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Dowanol EB is an organic compound with the chemical formula BuOC2H4OH (Bu = CH3CH2CH2CH2).
This colorless liquid has a sweet, ether-like odor, as Dowanol EB derives from the family of glycol ethers, and is a butyl ether of ethylene glycol.
As a relatively nonvolatile, inexpensive solvent, Dowanol EB is used in many domestic and industrial products because of its properties as a surfactant.
CAS: 111-76-2
MF: C6H14O2
MW: 118.17
EINECS: 203-905-0
Dowanol EB is a known respiratory irritant and can be acutely toxic, but animal studies did not find it to be mutagenic, and no studies suggest Dowanol EB is a human carcinogen.
A study of 13 classroom air contaminants conducted in Portugal reported a statistically significant association with increased rates of nasal obstruction and a positive association below the level of statistical significance with a higher risk of obese asthma and increased child BMI.
Dowanol EB is a clear, colourless liquid with ether-like smell.
Dowanol EB is usually produced by a reaction of ethylene oxide with butyl alcohol, but it may also be made by the reaction of ethylene glycol with dibutyl sulphate.
Dowanol EB is widely used as a solvent in protective surface coatings such as spray lacquers, quick-dry lacquers, enamels, varnishes, and latex paints.
Dowanol EB is also used as an ingredient in paint thinners and strippers, varnish removers, agricultural chemicals, herbicides, silicon caulks, cutting oils, and hydraulic fluids and as metal cleaners, fabric dyes and inks, industrial and household cleaners (as a degreaser), and dry-cleaning compounds.
Dowanol EB is also used in liquid soaps and in cosmetics.
Dowanol EB acetate has been reported to be present in air, water, and soil as a contaminant and exposure to it occurs during its manufacture and use as an intermediate in the chemical industry, and during the formulation and use of its products in multiple industrial activities.
The acetate form of Dowanol EB is 2-butoxyethanol acetate and also known as ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate.
A colorless liquid with a mild, pleasant odor.
Less dense than water. Flash point 160°F.
Irritates skin and eyes and may be toxic by ingestion.
Used as a solvent and to make paints and varnish.
Dowanol EB or 2-Butoxyethanol is an organic compound with the chemical formula BuOC2H4OH (Bu = CH3CH2CH2CH2).
This colorless liquid has a sweet, ether-like odor, as Dowanol EB derives from the family of glycol ethers, and is a butyl ether of ethylene glycol.
As a relatively nonvolatile, inexpensive solvent of low toxicity, Dowanol EB is used in many domestic and industrial products because of its properties as a surfactant.
Dowanol EB Chemical Properties
Melting point: -70 °C
Boiling point: 171 °C
Density: 0.902 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Vapor density: 4.1 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: <1 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.419(lit.)
Fp: 140 °F
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility: 900g/l completely miscible
Form: Liquid
pka: 14.42±0.10(Predicted)
Color: Clear
PH: 7 (H2O, 20℃)(as aqueous solution)
Odor: Mild, characteristic; slightly rancid; mild ethereal.
Odor Threshold: 0.043ppm
Explosive limit: 1.1-10.6%(V)
Water Solubility: miscible
λmax: λ: 230 nm Amax: 1.0
λ: 250 nm Amax: 0.10
λ: 275 nm Amax: 0.05
λ: 300-400 nm Amax: 0.01
Merck: 14,1559
BRN: 1732511
Henry's Law Constant: (x 10-6 atm?m3/mol): 2.36 (approximate - calculated from water solubility and vapor pressure)
Exposure limits: TLV-TWA skin 25 ppm (121 mg/m3) (ACGIH), 50 ppm (242 mg/m3) (OSHA); STEL 75 ppm (363 mg/m3) (ACGIH);IDLH 700 ppm (NIOSH). .
LogP: 0.81 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 111-76-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: 2-n-Butoxy-1-ethanol(111-76-2)
IARC: 3 (Vol. 88) 2006
EPA Substance Registry System: Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (111-76-2)
Dowanol EB is a clear colorless liquid with an ether-like smell and belongs to the family of glycol ether/alkoxy alcohol.
Dowanol EB is miscible in water and soluble in most organic solvents.
Dowanol EB does not occur naturally.
Dowanol EB is usually produced by reacting ethylene oxide with butyl alcohol.
Dowanol EB is used as a solvent for nitrocellulose, natural and synthetic resins, soluble oils, in surface coatings, spray lacquers, enamels, varnishes, and latex paints, as an ingredient in paint thinners, quick-dry lacquers, latex paint, and strippers, varnish removers, and herbicides.
Dowanol EB is also used in textile dyeing and printing, in the treatment of leather, in the production of plasticizers, as a stabilizer in metal cleaners and household cleaners, and in hydraulic fl uids, insecticides, herbicides, and rust removers.
