EDA ETHYLENEDIAMINE

EDA Ethylenediamine is the organic compound with the formula C₂H₄(NH₂)₂, the lowest molecular weight member of the ethyleneamine family, a colorless to pale yellow hygroscopic liquid with a strong ammonia-like odor that is miscible with water and most polar organic solvents, and is a widely used building block in chemical synthesis with approximately 500,000 tonnes produced annually, serving as a key intermediate for the production of chelating agents, polyamide resins, polyurethanes, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, epoxy curing agents, surfactants, corrosion inhibitors, and fuel and lubricant additives.
EDA Ethylenediamine contains two primary amine groups (-NH₂) connected by a two-carbon ethylene chain, giving it a bifunctional character that allows it to form derivatives with carboxylic acids, nitriles, alcohols, alkylating agents, carbon disulfide, aldehydes, and ketones, and to readily form heterocycles such as imidazolidines, making it an exceptionally versatile building block for a wide range of industrial chemicals.
EDA Ethylenediamine is the first member of the polyethyleneamine family and is produced industrially at large scale primarily by the EDC process — treating 1,2-dichloroethane with ammonia under pressure at 180°C in an aqueous medium — in which hydrogen chloride is generated, forms a salt with the amine, the amine is liberated by addition of sodium hydroxide, and recovered by fractional distillation, with diethylenetriamine (DETA) and triethylenetetramine (TETA) formed as by-products.

CAS Number: 107-15-3
EC Number: 203-468-6
Molecular Formula: C₂H₈N₂
Molecular Weight: 60.10 g/mol

Synonyms: Ethylenediamine, Ethylene Diamine, EDA, 1,2-Diaminoethane, Ethane-1,2-diamine, 1,2-Ethanediamine, Diaminoethane, Edamine, Beta-Aminoethylamine, en (ligand abbreviation), Ethylenediamine Anhydrous, Ethylendiaminum, NCI-C60402, Ethyliminum, CAS 107-15-3

EDA Ethylenediamine is a well-known bidentate chelating ligand in coordination chemistry, abbreviated "en" as a ligand, with the two nitrogen atoms donating their lone pairs of electrons to metal centers; it forms the well-studied complex [Co(en)₃]³⁺ and is a precursor to Schiff base ligands, salen ligands used in catalysis, and EDTA (via Strecker synthesis involving cyanide and formaldehyde).
EDA Ethylenediamine vapors absorb moisture from humid air to form a characteristic white mist that is extremely irritating to skin, eyes, lungs, and mucous membranes; unless tightly contained, liquid EDA Ethylenediamine will release toxic and irritating vapors into its surroundings especially on heating.

Uses of EDA Ethylenediamine:
EDA Ethylenediamine is used as the primary building block for the production of EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), the most widely used chelating agent globally, via Strecker synthesis, and for hydroxyethylethylenediamine, another commercially significant chelating agent used in water treatment, industrial cleaning, and metal ion sequestration.
EDA Ethylenediamine is used as a precursor for the production of ethylenebisdithiocarbamate fungicides marketed under the brand names Maneb, Mancozeb, Zineb, and Metiram, which are commercially significant crop protection products, and for imidazoline-containing fungicides and other agrochemical active ingredients.

EDA Ethylenediamine is used as a curing agent and cross-linking agent for epoxy resins, reacting with epoxy groups to form a three-dimensional network structure that provides the cured resin with good mechanical properties, chemical resistance, and insulation performance, widely used in coatings, adhesives, electronic packaging, and construction applications including the protection of buildings, bridges, and infrastructure.
EDA Ethylenediamine is used in the production of polyamide resins by reacting with diacids to form polyamide chains with excellent mechanical properties, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance, widely used in fibers and engineering plastics, and in the production of polyurethane fibers and flexible polyurethane foams.

EDA Ethylenediamine is used as a pharmaceutical ingredient in the common bronchodilator drug aminophylline, where it serves to solubilize the active ingredient theophylline for the treatment of respiratory difficulties caused by bronchial asthma and cardiogenic pulmonary edema; its bioavailability after oral administration is approximately 0.34 due to a substantial first-pass effect.
EDA Ethylenediamine is used as the structural basis for ethylenediamine-derived first-generation antihistamines — the oldest of the five classes of first-generation antihistamines — beginning with piperoxan (1933, Pasteur Institute) and also including mepyramine, tripelennamine, and antazoline.

