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Iso-butane, also known as i-butane, 2-methylpropane or methylpropane, is a chemical compound with molecular formula HC(CH3)3.
An isomer of butane, Iso-butane is a colorless, odorless gas.
Iso-butane is the simplest alkane with a tertiary carbon atom, and is used as a precursor molecule in the petrochemical industry, such as in the synthesis of isooctane.
CAS: 75-28-5
MF: C4H10
MW: 58.12
EINECS: 200-857-2
Synonyms:
ISOBUTANE;GEIGER FLOW GAS;2-METHYLPROPANE, 99.995%;2-METHYLPROPANE, FUEL CYLINDER FOR SETAF LASH (1EA=1.3OZ CYLINDER);2-METHYLPROPANE, PRESSURE TIN WITH 250 M L (NET ~140 G);Isobutane(incylinderwithoutvalve);Isobutaneincylinderwithoutvalve;Isobutane 99,99% (R600a)
An alkane that is propane substituted by a methyl group at position 2.
Iso-butane is a colorless gas with a faint petroleum-like odor.
Iso-butane is shipped as a liquefied gas under its vapor pressure.
Contact with the liquid can cause frostbite.
Iso-butane is easily ignited.
The vapors are heavier than air.
Any leak can either be liquid or vapor.
Iso-butane can asphyxiate by the displacement of air.
Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket.
Iso-butane, also known as methylpropane, is a branched-chain alkane with the chemical formula C4H10.
Iso-butane is a colorless, odorless gas at room temperature and pressure, and it is highly flammable.
Iso-butane has a boiling point of approximately -11.7 °C, making it a gas at ambient conditions but easily liquefied under pressure.
Iso-butane is commonly used as a refrigerant, in aerosol propellants, and as a feedstock in the petrochemical industry for the production of isooctane, which is an important component of high-octane gasoline.
Iso-butane is also utilized in the synthesis of various organic compounds.
Iso-butane's low toxicity and relatively low environmental impact compared to other hydrocarbons make it a preferred choice in many applications.
However, Iso-butane is important to handle isobutane with care due to its flammability and potential health hazards when inhaled in high concentrations.
Overall, Iso-butane is a versatile chemical with significant industrial applications.
Isobutane（Cat No.:M007418）, is a colorless, flammable gas that is part of the alkane family of hydrocarbons.
Iso-butane is also known as 2-methylpropane due to its structural formula.
Isobutane is widely used as a refrigerant in household and commercial refrigeration systems, often replacing chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) refrigerants due to environmental concerns.
Additionally, Iso-butane is employed as a propellant in aerosol products like deodorants and spray paints.
Iso-butane's low boiling point and high vapor pressure at room temperature make it suitable for these applications.
Iso-butane’s properties contribute to its role in various consumer and industrial products.
Iso-butane Chemical Properties
Melting point: −160 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: −12 °C(lit.)
density: 2.064 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor density: 2.01 (21 °C, vs air)
vapor pressure: 72.2 psi ( 37.7 °C)
refractive index: 1.3518
Fp: -83 °C
form: Colorless gas
color: Colorless, very flammable gas with a faint odor
explosive limit: 8.3%
Water Solubility: 48.9 mg/kg at 25 °C (shake flask-GC, McAuliffe, 1963, 1966)
BRN: 1730720
Henry's Law Constant: 1.171 atmm3/mol at 25 °C (Hine and Mookerjee, 1975)
Exposure limits NIOSH REL: TWA 800 ppm (1,900 mg/m3).
Stability: Stable. Extremely flammable. May form explosive mixtures with air.
Cosmetics Ingredients Functions: PROPELLANT
Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR): ISOBUTANE (75-28-5)
InChI: 1S/C4H10/c1-4(2)3/h4H,1-3H3
InChIKey: NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 2.760
Surface tension: 12.8 mN/m at 273.41K
CAS DataBase Reference: 75-28-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Isobutane (75-28-5)
Iso-butane, C4H10, a flammable gas, occurs in small quantities in natural gas and crude oil.
Iso-butane has been detected in urban atmospheres at concentrations of 44–74 ppb.
Iso-butane also evolves from natural sources and has been measured in diesel exhaust at 1.4–11 ppm and in cigarette smoke at 10 ppm.
The partition coefficient of propane between olive oil and air at 37℃ is 12 using the method described by Sato and Nakajima and Perbellini et al..
The lower explosive limit is 18,000 ppm in air.
Uses
Iso-butane is the principal feedstock in alkylation units of refineries.
Using Iso-butane, gasoline-grade "blendstocks" are generated with high branching for good combustion characteristics.
Typical products created with Iso-butane are 2,4-dimethylpentane and especially 2,2,4-trimethylpentane.
In the production of propylene glycols and oxides and polyurethane foams and resins; as component of motor fuels and aerosol propellants; as an industrial gas carrier and general fuel source.
Iso-butane occurs in petroleum, natural gas,and petroleum cracking products.
Iso-butane is usedas a fuel gas or a liquefied petroleum gas.
Iso-butane is also used in organic synthesis.
Organic synthesis, refrigerant, motor fuels, aerosol propellant, synthetic rubber, instrument calibration fluid.
Solvent
In the Chevron Phillips slurry process for making high-density polyethylene, Iso-butane is used as a diluent.
As the slurried polyethylene is removed, Iso-butane is "flashed" off, and condensed, and recycled back into the loop reactor for this purpose.
Precursor to tert-butyl hydroperoxide
Iso-butane is oxidized to tert-butyl hydroperoxide, which is subsequently reacted with propylene to yield propylene oxide.
The tert-butanol that results as a by-product is typically used to make gasoline additives such as methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE).
Miscellaneous uses
Iso-butane is also used as a propellant for aerosol spray cans.
Iso-butane is used as part of blended fuels, with propane and butane, especially common in fuel canisters used for camping.
Health Hazard
Central nervous system depression ranging from dizziness and incoordination to anesthesia and respiratory arrest, depending on concentration and extent of inhalation.
Irregular heartbeat is rare but is a dangerous complication at anesthetic levels.
Iso-butane, like other saturated aliphatic alkanes,is nontoxic.
Iso-butane is an asphyxiate.
Exposureto high concentrations of 1% in air maycause narcosis and drowsiness.
Other thanthis, there is no report of any adverse healtheffect from exposure to this gas.
Fire Hazard
EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE.
Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames.
Will form explosive mixtures with air.
Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground.
CAUTION: Hydrogen (UN1049), Deuterium (UN1957), Hydrogen, refrigerated liquid (UN1966) and Methane (UN1971) are lighter than air and will rise.
Hydrogen and Deuterium fires are difficult to detect since they burn with an invisible flame.
Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.) Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back.
Cylinders exposed to fire may vent and release flammable gas through pressure relief devices. Containers may explode when heated.
Ruptured cylinders may rocket.
