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E578 Calcium gluconate is the calcium salt of gluconic acid, formed when gluconic acid is neutralized with calcium, and it is used mainly as a calcium source, stabilizer, sequestrant, acidity regulator, and firming agent in food, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications because it provides a highly bioavailable and gentle form of calcium with good solubility in water.
E578 Calcium gluconate is widely used in medical and nutritional calcium supplementation.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves calcium delivery and formulation compatibility.
CAS Number: 299-28-5
Molecular Formula: C12H22CaO14
Molecular Weight: 430.37
EINECS Number: 206-075-8
Synonyms:CALCIUM GLUCONATE, 299-28-5, Calcium D-gluconate, D-Gluconic acid calcium salt (2:1), Calglucon, Calcicol, Calciofon, Calcipur, Calglucol, Dragocal, Glucobiogen, Ebucin, Kalpren, Novocal, Calcarea gluconica, Calcium di-gluconate, Gluconate de calcium, Calcium hexagluconate, Calcium gluconate anhydrous, Gluconato di calcio, Calcium gluconate anhydrous, Glucas, SQE6VB453K, INS NO.578, Gluconic acid calcium salt (2:1) D-, INS-578, NSC-744619, CHEBI:3309, DTXSID2029618, E-578, H-f antidote, Gluconate Calcium, RefChem:5635, 23% Calcium Gluconate, Calcium Gluconate 1.5%, GZE CUTICLE REMOVER, Sykes Calcium Gluconate 23%, DTXCID609618, Calcium Gluconate 23% Solution, CALCIUM GLUCONATE IN SODIUM CHLORIDE, 206-075-8, 605-881-0, 625-236-7, Glucal, Gluconate Calcium, MFCD00064209, calcium (2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate, calcium;(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate, Gluconic Acid Calcium Salt, D-Gluconic acid calcium salt, 2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxycaproic Acid hemicalcium salt, D-gluconic acid calcium salt, Gluconate (Calcium), Calcium D-gluconate (1:2), Gluconate de calcium [French], Gluconato di calcio [Italian], CCRIS 1336, HSDB 994, Calcium Gluconate [USAN:JAN], EINECS 206-075-8, C12H22CaO14, UNII-SQE6VB453K, Gluconic acid calcium salt, Calcium D-gluconate hemicalcium salt, calcium di(D-gluconate), Calcium gluconate hydrate, Calcium gluconate USP, SCHEMBL24132, CALCIUM GLUCONATE [MI], MSK158694Ca, orb1310641, CALCIUM GLUCONATE [FCC], CALCIUM GLUCONATE [HSDB], CHEMBL2106119, CALCIUM GLUCONATE [VANDF], CALCIUM GLUCONATE [WHO-DD], CALCIUM GLUCONATE [WHO-IP], EBC-27072, AKOS015895893, CALCII GLUCONAS [WHO-IP LATIN], CALCIUM GLUCONATE [ORANGE BOOK], DB11126, MG07602, NSC 744619, CALCIUM GLUCONATE [USP IMPURITY], CALCIUM GLUCONATE [USP MONOGRAPH], AS-80559, CALCIUM GLUCONATE ANHYDROUS [USP-RS], G0037, NS00078671, C08133, D00935, F85235, Q413739, CALCIUM GLUCONATE ANHYDROUS [EP MONOGRAPH], Z2768168188, CALCIUM GLUCONATE;GLUCONIC ACID HEMICALCIUM SALT;D-GLUCONIC ACID CALCIUM SALT;2,3,4,5,6-PENTAHYDROXYCAPROIC ACID HEMICALCIUM SALT;calcicol;calcipur;CalciumD-gluconate,medicinal;Calciumgluconatehydrate
E578 Calcium gluconate consists of a gluconate ion (derived from glucose oxidation) combined with calcium ions (Ca²⁺), forming a relatively stable organic calcium complex that is less reactive than many inorganic calcium salts.
E578 Calcium gluconate structure allows controlled calcium release in biological and food systems.
This improves bioavailability and chemical stability.
E578 Calcium gluconate appears as a white crystalline powder or granules, is odorless, and is moderately to highly soluble in water depending on conditions.
It is stable under normal storage and non-volatile.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves handling and formulation flexibility.
E578 Calcium gluconate acts primarily as a calcium supplement and stabilizing agent, helping prevent calcium deficiency in food systems while also binding certain metal ions and improving product stability in some formulations.
It is also known for its gentle taste compared to other calcium salts.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves nutritional value and sensory compatibility.