EDA Ethylenediamine is used in the petrochemical and natural gas industry in amine gas purification processes for removal of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from natural gas and refinery streams.
EDA Ethylenediamine is used as the precursor for tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), the bleaching activator widely used in laundry detergents, textiles, and paper bleaching, and for the derivative N,N'-ethylenebis(stearamide) (EBS), which is a commercially significant mold-release agent and surfactant in gasoline and motor oil.

EDA Ethylenediamine is used as a corrosion inhibitor in paints, coolants, metalworking fluids, and industrial cleaning formulations, where it forms protective layers on metal surfaces to reduce corrosion and extend equipment service life; it is also used in industrial cleaning to remove rust and scale from metal surfaces.
EDA Ethylenediamine is used in the electroplating industry as a chelating agent to regulate the concentration and stability of metal ions in plating solutions, making the electroplated layer more uniform and dense, thereby improving the quality of electroplated products.

EDA Ethylenediamine is used in the textile industry in dyeing and printing processes, as a textile auxiliary and pH regulator, and in wet-strength resin production for paper; and as a fabric softener and lubricant additive in textile processing.
EDA Ethylenediamine is used in the production of lube oil additives and fuel additives for internal combustion engines, and in the production of elastomeric fibers, as well as for mineral processing and ore flotation applications.

EDA Ethylenediamine is used in the PAMAM class of dendrimers (polyamidoamine dendrimers), which are derived from EDA Ethylenediamine and find application in drug delivery, gene therapy, and nanotechnology.
EDA Ethylenediamine is used as a solvent miscible with polar solvents for solubilizing proteins such as albumins and casein, in certain electroplating baths, for color photography developing, and for sensitizing nitromethane into an explosive mixture (PLX — Picatinny Liquid Explosive, used at Picatinny Arsenal during World War II).

EDA Ethylenediamine is used in the deacidification of fats and oils by removing free fatty acids, improving the quality of processed fats and oils, and as a basic reagent to adjust acidity and alkalinity in organic synthesis reactions requiring alkaline conditions.
EDA Ethylenediamine derivatives are used in cosmetics and personal care products for pH adjustment and as intermediates in the production of surfactants and conditioning agents; ethylenediamine dihydroiodide (EDDI) is added to animal feeds as a source of iodide.

Benefits or Advantages of EDA Ethylenediamine:
EDA Ethylenediamine provides consistent and predictable reaction products due to its well-defined bifunctional diamine chemistry, and is easily derivatized with a wide range of functional groups including carboxylic acids, nitriles, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and alkylating agents, making it an exceptionally versatile chemical building block.
EDA Ethylenediamine has strong chelating properties due to the bidentate coordination of its two amine nitrogen atoms with metal ions, making it a superior starting material for the synthesis of chelating agents such as EDTA that can bind and remove metal ions from solution across a wide range of pH and temperature conditions.

EDA Ethylenediamine is completely miscible with water, making it readily incorporable into aqueous industrial formulations without requiring co-solvents or special dispersion equipment.
EDA Ethylenediamine is a Hazardous Air Pollutant-free product and is readily biodegradable (approximately 94% after 28 days), presenting a favorable environmental degradation profile relative to many synthetic chelating agents; significant bioaccumulation is not expected given its log Kow of -1.62.

Features of EDA Ethylenediamine:
EDA Ethylenediamine is a colorless to pale yellow, hygroscopic, fuming liquid at ambient temperature with a strong ammoniacal odor, density of approximately 0.897–0.90 g/cm³ at 20°C, refractive index of 1.4565 (n20/D), pH of approximately 12.2 at 100 g/L in water, and dynamic viscosity of 1.265 mPa·s at 25°C.
EDA Ethylenediamine has a melting point of approximately 8–11°C, boiling point of 116–117°C, flash point of 38–42°C (closed cup), autoignition temperature of approximately 385–405°C, explosive limits of 2–17% (v/v), and vapor pressure of approximately 12 hPa at 20°C, vapor density of 2.1 (vs air), confirming its flammable liquid character.

EDA Ethylenediamine is miscible with water, ethanol, and most polar organic solvents including benzene, acetone, and hexane; slightly soluble in diethyl ether; and can form azeotropic mixtures with water, n-butanol, and toluene; it is insoluble in benzene unless absolutely dry.
EDA Ethylenediamine is hygroscopic and absorbs carbon dioxide from air, and vapors can absorb moisture from humid air to form a characteristic white mist; containers must be kept tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination.

