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DIMETHICONE 100

Dimethicone 100 are light silicone oils with different viscosities. Dimeticone, like most silicones used in personal care products, creates a hydrophobic protective film on the skin. Dimethicone 100 is preferred in order to facilitate the lubrication and spread of creams, lotions and bath products on the skin. It reduces the saponification appearance and stickiness that may occur during the spreading of products such as creams on the skin, and provides lubrication and softness.

CAS NUMBER: 63148-62-9

SYNONYM:
Polydimethylsiloxane; PDMS; Poly(dimethylsiloxane); dimethylpolysiloxane; dimethylsilicone fluid; dimethylsilicone oil; dimethicone; INS No. 900a; 9006-65-9; DIMETHYL POLYSILOXANE; DIMETHYLPOLYSILOXANE; POLY(DIMETHYLSILOXANE); POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE; OCTAMETHYLTRISILOXANE; Polydimethylsiloksane; 107-51-7; DIMETHICONE; Trisiloxane; octamethyl-; Dimeticone; Poly(dimethylsiloxane); Dimethicones; Dimethicone 350; 1,1,1,3,3,5,5,5-Octamethyltrisiloxane; Sentry Dimethicone; dimeticonum; Dimeticona; Polysilane; Viscasil 5M; dimethyl-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)silane; UNII-9G1ZW13R0G; Mirasil DM 20; CCRIS 3198; 63148-62-9; Dow Corning 1664; Belsil DM 1000; Dimeticonum; EINECS 203-497-4; Dimeticona; Dimethicone 350; 9G1ZW13R0G; CCRIS 3957; CHEBI:9147; HSDB 1808; Trisilo; xane; 1,1,1,3,3,5,5,5-octamethyl-; Dimethylbis(trimethylsilyloxy)silane; Dimethyl polysiloxane bis(trimethylsilyl)-terminated; MFCD00084411; DC 1664; Dimethyl polysiloxane; dimethyl-terminated

Dimethicone 100, also known as dimethylpolysiloxane or Dimethicone 100, belongs to a group of polymeric organosilicon compounds that are commonly referred to as silicones. Dimethicone 100 is the most widely used silicon-based organic polymer due to its versatility and properties leading to a manifold of applications. Dimethicone 100 is particularly known for its unusual rheological (or flow) properties. Dimethicone 100 is optically clear and, in general, inert, non-toxic, and non-flammable. Dimethicone 100 is one of several types of silicone oil (polymerized siloxane). Dimethicone 100’s applications range from contact lenses and medical devices to elastomers; Dimethicone 100 is also present in shampoos (as Dimethicone 100 makes hair shiny and slippery), food (antifoaming agent), caulking, lubricants and heat-resistant tiles. The polymerization reaction evolves hydrochloric acid. For medical and domestic applications, a process was developed in which the chlorine atoms in the silane precursor were replaced with acetate groups. In this case, the polymerization produces acetic acid, which is less chemically aggressive than HCl. As a side-effect, the curing process is also much slower in this case. The acetate is used in consumer applications, such as silicone caulk and adhesives.

Silane precursors with more acid-forming groups and fewer methyl groups, such as methyltrichlorosilane, can be used to introduce branches or cross-links in the polymer chain. Under ideal conditions, each molecule of such a compound becomes a branch point. Dimethicone 100 can be used to produce hard silicone resins. In a similar manner, precursors with three methyl groups can be used to limit molecular weight, since each such molecule has only one reactive site and so forms the end of a siloxane chain. Well-defined Dimethicone 100 with a low polydispersity index and high homogeneity is produced by controlled anionic ring-opening polymerization of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane. Using this methodology Dimethicone 100 is possible to synthesize linear block copolymers, heteroarm star-shaped block copolymers and many other macromolecular architectures. The polymer is manufactured in multiple viscosities, ranging from a thin pourable liquid (when n is very low), to a thick rubbery semi-solid (when n is very high). Dimethicone 100 molecules have quite flexible polymer backbones (or chains) due to their siloxane linkages, which are analogous to the ether linkages used to impart rubberiness to polyurethanes. Such flexible chains become loosely entangled when molecular weight is high, which results in Dimethicone 100 ' unusually high level of viscoelasticity.