Dowanol EB is also used as an ingredient in liquid soaps, cosmetics, industrial and household cleaners, dry-cleaning compounds, and as an ingredient in silicon caulks, cutting oils, and hydraulic fluids.
Dowanol EB is a fire hazard when exposed to heat, sparks, or open flames.
Clear, colorless, oily liquid with a mild, ether-like odor.
Experimentally determined detection and recognition odor threshold concentrations were 500 μg/m3 (100 ppbv) and 1.7 mg/m3 (350 ppbv), respectively.
An odor threshold concentration of 580 ppbv was reported by Nagata and Takeuchi.
Poison by ingestion, skin contact, intraperitoneal, and intravenous routes.
Moderately toxic via inhalation and subcutaneous routes.
Human systemic effects by inhalation: nausea or vomiting, headache, unspecified eye effects. Experimental teratogenic and reproductive effects.
A skin irritant.
Combustible liquid when exposed to heat or flame.
To fight fire, use foam, CO2, dry chemical.
Incompatible with oxidizing materials, heat, and flame.
When heated to decomposition Dowanol EB emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes
Dowanol EB should be kept stored in tightly closed, grounded containers in a cool area with adequate ventilation, away from normal work areas and sources of heat and sparks, and electrical equipment.
At the storage and handling area, workers should use solvent resistant materials.
Occupational workers should use minimal quantities of Dowanol EB in designated areas with adequate ventilation and away from sources of heat or sparks.
Whenever possible, fire-resistant containers should be used.
Wear appropriate protective equipment to prevent skin and eye contact.
Uses
Dowanol EB is a glycol ether with modest surfactant properties, which can also be used as a mutual solvent.
Dowanol EB is a reagent in the synthesis of 4-butoxyethoxy-N-octadecyl-1,8-naphthalimide as a new fluorescent probe for the determination of proteins.
Also used as a reagent in the synthesis of 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde derivatives as tyrosinase inhibitors.
Dowanol EB is used widely as a coupling solvent because of its superior coupling efficiency and excellent solvency for resins.
Dowanol EB is used as a solvent for nitrocellulose, resins, oil, and grease, and in dry cleaning.
Solvent for nitrocellulose, resins, grease, oil, albumin; dry cleaning.
Dowanol EB should be used as solvent metal detergent, paint remover, lubricating oil remover, automobile engine detergent, dry cleaning solvent, epoxy resin solvent, drug extractant for coating, printing ink, printing ink for stamp, oil, resin, etc; Dowanol EB is used as stabilizer of latex paint, evaporation inhibitor of aircraft paint, surface processing of high temperature baking enamel, etc.
Dowanol EB is mainly used as a solvent for nitrocellulose, spray paint, quick-drying paint, varnish, enamel and paint stripper.
Dowanol EB can also be used as fiber wetting agent, pesticide dispersant, resin plasticizer, organic synthesis intermediate.
Reagents for the determination of iron and molybdenum.
An auxiliary solvent for improving the emulsifying properties and dissolving the mineral oil in the soap solution.
Dowanol EB has both an ether bond and a hydroxyl group in its molecule, this unique property makes Dowanol EB not only soluble organic molecules, synthetic or natural polymer compounds, but also miscible with water or water-soluble compounds to varying degrees, so Dowanol EB is widely used as coatings, use of ink, cleaning agent, drug extractant, etc.
Dowanol EB is one of the important industrial derivatives of epoxy compounds, and is an extremely important fine chemical.
Because of Dowanol EB's chemical structure has two strong dissolving function groups-ether bond and hydroxyl, the former has lipophilic, can dissolve hydrophobic compounds, the latter has hydrophilic, can dissolve hydrophilic compounds, therefore, Dowanol EB has a strong ability to dissolve and is known as a "universal solvent.
Dowanol EB used as paint, ink solvent, metal cleaning agent components and raw materials of dye dispersant
Dowanol EB mainly used as nitrocellulose, spray paint, quick-drying paint, varnish, enamel and paint remover solvent.
Dowanol EB can also be used as fiber wetting agent, pesticide dispersant, resin plasticizer, organic synthesis intermediate.
Reagents for the determination of iron and molybdenum.
An auxiliary solvent for improving the emulsifying properties and dissolving the mineral oil in the soap solution.
Dowanol EB used as a reagent and solvent for the determination of iron and molybdenum, also used for the separation of calcium and strontium in nitrate to be used as a coating, printing ink, stamp printing ink, oil, resin solvent metal detergent, paint stripper, lubricating oil, automotive engine detergent, dry cleaning solvent, epoxy resin solvent, drug extractant; Used as a stabilizer for latex paint, aircraft paint evaporation inhibitor, surface processing of high temperature baking enamel.
Commercial uses
Dowanol EB is a solvent for paints and surface coatings, as well as cleaning products and inks.
