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In pharmaceuticals area, Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin will help to increase the solubility of the medicine and biological availability, too.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin majorly utilized in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries.
CAS Number: 128446-35-5
EC Number: 420-920-1
MDL Number:MFCD00069372
Molecular Formula: Not fixed (since the degree of substitution varies), but it’s typically represented as:
C₄₂H₇₀₊ₓO₃₅₊₂ₓ, where x corresponds to the number of hydroxypropyl groups attached (on average about 4.5–7 per molecule).
A commonly cited empirical formula for an average substitution is approximately C₆₃H₁₁₂O₄₂.
Molecular Weight:
Because the hydroxypropyl substitution is variable, the average molecular weight is typically in the range of 1380 – 1460 g/mol (most references list ~1396 g/mol for a typical grade).
SYNONYMS:
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin, 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, HP-β-CD, Hydroxypropylbetadex, β-Cyclodextrin, 2-hydroxypropyl ether, Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, HPBetaCD, 2 Hydroxypropyl beta cyclodextrin, HP-beta-CD, HPbetaCD, Betadex, Hydroxypropyl, beta Hydroxypropylcyclodextrin, beta-Hydroxypropylcyclodextrin, 2 hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, RefChem:909949, DTXSID20894281, 2-Hydroxypropyl-Beta-Cyclodextrin, Hydroxypropyl-Beta-Cyclodextrin, 107745-73-3, Trappsol Cyclo, 6A,6B,6C,6D,6E,6F,6G-Heptakis-O-(2-hydroxypropyl)-beta-cyclodextrin, Trappsol HPB, Hydroxypropylbetadex, THPB, beta-Cyclodextrin, 6A,6B,6C,6D,6E,6F,6G-heptakis-O-(2-hydroxypropyl)-, Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextri, hydroxypropyl-beta cyclodextrin, CHEMBL577294, SCHEMBL29350553, ODLHGICHYURWBS-LKONHMLTSA-N, DTXSID401017375, OH05393, BRD-A01412266-001-01-0, .beta.-Cyclodextrin, 6A,6B,6C,6D,6E,6F,6G-heptakis-O-(2-hydroxypropyl)-, 6A,6B,6C,6D,6E,6F,6G-Heptakis-O-(2-hydroxypropyl)-A-cyclodextrin, 6A,6B,6C,6D,6E,6F,6G-Heptakis-O-(2-hydroxypropyl)-I(2)-cyclodextrin, (2-HYDROXYPROPYL)-BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN, (2-Hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin, Hydroxypropyl-b-Cyclodextrin, HP-beta-CD, beta-cyclodextrin,2-hydroxypropylether, (2-Hydroxypropyl)-beta-cyclode, HPBCD/HPCD, )-beta-cycL, CAVASOL(R)W7, Cavasol? W7 HP, (2-Hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin, (2-Hydroxypropyl)-beta-cyclodextrin, Hydroxypropylbetadexum, Hydroxypropyl Betadex
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin, also known as (2-hydroxypropyl) -β-cyclodextrin, is a hydrogen atom in the 2-, 3-, and 6-hydroxyl groups of the glucose residues in β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) that is replaced by hydroxypropyl to hydroxypropoxy.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin not only has excellent envelope effect on many compounds like β-CD, but also has the advantages of high water solubility and improving the release rate and bioavailability of the encapsulated drugs in vivo.
In addition, Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is a drug excipient with the most extensive safety data collected and no adverse side effects.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is white or white amorphous or crystalline powder; Odorless, slightly sweet; Strong moisture induction.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is easily soluble in water, easily soluble in methanol, ethanol, almost insoluble in acetone, trichloromethane.
The solubility of Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin in water is very good, and the substitution degree of 4 and above can be miscible with water in any proportion, and can also be dissolved in 50% ethanol and methanol.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin has certain relative hygroscopicity.