Dimethicone 100 is viscoelastic, meaning that at long flow times (or high temperatures), Dimethicone 100 acts like a viscous liquid, similar to honey. However, at short flow times (or low temperatures), Dimethicone 100 acts like an elastic solid, similar to rubber. Viscoelasticity is a form of nonlinear elasticity that is common amongst noncrystalline polymers. The loading and unloading of a stress-strain curve for Dimethicone 100 do not coincide; rather, the amount of stress will vary based on the degree of strain, and the general rule is that increasing strain will result in greater stiffness. When the load itself is removed, the strain is slowly recovered (rather than instantaneously). This time-dependent elastic deformation results from the long-chains of the polymer. But the process that is described above is only relevant when cross-linking is present; when Dimethicone 100 is not, the polymer Dimethicone 100 cannot shift back to the original state even when the load is removed, resulting in a permanent deformation. However, permanent deformation is rarely seen in Dimethicone 100, since Dimethicone 100 is almost always cured with a cross-linking agent.

If some Dimethicone 100 is left on a surface overnight (long flow time), Dimethicone 100 will flow to cover the surface and mold to any surface imperfections. However, if the same Dimethicone 100 is poured into a spherical mold and allowed to cure (short flow time), Dimethicone 100 will bounce like a rubber ball. The mechanical properties of Dimethicone 100 enable this polymer to conform to a diverse variety of surfaces. Since these properties are affected by a variety of factors, this unique polymer is relatively easy to tune. This enables Dimethicone 100 to become a good substrate that can easily be integrated into a variety of microfluidic and microelectromechanical systems. Specifically, the determination of mechanical properties can be decided before Dimethicone 100 is cured; the uncured version allows the user to capitalize on myriad opportunities for achieving a desirable elastomer. Generally, the cross-linked cured version of Dimethicone 100 resembles rubber in a solidified form. Dimethicone 100 is widely known to be easily stretched, bent, compressed in all directions. Depending on the application and field, the user is able to tune the properties based on what is demanded.

Overall Dimethicone 100 has a low elastic modulus which enables it to be easily deformed and results in the behavior of a rubber. Viscoelastic properties of Dimethicone 100 can be more precisely measured using dynamic mechanical analysis. This method requires determination of the material's flow characteristics over a wide range of temperatures, flow rates, and deformations. Because of Dimethicone 100's chemical stability, Dimethicone 100 is often used as a calibration fluid for this type of experiment. The shear modulus of Dimethicone 100 varies with preparation conditions, and consequently dramatically varies in the range of 100 kPa to 3 MPa.
Dimethicone 100 is hydrophobic. Plasma oxidation can be used to alter the surface chemistry, adding silanol (SiOH) groups to the surface. Atmospheric air plasma and argon plasma will work for this application. This treatment renders the Dimethicone 100 surface hydrophilic, allowing water to wet Dimethicone 100. The oxidized surface can be further functionalized by reaction with trichlorosilanes. After a certain amount of time, recovery of the surface's hydrophobicity is inevitable, regardless of whether the surrounding medium is vacuum, air, or water; the oxidized surface is stable in air for about 30 minutes. Alternatively, for applications where long-term hydrophilicity is a requirement, techniques such as hydrophilic polymer grafting, surface nanostructuring, and dynamic surface modification with embedded surfactants can be of use.

Dimethicone 100 samples (whether surface-oxidized or not) will not allow aqueous solvents to infiltrate and swell the material. Thus Dimethicone 100 structures can be used in combination with water and alcohol solvents without material deformation. However most organic solvents will diffuse into the material and cause Dimethicone 100 to swell. Despite this, some organic solvents lead to sufficiently small swelling that they can be used with Dimethicone 100, for instance within the channels of Dimethicone 100 microfluidic devices. The swelling ratio is roughly inversely related to the solubility parameter of the solvent. Diisopropylamine swells Dimethicone 100 to the greatest extent; solvents such as chloroform, ether, and THF swell the material to a large extent. Solvents such as acetone, 1-propanol, and pyridine swell the material to a small extent. Alcohols and polar solvents such as methanol, glycerol and water do not swell the material appreciably.

Dimethicone 100 is a common surfactant and is a component of defoamers. Dimethicone 100, in a modified form, is used as an herbicide penetrant and is a critical ingredient in water-repelling coatings, such as Rain-X. Dimethicone 100 Hydraulic fluids and related applications Dimethicone 100 is also the active silicone fluid in automotive viscous limited slip differentials and couplings. This is usually a non-serviceable component but can be replaced with mixed performance results due to variances in effectiveness caused by refill weights or non-standard pressurizations. Dimethicone 100 is commonly used as a stamp resin in the procedure of soft lithography, making it one of the most common materials used for flow delivery in microfluidics chips. The process of soft lithography consists of creating an elastic stamp, which enables the transfer of patterns of only a few nanometers in size onto glass, silicon or polymer surfaces. With this type of technique, Dimethicone 100 is possible to produce devices that can be used in the areas of optic telecommunications or biomedical research. The stamp is produced from the normal techniques of photolithography or electron-beam lithography. The resolution depends on the mask used and can reach 6 nm.

