ETHYL ALCOHOL

It can be shown in the human body as a clear, colorless liquid that is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and spreads rapidly throughout the body.

Commonly ethanol is sometimes used as the name Ethyl alcohol. The form used in the manufacture of drinkable alcohol is called grain alcohol.

It has bactericidal properties. Therefore, it is the most important chemical in disinfectant manufacturing.

Ethanol has complex action properties. Therefore, it has the ability to affect more than one system in the brain. Its most important feature is acting as an agonist.

The production of this chemical compound is produced by grinding the grains of Corn, Wheat, Barley, Sugar Beet and some other plants and then fermenting them with the fermentation process.

In this production process, sugar and starches contained in plant grains are converted into alcohol.

Alcohol obtained by fermentation from starches is packaged for use after distillation.

Industrially produced Ethyl is petrochemically produced by hydration of Ethylene.

According to the purity of the alcohol, if it is of high purity, it has a very strong taste. And it leaves a burnt aftertaste.

Its production here is biological production.

Ethanol produced for industry is called synthetic. Its raw material is petrochemical and fossil raw material. These are derivatives of oils and coal.

Agricultural Ethanol production is obtained by fermentation of crops such as corn, sugar beet, wheat, potatoes and rye. Ethyl agricultural production is made from sugar beet in Turkey. The reason why it is produced from sugar beet is easy to produce, high sugar ratio and low cost. At the same time sugar beet can be grown in many regions of Turkey.

Synthetic ethanol is not used in any fuel and alcoholic beverage production.

Due to the developing industry and the increase in demand, the need for synthetic alcohol is undeniable. Alcohol in synthetic form is used in industry and industry.

What are its Physical and Chemical Properties?
Characteristically, it is a clear colorless liquid with a pleasant odor and burning taste.

It is a highly flammable chemical substance. Therefore it is very dangerous. Necessary packaging and safety precautions should be taken during transportation.

The most important feature that makes Ethyl Alcohol indispensable in industry is that it is used to dissolve other substances. It has a great solvent effect.

It is considered as a volatile chemical substance.

Its melting point is -114 ° C.

Its boiling point is 78.5 ° C.

Its density is 0.8 g / cm3.

Its flash point is in the range of 9-11 ° C. This temperature value is too low for a chemical substance to do.

Its vapor is heavier than air. Because its vapor is heavier than air, it sinks to the ground.

It can be mixed with many organic solvents.

Where are the Usage Areas?
Ethyl Alcohol (Ethanol) is used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations.
It is the main component in alcoholic beverage production.
Ethanol is often used as a solvent for substances that are in contact with humans and manufactured for human consumption, including fragrances, perfumes, flavorings, colorants and medicines.
It is used in the production of adhesives and sealant chemicals in the chemical industry.
It is used in the manufacture of non-insecticidal agricultural chemicals.
It can be used in the manufacture of functional fluids used in open and closed systems.
It is used in the manufacture of some intermediate products in the industry.
As the indispensable chemicals of laboratories, it is unlikely that ethyl alcohol will be used for an experiment in the laboratory.
In the health sector, ethanol is used to provide sterilization while processing the patient in healthcare providers. After the production of ethyl alcohol used in hospitals is provided, it is offered for use in 1 liter packages. Ethyl alcohol used in the health sector should have purity levels above 96% and 99%. The chemical of this purity is passed through special processes.
It is among the main raw materials used in ink manufacturing. It is used in the manufacture of pigments.
Ethanol is used as a special processing aid in oil production.
Solvent properties are used in the manufacture of surfactants.
It is used in the manufacture of vinegar, mustard and alcoholic beverages.
Ethyl is used as viscosity adjuster in some reactions.
It is used in the manufacture of automotive care products.
It is used in the manufacture of antifreeze and de-icing products.
It is used in the manufacture of industrial cleaning and maintenance products.
It is the best solvent in the food industry.
Ethyl is used as the main solvent of the essence in perfume manufacture. It is dissolved by adding essence on alcohol.
It is used in the production of antibacterial hand disinfectant.