Chemical Properties of EDA Ethylenediamine:
EDA Ethylenediamine has the IUPAC name ethane-1,2-diamine and the molecular structure H₂N-CH₂-CH₂-NH₂, featuring two primary amine groups (-NH₂) separated by a two-carbon ethylene bridge; its InChIKey is PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N and SMILES is NCCN.
EDA Ethylenediamine has thermochemical properties including heat capacity (C) 172.59 J·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹, standard molar entropy (S°298) 202.42 J·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹, standard enthalpy of formation (ΔfH°298) -63.55 to -62.47 kJ·mol⁻¹, standard enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH°298) -1.8678 to -1.8668 MJ·mol⁻¹, and specific heat capacity 2.87 J/(g·K) at 25°C.

EDA Ethylenediamine is incompatible with and may react violently with aldehydes, strong acids, acrylic acid, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, perchlorates, certain halogenated hydrocarbons, strong oxidizing agents, carbon disulfide, and hydrogen chloride gas; strong exothermic reactions may occur with these materials.
EDA Ethylenediamine requires compatibility consideration with the following metals: aluminium, iron, copper, bronze, brass, and zinc; vapors may form flammable or explosive mixtures with air and may travel along floors and accumulate in low-lying locations.

Production of EDA Ethylenediamine:
EDA Ethylenediamine is produced industrially primarily by the EDC process: 1,2-dichloroethane is treated with excess ammonia under pressure at 180°C in an aqueous medium, generating hydrogen chloride which forms a salt with the amine product; the amine is liberated by addition of sodium hydroxide and recovered by fractional distillation, with DETA and TETA formed as by-products.
EDA Ethylenediamine is also produced by the reaction of ethanolamine with ammonia over nickel heterogeneous catalysts at elevated temperatures, and can be obtained by the hydrolysis of ethylene oxide with ammonia; commercial assay is ≥99.5 wt% with color ≤15 Hazen and water content ≤0.3 wt%.

EDA Ethylenediamine is available globally as a single-component product in drum packaging with a purity of ≥99.5%, classified as a colorless to light yellow liquid, and must be stored in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area at 15–25°C away from ignition sources and oxidizing agents.
EDA Ethylenediamine is listed on multiple major chemical inventories including TSCA (US), ECSI (EU), DSL (Canada), IECSC (China), CSCL-ENCS (Japan), KECI (Korea), PICCS (Philippines), NZIoC (New Zealand), NCI (Vietnam), INSQ (Mexico), and others, confirming its global availability and regulatory compliance for industrial use.

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) of EDA Ethylenediamine:

Handling of EDA Ethylenediamine:
EDA Ethylenediamine must be handled with strict safety precautions as it is a flammable, corrosive, and sensitizing substance; use only with effective local exhaust ventilation, keep away from all ignition sources, and wear chemical-resistant protective gloves (butyl rubber ≥0.7 mm for prolonged contact, breakthrough time >480 minutes), chemical-resistant safety goggles with side protection, and chemical-resistant protective clothing.
EDA Ethylenediamine handling requires avoiding skin and eye contact, avoiding inhalation of vapors or aerosol, not eating, drinking or smoking when using the product, washing hands thoroughly after handling, removing contaminated clothing immediately, and taking precautionary measures against electrostatic discharge.

SDS of EDA Ethylenediamine:

Stability and Reactivity of EDA Ethylenediamine:

Chemical stability:
EDA Ethylenediamine is stable under normal ambient conditions and recommended storage conditions.

Reactivity:
EDA Ethylenediamine is a reactive chemical; heating may increase vapor formation and create ignition hazards.
Violent reactions may occur with aldehydes, strong acids, acrylic acid, acetic anhydride, perchlorates, and halogenated hydrocarbons; strong exothermic reactions may occur with acetic acid, acetic anhydride, strong oxidizing agents, acids, carbon disulfide, and hydrogen chloride.

Conditions to avoid:
Heat, hot surfaces, open flames, sparks, and other ignition sources.
Electrostatic discharge.
Poorly ventilated conditions where vapors can accumulate.
Contact with incompatible materials.
Moisture and air exposure (hygroscopic; absorbs CO₂ from air).

