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E967 (Xylitol)

CAS NO.: 87-99-0
EC/LIST NO.: 201-788-0

E967 (Xylitol) is a chemical compound with the formula C5H12O5, or HO(CH2)(CHOH)3(CH2)OH; specifically, one particular stereoisomer with that structural formula.
E967 (Xylitol) is a colorless or white crystalline solid that is soluble in water.
E967 (Xylitol) can be classified as a polyalcohol and a sugar alcohol, specifically an alditol.
The name derives from Ancient Greek: ξύλον, xyl[on], "wood", with the suffix -itol used to denote sugar alcohols.

E967 (Xylitol) is used as a food additive and sugar substitute. Its European Union code number is E967.
Replacing sugar with E967 (Xylitol) in food products may promote better dental health, but evidence is lacking on whether E967 (Xylitol) itself prevents dental cavities.

E967 (Xylitol) was grown by German French chemists in the 19th and the food industry began to be used in 1960.
E967 (Xylitol) is a sweetener that is used to feed in the country Russia, such as the country where Russia lives.
Intended for use in unlimited quantities in the United States for the purpose of utilizing food ingredients.

E967 (Xylitol) was accepted as a no-E967 (Xylitol) sweetener in 1983 by JECFA, a branch of WHO (World Health Organization) and FAO, and has been used until now.

E967 (Xylitol) isn't exactly sugar.
Sweeteners such as sorbitol, other glucose or fructose consist of 6 carbons, while E967 (Xylitol) consists of 5 carbons.

Hemicellulose is hydrolyzed, formula C5H12O5 DKylose is produced.
If dxylose is obtained, E967 (Xylitol) is obtained.

E967 (Xylitol) is in the form of white crystals and has a pleasant minty flavor.
E967 (Xylitol) has no effect.

E967 (Xylitol) is a sugar alcohol, which is a type of carbohydrate and does not actually contain alcohol.
E967 (Xylitol) occurs naturally in small amounts in fibrous fruits and vegetables, trees, corncobs, and even the human body.

Manufacturers use E967 (Xylitol) as a sugar substitute because its sweetness is comparable with that of table sugar but with fewer calories.

E967 (Xylitol) is a common ingredient in many products, from sugar-free chewing gum to toothpaste.
People also use E967 (Xylitol) as a table-top sweetener and in baking.

In this article, we look at the uses and potential health benefits of E967 (Xylitol).
We also cover its side effects, drug interactions, dosage, and alternatives

E967 (Xylitol) is a five-carbon sugar alcohol derived from XYLOSE by reduction of the carbonyl group.
E967 (Xylitol) is as sweet as sucrose and used as a noncariogenic sweetener.

E967 (Xylitol) is a substance classified as a sugar alcohol (or polyalcohol).

Sugar alcohols are like hybrids of a sugar molecule and an alcohol molecule.
Their structure gives them the ability to stimulate sweet taste receptors on the tongue.

E967 (Xylitol) is found in small amounts in many fruits and vegetables and is therefore considered natural.
Humans produce small amounts through normal metabolism.

E967 (Xylitol) is a product that is frequently used in chewing gums, chocolate candy, candy, mint, diabetes-friendly foods and oral care products.

Chewing gum with artificial sweetener containing E967 (Xylitol) also helps mechanical teeth cleaning;
E967 (Xylitol) also stops the growth of caries-forming bacteria thanks to artificial sugars.

Because E967 (Xylitol) (E967 (Xylitol)) is a refined sweetener, it does not contain any vitamins, minerals or protein.
In that sense, they are empty calories.

E967 (Xylitol) can be processed from trees such as birch, but it can also be produced by an industrial process that converts a plant fiber called xylan into E967 (Xylitol).

Although sugar alcohols are technically carbohydrates, most do not raise blood sugar levels and are therefore used as popular sweeteners in "low-fat" products and do not count as "net" carbohydrates.

One of the negative effects of added sugar (and high fructose corn syrup) is that it can raise blood sugar and insulin levels.

Due to its high fructose amount, it can cause insulin resistance and all kinds of metabolic problems when consumed excessively.

E967 (Xylitol) contains zero fructose and has negligible effects on blood sugar and insulin.

