PRODUCTS

DIETHYL CARBONATE

CAS NO.: 105-58-8
EC/LIST NO.: 203-311-1

Diethyl carbonate (sometimes abbreviated DEC) is an ester of carbonic acid and ethanol with the formula OC(OCH2CH3)2.
At room temperature (25 °C) diethyl carbonate is a clear liquid with a low flash point.

Diethyl carbonate is used as a solvent such as in erythromycin intramuscular injections.
Diethyl carbonate can be used as a component of electrolytes in lithium batteries.
Diethyl carbonate has been proposed as a fuel additive to support cleaner diesel fuel combustion because its high boiling point might reduce blended fuels' volatility, minimizing vapor buildup in warm weather that can block fuel lines.
As a fuel additive, it can also reduce emissions CO2 and other particulates.

Diethyl carbonate appears as a colorless liquid with a mild pleasant odor.
Diethyl carbonate is slightly less dense than water and insoluble in water.
Hence floats on water.
Flash point 77°F. Vapors are heavier than air.
When heated to high temperatures it may emit acrid smoke. Used as a solvent.

Diethyl carbonate (DEC) is a well-known linear organic carbonate that has wide applications.
Besides its use as a fuel additive, DEC is an excellent electrolyte for lithium ion batteries and is used for the production of polycarbonates, which are globally used engineering plastics.
The synthesis of DEC from CO2 helps in CO2 mitigation.
Diethyl carbonate was earlier synthesized by phosgenation of ethanol, which is a toxic and dangerous process.

Diethyl carbonate is esters, beta-enamino esters, carbamates and unsymmetrical alkyl carbonates.
Diethyl carbonate is an active component of electrolytes used in lithium which is used as a solvent for cellulose ethers, nitro cellulose, natural and synthetic resin and in erythromycin intramuscular injections.
Diethyl carbonate is also used in the synthesis of 3-ethyl-4-methyl-5-phenyl-3H-oxazol-2-one, phenobarbital, pyrethrum batteries

Diethyl Pyrocarbonate (DEPC) is a chemical use to inactivate RNase enzymes and is sensitive to moisture and pH.
Diethyl carbonate decomposes at 155°C, to ethanol and carbon dioxide in aqueous solution.
Diethyl carbonate is also sensitive to ammonia, which causes decomposition to urethane, a possible carcinogen.

Diethyl carbonate belongs to the class of organic compounds known as carbonic acid diesters.
Carbonic acid diesters are compounds comprising the carbonic acid diester functional group.
Diethyl carbonate is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa).
These are organic compounds containing exactly two carboxylic acid groups.

Diethyl carbonate (DEC) has been produced by the oxidative carbonylation of ethanol in the gas phase over a heterogeneous CuCl2/PdCl2 catalyst supported on activated carbon.
Yields of DEC with this catalyst are approximately 10 wt % with the byproducts diethoxymethane, ethyl formate, and acetaldehyde also formed in significantly lower yields.
Treatment of the catalyst immediately after preparation with potassium hydroxide enhances the production of DEC almost 2-fold without increasing the amount of byproducts formed.
The reactions that form DEC and the byproducts occur in a parallel, rather than a sequential, manner indicating that it should be possible to identify a catalyst which is more selective for DEC.

Diethyl carbonate (DEC) is a versatile chemical with several commercial uses.
The synthesis of DEC from carbon dioxide and ethanol is both environmentally friendly and can be integrated into the ethanol biorefinery. A thermodynamic evaluation was made to predict the amount of DEC produced at equilibrium at the reaction conditions used in this work.

Diethyl carbonate is a colorless liquid with a mild pleasant odor.
Diethyl carbonate is slightly less dense than water and insoluble in water; hence floats on water.
Vapors are heavier than air. When heated to high temperatures it may emit acrid smoke.

Diethyl carbonate (DEC) is a carbonate ester of carbonic acid and ethanol.
Diethyl carbonate is a high quality solvent and textile auxiliary agent.
Diethyl carbonate (DEC) has found wide applications as ethylating and carbonylating reagents in organic synthesis.
Diethyl carbonate is also used as solvents of nitro-cotton, cellulose ether, synthetic resin and natural resin in the textile printing and dyeing industry.

Boiling point : 126 °C (1013 hPa)
Density : 0.975 g/cm3
Explosion limit : 1.4 - 11.0 %(V)
Flash point : 25 °C
Ignition temperature : 445 °C
Melting Point : -43 °C
pH value : 6.3 (1 g/l, H₂O)
Vapor pressure : 79 hPa (37.8 °C)
Solubility : 18.8 mg/l insoluble

Water Solubility : 44.5 g/L
logP : 10(0.86) g/L
logP : 10(1.26) g/L
logS : 10(-0.42) g/L
pKa (Strongest Basic) : -5.6
Physiological Charge : 0
Hydrogen Acceptor Count   : 2
Hydrogen Donor Count   : 0
Polar Surface Area   : 35.53 Å²
Rotatable Bond Count   : 4
Refractivity   : 28.53 m³·mol⁻¹
Polarizability   : 12.31 Å³
Number of Rings : 0
Bioavailability   : Yes
Rule of Five   : Yes
Ghose Filter   : No
Veber's Rule   :Yes
MDDR-like Rule   : No

Diethyl carbonate can be made by reacting phosgene with ethanol, producing hydrogen chloride as a byproduct.
Because chloroform can react with oxygen to form phosgene, chloroform can be stabilized for storage by adding 1 part (by mass) of ethanol to 100 parts (by mass) of chloroform, so that any phosgene that forms is converted into diethyl carbonate.

2 CH3CH2OH + COCl2 → CO3(CH2CH3)2 + 2HCl

Diethyl carbonate can also be made by the alcoholysis of urea with ethanol.
This reaction requires a heterogeneous catalysis that can act both as a Lewis acid and a base, such as various metal oxides.
The reaction proceeds via the formation of the intermediary ethyl carbamate.

Diethyl carbonate (DEC) is generally used in the C-alkoxycarbonylation of enolate anions, aryl and alkyl cyanides.
Diethyl carbonate reacts with 1,2-amino alcohols to yield corresponding 2-oxazolidinones.
Additionally, DEC is also used as a component of electrolyte solution in lithium ion batteries.

Diethyl pyrocarbonate has been used in PCR reaction for treating deionized water, which reduces the risk of RNA being degraded by RNases.
Diethyl carbonate is also used for Dot blot hybridization, to dilute total RNA isolated from different micro-organisms.
Modification reagent for His and Tyr residues in proteins.
Robust probe for structural disruptions in dsDNA, reacting with fully or partially unstacked bases.

Ethylating and carbonylating reagents in organic synthesis.
Diethyl carbonate is also used as solvents of nitro-cotton, cellulose ether, synthetic resin and natural resin in the textile printing and dyeing industry.
can make dyeing uniformity and increase fading quality against sunshine
solvent of polyamide, polyacrylonitrile and diphenol resin and it can improve feel of the textiles and anti-crease quality in the synthetic fiber industry.
paint remover in the paint industry; in the plastic process it is the solvent if plasticizer or can be used as solvent of plasticizer directly or can be used as plasticizer directly.
Diethyl carbonate is used to be prepare the electrolyte in the capacitor battery and lithium battery

IUPAC NAME:

Carbonic acid, diethyl ester

Diethilcarbonate

Diethyl Carbonate

Diethyl carbonate

SYNONYMS:

105-58-8
203-311-1
Carbonate de diéthyle
Carbonic acid, diethyl ester
DEC
Diaethylcarbonat
Diethyl carbonate
diethyl ester
Diethylcarbonat
Diethylester kyseliny uhlicite