E578 Calcium gluconate is best described as a highly bioavailable calcium salt of gluconic acid used to supply calcium, stabilize formulations, regulate mineral balance, and support nutritional fortification in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and industrial applications.
E578 Calcium gluconate is the European food additive code for calcium gluconate, a calcium salt of gluconic acid.
It is an odorless, white powder used primarily as a firming agent, acidity regulator, and dietary supplement in the food, beverage, and pharmaceutical industries.
E578 Calcium gluconate is the calcium salt of gluconate, being an oxidative product of glucose containing 9.3% calcium.
E578 Calcium gluconate is a kind of mineral supplement and medication.
It can be used for vein injection to treat the low blood calcium, high blood potassium, and magnesium toxicity.
E578 Calcium gluconate is required only when there is not enough calcium in the diet.
It is also used for the treatment of black widow spider bites to relieve muscle cramping and treatment of osteoporosis or rickets.
E578 Calcium gluconate can also be used to decrease the capillary permeability in allergic conditions, nonthrombocytopenic purpura and exudative dermatoses.
E578 Calcium gluconate is the calcium salt of gluconic acid and is used as a mineral supplement and medication.
As a medication it is used by injection into a vein to treat low blood calcium, high blood potassium, and magnesium toxicity.
Supplementation is generally only required when there is not enough calcium in the diet.
Supplementation may be done to treat or prevent osteoporosis or rickets.
E578 Calcium gluconate can also be taken by mouth but is not recommended for injection into a muscle.
E578 Calcium gluconate is also important in clinical calcium physiology, because it is one of the preferred calcium salts for medical use due to its relatively low irritation compared with more reactive inorganic salts like calcium chloride, making it suitable for controlled calcium administration in sensitive situations.
This is especially relevant in emergency and hospital care.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves medical tolerability and safety control.
E578 Calcium gluconate is used because it can restore calcium levels in conditions like hypocalcemia or calcium-channel blocker toxicity, where rapid but controlled calcium availability is needed to stabilize muscle contraction and cardiac function.
It is often administered under strict medical supervision.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves acute medical intervention and physiological stabilization.
E578 Calcium gluconate plays a role in restoring calcium levels without causing excessive pH disruption in biological systems, since the gluconate ligand moderates the reactivity of calcium ions compared to simpler salts.
This helps reduce side effects during supplementation.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves electrolyte stability and physiological compatibility.
In food fortification engineering, E578 Calcium gluconate is used because calcium often causes precipitation when added to acidic drinks, but the gluconate form helps improve solubility and reduces unwanted cloudiness in carefully designed formulations.
E578 Calcium gluconate is a major challenge in calcium-fortified beverages.
This improves clarity and mineral stability.
E578 Calcium gluconate strengthens cell wall structure by interacting with pectin, helping maintain firmness in processed fruits and vegetables and reducing softening during storage, heating, or transport.
This is important for canned and packaged foods.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves texture retention and product durability.
In protein and hydrocolloid systems, E578 Calcium gluconate influences gel formation and network strength in ingredients like alginates, carrageenan, and pectin, allowing food technologists to control firmness, elasticity, and water retention.
This is widely used in structured foods and desserts.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves texture control and food structure design.
E578 Calcium gluconate is used as a mild mineral stabilizer and skin-conditioning agent, helping maintain ionic balance in aqueous systems while supporting formulation stability without causing strong irritation.
It is suitable for sensitive-skin products.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves cosmetic gentleness and stability.
Melting point: 195°C
Boiling point: 400℃ [at 101 325 Pa]
alpha: 10.2 º (c=1, H2O 22 ºC)
Density: 1.677 [at 20℃]
vapor pressure: 0.004 Pa at 20℃
storage temp.: Inert atmosphere, Room Temperature
solubility: Sparingly soluble in water, freely soluble in boiling water.
form: Crystals or Crystalline Powder
color: White
PH: pH 6.0～8.0
Odor: at 100.00%. odorless
biological source: synthetic (organic)
Water Solubility: 3.3 g/100mL
Hydrolytic Sensitivity: 0: forms stable aqueous solutions
Merck: 14,1669
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Major Application: pharmaceutical (small molecule)
Cosmetics Ingredients Functions: CHELATING; SKIN CONDITIONING - MISCELLANEOUS
Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR): Calcium gluconate (299-28-5)
InChI: 1S/2C6H12O7.Ca/c27-1-2(8)3(9)4(10)5(11)6(12)13;/h22-5,7-11H,1H2,(H,12,13);/q;;+2/p-2/t2*2-,3-,4+,5-;/m11./s1
InChIKey: KYUVBRZSDFBLTH-OSQBQZLYSA-M
SMILES: OCC@@HC@@HC@HC@@HC(=O)O[Ca]OC(=O)C@HC@@HC@HC@HCO
LogP: -5.31 at 20℃
E578 Calcium gluconate came into medical use in the 1920s.