E967 (Xylitol) is a naturally occurring alcohol found in most plant material, including many fruits and vegetables.
E967 (Xylitol) is extracted from birch wood to make medicine.

E967 (Xylitol) is widely used as a sugar substitute and in "sugar-free" chewing gums, mints, and other candies.
However, sorbitol is the most commonly used sweetener in sugarless gums because it is less expensive than E967 (Xylitol) and easier to make into commercial products.

People use E967 (Xylitol) to prevent cavities.
E967 (Xylitol) is also used to prevent tooth plaque and ear infection (otitis media), and for many other uses, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.

Dog owners should know that E967 (Xylitol) can be toxic to dogs, even when the relatively small amounts from candies are eaten.
If your dog eats a product that contains E967 (Xylitol), it is important to take the dog to a veterinarian immediately.

E967 (Xylitol) is categorized as a sugar alcohol.

Chemically, sugar alcohols combine traits of sugar molecules and alcohol molecules.
Their structure allows them to stimulate the taste receptors for sweetness on your tongue.

E967 (Xylitol) is found in small amounts in many fruits and vegetables and is therefore considered natural.
Humans even produce small quantities of it via normal metabolism.

E967 (Xylitol) is a common ingredient in sugar-free chewing gums, candies, mints, diabetes-friendly foods and oral-care products.

E967 (Xylitol) has a similar sweetness as regular sugar but contains 40% fewer calories:

Table sugar: 4 calories per gram
E967 (Xylitol): 2.4 calories per gram
Store-bought E967 (Xylitol) appears as a white, crystalline powder.

Since E967 (Xylitol) is a refined sweetener, it doesn’t contain any vitamins, minerals or protein.
In that sense, it provides only empty calories.

E967 (Xylitol) can be processed from trees like birch or from a plant fiber called xylan .

Even though sugar alcohols are technically carbohydrates, most of them do not raise blood sugar levels and thereby don’t count as net carbs, making them popular sweeteners in low-carb products .

Though the word “alcohol” is part of its name, it’s not the same alcohol that makes you drunk.
Sugar alcohols are safe for people with alcohol addictions

One of the low-calorie sugar alcohols.
E967 (Xylitol) is the alcohol form of xylose.
Taking the sweetness value of sucrose as 1, E967 (Xylitol) has a sweetness level of 0.82.
E967 (Xylitol) leaves a cool taste in the mouth.
E967 (Xylitol) is stable below 160 o C and in the pH range of 2-10.
E967 (Xylitol) has a very high moisture absorbing feature and water solubility.
E967 (Xylitol) can be absorbed at a rate of 1/5 compared to glucose.
E967 (Xylitol)s energy value is 3.3-3.9 kcal/g.
The glycemia and insulinemia response to this sugar was found to be low in healthy people and diabetic patients.

E967 (Xylitol) is a naturally occurring substance that is widely used as a sugar substitute.
Chemically, it is a sugar alcohol, and is found naturally in berries, plums, corn, oats, mushrooms, lettuce, trees, and some other fruits.

Commercially, most E967 (Xylitol) is extracted from corn fiber or birch trees.
Although it has been used as a sugar substitute for decades, its popularity has increased dramatically in the last decade due to its low glycemic index and dental plaque fighting properties.

E967 (Xylitol) is a natural sugar alcohol that helps prevents cavities.
You may recognize other sugar alcohols used in sugarless products, such as mannitol and sorbitol.
E967 (Xylitol) is the sugar alcohol that shows the greatest promise for cavity prevention.
E967 (Xylitol) is equal in sweetness and volume to sugar and the granular form can be used in many of the ways that sugar is used, including to sweeten cereals and hot beverages and for baking (except when sugar is needed for yeast to rise)

E967 (Xylitol) is a natural substance that can be found in a variety of fruits and vegetables.
Some of the most common E967 (Xylitol)- rich foods include: berries, mushrooms, corns, and lettuces.
Study results indicate that 4-20 grams of E967 (Xylitol) each day, divided into three or more helpings, can reduce tooth decay and cavities by as much as 70%.
As a point of reference, a single cup of berries contains a little less than one gram of E967 (Xylitol).