Antibacterial gel is produced by tempering with carbomer and spreading with glycerin. Carbomer application is the most important raw material feature in this field.
Essence producers use it as a solvent. The amount of essence is increased by mixing this compound with Di Propylene Glycol.
It is used to prepare the propolis solution used in the beekeeping industry.

It can be shown in the human body as a clear, colorless liquid that is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and spreads rapidly throughout the body.

Commonly ethanol is sometimes used as the name Ethyl alcohol. The form used in the manufacture of drinkable alcohol is called grain alcohol.

It has bactericidal properties. Therefore, it is the most important chemical in disinfectant manufacturing.

Ethanol has complex action properties. Therefore, it has the ability to affect more than one system in the brain. Its most important feature is acting as an agonist.

The production of this chemical compound is produced by grinding the grains of Corn, Wheat, Barley, Sugar Beet and some other plants and then fermenting them with the fermentation process.

In this production process, sugar and starches in plant grains are converted into alcohol.

Alcohol obtained by fermentation from starches is packaged for use after distillation.

Industrially produced Ethyl is petrochemically produced by hydration of Ethylene.

According to the purity of the alcohol, if it is of high purity, it has a very strong taste. And it leaves a burnt aftertaste.

Its production here is biological production.

Ethanol produced for industry is called synthetically. Its raw material is petrochemical and fossil raw material. These are derivatives of oils and coal.

Agricultural Ethanol production is obtained by fermentation of crops such as corn, sugar beet, wheat, potatoes and rye. Ethyl agricultural production is made from sugar beet in Turkey. The reason why it is produced from sugar beet is easy to produce, high sugar ratio and low cost. At the same time sugar beet can be grown in many regions of Turkey.

Synthetic ethanol is not used in any fuel and alcoholic beverage production.

Due to the developing industry and the increase in demand, the need for synthetic alcohol is undeniable. Alcohol in synthetic form is used in industry and industry.

What are its Physical and Chemical Properties?
Characteristically, it is a clear colorless liquid with a pleasant odor and burning taste.

It is a highly flammable chemical substance. Therefore it is very dangerous. Necessary packaging and safety precautions should be taken during transportation.

The most important feature that makes Ethyl Alcohol indispensable in the industry is that it is used to dissolve other substances. It has a great solvent effect.

It is considered as a volatile chemical substance.

Its melting point is -114 ° C.

Its boiling point is 78.5 ° C.

Its density is 0.8 g / cm3.

Its flash point is in the range of 9-11 ° C. This temperature value is too low for a chemical substance to do.

Its vapor is heavier than air. Because its vapor is heavier than air, it sinks to the ground.

It can be mixed with many organic solvents.

Where are the Usage Areas?
Ethyl Alcohol (Ethanol) is used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations.
It is the main component in alcoholic beverage production.
Ethanol is often used as a solvent for substances that are in contact with humans and manufactured for human consumption, including fragrances, perfumes, flavorings, colorants and medicines.
It is used in the production of adhesives and sealant chemicals in the chemical industry.
It is used in the manufacture of non-insecticidal agricultural chemicals.
It can be used in the manufacture of functional fluids used in open and closed systems.
It is used in the manufacture of some intermediate products in the industry.
As indispensable chemicals of laboratories, it is unlikely that ethyl alcohol will be used for an experiment in the laboratory.
In the health sector, ethanol is used to provide sterilization while processing the patient in healthcare providers. After the production of ethyl alcohol used in hospitals, it is offered for use in 1 liter packages. Ethyl alcohol used in the health sector should have purity levels above 96% and 99%. The chemical of this purity is passed through special processes.
It is among the main raw materials used in ink manufacturing. It is used in the manufacture of pigments.
Ethanol is used as a special processing aid in oil production.
Solvent properties are used in the manufacture of surfactants.
It is used in the manufacture of vinegar, mustard and alcoholic beverages.
Ethyl is used as viscosity adjuster in some reactions.
It is used in the manufacture of automotive care products.
It is used in the manufacture of antifreeze and de-icing products.
It is used in the manufacture of industrial cleaning and maintenance products.
It is the best solvent in the food industry.
Ethyl is used as the main solvent of the essence in perfume manufacture. It is dissolved by adding essence on alcohol.
It is used in the production of antibacterial hand disinfectants.
Antibacterial gel is produced by tempering with carbomer and spreading with glycerin. Carbomer application is the most important raw material feature in this field.
Essence producers use it as a solvent. The amount of essence is increased by mixing this compound with Di Propylene Glycol.
It is used to prepare the propolis solution used in the beekeeping industry.

