HEXASODIUM METAPHOSPHATE

Hexasodium metaphosphate is also used as a dispersing agent to break down clay and other soil types for soil texture assessment.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is used as an active ingredient in toothpastes as an anti-staining and tartar prevention ingredient.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

CAS Number: 10124-56-8
EC Number: 233-343-1
Chemical Name: Hexasodium Metaphosphate
Molecular Formula: Na₆P₆O₁₈
Molecular Weight: 611.77 g/mol

SYNONYMS:
Sodium hexametaphosphate, SHMP, Calgon S, Glassy sodium, Graham's salt, Metaphosphoric acid hexasodium salt, Sodium polymetaphosphate, Polyphosphoric acids sodium salt, Sodium polyphosphate, Phosphate glass, Calgon S, glassy sodium, graham's salt, hexasodium metaphosphate, metaphosphoric acid, hexasodium salt, SHMP, ISMP, sporix, metafos, kurrol’ssalt, maddrellsalt, GRAHAM'S SALT, maddrell’ssalt, SODIUM M-PHOSPHATE, Sodium metaphosphate, sodiumphosphate[napo3], Hexametaphosphate, sodium salt, Sodium metaphosphate, pentasodium triphosphate, sodium esametaphosphate, Calgon S, vitreous sodium Graham`s salt, Sodium metaphosphate, SHMP, Metaphosphoric acid, hexasodium salt, Calgon S, Glassy sodium, Graham's salt, Hexasodium metaphosphate, Mixture of polymeric metaphosphates, Polyphosphoric acids, sodium salts, Polyphosphoric acids sodium salts, Sodium hexametaphosphate, tech., Sodium hexametaphosphate techical, Sodium polymetaphosphate, Sodium polymetaphosphate, Calgon, Calgon (old), Calgon S, Chemi-charl, Graham's salt, HMP, Hexametaphosphate, sodium salt, Hexasodium hexametaphosphate, Hexasodium metaphosphate, Medi-Calgon, Metaphosphoric acid (H6P6O18), hexasodium salt, Metaphosphoric acid, hexasodium salt, Natrium hexametaphosphat [German], Phosphate, sodium hexameta, Polyphos, SHMP, Sodium phosphate (Na6P6O18), Sodium phosphate, tribasic, Sodium polymeta phosphate, [ChemIDplus], sodium cyclo-hexaphosphate, Calgon S, Glassy sodium, Graham's salt, Hexasodium metaphosphate, Metaphosphoric acid, hexasodium salt, Calgon, Hexasodium hexametaphosphate, Chemi-charl, Graham's salt, Calgon S, Calgon (old), Caswell No. 772, Hexasodium metaphosphate, Phosphate, sodium hexameta, SODIUMHEXAMETAPHOSPHATE, FEMA 3027, HSDB 5053, Natrium hexametaphosphat, N40N91DW96, EINECS 233-343-1, Sodium hexametaphosphate (Na6P6O18), EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 076402, UNII-N40N91DW96, DTXSID1047522, Metaphosphoric acid (H6P6O18), hexasodium salt, METAPHOSPHORIC ACID SODIUM SALT, hexasodium;2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxido-1,3,5,7,9,11-hexaoxa-2lambda5,4lambda5,6lambda5,8lambda5,10lambda5,12lambda5-hexaphosphacyclododecane 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxide, SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE ((NAPO3)6), EC 233-343-1, SHMP, Medi-Calgon, Hexametaphosphate, sodium salt, polymetaphosphate, Sodium phosphate (Na6P6O18), Natrium hexametaphosphat [German], Metaphosphoric acid, hexasodium salt, HYPHOS CONCENTRATE, Sodium hexamethylphosphate, DTXCID9027522, Hexasodium metaphosphate (P6O186(-)), FS180002, HEXASODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE [HSDB], NS00014057, Sodium hexametaphosphate, LR, >=67% P2O5 basis, Q3116769, Hexasodium cyclohexaphosphoxane-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexolate 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxide, SHP, Sodium Hexametaphosphate, Hexasodium Metaphosphate, meta phosphoric acid (HPO3), sodium salt, sodiummetaphosphate, Hexasodium hexametaphosphate, Metaphosphoric acid, hexasodium salt, Sodium hexametaphosphate

Hexasodium metaphosphate is a salt of composition Na6[(PO3)6].
Hexasodium metaphosphate of commerce is typically a mixture of metaphosphates (empirical formula: NaPO3), of which the hexamer is one, and is usually the compound referred to by this name.

