quickly oxidized to pantothenic acid.
D-panthenol %99 is extremely hygroscopic.
D-panthenol %99 is also used in the biosynthesis of coenzyme A, which plays a role in a wide range of enzymatic reactions and in cell growth.
D-panthenol %99 is generally well tolerated.
In rare cases, skin irritation and contact allergies have been reported.
D-panthenol %99 is the alcohol analog of pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), and is thus a provitamin of B5.
In organisms, D-panthenol %99 is quickly oxidized to pantothenic acid.
D-panthenol %99 is a viscous transparent liquid at room temperature.
D-panthenol %99 is used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products as a moisturizer and to improve wound healing.
D-panthenol %99 is an odourless, slightly bitter, highly viscous, transparent, and colourless liquid at room temperature, but salts of pantothenic acid (for example sodium pantothenate) are powders that are typically white.
D-panthenol %99 is easily soluble in water and alcohol, moderately soluble in diethyl ether, soluble in chloroform (1:100), in propylene glycol, and slightly soluble in glycerin.
D-panthenol %99 Chemical Properties
Melting point: 64～69℃
Alpha: 30.5 º (c=5, H2O on anh. sub)
Boiling point: 118-120 °C (2.7 mmHg)
Density: 1.20 g/mL at 20 °C (lit.)
Vapor pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
Refractive index: 1.495-1.502
Fp: 118-120°C/0.02m
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
Solubility: DMSO (Sparingly), Methanol (Slightly), Water (Sparingly)
pka: 13.03±0.20(Predicted)
Form: Viscous Liquid or Semi Solid
Color: Clear colorless to slightly yellow
PH: pH (100g/l,25℃) : 8.5～10.5
Optical activity: [α]20/D +30±1°, c = 5% in H2O
Biological source:synthetic
Water Solubility: soluble
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Merck: 14,2947
BRN: 1724947
InChIKey: SNPLKNRPJHDVJA-ZETCQYMHSA-N
LogP: -1.06 at 22℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 81-13-0(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: D-panthenol %99(81-13-0)
EPA Substance Registry System: D-panthenol %99 (81-13-0)
D-panthenol %99 is an odourless, slightly bitter, highly viscous, transparent, and colourless liquid at room temperature, but salts of pantothenic acid (for example sodium pantothenate) are powders that are typically white.
D-panthenol %99 is easily soluble in water and alcohol, moderately soluble in diethyl ether, soluble in chloroform (1:100), in propylene glycol, and slightly soluble in glycerin.
D-panthenol %99's expanded chemical formula is HO–CH2–C(CH3)2–CH(OH)–CONH–CH2CH2CH2–OH.
Stereochemistry
D-panthenol %99 comes in two enantiomers: D, and L.
Only D-panthenol %99 is biologically active, however both forms have moisturizing properties.
For cosmetic use, panthenol comes either in D form, or as a racemic mixture of D and L (DL-panthenol).
Uses
D-panthenol %99 may be used as an analytical reference standard for the determination of the analyte in pharmaceutical formulations by various chromatography techniques as well as partial least-squares multivariate calibration.
D-panthenol %99 is an analogue of pantothenic acid (P190300), a member of the B complex vitamins.
D-panthenol %99 is the biologically active enantiomer of Panthenol.
Manufacturing Process
130 parts by weight of d(-)-α-hydroxy-β,β-dimethyl-gamma-butyric acid lactone are dissolved in 150 parts by volume of methyl alcohol.
75 parts by weight of 3-hydroxypropylamine are added, in one portion, to the solution and the mixture is well stirred.
While the reaction sets in, the temperature of the mixture gradually rises by itself to about 50°C and then drops again after about two hours.
To cause completion of the reaction, the mixture is allowed to stand at room temperature for 24 hours.
The so obtained (d+)-α,γdihydroxy-β,β-dimethyl-butyric-acid-(3'-hydroxypropyl)-amide is freed from methyl alcohol in vacuo.
D-panthenol %99 is a colorless, viscous oil, easily soluble in water.
D-panthenol %99 boils under a pressure of 0.02 mm between 118° and 120°C.
Biochem/physiol Actions
D-panthenol %99 is the alcohol analogue and biological precursor of D-pantothenic acid.
These analogues are precursors in the biosynthesis of coenzyme A.
D-panthenol %99 and D-Pantothenic acid are used in a variety of skin protection products.
D-panthenol %99 may have a role in controlling keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation.
D-panthenol %99 may be used for studies of skin protection emulsions from UV irradiation and as a humectant.
Contact allergens
D-panthenol %99 is the alcohol corresponding to pantothenic acid, of the vitamin B5 group.
D-panthenol %99 is used as a food additive, and in skin and hair products as a conditioning agent.
Contact dermatitis and urticaria have been reported.
