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CAS Number: 9004-34-6
EC Number: 232-674-9
MDL number: MFCD00081512
APPLICATIONS
E460 (Cellulose) (medium fibers) is used in metabolic pathway and carbohydrate applications.
E460 (Cellulose) has been used to study biofuel and biorefinery applications.
E460 (Cellulose) has been used for biomass analysis in pyrolysis process
E460 (Cellulose) has been used in column chromatography to purify organisms from uninfected erythrocytes and white cells
E460 (Cellulose) has been used as a standard in fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to study conformational characteristics of bacterial E460 (Cellulose) (BC) obtained from Hestrin-Schramm (HS) medium
E460 (Cellulose) has been used as a control in diet-related animal studies to evaluate the hypocholesterolemic activity of botryosphaeran
High purity E460 (Cellulose) powders for partition chromatography.
E460 (Cellulose) for industrial use is mainly obtained from wood pulp and from cotton.
-Paper products: E460 (Cellulose) is the major constituent of paper, paperboard, and card stock.
-Electrical insulation paper: E460 (Cellulose) is used in diverse forms as insulation in transformers, cables, and other electrical equipment.
-Fibers: E460 (Cellulose) is the main ingredient of textiles.
Cotton and synthetics (nylons) each have about 40% market by volume.
Other plant fibers (jute, sisal, hemp) represent about 20% of the market.
Rayon, cellophane and other "regenerated E460 (Cellulose) fibers" are a small portion (5%).
-Consumables: Microcrystalline E460 (Cellulose) (E460i) and powdered E460 (Cellulose) (E460ii) are used as inactive fillers in drug tablets and a wide range of soluble E460 (Cellulose) derivatives, E numbers E461 to E469, are used as emulsifiers, thickeners and stabilizers in processed foods.
E460 (Cellulose) powder is, for example, used in processed cheese to prevent caking inside the package.
E460 (Cellulose) occurs naturally in some foods and is an additive in manufactured foods, contributing an indigestible component used for texture and bulk, potentially aiding in defecation.
-Building material: Hydroxyl bonding of E460 (Cellulose) in water produces a sprayable, moldable material as an alternative to the use of plastics and resins.
The recyclable material can be made water and fire-resistant.
E460 (Cellulose) provides sufficient strength for use as a building material.
E460 (Cellulose) insulation made from recycled paper is becoming popular as an environmentally preferable material for building insulation.
E460 (Cellulose) can be treated with boric acid as a fire retardant.
-Miscellaneous: E460 (Cellulose) can be converted into cellophane, a thin transparent film.
E460 (Cellulose) is the base material for the celluloid that was used for photographic and movie films until the mid-1930s.
E460 (Cellulose) is used to make water-soluble adhesives and binders such as methyl E460 (Cellulose) and carboxymethyl E460 (Cellulose) which are used in wallpaper paste.
E460 (Cellulose) is further used to make hydrophilic and highly absorbent sponges.
E460 (Cellulose) is the raw material in the manufacture of nitroE460 (Cellulose) (E460 (Cellulose) nitrate) which is used in smokeless gunpowder.
-Pharmaceuticals: E460 (Cellulose) derivatives, such as microcrystalline E460 (Cellulose) (MCC), have the advantages of retaining water, being a stabilizer and thickening agent, and in reinforcement of drug tablets.
The primary source of E460 (Cellulose) for industrial use is wood pulp and cotton.
E460 (Cellulose) is the main ingredient in paper, paperboard, wood products and cotton based textiles.
A number of commercial products have been developed and are manufactured from E460 (Cellulose).
In addition to paper-, textile- and wood products, which are made of naturally occurring E460 (Cellulose), several chemically modified E460 (Cellulose) products have been developed over the years.
The first product made from modified E460 (Cellulose) was nitroE460 (Cellulose) that was introduced in the beginning of the 20th century.
E460 (Cellulose) was primarily used for the manufacture of smoke less gun powder and photographic films.
Other man-made products derived from E460 (Cellulose) derivatives are e.g. cellophane, viscose fibers, and thickeners for food products, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
E460 (Cellulose) can be modified by esterification to give rise to different E460 (Cellulose) derivatives with various properties.
E460 (Cellulose) acetate is used in making E460 (Cellulose) films.