But the relative surface activity and hemolytic activity are relatively low.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin has no irritation to muscle and is an ideal solvent enhancer and pharmaceutical excipient for injection.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is a chemically modified derivative of natural β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), produced by the hydroxypropylation of β-CD's hydroxyl groups at the 2-, 3-, and/or 6-positions.
The structural modification makes Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin more soluble in water than its parent compound with a solubility rate above 100 mg/mL.
The molecule maintains its seven-membered α-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose ring which characterizes β-CD and sustains its conical hydrophobic cavity, but achieves enhanced hydrophilicity through hydroxypropyl substituents.
The result is a highly amphiphilic molecule with a hydrophobic inner cavity and a hydrophilic outer surface, making it an ideal inclusion host for hydrophobic guest molecules.
The inclusion complexation ability of Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is central to its functionality.
The hydrophobic cavity accommodates various poorly soluble or unstable substances, while the hydrophilic outer surface enhances their solubility in water and their bioavailability.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin's ability to possess both hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties drives its extensive application across pharmaceuticals, biomedical research, cosmetics, food stabilization, and environmental remediation.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is a water-soluble compound polymer.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin enhances the stability and absorption of the product and provides moisturizing and protective effects.
Hydroxypropyl Cyclodextrin is a propylene glycol ether of Cyclodextrin (q.v.).
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin (HP-cyclodextrin) refers to hydroxypropyl ether derivatives of cyclodextrins (commonly β-cyclodextrin) in which hydroxypropyl groups are substituted on the hydroxyl positions of the cyclodextrin ring.
The IUPAC name of Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is complex (since the molecule is a substituted cyclic oligosaccharide); for example one source lists: (1R,3S,5S,6R,8S,10S,11R,13S,15S,16R,18S,20S,21R,23S,25S,26R,28S,30S,31R,33S,35S,36R,37S,38S,39S,40S,41S,42S,43S,44S,45S,46S,47S,48S,49S)-5,10,15,20,25,30,35-heptakis(2-hydroxypropoxymethyl)-… etc.
These derivatives are used especially to improve solubility of poorly-soluble compounds, act as inclusion complexing agents, and in pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics and chemical applications.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin (especially the β-cyclodextrin derivative, CAS 128446-35-5, EC 420-920-1) is a water‐soluble modified cyclodextrin used as a solubiliser, carrier and stabiliser in pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics and chemical industries.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin offers the ability to form inclusion complexes with hydrophobic guest molecules, thus improving solubility, stability and formulation performance.
Physically Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is a white solid powder, high molecular weight (~1396 g/mol for one lot), water‐soluble (~45% w/v in some reports), and stable.
Safety data indicate Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is not classified as hazardous under EU regulation for the form described, but standard handling and formulation best practices apply.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is a type of bucket or donut-shaped molecule with a water-loving outer side and an oil-loving inner side that is used mostly to encapsulate other actives in cosmetics.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is an Oligosaccharide drug with a maximum clinical trial phase of III (across all indications) and has 3 investigational indications.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is a derivative of beta-cyclodextrin that is used as an excipient for steroid drugs and as a lipid chelator.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin belongs to the class of cyclodextrin derivatives, which exhibit a greater extent of solubility in water compared to their parent compounds.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is comprised of seven sugar molecules bound together in a ring (cyclic oligosaccharide).
The ring-shaped, three-dimensional structure has a hydrophobic cavity in its center, which is capable of trapping cholesterol and lipids.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin has been used extensively as an excipient in the food, deodorant, and drug industry for the past century, and it is generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
As an active ingredient, Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin entraps and removes intracellular cholesterol and lipids that can cause injury to the kidneys and other organs, including the brain and liver.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin has shown promising pre-clinical results in kidney disease.
Progression of kidney disease was prevented in mouse models of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)1 and Alport Syndrome (AS)2, and diabetic kidney disease was prevented or partially prevented in two pre-clinical studies3.
Promising pre-clinical results have also been demonstrated in non-renal indications, including Alzheimer’s disease4, atherosclerosis5, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease6, and Stargardt’s disease7.