In biomedical (or biological) microelectromechanical systems, soft lithography is used extensively for microfluidics in both organic and inorganic contexts. Silicon wafers are used to design channels, and Dimethicone 100 is then poured over these wafers and left to harden. When removed, even the smallest of details is left imprinted in the Dimethicone 100. With this particular Dimethicone 100 block, hydrophilic surface modification is conducted using plasma etching techniques. Plasma treatment disrupts surface silicon-oxygen bonds, and a plasma-treated glass slide is usually placed on the activated side of the Dimethicone 100 (the plasma-treated, now hydrophilic side with imprints). Once activation wears off and bonds begin to reform, silicon-oxygen bonds are formed between the surface atoms of the glass and the surface atoms of the Dimethicone 100, and the slide becomes permanently sealed to the Dimethicone 100, thus creating a waterproof channel. With these devices, researchers can utilize various surface chemistry techniques for different functions creating unique lab-on-a-chip devices for rapid parallel testing. Dimethicone 100 can be cross-linked into networks and is a commonly used system for studying the elasticity of polymer networks.[citation needed] Dimethicone 100 can be directly patterned by surface-charge lithography. Dimethicone 100 is being used in the making of synthetic gecko adhesion dry adhesive materials, to date only in laboratory test quantities. Some flexible electronics researchers use Dimethicone 100 because of its low cost, easy fabrication, flexibility, and optical transparency.

In stereo lithography (SLA) 3D printing, light is projected onto photocuring resin to selectively cure it. Some types of SLA printer are cured from the bottom of the tank of resin and therefore require the growing model to be peeled away from the base in order for each printed layer to be supplied with a fresh film of uncured resin. A Dimethicone 100 layer at the bottom of the tank assists this process by absorbing oxygen : the presence of oxygen adjacent to the resin prevents Dimethicone 100 adhering to the Dimethicone 100 , and the optically clear Dimethicone 100 permits the projected image to pass through to the resin undistorted. Activated Dimethicone 100, a mixture of polydimethylsiloxanes and silicon dioxide (sometimes called simethicone), is often used in over-the-counter drugs as an antifoaming agent and carminative. Dimethicone 100 has also been at least proposed for use in contact lenses. Silicone breast implants are made out of a Dimethicone 100 elastomer shell, to which fumed amorphous silica is added, encasing Dimethicone 100 gel or saline solution. In addition, Dimethicone 100 is useful as a lice or flea treatment because of its ability to trap insects. Dimethicone 100 also works as a moisturizer that is lighter and more breathable than typical oils.

IUPAC NAME:
Baysilon; dimethyl silicone; Dimethyl siloxane; dimethyl siloxane; dimethyl(oxo)silane; dimethyl; bis(trimethylsilyloxy)silane; Dimethylpolysiloxane; Polidimetylosiloksan; Poly dimethyl siloxanes; poly(dimethylsilooxane); Poly(dimethylsiloxane); poly(dimethylsiloxane); Polydimethyisiloxane;;; POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE; Polydimethylsiloxane; Polydimethylsiloxane,linear; Polydimetylsiloxan; Silicon oil; Siloxane, dimethyl; Siloxanes and Silicones, di-Me; Siloxanes and Silicones, di-Me(Polydimethylsiloxanes(PDMS))

TRADE NAME:
Dimethicon; Dimethylpolysiloxane; Dimethylpolysiloxane Hydrolyzate (Silicone Oil); KF96; Poly[oxy(dimethylsilylene)], α-[trimethylsilyl]-ω-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]; Polydimethyisiloxane; Polydimethylsiloxan; Polydimethylsiloxane; Polydimethylsiloxane "Silicone Silbione fluids; Polydimethysiloxane Polymer; Polydimetylsiloxan; Silicone oil

OTHER NAME:
12648-49-6; 12684-12-7; 1471301-69-5; 1669409-87-3; 1669410-33-6; 167748-54-1; 2028348-45-8; 2161362-23-6; 37221-45-7; 39476-41-0; 53125-20-5; 63148-62-9