Such a mixture is more correctly termed Hexasodium metaphosphate.
They are white solids that dissolve in water.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.

Hexasodium metaphosphate, also known as sodium polyphosphate, is an inorganic compound belonging to the polyphosphate family.
Hexasodium metaphosphate exhibits exceptional sequestration, texturizing and pH-regulating properties.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is also known under the name sodium polyphosphate, and metaphosphoric acid hexasodium salt.

Hexasodium metaphosphate is a salt of the compound Na6[(PO3)6].
Commercially used Hexasodium metaphosphate is typically a mixture of metaphosphates (empirical formula: NaPO3) of which the hexamer is one, and is the compound commonly referred to by that name.

Such a mixture is more accurately called sodium polymetaphosphate.
They are white solids that dissolve in water.
Hexasodium metaphosphate, also known as sodium polyphosphate, is an inorganic compound belonging to the polyphosphate family.

Hexasodium metaphosphate exhibits exceptional sequestration, texturizing and pH-regulating properties.
These characteristics make Hexasodium metaphosphate a highly versatile compound widely utilized in various applications in the food industry.
Hexasodium metaphosphate by CD Formulation acts as a chelating agent.

Hexasodium metaphosphate is an inorganic polyphosphate salt commonly used as a corrosion inhibitor, emulsifying agent and as a tooth whitening agent in dentifrice formulations.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is suitable for cosmetic products.

Hexasodium metaphosphate is a linear sodium polyphosphate
Hexasodium metaphosphate (SHMP) is a hexamer of the composition (NaPO3) 6.
The Hexasodium metaphosphate of commerce is typically a mixture of polymeric metaphosphates of which the hexamer is one, and is the compound usually referred to by this name.

More correctly called sodium polymethanephosphate.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is also known under the name sodium polyphosphate, and metaphosphoric acid hexasodium salt.
Hexasodium metaphosphate, also known as sodium polymetaphosphate, is a polymer of sodium phosphate.

Hexasodium metaphosphate is a clear hygroscopic solid.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is soluble in water.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is a white odorless granules.

Hexasodium metaphosphate is a salt with multiple functions in cosmetics.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is an inorganic substance with the molecular formula (NaPO3)6, white powder crystal, or colorless transparent glass flake or block solid.

Hexasodium metaphosphate is soluble in water, insoluble in organic solvents.
Hexasodium metaphosphate has strong hygroscopicity, and when exposed to the air, it can gradually absorb water and become a sticky substance.
Hexasodium metaphosphate can form soluble complexes with metal ions such as calcium and magnesium.

Hexasodium metaphosphate has a wide range of uses in both food and industrial fields.
Hexasodium metaphosphate (SHMP) is a mixture of polymeric Meta phosphates of which the Hexamer is one.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is prepared by heating Monosodium Orthophosphate until it starts melting and the process is followed by rapid cooling.

The value of n ranges from 3 to 10 (cyclic molecules) or may be a much larger number (polymers).
Cyclic sodium metaphosphate, based on rings of alternating phosphorus and oxygen atoms, range from the trimetaphosphate (Na PO 3 ) 3 to at least the decametaphosphate.
So-called Hexasodium metaphosphate is probably a polymer where n is between 10 and 20 (“Calgon”).

USES and APPLICATIONS of HEXASODIUM METAPHOSPHATE:
Cosmetic Uses of Hexasodium metaphosphate: buffering agents, chelating agents, and oral care agents.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is commonly used in water treatment processes to prevent scale formation and to soften water by sequestering metal ions.