A successful Phase 1 trial has been completed with Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin in patients with Niemann Pick, Type C1, an orphan condition associated with lipid accumulation in the brain and liver, and a Phase 2b/3 trial is now underway.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is a well-known sugar used in drug delivery, genetic vectors, environmental protection, and the treatment of Niemann-Pick disease type C1 (NPC1).
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is an inhibitor of amyloid-β aggregation and widely used drug delivery vehicle to improve stability and bioavailability.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin or Hydroxypropyl Beta Cyclodextrin, Hydroxypropyl-Beta-Cyclodextrin, is a cyclic oligosaccharide containing seven D-(+)-glucopyranose units which is commonly utilized to improve the aqueous solubility of various compounds, especially those containing a phenyl group.
The circular arrangement of Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin’s glucose units makes a torus-shaped ring configuration in which the CH2 groups and ether linkages of the molecule face the hollow interior, resulting in a non-polar, hydrophobic cavity and a polar, hydrophilic exterior.
When combine Hydroxypropyl Beta Cyclodextrin, Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin in solution with other substances, the non-polar aromatic portions of the said compound will work together with the non-polar interior of the Hydroxypropyl Beta Cyclodextrin, Hydroxypropyl-Beta-Cyclodextrin molecule.
By this way, Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin will isolate the aromatic portion of the molecule from the water and thereby increasing its aqueous solubility.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin, also known as 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, possesses a unique stereochemical structure with outer hydrophilic and inner hydrophobic properties typical of cyclodextrin compounds.
Compared to natural β-cyclodextrin, Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin exhibits higher water solubility and bioavailability, making it more effective in enhancing the solubility of poorly soluble substances in water and improving environmental stability.
Hence, Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin has gained widespread attention and application in biomedical, food, analytical chemistry, and environmental separation fields.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin can be abbreviated as HPCD.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is in the form of a white powder and has good solubility in water and can be dissolved in 50% ethanol and methanol.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin has some relative hygroscopicity.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is not irritating to muscles and is an ideal solubilizer and drug excipient for injection.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is one of the most intensively researched and widely used cyclodextrin derivatives.
USES and APPLICATIONS of HYDROXYPROPYL CYCLODEXTRIN:
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is mainly used in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
Food and Flavors: Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin can improve the stability and longevity of nutritional molecules, can mask or correct the bad odor and taste of food nutritional molecules, and can improve the production process and product quality.
Cosmetics: Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin can be used as stabilizer, emulsifier and deodorizer in cosmetic raw materials, which can decrease the irritation of organic molecules in cosmetics to skin and mucous membrane tissues, enhance the stability of active ingredients and prevent the volatilization and oxidation of nutrients.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin has certain relative hygroscopicity.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin majorly utilized in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is suitable for use in skin conditioning products.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin, a hydroxyalkyl derivative, finds application as a formulation vehicle that is used to enhance the solubility of the drugs in aqueous solutions for the successful delivery of medical agents to biological systems.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is generally employed as a substitute for α-, β- and γ-cyclodextrins.
Uses of Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin: Enteric coating, sustained release formulations, buccal and transdermal drug delivery.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin can be used as selective estrogen receptor modulator for the prevention of osteoporosis.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is a widely used modified cyclodextrin, the lipophilic cavity formed by 7 glucose units.
Drug solubility in water is greatly enhanced by complexing with Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is used for use in encapsulating ingredients to improve solubility, to increase bioavailability for difficult-to-soluble ingredients, and to increase the stability of some ingredients with low stability.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is widely used in parenteral formulations and solid dosage forms to aid in the improvement of their stability, dissolution, bioavailability, etc.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is able to increase the solubility of medicine and biological availability.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin will help to improve the bio availability of drugs.
Thirdly, Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is able to adjust or control the releasing of drugs.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is a perfect injection solubilizer and drug excipients because of its lower surface activity and hemolytic activity, no muscle irritation.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin can not only be utilized in oral medicines, injection, etc, but also could be utizlied as protein protective agent and stabilizer.