Carboxymethyl E460 (Cellulose) is used in the pulp and paper industry, and hydroxypropyl E460 (Cellulose) is used as a thickening agent in food.
E460 (Cellulose) is one of the most widely used natural substances and has become one of the most important commercial raw materials.
The major sources of E460 (Cellulose) are plant fibers (cotton, hemp, flax, and jute are almost all E460 (Cellulose)) and, of course, wood (about 42 percent E460 (Cellulose)).
Since E460 (Cellulose) is insoluble in water, it is easily separated from the other constituents of a plant.
E460 (Cellulose) has been used to make paper since the Chinese first invented the process around A.D. 100.
E460 (Cellulose) is separated from wood by a pulping process that grinds woodchips under flowing water.
The pulp that remains is then washed, bleached, and poured over a vibrating mesh.
When the water finally drains from the pulp, what remains is an interlocking web of fibers that, when dried, pressed, and smoothed, becomes a sheet of paper.
Raw cotton is 91 percent E460 (Cellulose), and its fiber cells are found on the surface of the cotton seed.
There are thousands of fibers on each seed, and as the cotton pod ripens and bursts open, these fiber cells die.
Because these fiber cells are primarily E460 (Cellulose), they can be twisted to form thread or yarn that is then woven to make cloth.
Since E460 (Cellulose) reacts easily to both strong bases and acids, a chemical process is often used to make other products.
For example, the fabric known as rayon and the transparent sheet of film called cellophane are made using a many-step process that involves an acid bath.
In mixtures if nitric and sulfuric acids, E460 (Cellulose) can form what is called guncotton or E460 (Cellulose) nitrates that are used for explosives.
However, when mixed with camphor, E460 (Cellulose) produces a plastic known as celluloid, which was used for early motion-picture film.
However, because it was highly flammable (meaning it could easily catch fire), it was eventually replaced by newer and more stable plastic materials.
Although E460 (Cellulose) is still an important natural resource, many of the products that were made from it are being produced easier and cheaper using other materials.
E460 (Cellulose) is used mainly in paperboard and paper production.
Smaller amounts are converted into a wide variety of derivatives, such as cellophane and rayon.
The conversion of E460 (Cellulose) from energy crops into biofuels such as cellulosic ethanol as a renewable fuel source is under progress.
E460 (Cellulose) is used in the diet as a fibre supplement.
E460 (Cellulose) is used to produce paperboard and paper products.
E460 (Cellulose) helps as an additive in various food items.
E460 (Cellulose) is used in the production of rayon.
E460 (Cellulose) is used as a preservative in cheese as it plays the role of an anti-clumping agent.
E460 (Cellulose) is used in making explosives.
E460 (Cellulose) is used in the manufacturing of nitroE460 (Cellulose).
E460 (Cellulose) is mainly useful in paperboard and paper production.
E460 (Cellulose) is useful as a stationary phase in chromatography.
E460 (Cellulose) is the major constituent of paper; further processing can be performed to make cellophane and rayon, and more recently Modal, a textile derived from beechwood E460 (Cellulose).
E460 (Cellulose) is used within the laboratory as a solid-state substrate for thin layer chromatography, and cotton linters is used in the manufacture of nitroE460 (Cellulose), historically used in smokeless gunpowder.
Viscose is a very important fiber made out of E460 (Cellulose) and has been used for textiles since the beginning of the twentieth century.
The hydroxyl groups of E460 (Cellulose) can be partially or fully reacted with various chemicals to provide derivatives with useful properties.
E460 (Cellulose) esters and E460 (Cellulose) ethers are the most important commercial materials.
In principle, though not always in current industrial practice, cellulosic polymers are renewable resources.
Among the esters are E460 (Cellulose) acetate and triacetate, which are film- and fiber-forming materials that find a variety of uses.
E460 (Cellulose) acetate, which is one of the cheapest raw materials produced, is used in making tools, eyeglass frames, electrical insulation, and packaging material, among other products.
The inorganic ester nitroE460 (Cellulose) was initially used as an explosive and was an early film forming material.
E460 (Cellulose) nitrate was the first successful plastic.
DEFINITIONS
E460 (Cellulose), a β-glucan insoluble in water is an important constituent of plant cell wall.
E460 (Cellulose) is a tough, fibrous polysaccharide, which has a linear chain of glucose residues, linked with β-1,4 bond.