Dimethicone 100 is used variously in the cosmetic and consumer product industry as well. For example, Dimethicone 100 can be used in the treatment of head lice on the scalp and Dimethicone 100 is used widely in skin-moisturizing lotions where Dimethicone 100 is listed as an active ingredient whose purpose is "skin protection." Some cosmetic formulations use Dimethicone 100 and related siloxane polymers in concentrations of use up to 15%. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review's (CIR) Expert Panel, has concluded that Dimethicone 100 and related polymers are "safe as used in cosmetic formulations." Dimethicone 100 compounds such as amoDimethicone 100, are effective conditioners when formulated to consist of small particles and be soluble in water or alcohol/act as surfactants (especially for damaged hair, and are even more conditioning to the hair than common Dimethicone 100 and/or Dimethicone 100 copolyols. Dimethicone 100 is the active ingredient in a liquid applied to the back of the neck of a cat or dog from a small one time use dose disposable pipette. The parasite becomes trapped and immoblised in the substance and thus breaks the life cycle of the insect.

Dimethicone 100 is added to many cooking oils (as an antifoaming agent) to prevent oil splatter during the cooking process. As a result of this, Dimethicone 100can be found in trace quantities in many fast food items such as McDonald's Chicken McNuggets, french fries, hash browns, milkshakes and smoothies and Wendy's french fries. Many people are indirectly familiar with Dimethicone 100 because Dimethicone 100 is an important component in Silly Putty, to which PDMS imparts its characteristic viscoelastic properties. Another toy Dimethicone 100 is used in is Kinetic Sand. The rubbery, vinegary-smelling silicone caulks, adhesives, and aquarium sealants are also well-known. Dimethicone 100 is also used as a component in silicone grease and other silicone based lubricants, as well as in defoaming agents, mold release agents, damping fluids, heat transfer fluids, polishes, cosmetics, hair conditioners and other applications. Dimethicone 100 has also been used as a filler fluid in breast implants. Dimethicone 100 can be used as a sorbent for the analysis of headspace (dissolved gas analysis) of food.

Dimethicone 100 is a viscous liquid in transparent form without taste, color, odor and non-toxicity. Its viscosity varies according to its molecular weight. Accordingly, as the molecular weight increases, Dimethicone 100’s viscosity increases. Dimethicone 100’s kinematic viscosity ranges from 10-6 to 10 + 6. Dimethicone 100 dissolves well in benzene as a solubility. Besides, Dimethicone 100 has partial solubility in Toluene, Xylene, ethyl ether, butanol and ethyl alcohol. Dimethicone 100 is slightly soluble in acetone. Dimethicone 100 is insoluble in paraffin oil and vegetable oil. Similarly, Dimethicone 100 does not dissolve in water. Dimethicone 100 has chemical stability. Dimethicone 100’s density at 25 ° C is 0.963 gr / cm3. Dimethicone 100 (Polydimethylsiloxane) Melting point is -50 ° C.

There are certain conditions for a Dimethicone 100 to be considered a legally active drug class. In the silicone pharmaceutical industry, it should be Neurofibromatosis (NF) grade. This type of Dimethicone 100 is used as active OTC, with high hydrophobic property and partial protection that it can offer some water immiscible effects. The features that highlight these silicone polymers in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry are as follows. Not only is Dimethicone 100 slippery properties, Dimethicone 100 also gives good softening properties due to its lower surface tension than critical surface wetting stresses. Low molecular weight Dimethicone 100 cyclic oligomers act in cream formulations to treat acne and psoriasis. Low molecular weight linear Dimethicone 100 oligomers function as a volatile carrier and solvent instead of different propellants. The boiling point of some polydimethylsiloxanes is 100 ° C. Compared to this, the evaporation temperature is lower than water. Dimethicone 100 has hydrophobic properties. In formulations made by mixing with Ethyl Alcohol, Dimethicone 100 does not cause a burning sensation on the skin, and the use of this type of Dimethicone 100 as a component for antifungal disorders is Dimethicone 100‘s explanatory features.

High molecular weight Polydimethylsiloxanes are resistant to washing after they penetrate the body. Dimethicone 100 ensures that UV absorbers do not come out of the body easily if they come into contact with sea water. In this way, Dimethicone 100 helps in the production of swimming-resistant sunscreens. High molecular weight polydimethylsiloxane can be highly hydrophobic. However, Dimethicone 100 is highly permeable to moisture and gases. Therefore, Dimethicone 100 has an abrasive effect in the application area. This is also their unwanted feature. Scientists are working to eliminate these inconveniences of silicones such as Dimethicone 100 in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. The most common usage areas of Dimethicone 100 are the Cosmetics sector. Dimethicone 100 has excellent hydrophobic moisture resistance and good light transmission in this area. Due to its oil properties, Dimethicone 100 is used extensively in the manufacture of skin care products because Dimethicone 100 fills the fine lines in the skin and fills the irregular skin tissues. Dimethicone 100 is used in the manufacture of makeup materials, body lotions, moisturizers in the cosmetics sector, and hair creams. Dimethicone 100 is also used in personal care products due to its softening properties.