Ethanol, also called alcohol, ethyl alcohol and grain alcohol, is a clear, colorless liquid and the principle ingredient in alcoholic beverages like beer, wine or brandy. Because it can readily dissolve in water and other organic compounds, ethanol also is an ingredient in a range of products, from personal care and beauty products to paints and varnishes to fuel.
Ethanol is a natural byproduct of plant fermentation and also can be produced through the hydration of ethylene.

Uses & Benefits
Personal Care Products
Ethanol is a common ingredient in many cosmetics and beauty products. It acts as an astringent to help clean skin, as a preservative in lotions and to help ensure that lotion ingredients do not separate, and it helps hairspray adhere to hair.

Because ethanol is effective in killing microorganisms like bacteria, fungi and viruses, it is a common ingredient in many hand sanitizers. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends the use of hand sanitizers in situations where soap and water are not available. Practicing hand hygiene is also an important part of helping to stop the spread of COVID-19. Using hand sanitizers or alcohol based hand rubs (ABHR) can help to inactivate SARS-CoV-2, the strain of coronavirus that causes COVID-19.

Household Products
Ethanol mixes easily with water and many organic compounds, and makes an effective solvent for use in paints, lacquers and varnish, as well as personal care and household cleaning products. As an additive to cleaning products, ethanol is also used as a preservative because it is effective in knocking out organisms that could pose a danger to consumers.

Food Additives
As a food additive, ethanol can help evenly distribute food coloring, as well as enhance the flavor of food extracts. For example, vanilla extract, a common food flavoring, is made by curing and processing vanilla beans in a solution of ethanol and water. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) only allows vanilla to be called “extract” when it has an alcohol or ethanol base.

Fuel
More than 97 percent of U.S. gasoline contains ethanol, typically in a mixture called E10, made up of 10 percent ethanol and 90 percent gasoline, to oxygenate the fuel and reduce air pollution. Ethanol has a higher octane number than gasoline, providing premium blending properties, according to the U.S. Department of Energy. Minimum octane number requirements prevent engine knocking and maintain drivability.

Safety Information
Ethanol is highly flammable and should not be used near open flames. Ethanol inhalation can cause coughing or headaches, according to the CDC.

FDA has labeled ethanol as a Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) substance, which means that a panel of qualified experts determined that ethanol is safe to use in food products. Because ethanol is a very pure form of alcohol, its consumption and use in foods is regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms. 
Ethanol Safety
To discourage the drinking of pure ethanol from personal care or cleaning products, a “denaturant,” such as a bitter flavoring, is usually added. Denaturants make alcohol unsuitable for human consumption, but does not change the other properties of the substance

What are foods with ethanol?
Brandied fruits and candies with alcoholic fillings examples are examples of foods with ethanol. Other food products such as plum pudding and fruit cake can contain ethanol if distilled spirts are used for the flavoring and preserving.

What are ethyl alcohol uses?
Ethyl alcohol is used to make alcoholic beverages, for example wine, beer and liquor. Ethyl alcohol can also be used as a solvent.