Hexasodium metaphosphate serves as an effective food additive (E452i) with emulsifying and moisture-retaining properties.
In detergents, Hexasodium metaphosphate improves cleaning performance by dispersing dirt and preventing redeposition.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is used in ceramic production to help disperse particles evenly in slurries.

In the textile and leather industries, Hexasodium metaphosphate functions as a processing aid.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is also applied in the pulp and paper industry to enhance bleaching and improve paper quality.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is used as a sequestrant and has applications within a wide variety of industries, including as a food additive in which it is used under the E number E452i.

Sodium carbonate is sometimes added to Hexasodium metaphosphate to raise the pH to 8.0–8.6, which produces a number of Hexasodium metaphosphate products used for water softening and detergents.
A significant use for Hexasodium metaphosphate is as a deflocculant in the production of clay-based ceramic particles.

Hexasodium metaphosphate is used as an active ingredient in toothpastes as an anti-staining and tartar prevention ingredient.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Hexasodium metaphosphate is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products, coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, adhesives and sealants, inks and toners, pharmaceuticals, polymers, washing & cleaning products and fertilisers.
Other release to the environment of hexasodium metaphosphate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.

Release to the environment of hexasodium metaphosphate can occur from industrial use: industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal).
Hexasodium metaphosphate is also used as a dispersing agent to break down clay and other soil types for soil texture assessment.

Other release to the environment of hexasodium metaphosphate is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).

Hexasodium metaphosphate can be found in products with material based on: fabrics, textiles and apparel (e.g. clothing, mattress, curtains or carpets, textile toys), paper (e.g. tissues, feminine hygiene products, nappies, books, magazines, wallpaper), wood (e.g. floors, furniture, toys), plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones), stone, plaster, cement, glass or ceramic (e.g. dishes, pots/pans, food storage containers, construction and isolation material) and leather (e.g. gloves, shoes, purses, furniture).

Hexasodium metaphosphate is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, water softeners, water treatment chemicals, coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, fertilisers, adhesives and sealants, metal surface treatment products, inks and toners, polymers and washing & cleaning products.

Hexasodium metaphosphate is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging, agriculture, forestry and fishing, building & construction work, municipal supply (e.g. electricity, steam, gas, water) and sewage treatment and scientific research and development.

Hexasodium metaphosphate is used for the manufacture of: metals, fabricated metal products, chemicals, machinery and vehicles, pulp, paper and paper products and.
Other release to the environment of hexasodium metaphosphate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.

Hexasodium metaphosphate is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, water softeners, polymers, water treatment chemicals and cosmetics and personal care products.
Release to the environment of hexasodium metaphosphate can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, in the production of articles, in processing aids at industrial sites, as processing aid and formulation in materials.

Other release to the environment of hexasodium metaphosphate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).
Hexasodium metaphosphate is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, water softeners, water treatment chemicals, textile treatment products and dyes, leather treatment products, metal surface treatment products and washing & cleaning products.

Hexasodium metaphosphate is used in the following areas: mining, formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging and municipal supply (e.g. electricity, steam, gas, water) and sewage treatment.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, textile, leather or fur, metals, fabricated metal products and machinery and vehicles.

Release to the environment of hexasodium metaphosphate can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles, as processing aid and formulation of mixtures.
Other release to the environment of hexasodium metaphosphate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.

Release to the environment of hexasodium metaphosphate can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance, formulation of mixtures, formulation in materials, in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles and as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).

Hexasodium metaphosphate exhibits exceptional sequestration, texturizing and pH-regulating properties.
These characteristics make it a highly versatile compound widely utilized in various applications in the food industry.
Hexasodium metaphosphate Powder: Feed applications, Technical applications, and Food applications.

