Quick Search
Glucuronolactone is a naturally occurring compound that is a metabolite of glucose.
It is a part of the pentose phosphate pathway and plays a role in various biochemical processes. Glucuronolactone is often used in the production of energy drinks due to its potential stimulating effects.
CAS Number: 32449-92-6
Synonyms:,3-Oxo-3,4-dihydroxybutanoic acid lactone,D-Glucuronolactone
D-Glucuronic acid lactone,Glucuronic acid γ-lactone
Introduction
Definition and Historical Context:
This section will define glucuronolactone, explaining its chemical nature as a naturally occurring substance and its role in various biological systems.
It will explore its historical discovery, focusing on when it was first identified and its early applications in medicine and industry.
Discovery and Development:
A discussion of key researchers and milestones in the development of glucuronolactone, from its initial identification in the body to its widespread use in energy drinks and supplements.
It will explore the evolution of research on glucuronolactone and its subsequent inclusion in health products.
Chemical Properties
Chemical Structure and Formula:
A thorough explanation of the molecular formula (C6H8O6), structure, and functional groups present in glucuronolactone.
It will describe the lactone ring and its hydrolysis into glucuronic acid. A focus will be placed on the stability and reactivity of the molecule in different conditions.
Physical Properties (Melting Point, Solubility, etc.):
This section will detail the physical properties of glucuronolactone, such as its melting point, solubility in water and organic solvents, and its appearance in both crystalline and powder forms.
It will also cover its stability under different environmental conditions like temperature and pH.
Isomerism and Stereochemistry:
A look at the stereochemical aspects of glucuronolactone, discussing any isomeric forms it might adopt, the role of chirality in its biological activity, and how its structure relates to its function in metabolism.
Biochemical Role
Metabolic Pathways Involving Glucuronolactone:
This part will dive into the biochemical pathways where glucuronolactone is involved, such as the glucuronidation pathway, where glucuronolactone serves as an intermediate.
The role of glucuronolactone in detoxification, and its contribution to liver function and metabolism, will be covered.
Biosynthesis and Degradation:
The process by which glucuronolactone is synthesized in the body, including its formation from glucose-6-phosphate via the hexuronic acid pathway.
It will also cover its breakdown in the body, primarily through hydrolysis into glucuronic acid.
Role in Detoxification and Liver Function:
An in-depth explanation of how glucuronolactone is involved in the detoxification process,
its interaction with various toxins, and how it helps in the conjugation of waste products to aid excretion.
Production Methods
Synthetic Routes and Industrial Processes:
A comprehensive review of the methods used to synthesize glucuronolactone, both chemically and biologically.
It will explore chemical synthesis methods (e.g., oxidation of glucose) and biotechnological approaches involving microbial fermentation.
Raw Materials Used in Production:
Discussion on the key raw materials required for glucuronolactone production, such as glucose, and how these materials are processed into the final product.
This section will include insights into the cost-effectiveness and scalability of these processes.
Applications
Use in Food, Beverages, and Dietary Supplements:
This section will examine how glucuronolactone is widely used in the food and beverage industry, especially in energy drinks.
Its role as an ingredient in energy drinks like Red Bull, Monster, and others, and its purported benefits, will be explored.
Role in Energy Drinks and Its Effects:
A detailed review of the pharmacological effects of glucuronolactone in energy drinks, its contribution to the stimulant effect when combined with caffeine and taurine, and the claimed benefits of increased energy, alertness, and cognitive function.
Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Uses:
A discussion on the less common uses of glucuronolactone in pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations.
It will explore its potential as a detoxifying agent, its incorporation into skin care products, and its impact on dermatological health.
Potential Health Benefits and Clinical Applications:
An overview of the current clinical and preclinical studies examining the health benefits of glucuronolactone, including potential applications in improving cognitive performance, reducing fatigue, and aiding in detoxification.
SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT GLUCORONOLACTONE
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:
If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.
If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas
Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.
Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.
Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials
Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.
Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.
If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.
Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product