Meanwhile, Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin will help to control API release rate, lower drug toxicity and enhance stability.
In pharmaceuticals area, Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin will help to increase the solubility of the medicine and biological availability, too.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is one of the most widely applied cyclodextrin derivatives in current scientific researches and industry applications.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin majorly utilized in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries.
In food and perfume area, Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is able to enhance the stability of nutritional constituent and extend active time of effective constituent.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin will save the taste and smell of the final products.
In cosmetics industry, Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin will reduce stimulate of organic molecular in cosmetic to the skin and mucosa.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin can enhance the stability of matter, by preventing oxidation and volatilization of nutrients.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is an important cyclodextrin derivatives.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin can be used as solubilier, embedding medium, stabilizer and odor absorber in various fields.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin can be a solution to insoluble or low solubility drugs.
Through molecular encapsulation, Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is able to increase the medicine solubility and control the release rate of the medicine, increase the medicine's bioavailability and reduce the toxic side-effets.
In cosmetic making industry, Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is widely utilized as stabilizer, emulsifier and odor absorber.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin will effectively reduce organic molecules stimulation to skin mucosal and enhance the stability of the effective components.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin prevents volatile, oxidation of nutrient composition, increase the solubility of insoluble flavors and fragrances and keep the fragrance slow releasing and lasting.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin can also be used as a protein protector and stabilizer.
-Pharmaceutical Applications of Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin:
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin has been widely investigated in pharmaceutics and has principally been used as a solubilizer for hydrophobic molecules in oral liquids, oral solids, parenterals, pressurized metered dose inhalers, dry powder inhalers, and topical formulations.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin has also been shown to act as a stabilizer during processing and storage of formulations.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin inclusion complexes have been reported to show mechanical properties distinct from the pure materials.
The reported advantage of Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin over unsubstituted b-cyclodextrin is its greater water solubility.
-In the field of medicine:
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin can improve the water solubility of insoluble drugs, increase drug stability, improve drug bioavailability, increase the efficacy of drug preparations or reduce the dosage, adjust or control the release speed of drugs, and reduce drug toxicity.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin can be used as a carrier of oral drugs, injections, mucosal drug delivery systems (including nasal mucosa, rectum, cornea, etc.), transdermal absorption drug delivery systems, lipophilic targeted drugs, and can also be used as a protein protector and stabilizer.
-In cosmetics
The raw materials of cosmetics can be used as stabilizers, emulsifiers, deodorizers, etc., which can reduce the stimulation of organic molecules in cosmetics on skin and mucous membrane tissues, enhance the stability of active ingredients, and prevent the volatilization and oxidation of nutrients.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin has a certain relative hygroscopicity.
PHARMACEUTICALS USES of HYDROXYPROPYL CYCLODEXTRIN:
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is an ideal solubilizer and drug excipient for injection because of its relatively low relative surface activity and hemolytic activity and lack of irritation to muscles.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin can improve the water solubility of insoluble drugs, increase the stability of drugs and improve the bioavailability of drugs to increase the efficacy of pharmaceuticals.
And Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin can adjust the release rate of drugs to reduce the toxic side effects of drugs.
In addition, it should pay attention to studies have reported that cyclodextrins have broad promise in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Niemann-Pick Type C disease (NPC).
**Alzheimer’s disease
Amyloid deposits of misfolded amyloid-β protein (Aβ) on neuronal cells are a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease.
It has been reported the inhibitory activity of Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin, as a potential sugar-based Aβ inhibitor, against Aβ1-42 aggregation and Aβ-induced toxicity.
Research showed that Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin molecules were not only nontoxic to cells, but also greatly inhibited Aβ fibrillization and reduced Aβ-induced toxicity in a concentration-dependent manner.
And the inner hydrophobic cavity of Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin was identified as a key active site for Aβ inhibition.
**Niemann-Pick Type C disease
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin could be useful for treating Niemann-Pick Type C disease.