Hexasodium metaphosphate is a food additive used in dairy product, canned milk, packaged egg whites, ice cream, seafood and meat processing.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is also used as a sequestrant and water softening agent and detergents.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is an active ingredient in toothpastes as an anti-staining agent.

Hexasodium metaphosphate prevents the steel corrosion.
Further, Hexasodium metaphosphate is used in building, water treatment and in photographic developing.
In addition, Hexasodium metaphosphate is used as a retarder in dental alginate impression materials and as a thinner for petroleum drilling fluids.

Hexasodium metaphosphate is a salt with multiple functions in cosmetics.
Hexasodium metaphosphate can act as a detergent, an emulsifier, a texturizer, and a preservative that prevents metallic compounds from negatively affecting a product.

Hexasodium metaphosphate is also available in the following applications: Hexasodium metaphosphate Powder, Feed applications, Technical applications. 
In the food industry, Hexasodium metaphosphate is used as an emulsifier and is labelled E452i under the E-list classification.

Hexasodium metaphosphate can be found in various spreads, condensed milk, egg white concentrates, fish and meat products, fruit gum, etc.
This wide range of applications is due not only to the ability of Hexasodium metaphosphate to distribute the oil phase in water, but also to its ability to impart a sensation of moisture and to retain moisture in an adsorptive state, resulting not only in foods remaining stable for a longer period of time, but also in a significantly better taste.

Hexasodium metaphosphate can also be found in pectin-containing products, as it facilitates the dissolution of pectins and their even mixing.
In water treatment, Hexasodium metaphosphate is used as an effective sequestrant (metal ion binding) in water softening.
The addition of sodium carbonate produces products which raise the pH to 8.0-8.6, and act partly as pH stabilizers and softeners.

Hexasodium metaphosphate also acts as a dispersant, i.e. it clarifies the water.
Acting as a deflocculant, Hexasodium metaphosphate prevents the adhesion of colloidal, organic and inorganic particles, thus protecting the water from the growth of micro-organisms in the event of flocculation (particle adhesion) and when this cannot be eliminated by normal filtration.

In ceramics, Hexasodium metaphosphate is very effective as a deflocculant, i.e. an additive that helps to distribute the clay particles evenly and prevents them from sticking together.
Hexasodium metaphosphate can also be used as a clay or soil dispersant to assess soil texture.

In the cleaning industry, Hexasodium metaphosphate is used as an emollient to prevent dirt particles from settling on the surfaces to be cleaned during cleaning.
In cosmetics, hexasodium metaphosphate is used in toothpastes as a plaque-cleaning ingredient and as a plaque preventative.

Hexasodium metaphosphate can also be used as an aid in the dissolution of pectin.
In the paint industry, Hexasodium metaphosphate is used to evenly distribute the paint on the surface, thus avoiding pigmented spots.
In the construction industry, Hexasodium metaphosphate is used as a cement setting accelerator.

Hexasodium metaphosphate can be found in fast-drying mixtures.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products, coatings, fillers, putties, plasters, modeling clay, adhesives and sealants, inks and toners, pharmaceuticals, polymers, washing, cleaning products and fertilizers.

Other releases of Hexasodium metaphosphate into the environment are likely to result from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash fluids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coatings or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is used in formulation and/or repackaging of mixtures, agriculture, forestry and fisheries, civil and civil works, municipal supply (e.g. electricity, steam, gas, water), sewage treatment, scientific research and development.

Hexasodium metaphosphate is used as a sequestrant and has applications in a wide range of industries, including as a food additive under the E number E452i.
Sodium carbonate is sometimes added to Hexasodium metaphosphate to raise the pH to 8.0–8.6, producing a range of SHMP products used for water softening and detergents.

A major use for Hexasodium metaphosphate is as a dissolving agent in the production of clay-based ceramic particles.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is also used as a dispersing agent to break up clay and other soil types for soil texture assessment.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is used as an active ingredient in toothpastes as an anti-staining and anti-tartar ingredient.