Dimethicone 100 (Polydimethylsiloxane) natural silicone derivatives prevent moisture loss in the skin and create a permeable barrier, giving the skin a smooth feeling. Dimethicone 100 is used in the production of products used to eliminate skin irritations caused by diapers used in babies on baby skin. Here, Dimethicone 100 reduces itching and irritation while increasing moisture. Dimethicone 100 is used in shampoos, conditioners and hair care products. Dimethicone 100 can be used as surfactant, antifoam chemical. Dimethicone 100 (Polydimethylsiloxane) is used in the production of root canal closers. Dimethicone 100 also called Dimethicone 100 is a silicone that is not subject to any European restrictions. It is also the most used silicone in cosmetics. Dimethicone 100’s role is to produce a film of surface around the hair and on the skin, to protect them then (occlusive effect, with what that can imply). Dimethicone 100 also brings sweetness to the products and makes Dimethicone 100 easy to use creams and shampoos. Dimethicone 100 is a little "the Swiss knife of the chemist": Dimethicone 100 is used a little in all sauces, to make the products brighter, more pleasant and therefore more sellers, or to compensate for the drying effect of certain ingredients like surfactants. This inert component poses no problem for human health, one can only wonder if Dimethicone 100’s effect is not only marketing and artificial.

Dimethicone 100 is on the ecological aspect that the ingredient can have a very negative impact since it is very little biodegradable.
Dimethicone 100 in its simplest form is polydimethylsiloxane, also known as silicone oil, but more commonly called Dimethicone 100. Silicone oils are derived from silica (sand and quartz are silicas). Dimethicone 100 comes in various viscosities, this one is 350 centistokes, a medium viscosity which offers excellent barrier properties when used in skin protectant formulations. Dimethicone 100 adds slip and glide, reducing tackiness. Dimethicone 100 offers conditioning properties when used in hair and skin care applications. Used at a rate of 1% to 30%, Dimethicone 100 conforms to the FDA's Tentative Final Monograph on OTC Skin Protectants. However, provided you make no drug claims for Dimethicone 100, Dimethicone 100 does not have to be declared as an active ingredient, nor does your product or facility need to conform to OTC drug production standards. Dimethicone 100 can be added to any cosmetic and declared on the ingredient label in descending order. When using Dimethicone 100 in cosmetic formulations, one should be guided by the usage rates in the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) tables (see our Reference Room for links to these PDFs) as these apply to cosmetics rather than OTC products. Dimethicone 100 is one of the most common ingredients in cosmetics. Dimethicone 100 acts as an anti-foaming agent, skin protectant and skin & hair conditioner.

Dimethicone 100 prevents water loss by forming a hydrating barrier on the skin. Dimethicone 100 is used in a wide range of cosmetics products including creams and lotions, bath soaps, shampoo and hair care products. The FDA approved Dimethicone 100 for personal care products, and Dimethicone 100 is generally considered to be safe to use. Dimethicone 100 is approved as a transdermal drug delivery system. Dimethicone 100 410 is part of the simethicone element in Dow Corning Q7-2242 LVA which is an antifoam.6,7 Some OTC's containing Dimethicone 100 are used to relieve the discomfort of infant gas caused by air swallowing or certain formulas or food,8 to prevent and help rash, to protect and relieve chapped or cracked skin9 and as an anti-lice agent. Dimethicone 100, as well as all silicone derivatives, is considered as an occlusive and emollient agent. All occlusive agents act physically blocking transepidermal water loss by the formation of a hydrophobic film on the skin surface and within the superficial interstitium between corneocytes. Simethicone is often combined in drug products with petrolatum, which makes it greasy. The emollient characteristic of Dimethicone 100 is performed by filling the space between skin flakes which smooths the skin. For Dimethicone 100’ s use as an anti-flatulent agent, Dimethicone 100 410 acts as an antifoaming agent and Dimethicone 100 works by reducing the surface tension of gas bubbles. This causes the combination of the bubbles to form larger bubbles in the stomach which can pass easily by means of belching.