The lysosomal storage disease results from mutations in either NPC1 or NPC2 that cause cholesterol accumulation in lysosomes, leading to progressive liver disease and neurodegeneration.
USES / FUNCTIONAL ROLE of HYDROXYPROPYL CYCLODEXTRIN:
In pharmaceuticals use of Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin: HP-cyclodextrins (especially HP-β-CD) are widely used as excipients to improve the solubility, stability, and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs by forming inclusion complexes.
In cosmetics use of Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin: Derivatized cyclodextrins are used to stabilise active ingredients, mask odours, control release of fragrance/actives, improve solubility of lipophilic actives. (General derivative use in cosmetics)
In food/chemical industry: Derivatives such as hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin can improve solubility of flavours/fragrances, protect volatile compounds, act as carriers.
PROPERTIES & BENEFITS (FOR FORMULATORS/USERS) of HYDROXYPROPYL CYCLODEXTRIN:
Increased water solubility compared to native β-cyclodextrin:
The hydroxypropyl substitution disrupts strong hydrogen-bonding and increases solubility and complexation ability.
*Ability to form inclusion complexes:
The toroidal cavity of cyclodextrins can host hydrophobic “guest” molecules, shielding them in aqueous environments — beneficial for lipophilic actives in formulations.
*Stabilisation of volatile or labile ingredients:
By complexation, fragrance or active components may be stabilised against degradation, oxidation, volatilisation.
*Improved texture / formulation behaviour:
Because Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is water-soluble and relatively inert, it can be used in aqueous phases without adding strong ionic/surfactant character, which helps in delicate cosmetic formulations.
*Masking undesirable odours/tastes:
In food or flavour applications, Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin derivatives can encapsulate odorous molecules and release them gradually.
CHARACTERISITIC of HYDROXYPROPYL CYCLODEXTRIN:
The introduction of hydroxypropyl breaks the intramolecular cyclic hydrogen bond of β-cyclodextrin, which overcomes the main drawback of poor water solubility of β-cyclodextrin while maintaining the cavity of cyclodextrin.
CHARACTERISTICS RELEVANT TO FORMULATION of HYDROXYPROPYL CYCLODEXTRIN:
Because Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is a powder solid, typical processing involves dissolution in water phase, followed by mixing with other actives, or pre‐complexation of guest molecule then incorporation into the formulation.
The degree of substitution (number of hydroxypropyl groups per glucose unit) influences solubility, complexation capacity, and viscosity – thus supplier grade and specification are important.
The molecular weight is high and the compound is non‐volatile — so for cosmetic clearance the amount used and classification (excipient/active vs functional) must be considered.
Being rather inert and biocompatible, Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is favourable for sensitive formulations (e.g., dermal leave-on, oral, ophthalmic) when used as approved excipient.
SYNTHESIS of HYDROXYPROPYL CYCLODEXTRIN:
The most common method for the preparation of Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is the condensation reaction between β-cyclodextrin and propylene oxide under basic conditions, and the product is obtained by concentration and drying.
BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY of HYDROXYPROPYL CYCLODEXTRIN:
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is a water-soluble alkylated cyclodextrin derivative.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin has pharmaceutical potential as it may aid in enhancing the solubility of drugs for oral dosage preparations or formulations.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin solubilizes macromolecules, such as cholesterol.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is like β cyclodextrin but solubilizes larger molecules.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin favors lysosomes distribution across the cytoplasm and can modulate lysosomal dynamics and participates in lysosomal homeostasis.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin treatment promotes a wide distribution of lysosomes across the cytoplasm in NPC1 patient-derived fibroblasts.
In contrast, lysosomes are clustered near the cell center in untreated cells, raising the possibility that Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin has the potential to modulate lysosomal dynamics and functions.
In the Niemann pick disease model, Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin reduces cholesterol accumulation.
Industrially produced Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin, which is used as a complexing agent in new ophthalmic formulations, is not a single compound but a heterogeneous, complex mixture of homologues and isomers substituted by a variable number of 2-hydroxy-propyl groups at different positions of the sugar moieties.