Plants produces E460 (Cellulose) abundantly.
E460 (Cellulose) is an organic compound with the formula (C6H10O5)n, a polysaccharide consisting of a linear chain of several hundred to many thousands of β(1→4) linked D-glucose units.
E460 (Cellulose) is an important structural component of the primary cell wall of green plants, many forms of algae and the oomycetes.
Some species of bacteria secrete it to form biofilms.
E460 (Cellulose) is the most abundant organic polymer on Earth.
The E460 (Cellulose) content of cotton fiber is 90%, that of wood is 40–50%, and that of dried hemp is approximately 57%.
E460 (Cellulose) is mainly used to produce paperboard and paper.
Smaller quantities are converted into a wide variety of derivative products such as cellophane and rayon.
Conversion of E460 (Cellulose) from energy crops into biofuels such as cellulosic ethanol is under development as a renewable fuel source.
E460 (Cellulose) for industrial use is mainly obtained from wood pulp and cotton.
Some animals, particularly ruminants and termites, can digest E460 (Cellulose) with the help of symbiotic micro-organisms that live in their guts, such as Trichonympha.
In human nutrition, E460 (Cellulose) is a non-digestible constituent of insoluble dietary fiber, acting as a hydrophilic bulking agent for feces and potentially aiding in defecation.
E460 (Cellulose) is a molecule, consisting of hundreds – and sometimes even thousands – of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
E460 (Cellulose) is the main substance in the walls of plant cells, helping plants to remain stiff and upright.
Humans cannot digest E460 (Cellulose), but E460 (Cellulose) is important in the diet as fibre.
Fibre assists your digestive system – keeping food moving through the gut and pushing waste out of the body.
Animals, such as cows, sheep and horses, can digest E460 (Cellulose), which is why they can get the energy and nutrients they need from grass.
E460 (Cellulose) has many uses.
In cotton, E460 (Cellulose) makes clothes like t-shirts and jeans.
Paper-making needs huge quantities of E460 (Cellulose), obtained mainly from wood.
E460 (Cellulose), a complex carbohydrate, or polysaccharide, consisting of 3,000 or more glucose units.
The basic structural component of plant cell walls, E460 (Cellulose) comprises about 33 percent of all vegetable matter (90 percent of cotton and 50 percent of wood are E460 (Cellulose)) and is the most abundant of all naturally occurring organic compounds.
Nondigestible by man, E460 (Cellulose) is a food for herbivorous animals (e.g., cows, horses) because they retain it long enough for digestion by microorganisms present in the alimentary tract; protozoans in the gut of insects such as termites also digest E460 (Cellulose).
Of great economic importance, E460 (Cellulose) is processed to produce papers and fibres and is chemically modified to yield substances used in the manufacture of such items as plastics, photographic films, and rayon.
Other E460 (Cellulose) derivatives are used as adhesives, explosives, thickening agents for foods, and in moisture-proof coatings.
E460 (Cellulose) is an odorless, white powdery fibers.
Density: 1.5 g/cm3.
E460 (Cellulose) is The biopolymer composing the cell wall of vegetable tissues.
E460 (Cellulose) is Prepared by treating cotton with an organic solvent to de-wax it and removing pectic acids by extration with a solution of sodium hydroxide.
The principal fiber composing the cell wall of vegetable tissues (wood, cotton, flax, grass, etc.).
Technical uses depend on the strength and flexibility of its fibers.
E460 (Cellulose) is Insoluble in water.
E460 (Cellulose) is Soluble with chemical degradation in sulfuric acid, and in concentrated solutions of zinc chloride.
E460 (Cellulose) is Soluble in aqueous solutions of cupric ammonium hydroxide (Cu(NH3)4(OH)2).
E460 (Cellulose) is a substance found in the cell walls of plants.
Although E460 (Cellulose) is not a component of the human body, it is nevertheless the most abundant organic macromolecule on Earth.
The scientific community first observed E460 (Cellulose) in 1833 when E460 (Cellulose) was studied in plant cell walls.
The chemical structure of E460 (Cellulose) resembles that of starch, but unlike starch, E460 (Cellulose) is extremely rigid.
This rigidity imparts great strength to the plant body and protection to the interiors of plant cells.