Hexasodium metaphosphate removes the hardness of water.
Hexasodium metaphosphate softens the water and ensures better wetting of the dust in the environment.
Hexasodium metaphosphate prevents the formation of unwanted salts and cations in the soap or detergent industry.

Artificial maple syrup, canned milk, cheese powder and dips, imitation cheese, whipped topping, packaged egg whites, steak, fish fillets, fruit jelly, frozen desserts, salad dressing, herring, breakfast cereal, ice cream, beer and bottled beverages, among other foods, may contain Hexasodium metaphosphate.

Hexasodium metaphosphate is widely used in water softeners & detergents
Hexasodium metaphosphate is also used in leather tanning, dyeing, laundry work and textile processing
Hexasodium metaphosphate is used in process called ‘threshold treatment’ which is softening of industrial water supplies

Hexasodium metaphosphate is used as a sequestrant and as a food additive
Hexasodium metaphosphate can be used to adjust pH levels, thus acting as a buffer.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is used in dentifrices, polishing agents, abrasive detergents.

-Application of hexasodium metaphosphate in food and industrial industries:
Hexasodium metaphosphate is used in meat products, fish sausages, ham, etc.
Hexasodium metaphosphate can improve water holding capacity, increase adhesion and prevent fat oxidation.

Hexasodium metaphosphate used in soybean paste and soy sauce can prevent discoloration, increase viscosity, shorten fermentation period and adjust taste.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is used in fruit drinks and refreshing drinks, which can improve the juice yield, increase the viscosity, and inhibit the decomposition of vitamin C.

The use of hexasodium metaphosphate in ice cream can improve the expansion capacity, increase the volume, enhance the emulsification to prevent the destruction of the paste, and improve the taste and color.

Hexasodium metaphosphate is used in dairy products and beverages to prevent gel precipitation.
Adding hexasodium metaphosphate to beer can clarify the liquor and prevent turbidity.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is used in canned beans, fruits and vegetables to stabilize natural pigments and protect food color.

Hexasodium metaphosphate aqueous solution sprayed on cured meat can improve antiseptic performance.
Hexasodium metaphosphate can be heated with sodium fluoride to produce sodium monofluorophosphate, which is an important industrial raw material;

Hexasodium metaphosphate is used as a water softener, such as used in dyeing and finishing, to soften water.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is also widely used as a scale inhibitor in water treatment industries such as EDI (resin electrodialysis), RO (reverse osmosis), and NF (nanofiltration).

-Food additive uses of Hexasodium metaphosphate:
As a food additive, Hexasodium metaphosphate is used as an emulsifier.

Artificial maple syrup, canned milk, cheese powders and dips, imitation cheese, whipped topping, packaged egg whites, roast beef, fish fillets, fruit jelly, frozen desserts, salad dressing, herring, breakfast cereal, ice cream, beer, and bottled drinks, among other foods, can contain Hexasodium metaphosphate.

-Water softener salt uses of Hexasodium metaphosphate:
Hexasodium metaphosphate is used in Diamond Crystal brand Bright & Soft Salt Pellets for water softeners in a concentration of 0.03%.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is the only additive other than sodium chloride.

KEY INCI FUNCTIONS OF HEXASODIUM METAPHOSPHATE:
*Anti-corrosive: 
Hexasodium metaphosphate prevents corrosion of packaging.

*Chelating: 
Hexasodium metaphosphate reacts and forms complexes with metal ions which may affect the stability and/or appearance of cosmetic products.

*Masking: 
Hexasodium metaphosphate reduces or suppresses the odor or main flavor of the product.

CHARACTERISTICS OF HEXASODIUM METAPHOSPHATE:
Hexasodium metaphosphate is a white, odorless, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water and insoluble in organic solvents.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is thermally stable, hygroscopic, and non-flammable.

Hexasodium metaphosphate is chemically inert under normal storage conditions and maintains its stability over a wide range of pH levels.
Hexasodium metaphosphate is non-volatile and does not easily decompose, making it ideal for long-term use in various industrial applications.