How is ethanol made?
In the United States, ethanol is primarily produced from the fermentation of starch in corn grain. In the fuel industry, biorefineries use state-of-the-art technologies to convert grains, beverage and food waste, cellulosic biomass and other feedstocks into high-octane ethanol.

Why is alcohol an ingredient in mouthwash?
Alcohol is added to mouthwash to dissolve other ingredients and help important active ingredients such as menthol, eucalyptol and thymol penetrate plaque.

Why is alcohol an ingredient in my cough syrup?
Many cough and cold liquids and other OTC (over-the-counter) products contain some alcohol. In the formulation, alcohol helps to dissolve active ingredients or preserve the product.

The term "alcohol" has been synonymous with "spirituous" liquids for the past 300 years. The history of alcohol consumption, along with codes limiting its consumption go back to 1700 B.C. There are four types of alcohol: methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol and butyl alcohol. Ethyl Alcohol, or ethanol (C2H5OH), is the type used in the production of alcoholic beverages. The other three types, methyl, propyl and butyl alcohol, if consumed can result in blindness and death, even in relatively small doses.

Alcohol, or ethanol, is the intoxicating agent found in beer, wine and liquor. Alcohol is produced by fermentation of yeast, sugars, and starches.1 Fruits such as grapes, and grains like barley and wheat are most commonly used for wine, beer and liquors. Other plants, such as the cactus or sugar cane may be used in liquor production.

Fourteen grams or about 0.6 fluid ounces of pure alcohol equals one “drink”. Examples of this amount may include one twelve ounce beer (5 percent alcohol), eight to nine ounces of malt liquor (7 percent alcohol), 5 ounces of wine (12 percent alcohol) or 1.5 fluid ounce “shot” of 80 proof liquor (40 percent alcohol).

In the U.S., The Federal Uniform Drinking Age Act, signed into law in 1984 raised the minimum drinking age to 21 years. All states now prohibit the purchase of alcohol by youth under the age of 21 years since 1988. It is illegal to sell or buy alcohol for anyone under the age of 21. According to The Office of the Surgeon General, alcohol is used by more young people in the United States than tobacco or illicit drugs, resulting in a serious public health concern.

Alcohol (Ethanol) Pharmacology
Alcohol is a clear, volatile liquid that is highly soluble in water. The absorption of alcohol (ethanol) is decreased by food, especially fatty food. Absorption occurs primarily from the intestine. Alcohol distributes into body water. Blood-alcohol concentration (BAC) is dependent upon weight and body fat, amount and time frame of alcohol consumption, and food effects. Drinking alcohol over shorter time periods or in larger quantities and on an empty stomach will lead to a higher BAC. BAC is usually expressed in grams per deciliter (g/dL). In all 50 U.S. states, 0.08 g/dL would be equal to 0.08 percent BAC, or the legal limit at which one is no longer allowed to drive. Regulations are more strict in many states for drivers less than 21 years of age.

Alcohol is metabolized primarily (90 percent) in the liver. The enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase converts alcohol to acetaldehyde, a sympathomimetic toxin often blamed for the ‘hangover’ effect. Acetaldehyde is further metabolized by aldehyde dehydrogenase to acetic acid, and eventually to carbon dioxide and water. Excretion of small amounts of alcohol also occur through the urine, lungs/breath, and sweat. Alcohol excretion by the lungs constitutes the basis for the Breathalyzer test given by law enforcement who may suspect drinking and driving.

Alcohol elevates the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA (gamma amino butyric acid) and reduces nerves signals along that neuronal pathway. Because of this action, alcohol is known as a central nervous system (CNS) depressant, and lowers both cognitive and physical capacities. Combination with other CNS depressants, such as opiates, barbiturates, or benzodiazepines can have additive and dangerous effects.