E578 Calcium gluconate is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
E578 Calcium gluconate is available as a generic medication.
E578 Calcium gluconate is widely used in medical and pharmaceutical applications, where it is one of the most important calcium supplements, especially in emergency medicine for treating acute calcium deficiency (hypocalcemia) because it provides calcium in a controlled and well-tolerated form.
It is commonly used in oral and intravenous formulations under medical supervision.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves clinical calcium replacement and patient safety.
E578 Calcium gluconate is used in tablets, effervescent drinks, and fortified foods because it is relatively gentle on the digestive system and does not cause the strong irritation or chalky taste associated with some other calcium salts.
This makes it suitable for long-term supplementation.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves compliance and digestive tolerance.
In food fortification systems, E578 Calcium gluconate is used to increase calcium content in beverages, dairy alternatives, and functional foods without significantly affecting taste or causing precipitation in properly formulated systems.
Its gluconate form improves solubility compared to many inorganic calcium sources.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves mineral enrichment and product stability.
E578 Calcium gluconate is used as a firming agent because calcium strengthens plant cell walls by interacting with pectin, helping maintain texture in canned or processed fruits and vegetables.
E578 Calcium gluconate reduces softening during storage and heating.
This improves texture retention and structural stability.
In beverage stabilization, E578 Calcium gluconate is used carefully because calcium can interact with acids and proteins, but the gluconate form helps reduce unwanted precipitation compared to less soluble calcium salts.
This is important in fortified juices and plant-based drinks.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves clarity and mineral stability.
E578 Calcium gluconate is used as a skin-conditioning and stabilizing agent, helping maintain mineral balance in water-based products while also supporting formulation stability.
It is generally considered mild and well tolerated.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves skin compatibility and product stability.
In industrial applications, E578 Calcium gluconate is used as a sequestrant and stabilizer that can bind metal ions, helping reduce unwanted reactions like oxidation or discoloration in aqueous systems.
E578 Calcium gluconate is also used in some concrete and construction-related formulations for controlled setting properties.
This improves industrial stability and material performance.
In biological and biochemical relevance, E578 Calcium gluconate is essential for bone formation, muscle contraction, nerve signaling, and blood clotting, making calcium gluconate highly relevant as a physiologically compatible calcium delivery form.
Its organic ligand improves absorption characteristics.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves metabolic compatibility and nutritional value.
In environmental chemistry, E578 Calcium gluconate is biodegradable because gluconate can be metabolized by microorganisms, making it relatively environmentally friendly compared to some synthetic chelating agents.
This supports its use in greener formulations.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves biodegradability and sustainability.
E578 Calcium gluconate helps control gel formation and firmness in systems containing pectin or other hydrocolloids, influencing texture in jams, jellies, and processed fruit products.
This is important in controlled gel structure design.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves texture engineering and product consistency.
In industrial applications, calcium gluconate is used as a sequestrant to bind metal ions such as iron and copper, which can otherwise catalyze oxidation reactions or discoloration in liquid systems.
It is also explored in construction materials for controlled setting properties.
This improves oxidation control and material performance.
In biochemical relevance, calcium plays essential roles in nerve transmission, muscle contraction, enzyme regulation, and bone mineralization, and the gluconate form helps deliver calcium in a biologically compatible and absorbable way.
This makes it widely used in nutritional science.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves metabolic compatibility and physiological relevance.
E578 Calcium gluconate is considered relatively biodegradable because gluconate can be metabolized by microorganisms, reducing long-term environmental persistence compared with synthetic chelators.
This makes it more compatible with sustainable formulation practices.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves biodegradability and environmental safety.
In food formulation strategy, it is often chosen when both calcium enrichment and minimal taste impact are required, since it has a milder sensory profile than many other calcium salts, especially in neutral or slightly acidic systems.
E578 Calcium gluconate helps maintain product palatability.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves sensörü neutrality and formulation flexibility.
Uses Of E578 Calcium gluconate:
E578 Calcium gluconate is used as an inert ingredient in pesticide formulations applied to crops.
E578 Calcium gluconate is also used as a supplement to fortify beverages and foods lacking a sufficient amount of calcium.
E578 Calcium gluconate is a white crystalline granule or powder that functions as a firming agent, formulation aid, sequestrant, and sta- bilizer at room temperature the anhydrous form has a solubility of approximately 1 g in 30 ml of water, which improves in boiling water to approximately 1 g in 5 ml of water.