The use of Dimethicone 100 410 in anti-lice medication has not been fully elucidated but it seems to be related to the disruption of the water balance mechanism in the lice which leads to the rupture of the gut. Dimethicone 100 is described by Waldorf as a synthetic polymer of silicon (a natural element of the Earth) and an emollient that works to improve the softness of skin by sealing the spaces between the superficial dead cells of the stratum corneum (the top layer of the epidermis). Weinstein says Dimethicone 100 doesn't mix with sebum (an oily substance on your skin) and is often used in cosmetic products designed for the face, such as creams, lotions, moisturizers, and primers. Dimethicone 100 is also known as methyl silicone oil and polydimethylsiloxane liquid. Dimethicone 100 appears as colorless transparent viscous liquid, being tasteless, odorless and non-toxic. The molecular formula is CH3 [Si (cH3) 2] nSi (CH3) 3. The average molecular weight is 5000 ~ 100000. Based on the differences on the molecular weight, kinematic viscosity varies from 1.0 × 10-6 ~ 100000 × 10-6 square meters / second. Long-term use temperature range is -50 ~ 180 ℃. In isolated air or inert gas, it can be subject to long-term use at 200 ℃. Viscosity coefficient: 0.31 ~ 0.61. Surface tension: 1.59 ~ 2.15 × 10-4N / cm. Dielectric constant (23 ℃, 100Hz): 2.18 ~ 2.17. Volume resistivity (23 °C): 1.0 × 1014 to 1.0 × 1016Ωcm3. Dielectric loss tangent (23 ℃, 100Hz):0.00002~0.00004.

Breakdown voltage strength: 13.7 ~ 17.7kV / mm. Dimethicone 100 is soluble in benzene, toluene, xylene and ethyl ether, partially soluble in ethanol, butanol and acetone, insoluble in cyclohexanol, methanol, paraffin oil and vegetable oil. Dimethicone 100 has excellent hydrophobic moisture resistance, good light transmission, and chemical stability. Widely used in insulation, heat, moisture-proof filler, defoamer, mold release agent, lubricant and surface treatment agent. Dimethicone 100 is produced by the reaction between octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and hexamethyldisiloxane in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid or tetramethylammonium hydroxide catalyst. Dimethicone 100 has no obvious acute and chronic poisoning reaction to human beings and mammals, nor be mutagenic and carcinogenic. Oral, inhalation and skin contact have no obvious irritation or allergic reaction to the eyes, skin, and can’t be absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract and skin. A silicone oil consisting of a mixture of fully methylated linear siloxane polymers end-blocking with trimethylsiloxy units. Commonly used in skin and hair products. Dimethicone 100 is a form of silicone used to give products lubricity, slip, and good feel.

Dimethicone 100 can also serve as a formulation defoamer and help reduce the feeling of greasiness that some creams leave on the skin immediately upon application. In addition, Dimethicone 100 is reported to protect the skin against moisture loss when used in larger quantities. Dimethicone 100 improves product flow and spreadability. In combination with other ingredients, Dimethicone 100 becomes a good waterproofing material for sunscreen emulsions, and helps reduce the greasiness often seen in high-SPF preparations.
Dimethicone 100 ointments are excellent water-protective agents because they have an extremely low surface tension and penetrate crevices in the skin to form a plastic-like barrier. Further, they are nontoxic, inert, stable, and water repellent. As such, they are useful as barrier creams in industry or wherever constant or frequent exposure to aqueous compounds is a problem. They will not, however, protect well against solvents, oils, or dusts. Dimethicone 100 obtained by hydrolysis and polycondensation of dichlorodimethylsilane and chlorotrimethylsilane. The hydrolysis products contain active silanol groups through which condensation polymerization proceeds. By varying the proportions of chlorotrimethylsilane, which acts as a chain terminator, silicones of varying molecular weight may be prepared. Different grades of Dimethicone 100 are produced that may be distinguished by a number placed after the name indicating the nominal viscosity. Dimethicone 100s of various viscosities are widely used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations. In topical oil-in-water emulsions Dimethicone 100 is added to the oil phase as an antifoaming agent. Dimethicone 100 is hydrophobic and is also widely used in topical barrier preparations. Therapeutically, Dimethicone 100 may be used with simethicone in oral pharmaceutical formulations used in the treatment of flatulence.