Health Hazards Due to Alcohol Abuse
Long-term alcohol misuse is associated with liver and cardiovascular disease, cancer, and nervous system damage as well as psychiatric problems such as depression, anxiety, and antisocial personality disorder.4

Alcohol, and its consumption can cause a number of marked changes in behavior. Even low doses significantly impair judgment and coordination. In small amounts, it can induce feelings of relaxation and tranquillity, suppress anxiety, and in some, inspire feelings of confidence. However, as the dose is increased, normally beyond six ounces of 100 proof alcohol, the pleasant euphoric feelings begin to give way to feelings of depression. Intoxication occurs because the liver is unable to metabolize more than one ounce of alcohol every hour. Therefore, when a person consumes more alcohol than the body can metabolize, intoxication occurs. Intoxication can generally last anywhere from one to 12 hours, and the after-effects (“hang-over”) of intoxication can last 24 hours or more.

Repeated use of alcohol can lead to increased tolerance that in turn leads to greater amounts required to achieve its desired effects. Once the body develops a dependence to alcohol, a sudden cessation of its intake is likely to produce withdrawal symptoms. Withdrawal symptoms can be life-threatening and include severe anxiety, tremors, hallucinations, and convulsions.

Alcohol can be lethal if the amount of alcohol reaches a concentration above 460 milligrams of alcohol per 100 milliliters of blood (0.46 g/dL). Death from respiratory depression can occur with severe alcohol intoxication, and this can be hastened if alcohol is combined with CNS depressant medications.

Mixing alcohol with caffeine, either in premixed drinks or by adding liquor to energy drinks has become a common way for younger crowds to consumer alcohol. With this dangerous combination, drinkers may feel somewhat less intoxicated than if they had consumed alcohol alone. However, they are just as impaired and more likely to take risks. This drinking practice often takes place in and around college campuses.

Excessive use of alcohol can lead to alcoholism, or alcohol dependence. There are four cardinal symptoms in alcoholism: craving, loss of control, physical dependence, and tolerance. A clinician is able to diagnose alcoholism based upon a specific set of criteria published by the American Psychiatric Association and the World Health Organization.5

Drinking and driving results in numerous car accidents, injuries, and deaths each year. In 2009, there were over 10,800 crash fatalities with a driver BAC of 0.08 or higher, roughly 32 percent of total traffic fatalities for the year. Of these drivers, fifty-six percent had had a BAC of 0.15 or greater. However, since 1982, alcohol-related fatalities have dropped from 60 percent to 38 percent in 2009.6

Alcoholism is a treatable disease, but is considered a lifelong, chronic illness that requires counseling, support and often medication to control cravings. Relapses are a common problem for alcoholics. Risks for developing alcoholism include a genetic predisposition and lifestyle practices. Stress, ease of alcohol availability, and peer groups can increase the risk for alcoholism.

Extent of Alcohol Use and Abuse
The prevalence of alcohol use in the U.S. is widespread. According to the US Department of Health and Human Services 2010 Summary Health Statistics for U.S. Adults from the National Health Interview Survey, the percent of adults 18 years of age and older who were current regular drinkers (at least 12 drinks in the past 12 months) was 50.9 percent. The percent of adults who were current infrequent drinkers (1-11 drinks in the past 12 months) was lower, at 13.6 percent.7

Alcohol use and binge drinking among teens is a major public health concern. In 1999, alcohol use among high school students was reported in 1 out of every 2 students. In 2009, current alcohol use rates among high school students decreased to 42 percent, with 24 percent reporting episodic heavy or binge drinking.8

In 2009, 10 percent of high school students reported driving during the past 30 days when they had been drinking alcohol. Twenty-eight percent of students reported riding in a car or other vehicle during the past 30 days driven by someone else who had been drinking alcohol.