E967 (Xylitol) can be difficult to encourage children (especially toddlers) to consistently eat four or more cups of fruit or vegetables each day.
For this reason, E967 (Xylitol) is also available as a sugar substitute, a gum, and as a concentrate in numerous health foods.
No other sugar substitute has been shown to benefit young teeth in the same way.

E967 (Xylitol) should be noted that excessive E967 (Xylitol) consumption does not provide “more” tooth protection.
Sticking to the recommended daily amount is enough to enhance other cavity-reduction efforts, and the effects will last well into the future.

E967 (Xylitol) is an all-natural alternative to sugar.
The substance derives from the fibres of plants and can be extracted from a variety of vegetation including berries, mushrooms, birch bark and corn husks.
E967 (Xylitol)’s also produced in our body naturally.
E967 (Xylitol)s flavour is as sweet as conventional sucrose sugar, but it has only two thirds the calorie count.
Pure E967 (Xylitol) comes in white crystals and looks and tastes like ordinary granulated sugar.
E967 (Xylitol) has been traditionally used in chewing gums, toothpastes and mouthwash as it has a strong sweetening effect but no aftertaste.
From the late 2000s there has been a push to consume it instead of sugar, and its white granular form means it can be used sprinkled or in place of traditional sugar in cooking and baking in the exact same quantity.

E967 (Xylitol) is a naturally occurring alcohol found in most plant material, including many fruits and vegetables.
E967 (Xylitol) is extracted from birch wood to make medicine.

As a medicine, E967 (Xylitol) is used to prevent middle ear infections (otitis media) in young children, and as a sugar substitute for people with diabetes.

E967 (Xylitol) is added to some chewing gums and other oral care products to prevent tooth decay and dry mouth.

E967 (Xylitol) is sometimes included in tube feeding formulas as a source of energy.

E967 (Xylitol) tastes sweet but, unlike sugar, it is not converted in the mouth to acids that cause tooth decay.
E967 (Xylitol) reduces levels of decay-causing bacteria in saliva and also acts against some bacteria that cause ear infections.

E967 (Xylitol) is a five-carbon sugar alcohol that is obtained through the diet.
E967 (Xylitol) is not endogenously produced by humans.
E967 (Xylitol) is used as a diabetic sweetener which is roughly as sweet as sucrose with 33% fewer calories.
E967 (Xylitol) is naturally found in many fruits (strawberries, plums, raspberries) and vegetables (e.g. cauliflower).
Because of fruit and vegetable consumption the human body naturally processes 15 grams of E967 (Xylitol) per day.
E967 (Xylitol) can be produced industrially starting from primary matters rich in xylan which is hydrolyzed to obtain xylose.
E967 (Xylitol) is extracted from hemicelluloses present in the corn raids, the almond hulls or the barks of birch (or of the by-products of wood: shavings hard, paper pulp).
Of all polyols, it is the one that has the sweetest flavor (it borders that of saccharose).
E967 (Xylitol) gives a strong refreshing impression, making E967 (Xylitol) an ingredient of choice for the sugarless chewing gum industry.
In addition to his use in confectionery, it is used in the pharmaceutical industry for certain mouthwashes and toothpastes and in cosmetics (creams, soaps, etc.).
E967 (Xylitol) is produced starting from xylose, the isomaltose, by enzymatic transposition of the saccharose (sugar).
E967 (Xylitol) is not metabolized by cariogenic (cavity-causing) bacteria and gum chewing stimulates the flow of saliva; as a result, chewing E967 (Xylitol) gum may prevent dental caries.
Chewing E967 (Xylitol) gum for 4 to 14 days reduces the amount of dental plaque.
The reduction in the amount of plaque following E967 (Xylitol) gum chewing within 2 weeks may be a transient phenomenon.
Chewing E967 (Xylitol) gum for 6 months reduced mutans streptococci levels in saliva and plaque in adults (PMID:17426399 , 15964535 ).
Studies have also shown E967 (Xylitol) chewing gum can help prevent acute otitis media (ear aches and infections) as the act of chewing and swallowing assists with the disposal of earwax and clearing the middle ear, while the presence of E967 (Xylitol) prevents the growth of bacteria in the eustachian tubes.
E967 (Xylitol) is well established as a life-threatening toxin to dogs.
The number of reported cases of E967 (Xylitol) toxicosis in dogs has significantly increased since the first reports in 2002.
Dogs that have ingested foods containing E967 (Xylitol) (greater than 100 milligrams of E967 (Xylitol) consumed per kilogram of bodyweight) have presented with low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), which can be life-threatening