Dimethicone 100 is also used to form a waterrepellent film on glass containers. Dimethicone 100 is generally regarded as a relatively nontoxic and nonirritant material although it can cause temporary irritation to the eyes. In pharmaceutical formulations Dimethicone 100 may be used in oral and topical preparations. Dimethicone 100s are also used extensively in cosmetic formulations and in certain food applications. The WHO has set a tentative estimated acceptable daily intake of Dimethicone 100 with a relative molecular mass in the range of 200–300 at up to 1.5mg/kg body-weight. Injection of silicones into tissues may cause granulomatous reactions. Accidental intravascular injection has been associated with fatalities. Dimethicone 100s should be stored in an airtight container in a cool, dry, place; they are stable to heat and are resistant to most chemical substances although they are affected by strong acids. Thin films of Dimethicone 100 may be sterilized by dry heat for at least 2 hours at 160°C. Sterilization of large quantities of Dimethicone 100 by steam autoclaving is notrecommended since excesswater diffuses intothe fluid causing it to become hazy. However, thin films may be sterilized by this method. Gamma irradiation may also be used to sterilize Dimethicone 100. Gamma irradiation can, however, cause crosslinking with a consequent increase in the viscosity of fluids.

Dimethicone 100 are polymeric materials having silicon and oxygen on their composition. They are largely inert compounds usually heat-resistant, nonstick, and rubberlike. Dimethicone 100 is a viscoelastic polymer (elastomer). Dimethicone 100 is widely used in microfluidic technology thanks to some of its unique properties: Dimethicone 100 is low cost, nontoxic, chemically resistant, and stable against humidity and temperature variations. Dimethicone 100 also presents low interfacial energy, which allows it to avoid chemical interactions with other polymers and solutions in the microfluidic channels. After polymerization and cross-linking, solid Dimethicone 100 presents hydrophobic surface. A treatment using plasma oxidation is frequently used to alter the surface chemistry by adding silanol (SiOH) groups to the surface terminations and make the surface hydrophilic (wettable). Dimethicone 100 is usually used as sealant, structural microchannel material or elastomer stamping matrix in soft lithography techniques like microcontact printing and micromolding.

Dimethicone 100 is an antifoaming agent used in fats and oils. Dimethicone 100 prevents foaming and spattering when oils are heated and prevents foam formation during the manufacture of wine, refined sugar, gelatin, and chewing gum. Dimethicone 100 is also termed methyl polysilicone and methyl silicone. Dimethicone 100 is a mixture of poly(dimethyl siloxane) and silica gel, known for their antifoaming properties. It is an orally administered suspension containing polysiloxanes and silicon dioxide. Dimethicone 100 is an antifoaming agent and is used to reduce bloating by decreasing the surface tension in bubbles. Excessive formation of gas bubbles in the stomach and intestines can be painful and can also be of hindrance for any ultrasound examination. Simethicone can be found in antacids and in suspensions given to babies against colic. Dimethicone 100 is an colourless liquid with a viscosity, The polydimethylsiloxane materials are excellent examples of silicones because of their chemical properties and widespread industrial use. They can be manufactured as gels, resins, fluids, or elastomers, depending on the cross-linking characteristics. Toxicity testing using polydimethylsiloxane compounds on animals has found little, if any, harmful effects associated with chronic exposure. These tests include oral dosing and teratogenicity testing (Cutler et al., 1974; Kennedy et al., 1976). Human health effects associated with silicone implants have been reported. Polydimethylsiloxane is the most prevalent silicone used medically and has been incorporated into many prostheses, including breast implants.

Dimethicone 100 is a silicon-based polymer. The properties of this silicone oil make Dimethicone 100 very popular as an ingredient in personal care and cosmetic products. It applies smoothly onto the skin due to its oil properties, filling in fine lines and correcting uneven skin textures. Manufacturers use Dimethicone 100 in makeup foundation, primers, body lotions, moisturizers, hair conditioners, and hair detanglers. Dimethicone 100 is one of the most-used emollient ingredients in moisturizers. This is due to the effectiveness of Dimethicone 100 as a moisturizing agent, as well as its gentleness on the skin. Dimethicone 100’s natural silicon derivatives give Dimethicone 100 a unique silky feel, enabling it to form a permeable barrier that prevents moisture loss from the skin. Dimethicone 100 cream is a popular medicinal product that acts as a deep moisturizer. Dimethicone 100 cream can also soothe minor skin irritations like diaper rash. The emollients in Dimethicone 100 give Dimethicone 100 the ability to decrease itching and flaking while increasing moisture at the same time.

