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CAS NUMBER: 7705-08-0
MOLECULAR FOMRULA: Cl3Fe
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 162.20
Ferric chloride is an orange to brown-black solid.
Ferric chloride is slightly soluble in water.
Ferric chloride is noncombustible.
When wet Ferric chloride is corrosive to aluminum and most metals. Pick up and remove spilled solid before adding water.
Ferric chloride is used to treat sewage, industrial waste, to purify water, as an etching agent for engraving circuit boards, and in the manufacture of other chemicals.
Ferric chloride, solution appears as a colorless to light brown aqueous solution that has a faint hydrochloric acid odor.
Highly corrosive to most metals and probably corrosive to tissue.
Noncombustible.
Used in sewage treatment and water purification.
Ferric chloride is an iron coordination entity.
Ferric chloride has a role as a Lewis acid and an astringent.
Ferric chloride is the inorganic compound with the formula (FeCl3).
Also called ferric chloride, Ferric chloride is a common compound of iron in the +3 oxidation state.
Ferric chloride is a crystalline solid with a melting point of 307.6 °C.
The color depends on the viewing angle: by reflected light the crystals appear dark green, but by transmitted light they appear purple-red.
Ferric Chloride, also know as Ferric chloride, and Iron chloride, is an industrial scale commodity chemical compound.
Ferric chlorides chemical formula is Ferric chloride and its CAS is 7705-08-0. When dissolved in water, the compound undergoes hydrolysis resulting in a brown highly corrosive, acidic solution that is used as a flocculent in sewage treatment and drinking water production.
Ferric chloride is a strong Lewis acid that is used as a catalyst in organic synthesis.
In Ferric chlorides raw form, ferric chloride is a hygroscopic crystal.
Ferric chlorides color is dependent on the viewing angle. In reflected light, the crystals appear to be dark green.
By transmitted light, they appear purple-red.
Ferric chloride is readily soluble in liquids with donor properties, such as alcohols, ketones, ethers, nitriles, amines, and liquid sulfur dioxide, but sparingly soluble in nonpolar solvents like benzene and hexane according to Ulmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry.
Ferric chloride is harmful, highly corrosive, and acidic.
Ferric chloride is a powerful dehydrating agent.
Although poisoning in humans is rare, ingestion of ferric chloride can result in serious morbidity and mortality.
The most common use of ferric chloride is in solution.
When dissolved Ferric chloride forms a light brown aqueous solution with a faint hydrochloric acid odor.
Ferric chloride is highly corrosive to most metals and probably corrosive to tissue.
Ferric chloride is noncombustible and primarily used in sewage treatment and water purification.
Industrial uses include the manufacture of pigments, plating agents and surface treating agents, process regulators, and solids separation agents.
Ferris chloride is produced industrially by a process called direct chlorination, the reaction of dry chlorine with scrap iron at 500-700 degrees Centigrade.
Ferric Chloride is generally immediately available in most volumes.
High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.
Ferric chloride-induced injury of the vascular bed is induced by superfusion of a ferric chloride solution directed on the isolated artery or by transient topical application of a filter paper saturated with a solution of FeCl3.
Ferric chloride is an oxidative chemical agent that penetrates the vessel rapidly and induces removal of endothelia, leading to exposure of the subendothelial matrix.
The severity of the injury induced is dependent on the concentration of the ferric chloride solution used and the duration of its application to the artery.
A wide range of conditions have been reported, from ferric chloride concentrations of 5–50% and exposure times from a few seconds to several minutes, depending on the animal model studied.
Ferric chloride is an inorganic compound with formula FeCl3 which has numerous industrial, pharmaceutical and laboratorial uses.
In this article we will discuss ferric chloride structure with its physical and chemical properties, ferric chloride test for phenols and applications in various fields.
Ferric chloride is a common compound of iron and chlorine in which iron possesses +3 oxidation state.
Ferric chloride’s IUPAC name is Ferric chloride.
Apart from ferric chloride it has several common names such as molysite and flores martis.
Ferric chloride possesses various colours such as in its anhydrous form it appears black-green or purple while in Ferric chlorides hydrous form it appears yellow solid.
Ferric chloride is a covalent compound although Ferric chloride is a metal and chlorine is a non-metal.
In ferric chloride, iron gets partial positive charge and chlorine atoms get partial negative charge as chlorine is more electronegative than iron so Ferric chloride pulls a shared electron pair towards itself.
Ferric chloride is an iron coordination entity which functions as an astringent and Lewis acid.
The chemical formula of Ferric Chloride is FeCl3.
Ferric chloride is colourless to light brown and has a faint hydrochloric acid (HCl) smell.
Ferric chloride is corrosive to most metals and tissues.