WHAT IS HYDROXYPROPYL CYCLODEXTRIN USED FOR?
In the field of food and spices
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin can improve the stability and long-term performance of nutritional molecules, cover up or correct the bad odor and taste of food nutritional molecules, and improve the production process and product quality.
STRUCTURE of HYDROXYPROPYL CYCLODEXTRIN:
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is synthesized by condensation between β-cyclo-dextrin (βCD) and propylene oxide.
Structure of Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin where R = H or CH2-CHOH-CH3 is shown below.
There are 21 (red) hydroxyl groups on βCD, which are potential substitution sites for the condensation reaction with propylene oxide to yield various species of Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin with different degrees of substitution depending upon how many sites are substituted.
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of HYDROXYPROPYL CYCLODEXTRIN:
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is a white to slightly yellow powder.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin occurs as a white or almost white, amorphous or crystalline powder.
PRODUCTION METHODS of HYDROXYPROPYL CYCLODEXTRIN:
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin is prepared by the treatment of an alkaline solution of b-cyclodextrin with propylene oxide.
The substitution pattern can be influenced by varying the pH.
Formation of O-6 and O-2 substituted products is favored by high and low alkali concentration, respectively.
The mixture of products produced may be refined by preparative chromatography.
BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY of HYDROXYPROPYL CYCLODEXTRIN:
Cell treatment with Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin results in the activation of the transcription factor EB, a master regulator of lysosomal function and autophagy, and in the enhancement of the cellular autophagic clearance capacity.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin administration promotes transcription factor EB-mediated clearance of proteolipid aggregates that accumulate due to inefficient activity of the lysosome-autophagy system in cells derived from a patient with a lysosomal storage disorder.
Interestingly, Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin-mediated activation of autophagy was found not to be associated with activation of apoptotic pathways.
HOW DOES HYDROXYPROPYL CYCLODEXTRIN ENHANCE DRUG SOLUBILITY, STABILITY, AND BIOAVAILABILITY?
The top application area for Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin exists within pharmaceutical formulations.
Water solubility problems represent a significant barrier in drug development for almost 40% of newly synthesized chemical entities.
Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin resolves the issue of solubility by using its molecular cavity to encapsulate hydrophobic drugs which enhances solubility and dissolution rate without changing the drugs' chemical composition.
For example, inclusion complexes of Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin with ketoprofen and dexamethasone have demonstrated significant solubility enhancement, protection from photodegradation, and thermal stability under harsh environmental conditions.
Moreover, Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin reduces local toxicity by decreasing direct mucosal or cellular interaction with free drug molecules, thereby improving safety profiles.
Additionally, Hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin supports controlled drug release mechanisms.
By modulating the binding strength and drug release kinetics, formulators can extend the duration of drug action, reduce dosing frequency, and improve patient compliance.
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of HYDROXYPROPYL CYCLODEXTRIN:
CAS Number: 128446-35-5
EC Number: 420-920-1
UNSPSC Code: 12352201
PubChem Substance ID: 24859911
NACRES: NA.22
Physical State: powder
Color: white
Odor: odourless
Melting Point/Freezing Point: 267 °C - dec.
Initial Boiling Point and Boiling Range: > 400 °C - OECD Test Guideline 103
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/Lower Flammability or Explosive Limits: No data available
Flash Point: > 400 °C
Autoignition Temperature: > 400 °C
Decomposition Temperature: No data available
pH: 5 - 8 at 20 g/l at 20 °C
Viscosity, Kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, Dynamic: No data available
Water Solubility: 180 g/l at 20 °C - completely soluble
Partition Coefficient, n-octanol/water log Pow: < -4 at 20 °C - Bioaccumulation is not expected
Vapor Pressure: No data available
Density: No data available
Relative Density: No data available
Relative Vapour Density: No data available
Particle Characteristics: No data available
Explosive Properties: Not classified as explosive
Oxidizing Properties: none
Other Safety Information: Surface tension 63,6 - 65 mN/m at 1 g/l at 22 °C
Appearance (Color): White to light yellow
HPLC: >=96.0 % (On dry substance)
NMR: 2 to 6 (degree of substitution)
NMR: anhydroglucopyranose units
Appearance (Form): Powder
HPLC: =<2.0 % Residual beta-cyclodextrin (On dry substance)
NMR: substituents are located mainly at O(2) of the
Water: =<7.5 % (K.F.)