Incompatible materials:
Strong acids.
Strong oxidizing agents.
Aldehydes.
Halogenated hydrocarbons.
Perchlorates.
Acrylic acid, acetic acid, acetic anhydride.
Carbon disulfide.
Hydrogen chloride.
Aluminium, iron, copper, bronze, brass, and zinc (compatibility consideration).

Hazardous decomposition products:
Nitrogen oxides.
Carbon monoxide.
Carbon dioxide.
Irritating and toxic combustion fumes.

Handling and Storage of EDA Ethylenediamine:

Handling:
Use only with sufficient local and general ventilation.
Keep away from all ignition sources — no smoking, no open flames, no sparks.
Avoid skin and eye contact; avoid inhalation of vapor or aerosol.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke when using EDA Ethylenediamine.
Wash hands and exposed skin thoroughly after handling.
Remove contaminated clothing immediately.
Take precautions against electrostatic discharge.
Ground and bond containers and transfer equipment where appropriate.

Storage:
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area at 15–25°C.
Keep containers tightly closed and locked up.
Store away from heat, flames, sparks, and other ignition sources.
Keep away from strong oxidizing agents and incompatible chemicals.
Storage areas must provide adequate permanent extraction where harmful vapors may be released.
Use chemically compatible storage containers.

First Aid Measures of EDA Ethylenediamine:

Inhalation:
Immediately move the exposed person to fresh air; keep at rest and comfortable for breathing.
Seek medical attention if coughing, breathing difficulty, irritation, or allergic symptoms occur.
Persons with respiratory sensitisation may develop asthma-like symptoms on subsequent low-level exposures.

Skin contact:
Immediately remove contaminated clothing and footwear.
Wash affected skin immediately with large quantities of water and continue rinsing thoroughly.
Immediate medical treatment is required because corrosive burns may progress and heal poorly if untreated.

Eye contact:
Immediately rinse the eyes with large quantities of flowing water for at least 10–15 minutes while holding eyelids open.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to remove; protect the unaffected eye from contamination.
Immediate examination by an ophthalmologist is recommended.

Ingestion:
Rinse mouth immediately; if the person is conscious allow thorough rinsing with water.
Do not induce vomiting unless specifically instructed by medical personnel.
Seek immediate medical attention; ingestion may cause severe corrosive injury and perforation of the oesophagus or stomach.

Firefighting Measures of EDA Ethylenediamine:

Suitable extinguishing media:
Water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical powder, BC extinguishing powder, or carbon dioxide.

Unsuitable extinguishing media:
Do not use a direct water jet as it may spread burning liquid.

Specific hazards:
EDA Ethylenediamine is a flammable liquid (flash point 38–42°C); vapors may form explosive mixtures with air.
Vapors may travel along floors and accumulate in poorly ventilated areas, pits, and low-lying locations; containers exposed to fire may rupture.
Combustion produces nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and irritating and toxic fumes.

Protective equipment for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and full chemical protective clothing.

Firefighting instructions:
Approach fire from a safe distance; cool exposed containers with water spray when safe.
Prevent contaminated firefighting water from entering drains, surface waters, or groundwater.

Accidental Release Measures of EDA Ethylenediamine:

Personal precautions:
Evacuate unnecessary personnel; eliminate all ignition sources; ensure adequate ventilation.
Avoid breathing vapors, aerosols, and mist; avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing.
Wear appropriate chemical protective equipment; take precautions against static discharge.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent EDA Ethylenediamine from entering drains, sewage systems, surface water, and groundwater.
Notify appropriate environmental authorities if significant quantities enter waterways or sewage systems.

Methods for cleaning up:
Stop the leak if safe to do so; contain spilled material.
Absorb liquid using sand, diatomaceous earth, or suitable chemical-binding material.
Collect absorbed material in suitable, chemically resistant, and properly labeled containers.
Ventilate the affected area thoroughly; dispose of contaminated materials as hazardous waste.

Exposure Controls / Personal Protective Equipment of EDA Ethylenediamine:

Engineering controls:
Provide effective local exhaust ventilation; use general mechanical ventilation where vapors may accumulate.
Maintain airborne concentrations below occupational exposure limits (TWA: 10 ppm / 25 mg/m³).
For large quantities, use closed systems or contained transfer systems.

Eye protection:
Wear chemical-resistant safety goggles with side protection; use a face shield where splashing is possible.

Hand protection:
Butyl rubber gloves ≥0.7 mm for prolonged contact (breakthrough time >480 min); nitrile rubber ≥0.4 mm for short-term splash protection.