Ferric chloride is non-combustible and is widely used in water purification and sewage treatment.
In Ferric chlorides anhydrous form, Ferric chloride is deliquescent.
Also, partial hydrolysis takes place as Ferric chloride absorbs water from the air and liberates hydrogen chloride (HCl) that forms mists in moist air.
Ferric chloride is a strong Lewis acid.
Ferric Chloride is used in organic synthesis as a catalyst.
Ferric chloride is used to treat over cropping of animal claws especially when the over cropping leads to bleeding.
Ferric chloride is used as a drying reagent in some reactions in its anhydrous form.
Ferric chloride has wide applications in energy storage systems.
Ferric chloride is a very important chemical used in several branches of industry.
Ferric chloride is produced as an aqueous solution from the oxidation of ferrous chloride with chlorine.
The primary use of ferric chloride is to remove impurities in water and for wastewater treatment.
Including industrial water treatment applications and its use in pre-treatment of seawater prior to desalination, the total water treatment accounts for approximately 80% of the total demand of ferric chloride globally.
The second-largest application is in the production of printed circuit boards, which accounts for ca. 10% of the demand.
Other uses of ferric chloride are as a leaching agent in chloride hydrometallurgy, for example in the production of silicon from FeSi (the Silgrain process), and as catalyst for the reaction of ethylene with chlorine forming ethylene dichloride (1,2-dichloroethane), an important commodity chemical mainly used for the industrial production of vinyl chloride. Ferric chloride has the unusual distinction of being one of the purest and most concentrated forms of iron commercially available.
However, what is truly unusual is that ferric chloride not only functions as a reactant to remove water impurities but it also acts both as a coagulant and flocculant.
Ferric chloride is produced by reaction of the synthesis hydrochloric acid and ferrous oxide, while ferric chloride is produced by the chlorination of ferrous chloride.
Both products are available in the technical or drinking water treatment grade.
The drinking water treatment grade is divided, depending on the application, in standard or extreme grade.
Ferric chloride, at 40%, is widely used in the purification of drinking water, in the treatment of wastewater or industrial water.
Ferrous chloride, at 30%, performs, among others, a function of control and abatement of hydrogen sulphide, the reduction of phosphorus, chromates and the elimination of cyanides in the water to be purified.
Ferric chloride otherwise known as flocculant, iron trichloride, or iron(III) chloride is often found in the form of an aqueous solution that can be anywhere from colorless to light brown in appearance with a faint hydrochloric acid odor.
Ferric chloride is a chemical compound consisting of iron and chlorine.
Much ferric chloride is recycled from a liquid left behind in the steel-making process.
Without ferric chloride, a clear, clean public supply of water of any sort would be difficult to obtain.
Ferric chloride is an orange to brown-black solid.
Ferric chloride is slightly soluble in water.
Ferric chloride is noncombustible. When wet it is corrosive to aluminum and most metals. Pick up and remove spilled solid before adding water.
Ferric chloride is used to treat sewage, industrial waste, to purify water, as an etching agent for engraving circuit boards, and in the manufacture of other chemicals.
Ferric chloride is an industrial scale metal.
The formula of the chemical compound is FeCl3.
Ferric chloride crystals depends on the viewing angle, with reflected light the crystals appear dark green, but with transmitted light they appear purple-red.
Ferric chloride is soluble forming hydrated hydrogen chloride mist in moist air. Rarely is observed in some fumaroles, mainly known as mineral molysite, in its natural state.
When dissolved in water, Ferric chloride undergoes hydrolysis and gives off heat in an exothermic reaction.
The resulting brown acidic and corrosive solution is used as a coagulant in wastewater treatment and drinking water production, and as copper-based metals etchant for printed circuit boards.
Ferric chloride is a very strong Lewis acid and is used as a catalyst in organic synthesis.
USES:
Ferric chloride is used in sewage treatment and drinking water production as a coagulant and flocculant.
In this application, Ferric chloride in slightly basic water reacts with the hydroxide ion to form a floc of iron(III) hydroxide, or more precisely formulated as FeO(OH)−, that can remove suspended materials.
Ferric chloride is also used as a leaching agent in chloride hydrometallurgy, for example in the production of Si from FeSi (Silgrain process).
Another important application of iron(III) chloride is etching copper in two-step redox reaction to copper(I) chloride and then to copper(II) chloride in the production of printed circuit boards.
Ferric chloride is used as catalyst for the reaction of ethylene with chlorine, forming ethylene dichloride (1,2-dichloroethane), an important commodity chemical, which is mainly used for the industrial production of vinyl chloride, the monomer for making PVC.