Ethyl alcohol is an important industrial chemical with a wide variety of uses; it is used as a solvent, in the synthesis of other organic chemicals, and as an additive to automotive gasoline. Ethyl alcohol is widely used in pharmaceutical industry as disinfectant and sanitizer. Ethyl alcohol is also the intoxicating ingredient of many alcoholic beverages such as beer, wine and distilled spirits

USES AND APPLICATIONS FOR ETHYL ALCOHOL
KEY APPLICATIONS
 Cosmetics
 Beauty products
 Food additive
 Ink solvent
 Paintings and coatings solvent
 Preservative
 Sanitizers
INDUSTRIES
 Oil & Gas
 Pharma
 Lubricants
 Cleaning
 Rubber
 Polymers
 Coatings & Construction
 Agriculture
 Food and Nutrition
 Water Treatment
 Solvents
 Cosmetics

Ethyl Alcohol is an important organic solvent, widely used in medicine, coating, sanitary products, cosmetics, oil and other industry . Ethanol Made From Grain，Molasses and Cassava.

 It is the most common monohydric alcohol. A volatile colorless transparent liquid with low toxicity; liquid cannot be drunk directly. Have a special aroma and a slightly stimulating spicy taste. Flammable, its vapor can form explosive mixture with air;miscibility with water; Soluble in ethyl ether, chloroform, glycerol, methanol and other organic solvents.

Application Area
1.Ethanol is an important organic solvent, which is widely used in medicine, coatings, sanitary products, cosmetics, oils and other aspects.
2.Ethanol is an important basic chemical raw material. It is used to make acetaldehyde, ethylene diene, ethylamine, ethyl acetate, acetic acid, ethyl chloride, etc., and it is derived from medicine, dyes, coatings, perfumes, synthetic rubber, detergents, Many intermediates for products such as pesticides.
75% ethanol water solution has strong sterilization ability and is a commonly used disinfectant.
4.Specially refined ethanol can also be used to make beverages. .
5.Similar to methanol, ethanol can be used as an energy source. Some countries have begun to use ethanol alone as a car fuel or blended into gasoline (more than 10%) to save gasoline.

Transportation And Storage Of Ethyl Alcohol
Keep in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, and avoid exposure to sunlight directly.

Clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.

A clear, colorless, Hygroscopic liquid with a pleasant odor. Ethyl alcohol, or ethanol, is primarily used as a Solvent and as an intoxicating beverage. Ethanol forms a binary Azeotrope with water that boils at 78.15C and contains 95.57% ethanol and 4.43% water. The addition of Benzene allows the mixture to be redistilled without the water. Ethyl alcohol is sold in many grades marked as 95%, absolute (100% or anhydrous), denatured, industrial, or listed as proofs (one-half the proof is the percentage of alcohol). In art and conservation, ethanol has been used as a solvent for Shellac and Mastic, as a diluent for fixatives, and as a Wetting agent. When used as a solvent for resins, the ethanol must be dry because any moisture will produce a white haze in the varnish film.

Ethanol, also called alcohol, ethyl alcohol and grain alcohol, is a clear, colorless liquid and the principle ingredient in alcoholic beverages like beer, wine or brandy. Because it can readily dissolve in water and other organic compounds, ethanol also is an ingredient in a range of products, from personal care and beauty products to paints and varnishes to fuel.

Ethanol is a natural byproduct of plant fermentation and also can be produced through the hydration of ethylene.
Ethanol, also called ethyl alcohol, is a volatile, flammable, colorless liquid with the structural formula CH3CH2OH (often abbreviated as C2H5OH or C2H6O).

Ethanol is a psychoactive drug and one of the oldest recreational drugs still used by humans. Ethanol can cause alcohol intoxication when consumed.

Best known as the type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages, it is also used in thermometers, as solvent, and as a fuel.

The fermentation of plant material (for example, barley and rice) is the route by which alcoholic drinks (e.g. beer, whiskey, gin and vodka) are produced. It is also how bioethanol for biofuels is produced.

Of the uses of bioethanol, easily the most important is as a fuel for cars.  However an increasing one is in the manufacture of ethene as a route to poly(ethene). The other main uses of ethanol as a chemical intermediate are for:

glycol ethers
ethanolamines/ethylamines
ethyl propenoate
It is also used as a solvent in the manufacture of cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, detergents, inks and coatings.