E967 (Xylitol) is a sugar alcohol.
E967 (Xylitol) occurs naturally in foods like berries, lettuce, corn and more.
E967 (Xylitol)’s often extracted from corn fibers and certain trees for commercial use as a sugar substitute.
Although it has been around for decades, E967 (Xylitol) has grown in popularity because it’s low calorie and has a low glycemic index, making it safe for diabetics.
E967 (Xylitol) may also offer dental benefits by minimizing plaque formation and stimulating saliva production, thereby reducing the risk of cavities.

E967 (Xylitol) is a sugar alcohol that is a type of carbohydrate and does not actually contain alcohol.
E967 (Xylitol) is naturally found in small amounts in fibrous fruits and vegetables, trees, corncobs, and even the human body.

Manufacturers use E967 (Xylitol) as a sugar substitute because its sweetness is comparable to table sugar, but it has fewer calories.

E967 (Xylitol) is a common ingredient in many products, from sugar-free gum to toothpaste.
People also use E967 (Xylitol) as a table sweetener and in baking.

In this article, we look at the uses and potential health benefits of E967 (Xylitol).
We also cover side effects, drug interactions, dosage, and alternatives.

Sugar rationing during World War II led to an interest in sugar substitutes.
Interest in E967 (Xylitol) and other polyols became intense, leading to their characterization and manufacturing methods.

E967 (Xylitol) occurs naturally in small amounts in plums, strawberries, cauliflower, and pumpkin; humans and many other animals make trace amounts during metabolism of carbohydrates.
Unlike most sugar alcohols, E967 (Xylitol) is achiral.
Most other isomers of pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol are chiral, but E967 (Xylitol) has a plane of symmetry.

Industrial production starts with lignocellulosic biomass from which xylan is extracted; raw biomass materials include hardwoods, softwoods, and agricultural waste from processing maize, wheat, or rice.
The xylan polymers can be hydrolyzed into xylose, which is catalytically hydrogenated into E967 (Xylitol).
The conversion changes the sugar (xylose, an aldehyde) into the primary alcohol, E967 (Xylitol). Impurities are then removed.

The processing is often done using standard industrial methods; industrial fermentation involving bacteria, fungi, or yeast, especially Candida tropicalis, are common, but are not as efficient.

According to the US Department of Energy, E967 (Xylitol) production by fermentation from discarded biomass is one of the most valuable renewable chemicals for commerce, forecast to be a US$1.4 billion industry by 2025.

Identification Meets requirements
Appearance White crystalline
Assay (%) : 98.5 min.
Melting Point (°C) : 92.0 – 96.0
Loss on drying (%) : 0.20 max.
Reducing sugar (%) : 0.20 max.
Other Polyols (%) : 1.0 max.
Heavy metals (ppm) : 5 max.
Arsenic (ppm) : 0.5 max.
Chloride (ppm) : 50 max.
Sulfate (ppm) : 50 max.
Lead (ppm) : 0.3 max.
pH : 5.0 – 7.0
Residue on ignition (%) : 0.10 max.
Nickel (ppm) : 1 max.
Total plate count (cfu/g) : ≤1000

E967 (Xylitol) is manufactured into a white powder that looks and tastes similar to sugar.
In many countries it has been approved for use in oral care products, pharmaceuticals, and as a food additive.
Over recent years, the number and types of products that contain E967 (Xylitol) has greatly increased.
Example products include sugar-free gum, candies, breath mints, baked goods, peanut butter, pudding snacks, cough syrup, chewable or gummy vitamins, and supplements or over the counter medications, mouthwash, and toothpaste.
E967 (Xylitol) is also showing up in over-the-counter nasal sprays, skin care products, laxatives, digestive aids, allergy medicines, dry mouth lozenges, sleep supplements, as well as prescription human medications, especially those formulated as quick dissolve tablets or liquids.