Dimethicone 100 is a mixture used in shampoo and similar hair product ingredients. The mixture is a silicone-based polymer mixture. Since cosmetic products are not organic, their intensive use may cause some problems, especially on the skin, in terms of the place and amount of use. Dimethicone 100 is added to these products to make hair look brighter and fuller due to the silicones Dimethicone 100 contains, and Dimethicone 100’s intensive use reveals a situation that is the beginning of major problems such as oily hair. During polymerization, this reaction evolves potentially hazardous hydrogen chloride gas. For medical uses, a process was developed where the chlorine atoms in the silane precursor were replaced with acetate groups, so that the reaction product of the final curing process is nontoxic acetic acid (vinegar). As a side effect, the curing process is also much slower in this case. This is the chemistry used in consumer applications, such as silicone caulk and adhesives. Silane precursors with more acid-forming groups and fewer methyl groups, such as methyltrichlorosilane, can be used to introduce branches or cross-links in the polymer chain. Ideally, each molecule of such a compound becomes a branch point. Dimethicone 100 can be used to produce hard silicone resins. Similarly, precursors with three methyl groups can be used to limit molecular weight, since each such molecule has only one reactive site and so forms the end of a siloxane chain. The polymer is manufactured in multiple viscosities, ranging from a thin pourable liquid (when n is very low), to a thick rubbery semi-solid (when n is very high).

Dimethicone 100 molecules have quite flexible polymer backbones (or chains) due to their siloxane linkages, which are analogous to the ether linkages used to impart rubberiness to polyurethanes. Such flexible chains become loosely entangled when molecular weight is high, which results in Dimethicone 100 having an unusually high level of viscoelasticity. Dimethicone 100s of various viscosities are widely used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations. In topical oil-in-water emulsions Dimethicone 100 is added to the oil phase as an antifoaming agent. Dimethicone 100 is hydrophobic and is also widely used in topical barrier preparations. Therapeutically, Dimethicone 100 may be used with simethicone in oral pharmaceutical formulations used in the treatment of flatulence. Dimethicone 100 is also used to form a waterrepellent film on glass containers. Safety Dimethicone 100 is generally regarded as a relatively nontoxic and nonirritant material although it can cause temporary irritation to the eyes. In pharmaceutical formulations Dimethicone 100 may be used in oral and topical preparations. Dimethicone 100s are also used extensively in cosmetic formulations and in certain food applications. The WHO has set a tentative estimated acceptable daily intake of Dimethicone 100 with a relative molecular mass in the range of 200–300 at up to 1.5mg/kg body-weight.

Injection of silicones into tissues may cause granulomatous reactions. Accidental intravascular injection has been associated with fatalities. storage Dimethicone 100s should be stored in an airtight container in a cool, dry, place; they are stable to heat and are resistant to most chemical substances although they are affected by strong acids. Thin films of Dimethicone 100 may be sterilized by dry heat for at least 2 hours at 160°C. Sterilization of large quantities of Dimethicone 100 by steam autoclaving is notrecommended since excesswater diffuses intothe fluid causing it to become hazy. However, thin films may be sterilized by this method. Gamma irradiation may also be used to sterilize Dimethicone 100. Gamma irradiation can, however, cause crosslinking with a consequent increase in the viscosity of fluids. Regulatory Status Accepted for use as a food additive in Europe. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database. Included in nonparenteral medicines licensed in the UK. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal Ingredients.

Dimethicone 100 is hydrophobic. Plasma oxidation can be used to alter the surface chemistry, adding silanol (SiOH) groups to the surface. Atmospheric air plasma and argon plasma will work for this application. This treatment renders the Dimethicone 100 surface hydrophilic, allowing water to wet it. The oxidized surface can be further functionalized by reaction with trichlorosilanes. After a certain amount of time, recovery of the surface's hydrophobicity is inevitable, regardless of whether the surrounding medium is vacuum, air, or water; the oxidized surface is stable in air for about 30 minutes. Alternatively, for applications where long-term hydrophilicity is a requirement, techniques such as hydrophilic polymer grafting, surface nanostructuring, and dynamic surface modification with embedded surfactants can be of use.

Solid Dimethicone 100 samples will not allow aqueous solvents to infiltrate and swell the material. Thus Polydimethylsiloxane structures can be used in combination with water and alcohol solvents without material deformation. However most organic solvents will diffuse into the material and cause it to swell. Despite this, some organic solvents lead to sufficiently small swelling that they can be used with Dimethicone 100 , for instance within the channels of Dimethicone 100 microfluidic devices. The swelling ratio is roughly inversely related to the solubility parameter of the solvent. Diisopropylamine swells Dimethicone 100 to the greatest extent; solvents such as chloroform, ether, and THF swell the material to a large extent. Solvents such as acetone, 1-propanol, and pyridine swell the material to a small extent. Alcohols and polar solvents such as methanol, glycerol and water do not swell the material appreciably.