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Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) is a cycloaliphatic diisocyanate used as a building block and curing agent to produce high-performance polyurethane coatings, elastomers, and adhesives.
Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) is highly valued across automotive, aerospace, and industrial sectors for offering exceptional ultraviolet (UV) stability, weather resistance, and color durability.
Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) is an organic compound in the class known as isocyanates.
CAS: 4098-71-9
MF: C12H18N2O2
MW: 222.28
EINECS: 223-861-6
Synonyms
1,1,5,5-Tetramethylcyclohexane-a-1,3-diisocyanate;5-Isocyanato-1-isocyanatomethyl-1,3,3-trimethylcoclohexane;[3,3,5-Trimethyl-5-(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexyl] isocyanate;diisocyanated’isophorone;isocyanicacid,methylene(3,5,5-trimethyl-3,1-cyclohexylene)ester;isophoronediaminediisocyanate;isophoronediisocyanate,mixtureofstereoisomers;3-ISOCYANATOMETHYL-3,5,5-TRIMETHYLCYCLOHEXYL ISOCYANATE
More specifically, Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) is an aliphatic diisocyanate.
Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) is produced in relatively small quantities, accounting for (with hexamethylene diisocyanate) only 3.4% of the global diisocyanate market in the year 2000.
Aliphatic diisocyanates are used, not in the production of polyurethane foam, but in special applications, such as enamel coatings which are resistant to abrasion and degradation from ultraviolet light.
These properties are particularly desirable in, for instance, the exterior paint applied to aircraft.
Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) is a clear to pale-yellow liquid with a camphorlike odor which is insoluble in water and miscible with most common organic solvents.
Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) exists in two conformers, cis and trans.
A diisocyanate in which the two isocyanate groups are linked by an isophorone substituent.
Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) is a clear to light-yellow liquid.
Slightly denser than water and insoluble in water.
Toxic by inhalation and skin absorption.
Very irritating to skin. Used to make polyurethane coatings.
IPDI exists in two stereoisomers, cis and trans.
Their reactivities are similar.
Each stereoisomer is an unsymmetrical molecule, and thus has isocyanate groups with different reactivities.
The primary isocyanate group is more reactive than the secondary isocyanate group.
Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) by Vencorex is used in the chemical synthesis of aliphatic polyisocyanates and polyurethanes, such as aqueous dispersible polyurethane polymers (PUD) showing exceptional weathering resistance.
Improves hardness due to its rigid cycloaliphatic structure.
Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) has a shelf life of 12 months.
Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) is an organic compound characterized by its two isocyanate functional groups attached to an isophorone backbone.
Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a distinctive odor and is known for its high reactivity, particularly with nucleophiles such as amines and alcohols.
Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) is primarily used in the production of polyurethane coatings, adhesives, and elastomers due to its ability to form strong cross-linked structures.
Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI)exhibits good thermal stability and resistance to chemicals, making it suitable for various industrial applications.
Additionally, Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) is sensitive to moisture, which can lead to the formation of urea derivatives upon exposure.
Safety precautions are essential when handling Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), as it can cause respiratory irritation and skin sensitization.
Proper storage in a cool, dry place and the use of personal protective equipment are recommended to mitigate health risks associated with its use.
Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) Chemical Properties
Melting point: -60°C
Boiling point: 158-159 °C15 mm Hg(lit.)
density: 1.049 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor pressure: 0.0004 hPa (20 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.484(lit.)
Fp: >230 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: Miscible with esters, ketones, ethers, and aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons.
form: Liquid
color: Clear colorless to slightly yellow
explosive limit: 0.7-4.5%(V)
Water Solubility: <0.1 g/100 mL at 25 ºC
Sensitive: Moisture Sensitive
BRN: 2726467
Exposure limits: PC-TWA:0.05 mg/m3; PC-STEL:0.1 mg/m3
Stability: Reacts with all substances containing active hydrogen, such as acids, amines, water, phenols, mercaptans, amides, urea. Probably moisture sensitive.
Cosmetics Ingredients Functions: FILM FORMING
InChI: 1S/C12H18N2O2/c1-11(2)4-10(14-9-16)5-12(3,6-11)7-13-8-15/h10H,4-7H2,1-3H3
InChIKey: NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 4.75 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 4098-71-9(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) (4098-71-9)
Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) is a colourless or slightly yellow liquid, with a vapour pressure which is significantly lower than that of tolylene diisocyanate.
Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) is produced by phosgenation of isophorone diamine in five-step reaction:
Reaction of acetone with catalyst to form isophorone.
Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) react with HCN to form isophorone nitrile.
Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) nitrile react with ammonia and hydrogen under the influence of catalyst.
This reaction create mixture of isophorone diamine conformers (25% cis, 75% trans).
Reaction of isophorone diamine with phosgene to form isophorone diisocyanate.
Purification of product by distillation.
Uses
Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) is used in the manufacture of polyurethane with high stability, resistance to light discoloration and chemical resistance; used in paints and varnishes for hardness, flexibility, abrasion, chemical resistance to chalking and weathering; as an elastomer applicable for casting compounds and mastics to highly flexible textile coatings; hard industrial coatings; manufacture of contact lenses; curing.
Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) is used in special applications:
Hard foams and coatings
Polyurethanes resins (PUR)
Leather and textile
Adhesives for battery
Elastomers and TPU
PUR fibers and laminates
Adhesives and glues
Light-stable PUR
Aqueous dispersible polymers