E967 (Xylitol) is found most often in chewing gum and mints.
You must look at the list of ingredients to know if a product contains E967 (Xylitol).
Generally, for the amount of E967 (Xylitol) to be at decay-preventing levels, it must be listed as the first ingredient.
Health food stores can be a good resource for E967 (Xylitol) containing products.
Additionally, several companies provide E967 (Xylitol) products for distribution over the Internet.

E967 (Xylitol) is a sugar alcohol that can be produced artificially as well as being found in some fruits and vegetables in nature.
E967 (Xylitol) is very similar to sugar.
Although some people say that it is harmful due to the alcoholic cellulose in it, there are also people who think that it should be consumed because of the benefits it provides.

E967 (Xylitol) can be taken into the body by the consumption of natural foods as well as the consumption of artificially produced substances.
Some of the fruits and vegetables that contain E967 (Xylitol) are foods such as bananas, plums, mushrooms and cauliflower.
Apart from this, according to researches, it has been found that our body produces E967 (Xylitol) at a certain rate.

The combination of many factors increases susceptibility to childhood tooth decay and cavities.
These factors include: oral care habits, diet, carbohydrate consumption, sucrose consumption, salivary flow rate, and tooth resistance to plaque.

More specifically, harmful oral bacteria feed on sugars and carbohydrates, producing acids.
When sugary foods are consumed, these acids attack and destroy vulnerable tooth enamel.
E967 (Xylitol) works to neutralize the acids, reducing enamel destruction, and minimizing the threat of cavities in the process.
E967 (Xylitol) also stimulates saliva production, meaning that food particles, plaque and bacteria are continually removed from the teeth.
When used in combination with fluoride, E967 (Xylitol) works to remineralize teeth, protecting tooth enamel and minimizing new cavity formation.

E967 (Xylitol) is used as a sugar substitute in such manufactured products as drugs, dietary supplements, confections, toothpaste, and chewing gum, but is not a common household sweetener.
E967 (Xylitol) has negligible effects on blood sugar because it is metabolized independently of insulin.
E967 (Xylitol) is approved as a food additive in the United States.

E967 (Xylitol) is also found as an additive to saline solution for nasal irrigation and has been reported to be effective in improving symptoms of chronic sinusitis.

Nutrition, taste, and cooking
Humans absorb E967 (Xylitol) more slowly than sucrose, and E967 (Xylitol) supplies 40% fewer calories than an equal mass of sucrose.

E967 (Xylitol) has about the same sweetness as sucrose, but is sweeter than similar compounds like sorbitol and mannitol.

E967 (Xylitol) is stable enough to be used in baking, but because E967 (Xylitol) and other polyols are heat stable, they do not caramelise as sugars do.
When used in foods, they lower the freezing point of the mixture.

Food risks
No serious health risk exists in most humans for normal levels of consumption; The European Food Safety Authority has not set a limit on daily intake of E967 (Xylitol).
Due to the adverse laxative effect that all polyols have on the digestive system in high doses, E967 (Xylitol) is banned from soft drinks in the European Union.
Similarly due to a 1985 report, by the E.U. Scientific Committee on Food, stating that "ingesting 50 g a day of E967 (Xylitol) can cause diarrhea", tabletop sweeteners containing E967 (Xylitol) are required to display the warning: "Excessive consumption may induce laxative effects".

Metabolism
E967 (Xylitol) has 2.4 kilocalories of food energy per gram of E967 (Xylitol) (10 kilojoules per gram) according to U.S. and E.U. food-labeling regulations.
The real value can vary, depending on metabolic factors.

Primarily, the liver metabolizes absorbed E967 (Xylitol).
The main metabolic route in humans occurs in cytoplasm, via nonspecific NAD-dependent dehydrogenase (polyol dehydrogenase), which transforms E967 (Xylitol) to D-xylulose.
Specific xylulokinase phosphorylates it to D-xylulose-5-phosphate.
This then goes to pentose phosphate pathway for further processing.