The ferric chloride test is a traditional colorimetric test for phenols, which uses a 1% Ferric chloride solution that has been neutralized with sodium hydroxide until a slight precipitate of FeO(OH) is formed.
The mixture is filtered before use.
The organic substance is dissolved in water, methanol or ethanol, then the neutralized Ferric chloride solution is added—a transient or permanent coloration (usually purple, green or blue) indicates the presence of a phenol or enol.
This reaction is exploited in the Trinder spot test, which is used to indicate the presence of salicylates, particularly salicylic acid, which contains a phenolic OH group.
Ferric chloride can be used to detect the presence of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid and gamma-butyrolactone, which cause Ferric chloride to turn red-brown.
Ferric chloride is used in the production of sewage and drinking water.
Ferric chloride is used in anhydrous form as a dry reagent in some reactions.
Ferric chloride is used to detect the presence of phenol compounds in organic synthesis: eg examining the purity of synthesized Aspirin.
Ferric chloride is used to precipitate phosphate as iron(III) phosphate in water and wastewater treatment.
Ferric chloride has been used by knife woodworkers and artisans as a source of patterns to give the opposite effect to carving metal, so that layering or imperfections of the metal can be seen.
Ferric chloride is used for etching the fixture pattern in Ferric chloride meteorites.
Cylinder used in the intaglio printing industry for intaglio plates and gravure for printing images of photographs and works of art in photogravure required for etching.
Ferric chloride is used to make printed circuit boards (PCB).
In veterinary medicine, Ferric chloride is used to treat a pet nail shank, especially where bleeding occurs as a result of bleeding.
Ferric chloride reacts with cyclopentadienylmagnesium bromide in a preparation of ferrocene, a metal-sandwich complex.
Ferric chloride, sometimes used in the Raku trowel fire technique, colors a pottery piece in pink, brown, and orange.
Ferric chloride is used to test the pitting and crevice corrosion resistance of stainless steels and other alloys.
Used with NaI in acetonitrile to slightly reduce organic azides to primary amines.
Ferric chloride is used in the animal thrombosis model.
Used in energy storage systems
Historically, Ferric chloride has been used to make direct positive plans.
A component of the modified Carnoy solution used in the surgical treatment of keratocystic odontogenic tumor (COT).
Ferric chloride is used by American coin collectors to identify the dates which are so worn out that the date is no longer visible.
-Used in anhydrous form as a drying reagent in certain reactions.
-Used to detect the presence of phenol compounds in organic synthesis; e.g., examining purity of synthesized Aspirin.
-Used in water and wastewater treatment to precipitate phosphate as iron(III) phosphate.
-Used in wastewater treatment for odor control.
-Used by American coin collectors to identify the dates of Buffalo nickels that are so badly worn that the date is no longer visible.
-Used by bladesmiths and artisans in pattern welding to etch the metal, giving it a contrasting effect, to view metal layering or imperfections.
-Used to etch the widmanstatten pattern in iron meteorites.
-Necessary for the etching of photogravure plates for printing photographic and fine art images in intaglio and for etching rotogravure cylinders used in the printing industry.
-Used to make printed circuit boards (PCBs) by etching copper.
-Used to strip aluminum coating from mirrors.
-Used to etch intricate medical devices.
-Used in veterinary practice to treat overcropping of an animal's claws, particularly when the overcropping results in bleeding.
-Reacts with cyclopentadienylmagnesium bromide in one preparation of ferrocene, a metal-sandwich complex.
-Sometimes used in a technique of Raku ware firing, the iron coloring a pottery piece shades of pink, brown, and orange.
-Used to test the pitting and crevice corrosion resistance of stainless steels and other alloys.
-Used in conjunction with NaI in acetonitrile to mildly reduce organic azides to primary amines.
-Used in energy storage systems.
-Historically Ferric chloride was used to make direct positive blueprints.
-A component of modified Carnoy's solution used for surgical treatment of keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KOT).
-Used as an additive to sodium chloride to produce clear crystals.
USAGES:
-Etching copper, brass, bronze, Damascus steel, stainless steel
-PCB fabrication
-Jewelry making
-Metalsmithing
-Decorate art knives and other metalwork
-Steel sign acid etching
-Etching pattern welds
-Etching on stone surfaces
-Colorant in pit-firing some pottery
-Glass casting
APPLICATIONS:
Ferric chloride provides a source of iron used in cell culture applications.
Ferric chloride provides iron in a less toxic form than free iron salts.
Ferric chloride has been used as medium supplement in human osteosarcoma cell (U2OS) culture, human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells and adult primary cardiomyocytes.
-Ferric chloride is used in sewage treatment.
-Ferric chloride is used in production of printed circuit boards.
-Ferric chloride is used as a catalyst in many reactions.