Products that contain Dowanol EB include acrylic resin formulations, asphalt release agents, firefighting foam, leather protectors, oil spill dispersants, degreaser applications, photographic strip solutions, whiteboard and glass cleaners, liquid soaps, cosmetics, dry cleaning solutions, lacquers, varnishes, herbicides, latex paints, enamels, printing paste, and varnish removers, and silicone caulk.
Products containing this compound are commonly found at construction sites, automobile repair shops, print shops, and facilities that produce sterilizing and cleaning products.
Dowanol EB is the main ingredient of many home, commercial and industrial cleaning solutions.
Since the molecule has both polar and non-polar ends, Dowanol EB is useful for removing both polar and non-polar substances, like grease and oils.
Dowanol EB is also approved by the U.S. FDA to be used as direct and indirect food additives, which include antimicrobial agents, defoamers, stabilizers, and adhesives.
In the petroleum industry
Dowanol EB is commonly produced for the oil industry because of its surfactant properties.
In the petroleum industry, Dowanol EB is a component of fracturing fluids, drilling stabilizers, and oil slick dispersants for both water-based and oil-based hydraulic fracturing.
When liquid is pumped into the well, the fracturing fluids are pumped under extreme pressure, so Dowanol EB is used to stabilize them by lowering the surface tension.
As a surfactant, Dowanol EB absorbs at the oil-water interface of the fracture.
The compound is also used to facilitate the release of the gas by preventing congealing.
Dowanol EB is also used as a crude oil–water coupling solvent for more general oil well workovers.
Because of its surfactant properties, Dowanol EB is a major constituent (30–60% w/w) in the oil spill dispersant Corexit 9527, which was widely used in the aftermath of the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill.
Production
Dowanol EB is commonly obtained through two processes; the ethoxylation reaction of butanol and ethylene oxide in the presence of a catalyst:
C2H4O + C4H9OH → C4H9OC2H4OH
or the etherification of butanol with 2-chloroethanol.
Dowanol EB can be obtained in the laboratory by performing a ring opening of 2-propyl-1,3-dioxolane with boron trichloride.
Dowanol EB is often produced industrially by combining ethylene glycol and butyraldehyde in a Parr reactor with palladium on carbon.
Production Method
Raw materials: Ethylene Oxide, n-butanol, phenol, butanol, methanol, copper sulfate, potassium hydroxide, caustic soda, benzene monochloride, ethanol production method: by the addition of ethylene oxide and n-butanol derived.
First, the butanol is added to the boron trifluoride-diethyl ether complex, and then ethylene oxide is introduced at 25-30 °C., and then the temperature is automatically raised to about 80°C.
To complete the addition reaction.
The reaction product is neutralized and distilled to obtain a crude product after recovering butanol, and then fractionated to obtain a finished product.
obtained by addition of ethylene oxide to n-butanol.
N-butanol was added to a solution of boron trifluoride in diethyl ether at 20 ° C., and ethylene oxide was introduced with stirring.
As the reaction proceeded, the temperature rose automatically, and after the temperature dropped, Dowanol EB was left for three days.
The crude product was obtained by neutralization with potassium hydroxide methanol solution to pH = 8.
After adding a little p-aminophenol to the crude product, Fractionation was carried out, and the fractions at 166-170 ℃ were collected to obtain the finished product.
Industrial production can be used in high temperature and high pressure (reaction temperature 180-250 ℃, pressure 2.1-4.6MPa) under the method of non catalytic reaction, reaction 6H.
Dowanol EB is also possible to use a base catalyst at approximately atmospheric pressure and lower temperatures.
In 2006, the European production of butyl glycol ethers amounted to 181 kilotons, of which approximately 50% (90 kt/a) was Dowanol EB.
World production is estimated to be 200 to 500 kt/a, of which 75% is for paints and coatings and 18% for metal cleaners and household cleaners.
In the US, Dowanol EB is considered a high production volume chemical because more than 100 million pounds of this chemical are produced per year.
Reactivity Profile
Dowanol EB may react with bases, aluminum and oxidizing materials.
Dowanol EB is liable to form peroxides on exposure to air and light.
Dowanol EB attacks some forms of plastics, rubber and coatings.
Dowanol EB is sensitive to air and light. Slightly soluble in water.
A toxic material. Eye and upper respiratory tract irritant.
Questionable carcinogen.
Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily.
Containers may explode when heated.
Runoff may pollute waterways.
Substance may be transported in a molten form.
Health Hazard
Dowanol EB is present in a variety of consumer products, including cleaning agents and surface coatings, such as paints, lacquers, and varnishes.
Dowanol EB is readily absorbed following inhalation, oral, and dermal exposure.
Dowanol EB is released into air or water by different industrial activities and facilities that manu facture, process, or use the chemical.