About 50% of eaten E967 (Xylitol) is absorbed via the intestines.
Of the remaining 50% that is not absorbed by the intestines, in humans, 50–75% of the E967 (Xylitol) remaining in the gut is fermented by gut bacteria into short-chain organic acids and gases, which may produce flatulence.
The remnant unabsorbed E967 (Xylitol) that escapes fermentation is excreted unchanged, mostly in feces; less than 2 g of E967 (Xylitol) out of every 100 g ingested is excreted via urine.

E967 (Xylitol) ingestion also increases motilin secretion, which may be related to E967 (Xylitol)'s ability to cause diarrhea.
The non-digestible but fermentable nature of E967 (Xylitol) also contributes to constipation relieving effects

E967 (Xylitol) is used as a tooth-friendly raw material in toothpastes, nasal sprays, mouthwashes and other oral care products.

E967 (Xylitol) is also used in chewing gums, candies, cough syrups and throat lozenges.

Tito E967 (Xylitol) is used in many diet products as it contains 40% less calories than normal sugar.

E967 (Xylitol) is also one of the basic raw materials of diabetes-friendly foodstuffs.

E967 (Xylitol) has a similar level of sweetness to sugar but with a fraction of the calories.
E967 (Xylitol) is a popular ingredient in a variety of products, including sugar-free gum and toothpaste.

Manufacturers add E967 (Xylitol) to a range of foods, including:

sugar-free candies, such as gum, mints, and gummies
jams and jellies
honey
nut butters, including peanut butter
yogurt
E967 (Xylitol) is also an ingredient in some dental care products, including:

toothpaste
mouthwash
other fluoride products

E967 (Xylitol) has the same sweetness as sucrose but contains only about two-thirds the calories.
As a sugar substitute, it is lower on the glycemic index, a scale that ranks carbohydrate-rich foods by how much they raise blood sugar levels, compared to glucose.
Being lower on the glycemic index makes E967 (Xylitol) useful for diabetics or people on low carbohydrate diets.

With respect to oral health, research has shown that E967 (Xylitol) helps reduce the formation of plaque, inhibits dental cavities, and stimulates the production of saliva.

Depending on the amount consumed, E967 (Xylitol) can provide some benefits to our body, as well as some harm.

Sweetening Effect

E967 (Xylitol) has a sweetening effect.
Especially since diabetics cannot consume normal sugar, E967 (Xylitol) can be recommended to diabetics due to its sweetening properties.
E967 (Xylitol) is of great importance for the nutrition system of diabetics as it creates low calories after consumption.

Effect on Oral and Dental Health

Contrary to people who claim that E967 (Xylitol) is harmful, there are also people who argue that it should be consumed for dental health.
E967 (Xylitol) has an important place in oral health and care with its ability to clean the bacteria in the mouth.
In addition, as a result of the examinations, it was concluded that it stopped the decays in the tooth enamel.

Effect on Throat and Ear Health

During the consumption of E967 (Xylitol), it has the feature of reducing throat and ear infections by reducing the bacteria in the mouth and throat due to the cleaning substances in it.

E967 (Xylitol) has a sweetness similar to sugar, but has a fraction of the calories.
E967 (Xylitol) is a popular ingredient in a variety of products, such as sugar-free gum and toothpaste.

Manufacturers add E967 (Xylitol) to a variety of foods, including:

sugar-free candies, such as chewing gum, mints, and chewing gum
jams and jams
honey
nut butter, including peanut butter
yoghurt

E967 (Xylitol) is also an ingredient in some dental care products, including:

tooth paste
mouthwash
other fluoride products

E967 (Xylitol) sweeteners can be purchased online.

IUPAC NAME:

(2R, 3R, 4S)-pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol

(2R,3r,4S)-Pentan-1,2,3,4,5-pentol

(2R,3r,4S)-pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol

(2S,3R,4R)-Pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol

(2S,4R)-pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol

SYNONYMS:

E967 (Xylitol)
(2R,3r,4S)-1,2,3,4,5-Pentanepentol
(2R,3r,4S)-1,2,3,4,5-Pentanpentol
(2R,3r,4S)-pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol
1720523
201-788-0
87-99-0
D-E967 (Xylitol)
D-E967 (Xylitol)
D-E967 (Xylitol)