E460 (Cellulose) is a polysaccharide (C6H10O5)x of glucose units that constitutes the chief part of the cell walls of plants, occurs naturally in such fibrous products as cotton and kapok, and is the raw material of many manufactured goods (such as paper, rayon, and cellophane).
E460 (Cellulose) is an inert carbohydrate, (C6H10O5)n, the chief constituent of the cell walls of plants and of wood, cotton, hemp, paper, etc.
E460 (Cellulose) is an organic polymer, composed of several glucose units.
E460 (Cellulose) is found everywhere in nature, for example in wood, green plants, cotton, flowers, linen, and hemp.
In nature, E460 (Cellulose) is found as fibers made of the several E460 (Cellulose) polymers.
In wood and plants, the fibers create a network, in which the fibers are attached to each other by mechanical forces and hydrogen bonds.
E460 (Cellulose) is the most abundant biopolymer on earth.
E460 (Cellulose) occurs in plant cell walls and in bacteria.
Common materials containing high amounts of E460 (Cellulose) are wood, paper, and cotton.
E460 (Cellulose) is a water-insoluble polysaccharide that humans can not digest.
E460 (Cellulose) is a linear polymer of beta-1,4 linked glucose building blocks, with chains arranged in microfibrils held together by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. E460 (Cellulose) is related to but distinct from starch, a water-soluble carbohydrate containing alpha-1,4 linked glucose building blocks that is digestible by humans.
The major component in the rigid cell walls in plants is E460 (Cellulose).
E460 (Cellulose) is a linear polysaccharide polymer with many glucose monosaccharide units.
The acetal linkage is beta which makes it different from starch.
This peculiar difference in acetal linkages results in a major difference in digestibility in humans.
Humans are unable to digest E460 (Cellulose) because the appropriate enzymes to breakdown the beta acetal linkages are lacking.
Indigestible E460 (Cellulose) is the fiber which aids in the smooth working of the intestinal tract.
E460 (Cellulose) is a molecule comprised of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and is found in the cellular structure of virtually all plant matter.
E460 (Cellulose), which is considered the most abundant on earth, is even excreted by some bacteria.
E460 (Cellulose) provides structure and strength to the cell walls of plants and provides fiber in our diets.
Although some animals, such as ruminants, can digest E460 (Cellulose), humans cannot.
E460 (Cellulose) falls into the category of indigestible carbohydrates known as dietary fiber.
In recent years, E460 (Cellulose) has become a popular food additive due to its unique chemical and physical properties when combined with water.
Although E460 (Cellulose) can be found in most plant matter, the most economical sources of industrial E460 (Cellulose) are cotton and wood pulp.
E460 (Cellulose) is made up of a series of sugar molecules linked together in a long chain.
Since E460 (Cellulose) is a fiber that makes up plant cell walls, it’s found in all plant foods.
When you eat food that contains E460 (Cellulose), E460 (Cellulose) stays intact as it passes through your small intestine.
Humans do not have the enzymes needed to break down E460 (Cellulose).
E460 (Cellulose) is also an insoluble fiber and does not dissolve in water.
When E460 (Cellulose) is consumed, insoluble fibers can help push food through the digestive system and support regular bowel movements.
In addition to their role in healthy digestion, dietary fibers like E460 (Cellulose) may promote health in other ways.
Studies suggest that high dietary fiber intake may reduce the risk of several diseases, including gastric cancer and heart disease.
E460 (Cellulose) probably is the most abundant organic compound in the world which mostly produced by plants.
E460 (Cellulose) is the most structural component in herbal cells and tissues.
E460 (Cellulose) is a natural long chain polymer that plays an important role in human food cycle indirectly.
E460 (Cellulose) has versatile uses in many industries such as veterinary foods, wood and paper, fibers and clothes, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries as excipient. E460 (Cellulose) has very semi-synthetic derivatives which is extensively used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
E460 (Cellulose) ethers and E460 (Cellulose) esters are two main groups of E460 (Cellulose) derivatives with different physicochemical and mechanical properties.
E460 (Cellulose) ethers and E460 (Cellulose) esters are broadly used in the formulation of dosage forms and healthcare products.