Infrared Spectrum: Conforms
CAS RN: 128446-35-5
Alternative CAS RN: 94035-02-6
EC Number: 420-920-1
MDL Number: MFCD00069372
Storage Temperature: +20°C
Shipping Temperature: Ambient
Harmonised Tariff Code: 2940000080
CAS Number: 128446-33-3 / 128446-35-5
Chem/IUPAC Name: .beta.-Cyclodextrin, 2-hydroxypropyl ethers
EINECS/ELINCS No: - / -
COSING REF No: 34534
Appearance: White to slightly yellowish powder, amorphous or crystalline
Average Molecular Weight: ~1396 g·mol⁻¹ (degree of substitution ~0.67 hydroxypropyl groups per glucose unit)
Melting Point / Decomposition: >200 °C (decomposition); ~278 °C (dec) for hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin
Solubility: Highly water-soluble; ~45% w/v in water
pH (20 g/L solution): 5.0-7.0
Density: ~1.05 g/cm³ at 20.3 °C
Optical Rotation: [α]²⁶/D +139° (c=1 in H₂O)
LogP: −4 at 20°C
Structure: Cyclic oligosaccharide (β-Cyclodextrin backbone of 7 glucose units) with hydroxypropyl substituents at the secondary or primary hydroxyl positions
Stability/Chemical Reactivity: Chemically stable under normal conditions
Molecular Weight: 1541.5 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: -13
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 21
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 42
Rotatable Bond Count: 28
Exact Mass: 1540.6628176 Da
Monoisotopic Mass: 1540.6628176 Da
Topological Polar Surface Area: 619 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 105
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 2010
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 35
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 7
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
CBNumber: CB6204503
Molecular Formula: C63H112O42
Molecular Weight: 1541.54
MDL Number: MFCD00069372
MOL File: 128446-35-5.mol
MSDS File: SDS
Melting Point: 278 °C (dec.)
Boiling Point: 400 °C
Density: 1.05 at 20.3 °C
Refractive Index: 125 ° (C=1, H2O)
Storage Temp.: room temp
Solubility: H2O: 45 % (w/v)
Form: solution (clear, colorless)
Color: White to slightly yellow
pH: 5.0-7.0 (20 g/L in H2O)
Biological Source: synthetic (organic)
Optical Activity: [α]²⁶/D +139°, c = 1 in H2O
Water Solubility: Soluble in water
InChIKey: ODLHGICHYURWBS-FOSILIAISA-N
LogP: -4 at 20 °C
Surface Tension: 63.6-65 mN/m at 1 g/L and 22 °C
FDA UNII: HYDROXYPROPYL BETADEX (1I96OHX6EK)
ADRABETADEX: 8W6Q67R6NX
EPA Substance Registry System: .beta.-Cyclodextrin, 2-hydroxypropyl ethers (128446-35-5)
UNSPSC Code: 41116107
NACRES: NA.77
FIRST AID MEASURES of HYDROXYPROPYL CYCLODEXTRIN:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available
ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of HYDROXYPROPYL CYCLODEXTRIN:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.
FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of HYDROXYPROPYL CYCLODEXTRIN:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.
EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of HYDROXYPROPYL CYCLODEXTRIN:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.
HANDLING and STORAGE of HYDROXYPROPYL CYCLODEXTRIN:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
STABILITY and REACTIVITY of HYDROXYPROPYL CYCLODEXTRIN:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