PROPERTIES AND BENEFITS OF HEXASODIUM METAPHOSPHATE:
Hexasodium metaphosphate has excellent chelating properties, allowing it to effectively bind calcium, magnesium, and other metal ions in solution.

This helps to prevent scaling in water systems and enhances the effectiveness of cleaning agents.
Hexasodium metaphosphate provides emulsifying and stabilizing functions in food and industrial formulations.

Hexasodium metaphosphate promotes even dispersion of particles in ceramic mixtures and prevents clumping in powdered products.
Hexasodium metaphosphate additionally improves texture and moisture retention in food products and contributes to the consistency and performance of cleaning solutions.

RELATED COMPOUNS OF HEXASODIUM METAPHOSPHATE:
-Other anions    
*Trisodium phosphate
*Tetrasodium pyrophosphate
*Pentasodium triphosphate

-Related compounds    
*Sodium trimetaphosphate

WHAT DOES HEXASODIUM METAPHOSPHATE DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Anticorrosive
*Chelating
*Masking

PREPARATION OF HEXASODIUM METAPHOSPHATE:
Hexasodium metaphosphate is prepared by heating monosodium orthophosphate to generate sodium acid pyrophosphate:
2 NaH2PO4 → Na2H2P2O7 + H2O

Subsequently, the pyrophosphate is heated to give the corresponding Hexasodium metaphosphate:
3 Na2H2P2O7 → (NaPO3)6 + 3 H2O followed by rapid cooling.

REACTIONS OF HEXASODIUM METAPHOSPHATE:
Hexasodium metaphosphate hydrolyzes in aqueous solution, particularly under acidic conditions and/or heat, to sodium trimetaphosphate and sodium orthophosphate.

HISTORY OF HEXASODIUM METAPHOSPHATE:
Hexasodium metaphosphate is the alkali salt of one of the series of polymetaphosphoric acids (acids formed by the polymerization of phosphate groups).

Hexametaphosphoric acid was first made in 1825 by the German chemist Johann Frederich Philipp Engelhart (1797-1853).
For his doctoral thesis, Engelhart intended to determine whether iron was responsible for the red color of blood.

In order to purify his blood samples, Engelhart had found that he could coagulate the blood serum's albumin (dissolved proteins) by treating the blood with phosphoric acid.

This contradicted the findings of the famous Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius, who had stated that phosphoric acid did not coagulate water-soluble proteins such as egg white.

Berzelius and Engelhart collaborated with the intention of resolving the contradiction; they concluded that Engelhart had produced a new form of phosphoric acid simply by burning phosphorus in air and then dissolving the resulting substance in water.

However they did not determine the new acid's composition.
That analysis was accomplished in 1833 by the Scottish chemist Thomas Graham, who named the sodium salt of the new acid "metaphosphate of soda".

Graham's findings were confirmed by the German chemists Justus von Liebig and Theodor Fleitmann.
In 1849 Fleitmann coined the name "hexametaphosphoric acid".

By 1956, chromatographic analysis of hydrolysates of Graham's salt (sodium polyphosphate) indicated the presence of cyclic anions containing more than four phosphate groups; these findings were confirmed in 1961.

In 1963, the German chemists Erich Thilo and Ulrich Schülke succeeded in preparing Hexasodium metaphosphate by heating anhydrous sodium trimetaphosphate.

BENEFITS OF HEXASODIUM METAPHOSPHATE:
*Shelf-life enhancement: 
hexasodium metaphosphate significantly extends product shelf life by enhancing stability and preventing spoilage, ensuring prolonged and consistent freshness and quality.

*Improved food quality: 
utilization of hexasodium metaphosphate greatly improves food quality by retaining moisture, improving texture, preventing crystallization and stabilizing pH.

*Augments water holding capacity: 
hexasodium metaphosphate enhances water retention in meat products, fish sausages and ham, increasing adhesion and preventing fat oxidation.

*Corrosion resistance: 
hexasodium metaphosphate possesses anti-corrosive properties, protecting the product’s surface and maintaining quality during storage.