E460 (Cellulose) ethers and E460 (Cellulose) esters are playing important roles in different types of pharmaceuticals such as extended and delayed release coated dosage forms, extended and controlled release matrices, osmotic drug delivery systems, bioadhesives and mucoadhesives, compression tablets as compressibility enhancers, liquid dosage forms as thickening agents and stabilizers, granules and tablets as binders, semisolid preparations as gelling agents and many other applications.
These polymeric materials have also been used as filler, taste masker, free-flowing agents and pressure sensitive adhesives in transdermal patches.
Nowadays E460 (Cellulose) and E460 (Cellulose) based polymers have gained agreat popularity in pharmaceutical industries and become more and more important in this field owing to production of the new derivatives and finding new applications for existed compounds by pharmaceutical researchers.
Pure E460 (Cellulose) is available in different forms in the market with very different mechanical and pharmaceutical properties.
The difference between various forms of E460 (Cellulose) is related to the shape, size and degree of crystallinity of their particles (fibrous or agglomerated). Microcrystalline E460 (Cellulose) (MCC) is the most known E460 (Cellulose) which extensively used in pharmaceutical industries.
Microcrystalline E460 (Cellulose) grades are multifunctional pharmaceutical excipients which can be used as compressibility enhancer, binder in wet and dry granulation processes, thickener and viscosity builder in liquid dosage forms and free-flowing agents in solid dosage forms.
Mechanical properties of Microcrystalline E460 (Cellulose) grades are greatly influenced by their particle size and degree of crystallization.
In recent years the new grades of Microcrystalline E460 (Cellulose) are prepared with improved pharmaceutical characteristics such as silisified Microcrystalline E460 (Cellulose) (SMCC) and second generation Microcrystalline E460 (Cellulose) grades or Microcrystalline E460 (Cellulose) type II (MCC-II).
These grades are prepared by co-processing of E460 (Cellulose) with other substances such as colloidal silicon dioxide or by special chemical procedures.
Other types of available pure E460 (Cellulose) are powdered E460 (Cellulose) (PC) and low crystallinity powdered E460 (Cellulose) (LCPC).
Regenerated E460 (Cellulose) is one of the other forms of processed E460 (Cellulose) which produced by chemical processing on natural E460 (Cellulose).
In the first step, E460 (Cellulose) dissolves in alkali and carbon disulfide to make a solution called "viscose".
Viscose reconverted to E460 (Cellulose) by passing through a bath of dilute sulfuric acid and sodium sulphate.
Reconverted E460 (Cellulose) passed through several more baths for sulfur removing, bleaching and adding a plasticizer (glycerin) to form a transparent film called cellophane.
Cellophane has several applications in pharmaceutical packaging due to its suitable characteristics such as good compatibility, durability, transparency and elasticity.
History
E460 (Cellulose) was discovered in 1838 by the French chemist Anselme Payen, who isolated it from plant matter and determined its chemical formula.
E460 (Cellulose) was used to produce the first successful thermoplastic polymer, celluloid, by Hyatt Manufacturing Company in 1870.
Production of rayon ("artificial silk") from E460 (Cellulose) began in the 1890s and cellophane was invented in 1912.
Hermann Staudinger determined the polymer structure of E460 (Cellulose) in 1920.
E460 (Cellulose) was first chemically synthesized (without the use of any biologically derived enzymes) in 1992, by Kobayashi and Shoda.
Polymers Made From E460 (Cellulose)
Not only is E460 (Cellulose) everywhere in nature, E460 (Cellulose) was also used to make some of the first synthetic polymers like E460 (Cellulose) nitrate, E460 (Cellulose) acetate, and rayon. Forms of these polymers are still made and used today.
-E460 (Cellulose) nitrate - also called nitrous E460 (Cellulose) or nitroE460 (Cellulose) for short - was originally used to make plastics often used as imitation ivory.
It was also used to make motion picture film.
But it was highly explosive and caused a lot of fires in movie theaters.
This stuff is still around in a much safer form which is still used for plastics and clear lacquer coating for furniture, musical instruments and other wood objects.
-E460 (Cellulose) acetate was what replaced E460 (Cellulose) nitrate in movie film.
It is not explosive and is still used to make film negative, print film and clear plastic sheets.
In the old days of movies it was often called celluloid, and this name is still used to refer to movie film, even though a lot of the release prints for movies are now made of more durable polyester.
E460 (Cellulose) acetate is also used to make fibers for acetate fabric.