-Ferric chloride is frequently used in laboratories.
-Ferric chloride is used for colorimetric tests for phenols.
-Ferric chloride can also be used to test gamma-hydroxybutyric acid and gamma -butyrolactone.
-Ferric chloride is used as drying reagent in many reactions.
-Ferric chloride is used by bladesmiths and artisans in pattern welding.
-Ferric chloride is used to strip aluminum coating from mirrors.
-Ferric chloride is used to etch intricate medical devices.
BENEFITS:
-Etching copper, brass, bronze, Damascus steel, stainless steel
-PCB fabrication
-Jewelry making
-Metalsmithing
-Decorate art knives and other metalwork
-Steel sign acid etching
-Etching pattern welds
-Etching on stone surfaces
-Used as a colorant in pit-firing some pottery
-Glass casting
PROPERTIES:
-Quality Level: 200
-biological source: synthetic (organic)
-product line: BioReagent
-application(s): cell culture | mammalian: suitable
-solubility: hot water: 0.01 g/mL, clear, orange-yellow
-shipped in: ambient
-storage temp.: room temp
-SMILES string: OC12CC(=O)O[Fe](OC(=O)C1)OC2=O
-InChI: 1S/C6H8O7.Fe/c7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10;/h13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12);/q;+3/p-3
-InChI key: NPFOYSMITVOQOS-UHFFFAOYSA-K
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:
-Ferric chlorides chemical formula is FeCl3.
-Ferric chlorides molar mass is 162.2 g/mol (anhydrous).
-Ferric chloride looks purple - red or green – black in its anhydrous form while yellow solid as hexahydrate.
-Ferric chlorides aqueous solution looks brown in color.
-Ferric chloride has a faint HCl odor.
-Ferric chlorides melting point is 307.6℃ in its anhydrous form.
-Ferric chloride shows 316℃ boiling point in its anhydrous form.
-Ferric chloride is highly soluble in methanol and diethyl ether.
SPECIFICATIONS:
-Compound Formula: Cl3Fe
-Molecular Weight: 162.2
-Appearance: Black crystals or crystalline powder
-Melting Point: 306° C (582.8° F)
-Boiling Point: 315° C (599° F)
-Density: 2.90 g/cm3
-Solubility in H2O: 480 g/l (20 °C)
-pH: 1.8 (6 g/l, 20 °C)
-Exact Mass: 160.842
-Monoisotopic Mass: 160.842
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
Ferric chloride is used as a component of protein-free medium.
Ferric chloride is used as a substitute for transferrin in mouse hybridomas culture.
Ferric chloride enhances IgM production.
Ferric chloride indirectly stimulates the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) by favoring high amphiregulin oncoprotein levels in colon cancer.
Ferric chloride is effective in binding to phosphate in patients with dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease.
STRUCTURE:
Ferric chloride has the BiI3 structure, with octahedral Fe(III) centers interconnected by two-coordinate chloride ligands.
Ferric chloride has a relatively low melting point and boils at around 315 °C.
The vapor consists of the Ferric chloride which increasingly dissociates into the monomeric FeCl3 (with D3h point group molecular symmetry) at higher temperature, in competition with Ferric chlorides reversible decomposition to give iron(II) chloride and chlorine gas.
CHEMICAL IDENTIFIERS:
-Linear Formula: FeCl3
-MDL Number: MFCD00011005
-EC No.: 231-729-4
-Pubchem CID: 24380
-SMILES Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl
-InchI Identifier: InChI=1S/3ClH.Fe/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3
-InchI Key: RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K
STORAGE:
Separated from strong bases and incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Dry. Well closed.
SYNONYM:
Iron trichloride
trichloroiron
Iron perchloride
Iron chloride (FeCl3)
Flores martis
Chlorure perrique
Iron (III) chloride
Perchlorure de fer
FERRIC CHLORIDE, ANHYDROUS
Iron chloride (Fe2Cl3)
Iron sesquichloride
Iron(III) chloride, solution
Ferric chloride, solution
MFCD00011005
Iron(III) chloride, anhydrous
Ferric trichloride
Iron chloride, solid
Ferric chloride, solid
WLN: FE G3
Natural molysite
FeCl3
Caswell No. 459
Ferric chloride solutions
Iron sesquichloride (DOT)
Chlorure ferrique [French]
Chlorure perrique [French]
Perchlorure de fer [French]
CCRIS 2299
HSDB 449
Chlorure ferrique
Iron(III)chloride
Fe(III) chloride
EINECS 231-729-4
iron (III)chloride
iron(3+) chloride
NSC 51150
UN1773
UN2582
iron (III) cloride
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 034901
NSC 135798
iron-(III) chloride