E578 Calcium gluconate also exists as calcium gluconate (monohydrate).
E578 Calcium gluconate is used as a source of calcium ions for sodium alginate gels, and as a calcium fortifier in baked goods, pud- dings, and dairy product analogs.
E578 Calcium gluconate functions as a coagulation aid in milk and instant pudding powders and as a means of masking the bitter aftertaste of some artificial sweeteners.
E578 Calcium gluconate is mainly used as a calcium source, firming agent, stabilizer, and sequestrant because it helps supply bioavailable calcium, strengthen texture, and stabilize formulations.
In pharmaceuticals, E578 Calcium gluconate is used for calcium supplementation and medical treatment of deficiency.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves clinical calcium management.
In food and beverages, it is used for calcium fortification.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves nutritional value and bone health support.
In fruit and vegetable processing, it is used as a firming agent.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves texture and structural stability.
In cosmetics, E578 Calcium gluconate is used as a stabilizer and skin-conditioning ingredient.
This improves product compatibility and stability.
In industrial systems, it is used as a mild chelating and stabilizing agent.
This improves formulation stability and process control.
E578 Calcium gluconate is mainly used as a calcium source, firming agent, stabilizer, and sequestrant because it helps supply bioavailable calcium, strengthen structure, and stabilize formulations.
In medical applications, it is used for calcium supplementation and emergency treatment.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves clinical calcium control.
In food and beverages, it is used for calcium fortification.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves nutritional value and bone health support.
In fruit and vegetable processing, it is used as a firming agent.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves texture and structural stability.
In cosmetics, it is used as a stabilizer and mild conditioning ingredient.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves skin compatibility and product stability.
In industrial systems, it is used as a chelating and stabilizing agent.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves formulation stability and process control.
E578 Calcium gluconate is mainly used as a calcium source, firming agent, stabilizer, and sequestrant because it helps supply bioavailable calcium, improve texture in foods, and stabilize formulations by binding metal ions.
In medical and pharmaceutical applications, it is used for calcium supplementation, especially in cases of calcium deficiency (hypocalcemia) and in emergency treatments where controlled calcium delivery is needed.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves clinical calcium management and patient safety.
In food and beverage fortification, E578 Calcium gluconate is used to increase calcium content in products such as fortified drinks, dairy alternatives, and functional foods without strongly affecting taste or causing excessive precipitation when properly formulated.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves nutritional value and mineral enrichment.
E578 Calcium gluconate is used as a firming agent to strengthen plant cell walls by interacting with pectin, helping maintain texture during heating, storage, and processing.
This improves product firmness and structural stability.
In cosmetic and personal care products, it is used as a stabilizing and skin-conditioning ingredient in creams, gels, and lotions, helping maintain formulation stability and mild mineral balance.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves product stability and skin compatibility.
In industrial systems, it is used as a mild sequestrant and stabilizer that binds metal ions and helps prevent unwanted reactions such as oxidation, discoloration, or instability in aqueous formulations.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves process stability and product quality.
Safety Profile Of E578 Calcium gluconate:
Moderately toxic by subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, and intravenous routes.
Human systemic effects in infants by intramuscular route: dermatitis and fever.
When heated to decomposition E578 Calcium gluconate emits acrid smoke and fumes.
E578 Calcium gluconate is generally considered a low hazard substance, especially in food and pharmaceutical use, because it is a calcium salt of a naturally occurring organic acid and is widely used in medical settings. However, risks can still appear with high exposure or improper handling.
The main hazard is mild irritation of the eyes, skin, and respiratory system, usually caused by dust during industrial handling or contact with concentrated solutions.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves workplace handling awareness.
Skin contact is generally low risk, but prolonged exposure to dry powder or concentrated solutions may cause slight dryness or mild irritation.
Washing with water is sufficient.
Eye contact may cause mechanical irritation, especially from fine particles or direct exposure to powder.
Eye protection is recommended in industrial environments.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves handling safety.
Inhalation of dust may cause temporary respiratory irritation, particularly in poorly ventilated areas where fine particles are present.
Dust control or ventilation is recommended.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves occupational safety.
From a toxicological perspective, calcium gluconate is considered safe within regulated dietary and medical limits, but excessive calcium intake over time may contribute to hypercalcemia (high blood calcium levels), which can affect kidney function and mineral balance, especially in sensitive individuals.
E578 Calcium gluconate requires controlled supplementation.
E578 Calcium gluconate improves nutritional safety awareness.