-Rayon was originally a fiber made from E460 (Cellulose) nitrate.
But like the plastic and film versions it was also very flammable.
The new rayon - made from E460 (Cellulose) xanthate - is much safer and less flammable than the old stuff.
Rayon is pretty popular for fabric because it has a lot of the qualities of natural plant fibers.
This makes sense, since that's what it is made from.
But it also has a smooth texture that makes it shiny like silk.
One of the first uses of rayon was as an inexpensive replacement for silk.
The hydroxyl groups of E460 (Cellulose) can be partially or fully reacted with various reagents to afford derivatives with useful properties.
E460 (Cellulose) esters and E460 (Cellulose) ethers are the most important commercial materials.
In principle, though not always in current industrial practice, cellulosic polymers are renewable resources.
Among the esters are E460 (Cellulose) acetate and E460 (Cellulose) triacetate, which are film- and fiber-forming materials that find a variety of uses.
The inorganic ester nitroE460 (Cellulose) was initially used as an explosive and was an early film forming material.
Ether derivatives include
-EthylE460 (Cellulose), a water-insoluble commercial thermoplastic used in coatings, inks, binders, and controlled-release drug tablets;
-MethylE460 (Cellulose);
-Hydroxypropyl E460 (Cellulose);
-Carboxymethyl E460 (Cellulose);
-Hydroxypropyl methyl E460 (Cellulose), E464, used as a viscosity modifier, gelling agent, foaming agent and binding agent;
-Hydroxyethyl methyl E460 (Cellulose), used in production of E460 (Cellulose) films.
Structure Of E460 (Cellulose)
Like starch, E460 (Cellulose) is composed of a long chain of at least 500 glucose molecules.
E460 (Cellulose) is, thus, a polysaccharide (Latin for “many sugars”).
Several of these polysaccharide chains are arranged in parallel arrays to form E460 (Cellulose) microfibrils.
The individual polysaccharide chains are bound together in the microfibrils by hydrogen bonds.
The microfibrils, in turn, are bundled together to form macrofibrils.
The microfibrils of E460 (Cellulose) are extremely tough and inflexible due to the presence of hydrogen bonds.
In fact, when describing the structure of E460 (Cellulose) microfibrils, chemists call their arrangement crystalline, meaning that the microfibrils have crystal-like properties.
Although starch has the same basic structure as E460 (Cellulose)—it is also a polysaccharide—the glucose subunits are bonded in such a way that allows the starch molecule to twist.
In other words, the starch molecule is flexible, while the E460 (Cellulose) molecule is rigid.
Glucose, the building block of E460 (Cellulose) and starch, can form six-membered rings with two distinct stereoisomers called the alpha and beta anomer.
The only difference between alpha and beta glucose is at carbon C1.
The disaccharide cellobiose (reload initial scene) is a breakdown product of E460 (Cellulose) which shows the beta 1,4 linkage between two glucose molecules also present in E460 (Cellulose).
"beta 1,4" refers to a glycosidic link between the anomeric carbon in beta configuration of one glucose molecule with carbon 4 of the other glucose molecule.
In contrast, starches (specifically the linear form amylose) can be broken down to maltose, a stereoisomer of cellobiose showing an alpha 1,4 linkage.
Thus, it is the type of glycosidic linkage that distinguishes E460 (Cellulose) from starches at the molecular level.
Longer chains of beta 1,4 linked glucoses are found in E460 (Cellulose).
When E460 (Cellulose) is synthesized, these chains are made individually (E460 (Cellulose) chain during biosynthesis).
Again, the linkages are all of the beta 1,4 type.
In this structure, monomers are added to polymer chain inside the cell and secreted through the membrane, surrounded by the enzyme throughout.
Once secreted, individual E460 (Cellulose) chains self-assemble to from semi-crystalline E460 (Cellulose) micro-fibrils.
There are multiple forms of E460 (Cellulose) (I alpha and beta, II, III) which differ in the orientation and the detailed interactions between linear polymers.
Forms of E460 (Cellulose)
E460 (Cellulose) can be found on ingredient lists under a variety of names, depending on which form is used.
Although E460 (Cellulose) has the same molecular structure regardless of the source (wood pulp, cotton, or other vegetable matter), how the molecules are bonded together and whether or not they are hydrated creates different “forms” of E460 (Cellulose).