Skin and body protection:
Wear chemical-resistant protective clothing, suitable protective footwear, and chemical-resistant apron where splashing may occur; remove contaminated clothing promptly.

Respiratory protection:
Type A filter for organic gases and vapors (boiling point >65°C); for high concentrations or confined spaces, use self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

Hygiene measures:
Wash hands thoroughly after handling; do not eat, drink, or smoke in areas where EDA Ethylenediamine is handled; prevent contaminated work clothing from leaving the workplace.

Identifiers of EDA Ethylenediamine:
CAS Number: 107-15-3
EC Number: 203-468-6
ECHA InfoCard: 100.003.154
REACH Registration: 01-2119480383-37-xxxx
CLP Index Number: 612-006-00-6
IUPAC Name: Ethane-1,2-diamine
Molecular Formula: C₂H₈N₂
Molecular Weight: 60.10 g/mol
InChIKey: PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: NCCN
RTECS: KH8575000
UN Number: UN 1604
HS Code: 29212110
WGK Germany: 2
GHS Signal Word: Danger
GHS Pictograms: GHS02 (Flame), GHS05 (Corrosion), GHS06 (Skull), GHS08 (Health Hazard)
GHS Hazard Statements: H226 (flammable liquid and vapour), H302 (harmful if swallowed), H311 (toxic in contact with skin), H314 (causes severe skin burns and eye damage), H317 (may cause allergic skin reaction), H318 (causes serious eye damage), H332 (harmful if inhaled), H334 (may cause allergy or asthma symptoms if inhaled), H412 (harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects)
Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive), subsidiary 3 (Flammable); Packing Group II
SVHC: Yes (respiratory sensitiser; REACH Candidate List)
TSCA: Listed (active)
Occupational Exposure Limit: TWA 10 ppm / 25 mg/m³ (ACGIH, OSHA, NIOSH)

Properties of EDA Ethylenediamine:
Physical state: Liquid
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow, hygroscopic, fuming liquid
Odor: Strong ammoniacal; ammonia-like and fishy
Melting point: 8–11°C
Boiling point: 116–118°C at 1013 hPa
Flash point: 38–42°C (closed cup)
Autoignition temperature: 385–405°C
Explosive limits: Lower 2.0–2.5% / Upper 16.3–17.0% (v/v)
Density: ~0.897–0.90 g/cm³ at 20°C
Vapor pressure: 12 hPa at 20°C; 10 mmHg at 20°C
Vapor density (air = 1): 2.07–2.1
Refractive index (n20/D): 1.4565
Dynamic viscosity: 1.265 mPa·s at 25°C
pH: ~12.2 (100 g/L in water, 20°C); 12.8 (25% solution)
Solubility in water: Miscible (~1000 g/L)
Solubility in ethanol: Soluble
Solubility in ether: Slightly soluble
Log Kow: -1.62 (pH >12, 25°C)
Henry's Law Constant: ~0.6 Pa·m³/mol at 25°C
Specific heat capacity: 2.87 J/(g·K) at 25°C
Dielectric constant: 16.0 at 18°C
Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable (~94% after 28 days)
GHS Classification: Danger; H226, H302, H311, H314, H317, H318, H332, H334, H412

Specifications of EDA Ethylenediamine:
Product name: EDA Ethylenediamine
CAS Number: 107-15-3
EC Number: 203-468-6
IUPAC Name: Ethane-1,2-diamine
Molecular Formula: C₂H₈N₂
Molecular Weight: 60.10 g/mol
Assay: ≥99.5 wt%
Color: ≤15 Hazen
Water content: ≤0.3 wt%
Appearance: Colorless to light yellow liquid
Physical form: Viscous liquid
Storage temperature: 15–25°C
Storage: Cool, dry, well-ventilated; tightly sealed; away from ignition sources and oxidizing agents
GHS: Danger — H226, H302, H311, H314, H317, H318, H332, H334, H412

Names of EDA Ethylenediamine:
EDA Ethylenediamine
Ethylenediamine
Ethylene Diamine
EDA
1,2-Diaminoethane
Ethane-1,2-diamine
1,2-Ethanediamine
Diaminoethane
Edamine
Beta-Aminoethylamine
en (coordination chemistry ligand)
Ethylenediamine Anhydrous
NCI-C60402
Ethyliminum
Ethylendiaminum
CAS 107-15-3
UN 1604