Exposure to Dowanol EB causes irritating effects to the eyes and skin, but it has not induced skin sensitization in guinea pigs.
Information on the human health effects associated with exposure to Dowanol EB is limited.
However, case studies of individuals who had attempted suicide by ingest ing Dowanol EB-containing cleaning solutions suffered poisoning with symp toms such as hemoglobinuria, erythropenia, and hypotension, metabolic acidosis, shock, non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, and albuminuria, hepatic disorders and hematuria.
Chemical Reactivity
Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.
Synonyms
2-Butoxyethanol
111-76-2
ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER
Butyl glycol
Butyl cellosolve
Butoxyethanol
n-Butoxyethanol
Ethanol, 2-butoxy-
Ethylene glycol butyl ether
Butyl oxitol
Dowanol EB
Glycol butyl ether
Glycol ether eb
3-Oxa-1-heptanol
2-butoxyethan-1-ol
EGBE
2-Butoxy-1-ethanol
Gafcol EB
2-n-Butoxyethanol
O-Butyl ethylene glycol
Jeffersol eb
Butyl cellu-sol
BUCS
Ektasolve EB
Glycol monobutyl ether
Chimec NR
2-Butoxy ethanol
2-Butossi-etanolo
2-Butoxy-aethanol
Butylcelosolv
Butylglycol
Butoksyetylowy alkohol
2-Butoxy-ethanol
Ethylene glycol n-butyl ether
EGMBE
Monobutyl glycol ether
Monobutyl ether of ethylene glycol
Ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether
n-Butyl Cellosolve
.beta.-Butoxyethanol
ethyleneglycol monobutyl ether
Butyl monoether glycol
Butyglycol
Monobutyl ethylene glycol ether
2-n-Butoxy-1-ethanol
Ether alcohol
Ethylene glycol, monobutyl ether
Butyl icinol
Minex BDH
NSC 60759
2-Hydroxyethyl n-butyl ether
2-Butoxyethanol (ethylene glycol monobutyl ether)
9004-77-7
Eter monobutilico del etilenglicol
I0P9XEZ9WV
Butyl 2-hydroxyethyl ether
Ether monobutylique de l'ethyleneglycol
CHEBI:63921
NSC-60759
Butylcelosolv [Czech]
Caswell No. 121
butylcellosolve
g lycol ether eb
beta-Butoxyethanol
2 -Butoxyethanol
Butylglycol [French,German]
2-Butoxy-aethanol [German]
CAS-111-76-2
SMR001253761
2-Butossi-etanolo [Italian]
Butoxyethanol, 2-
Ektasolve EB solvent
CCRIS 5985
HSDB 538
Butoksyetylowy alkohol [Polish]
Ek tasolve EB solvent
Glycol ether eb acetate
EINECS 203-905-0
UNII-I0P9XEZ9WV
UN2369
n-butoxyethanol sodium salt
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 011501
BRN 1732511
Butyloxitol
AI3-0993
butoxy-ethanol
AI3-09903
Eter monobutilico del etilenglicol [Spanish]
Ethylene glycol mono butyl ether
Butyl Glycolether
EB Solvent
Ether monobutylique de l'ethyleneglycol [French]
3-oxaheptan-1-ol
2-(n-Butoxy)ethanol
BuOCH2CH2OH
2-(1-Butyloxy) ethanol
EC 203-905-0
EC 500-012-0
BUTOXYETHANOL [INCI]
2-Butoxy-aethanol(GERMAN)
SCHEMBL15712
MLS002174253
MLS002454362
WLN: Q2O4
BUTYL CELLOSOLVE [MI]
Butyglycol(FRENCH, GERMAN)
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE)(2-Butoxyet)
ethylene glycol-monobutyl ether
CHEMBL284588
QSPL 003
2-BUTOXYETHANOL [IARC]
2-BUTOXYETHANOL [VANDF]
DTXSID1024097
2-BUTOXY ETHANOL (ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER)
Ethylene glycol butyl ether, 99%
2-butoxyethanol (butyl cellosolve)
NSC60759
ZINC1690437
Tox21_202399
Tox21_300123
MFCD00002884
Ethylene glycol butyl ether, >=99%
AKOS009028760
NCGC00090683-01
NCGC00090683-02
NCGC00090683-03
NCGC00090683-04
NCGC00090683-05
NCGC00254083-01
NCGC00259948-01
LS-13220
B0698
FT-0626297
EN300-19317
Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether Reagent Grade
C19355
Ethylene glycol butyl ether, analytical standard
ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONO-N-BUTYL ETHER [HSDB]
Q421557
Ethylene glycol butyl ether, for synthesis, 99.0%
J-508565
Ethylene glycol butyl ether, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%
Ethylene glycol butyl ether, spectrophotometric grade, >=99.0%
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether [UN2369] [Keep away from food]