Powdered E460 (Cellulose) is the most widely used in food products and is the form of choice for anti-caking applications.
E460 (Cellulose) gum or E460 (Cellulose) gel, which are hydrated forms of E460 (Cellulose), are often used in sauces or other wet items like ice cream and frozen yogurt.
E460 (Cellulose) may also be found on ingredient lists under the names carboxymethylE460 (Cellulose), microcrystalline E460 (Cellulose), or MCC.
Sources of E460 (Cellulose)
Fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, nuts, seeds, and other plant foods contain varying amounts of E460 (Cellulose).
The skin of plant foods usually has more E460 (Cellulose) than the flesh.
Celery, in particular, is very high in E460 (Cellulose).
If you have ever gotten stringy pieces from celery stuck between your teeth, then you have felt E460 (Cellulose) in action.
E460 (Cellulose) is also a common food additive.
When used in this way, E460 (Cellulose) is either taken from wood or waste from the production of plant foods, such as oat hulls or peanut and almond skins.
Other names for E460 (Cellulose) added to foods include:
E460 (Cellulose) gum
microcrystalline E460 (Cellulose)
sodium carboxymethyl E460 (Cellulose)
microcrystalline E460 (Cellulose)
E460 (Cellulose) may be added to shredded cheese or dried spice blends to prevent clumps.
E460 (Cellulose) is also found in some ice creams and frozen yogurts, particularly low fat varieties, to help thicken or mix the product and provide thickness in the absence of fat.
Bread products may be enriched with E460 (Cellulose) to boost their fiber content.
In addition, E460 (Cellulose) can provide bulk to diet or low calorie foods, such as meal replacement shakes, to make them filling without increasing the total calories.
It’s worth noting that dietary fibers in general are added to many food products, even things like yogurts and ground meats.
If you’re interested in whether the products you buy contain E460 (Cellulose) or another added fiber, check the ingredients list.
Finally, E460 (Cellulose) is available in supplement form.
E460 (Cellulose) supplements often contain a modified version of E460 (Cellulose) that forms a gel in the digestive tract.
Makers of these supplements claim that they help fill you up, lower calorie intake, and promote weight loss.
However, it’s unclear whether E460 (Cellulose) supplements live up to their claims.
A manufacturer-funded study on the weight loss effects of the E460 (Cellulose) supplement Plenity found that people who took the supplement lost more weight than those who took a placebo after 24 weeks. Still, more long-term studies are needed.
How E460 (Cellulose) Is Used in Food
-Fiber Supplement:
With rising awareness about fiber intake, E460 (Cellulose) has become one of the most popular food additives.
Adding E460 (Cellulose) to food allows an increase in bulk and fiber content without a major impact on flavor.
Since E460 (Cellulose) binds and mixes easily with water, it is often added to increase the fiber content of drinks and other liquid items when the gritty texture of regular fiber supplements would be undesirable.
Calorie Reducer: E460 (Cellulose) provides a lot of volume or bulk of food but because it is indigestible to humans, it has no caloric value. For this reason, E460 (Cellulose) has become a popular bulking agent in diet foods. Consumers who eat foods with high E460 (Cellulose) content feel full physically and psychologically without having consumed many calories.
-Thickening/Emulsifying:
The gelling action of E460 (Cellulose) when combined with water provides both thickening and stabilizing qualities in the food to which it is added.
E460 (Cellulose) gel acts similarly to an emulsion, suspending ingredients within a solution and preventing water from separating out.
E460 (Cellulose) is often added to sauces for both the thickening and emulsifying action.
The thickening power of E460 (Cellulose) also allows for more air to be whipped into products like ice cream, or whipped topping.
E460 (Cellulose) allows for the production of thick and creamy food items without the use of as much fat.
-Anti-caking:
E460 (Cellulose)’s ability to absorb moisture and coat ingredients in a fine powder makes it the ingredient of choice for anti-caking applications.
Shredded and grated cheeses, spice mixes, and powdered drink mixes are just a few of the many food items that take advantage of E460 (Cellulose) as an anti-caking agent.
SYNONYMS
Cotton linters
E460 (Cellulose) powder
E460 when used as an emulsifier
HydroxyE460 (Cellulose)
PyroE460 (Cellulose)