*Faster dissolution: 
powdered hexasodium metaphosphate dissolves rapidly in water, making it ideal for applications requiring swift action such as food processing.

THE SYNTHETIC METHODS OF HEXASODIUM METAPHOSPHATE:
*Sodium dihydrogen phosphate method: 
neutralize the soda ash solution with phosphoric acid at 80-100 ℃ for 2 hours, the resulting sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution is evaporated, concentrated, cooled and crystallized to obtain sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate, heated to 110 ～230℃ to remove 2 crystal waters, continue to heat to remove structural water, further heat to 620℃ to dehydrate, and the resulting sodium metaphosphate melt is polymerized into 
Hexasodium metaphosphate.
Then unloaded, quenched from 650°C to 60-80°C, tableted, and pulverized to obtain the finished product of Hexasodium metaphosphate.

*Phosphorus pentoxide method: 
The phosphorus pentoxide obtained by burning, oxidizing and cooling yellow phosphorus in a dry air stream is mixed with soda ash in a certain proportion (Na2O: P2O5=1～1.1).

The mixed powder is indirectly heated in a graphite crucible to dehydrate and fuse, and the resulting Hexasodium metaphosphate melt is quenched, tableted and pulverized to obtain an industrial Hexasodium metaphosphate product.

Heat the reagent sodium dihydrogen phosphate to 700～900℃ to melt.
When the melt is completely transparent and the internal bubbles disappear, it is quenched to 60～80℃ to obtain a flake glass product, which is Hexasodium metaphosphate.

Heating the reagent sodium dihydrogen phosphate to 250°C and quenching to obtain the dimer of sodium metaphosphate; heating to 650°C and quenching to obtain Hexasodium metaphosphate.

*Phosphoric anhydride method: 
After heating and melting the yellow phosphorus, it is sent to an oxidative combustion furnace, and the oxidative combustion reaction is carried out with oxygen in the dry air to generate an intermediate product, phosphoric anhydride.

After mixing phosphoric anhydride and soda ash, high temperature polymerization reaction, quenching tablet to obtain flake Hexasodium metaphosphate; after crushing, powdery Hexasodium metaphosphate can be obtained.

*Neutralization polymerization method: 
respectively pass phosphoric acid and liquid sodium hydroxide through their respective batch controllers (control the input amount of liquid alkali and acid in each batch, can be automatically batched, and the feeding speed can be adjusted arbitrarily within the range of 0~20L/min), according to the required dosage, continuously and accurately add it to the neutralization tank for neutralization reaction.

After the reaction is completed, the pH value reaches 4 to 4.4, and disodium hydrogen phosphate is generated, which is pumped into the high-level tank through the neutralization liquid pump.

A certain amount of disodium hydrogen phosphate is continuously and evenly sent to the dryer for drying to obtain flake disodium hydrogen phosphate with a specified moisture content, and then continuously sent to the high temperature (750 ℃) of diesel combustion made of special corrosion-resistant materials. ～850℃) in a polymerization furnace, melt and polymerize disodium hydrogen phosphate; the molten material flows out continuously from the polymerization furnace, and is quenched and pressed to obtain flake Hexasodium metaphosphate, which is crushed and screened to obtain the product.

SOURCES/USES OF HEXASODIUM METAPHOSPHATE:
Hexasodium metaphosphate is used in building and water treatment (60%), food processing (15%), and miscellaneous (25%).
Hexasodium metaphosphate is used in photographic developing, in dairy substitutes in pudding, as a retarder in dental alginate impression materials, and as a thinner for petroleum drilling fluids.
At low concentrations, Hexasodium metaphosphate inhibits steel corrosion and the formation of scale-forming compounds (calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate).

WHAT IS IT?
Sodium Metaphosphate, Sodium Trimetaphosphate and Hexasodium metaphosphate are all sodium polyphosphates made of repeating units of NaPO3.
Sodium Metaphosphate generally refers to a long chain of NaPO3 units that is not soluble in water, which is why it is sometimes called insoluble metaphosphate.

Sodium Trimetaphosphate has three NaPO3 units, and Hexasodium metaphosphate has six NaPO3 units.
Both the Trimetaphosphate and the Hexametaphosphate are soluble in water.
In cosmetics and personal care products, Sodium Metaphosphate, Sodium Trimetaphosphate and Hexasodium metaphosphate are used in the formulation of makeup foundations, mascara, bath products, and moisturizing and skin care products.

WHAT IS IT USED?
Sodium Metaphosphate, Trimetaphosphate and Hexametaphosphate inactivate metallic ions so as to prevent the deterioration of cosmetics and personal care products.

Sodium Metaphosphate is also used to polish the teeth, reduce oral odor, or otherwise cleanse or deodorize the teeth and mouth.
Sodium Trimetaphosphate minimizes the change in the pH of a solution when an acid or a base is added to the solution and Hexasodium metaphosphate prevents the corrosion (rust) of metallic materials used in packaging cosmetics and personal care products.

SCIENTIFIC FACTS:
Sodium Trimetaphosphate, and Hexametaphosphate are all inorganic salts that are often referred to as glassy sodium polyphosphates.
Sodium Metaphosphate, in the form of long chains, is referred to as insoluble metaphosphate.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of HEXASODIUM METAPHOSPHATE:
Chemical Name: Hexasodium Metaphosphate
CAS Number: 10124-56-8
EC Number: 233-343-1
Molecular Formula: Na₆P₆O₁₈
Molecular Weight: 611.77 g/mol
Molar Mass: 611.7704 g/mol
Density: 2.484 g/cm³
Appearance: White crystalline powder or granules / White powder
Odor: Odorless

Melting Point: Approx. 628°C / 600°C
Boiling Point: 1,500 °C (2,730 °F; 1,770 K)
Solubility in Water: Soluble (963.2 g/L at 20°C)
Solubility in Organic Solvents: Insoluble
pH (1% solution): 6.0 – 7.0 / 5.7 (10g/L, H₂O, 20°C)
Flash Point: Not applicable
Autoignition Temperature: No data available
Decomposition Temperature: No data available
Thermal Stability: Stable at high temperatures

Assay: 95.00 to 100.00%
P₂O₅ content: 62.00%
Na content: 21.00%
Iron (Fe) content: 0.02%
Chloride (Cl) content: 0.2%
Sulfate (SO₄) content: 0.03%
Hygroscopic: Yes
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Viscosity: No data available
Refractive Index (nD): 1.482

Partition Coefficient (log Pow): Not applicable for inorganic substances
Vapor Pressure: No data available
Relative Density: 2.58 at 20.5 °C
Relative Vapor Density: No data available
Explosive Properties: No data available
Oxidizing Properties: No data available
Storage Temp: Store at +5°C to +30°C
Water Solubility: 1,000 g/L

Synonym: Sodium hexametaphosphate
InChI Key: GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H
SMILES: [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P1(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)O1
FDA UNII: 532IUT7IRV
EPA Substance Registry System: Metaphosphoric acid (HPO₃), sodium salt (10361-03-2)
UNSPSC Code: 12352302
NACRES: NA.21

FIRST AID MEASURES of HEXASODIUM METAPHOSPHATE:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation: 
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact: 
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. 
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact: 
Rinse out with plenty of water. 
Call in ophthalmologist. 
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing: 
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most). 
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of HEXASODIUM METAPHOSPHATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains. 
Collect, bind, and pump off spills. 
Observe possible material restrictions. 
Take up dry. 
Dispose of properly. 
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of HEXASODIUM METAPHOSPHATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2) 
Foam 
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of HEXASODIUM METAPHOSPHATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection. 
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A 
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of HEXASODIUM METAPHOSPHATE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed. 
Dry.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of HEXASODIUM METAPHOSPHATE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available