PRODUCTS

ISOTHIAZOLINES

CAS NO.: 1003-07-2
EC/LIST NO.: 696-206-9

Isothiazolines (sometimes isothiazolone) is an organic compound with the formula (CH)2SN(H)CO.
A white solid, it is structurally related to isothiazole.
Isothiazolines itself is of limited interest, but several of its derivatives are widely used preservatives and antimicrobials.

Isothiazolines mix includes the compounds 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one.
They are used together as a preservative in cosmetics and commercial household products such as shampoos, cleaners and washing materials.
Isothiazolines also has wide industrial uses.
Isothiazolines mix is more commonly known as the preservative product with the commercial name Kathon.

Isothiazolines is an antimicrobial preservative that is commonly used to control bacteria, fungi, and algae.
Isothiazolines is most commonly applied in water containing solutions, as these solutions are a breeding ground for bacteria.
There are a number of different products on the market today that use Isothiazolines like sunscreen, hand sanitizer, shampoo, cosmetics, lotions, and many more.
The purpose of including Isothiazolines in these products is to inhibit microbial activity that could potentially spoil the product before its expected expiration date.

There is also safety to think of.
Certain microbial infestations can cause severe health issues.
Designing products that inhibit microbial activity is a best practice that keeps consumers safe.

Isothiazolines is an organic chemical composition.
C3H3NOS is its chemical formula.
The appearance of this material is a clear liquid and its color is pale yellow.
This organic compound is known as an antimicrobial chemical and it is used to control bacteria and fungi in water, sewage systems, oil extraction systems, and Other industrial applications.

The use of this water-based solution in the cosmetics industry is to control microbial activity and their growth and help maintain the product.
Isothiazolines is compatible with non-ionic surfactants.
Good solubility in aqueous compounds and some organic compounds are the optimal properties of this organic solvent.

Isothiazolines are used as preservatives in the paint industry, where they serve to protect theproduct from fungal and mould attacks.
One of the more common products of this kind used to a 1.5%-aqueous solution consisting of 1 part methyl Isothiazolines (CAS No 2682-20-4),and 3 parts of chloromethyl Isothiazolines (CAS No 26172-55-4).
This mixture can also be identifiedwith a specific CAS No, 55965-84-9.
To avoid risk of allergy the much weaker 1,2-benzIsothiazolines(commonly called BIT) is used.
This is above all used as a preservative in latex paints.
Thesesubstances are used in paint, adhesives, jointing compounds, cutting fluids and detergents.
Paint,adhesive and detergents are products sold for both professional and consumer use.

Isothiazolines (CAS No. 1003-07-2) is an antimicrobial preservative primarily for water containing solutions, as these are breeding grounds for bacteria, fungi, and algae.
Isothiazolines has a high performance, broad spectrum, antimicrobial activity controlling both planktonic and surface growth of bacteria, fungi and algae.
Isothiazolines has been designed exclusively for water treatment and paper mill application.

There are a number of different products on the market today that use Isothiazolines like sunscreen, hand sanitizer, shampoo, cosmetics, lotions, and many more.
The purpose of including Isothiazolines in these products is to inhibit microbial activity that could potentially spoil the product before its expected expiration date

Compared to many other simple heterocycles, the discovery of Isothiazolines is fairly recent, with reports first appearing in the 1960s.

Isothiazoliness can be prepared on an industrial scale by the ring-closure of 3-mercaptopropanamides.
These in turn are produced from acrylic acid via the 3-mercaptopropionic acid:

Ring-closure of the thiol-amide is typically effected by chlorination or oxidation of the 3-sulfanylpropanamide to the corresponding disulfide

The Isothiazolines derivatives, methylchloro Isothiazolines (MCI), methyl Isothiazolines (MI), benzisothiazolinone (BIT), and octylisothiazolinone (OIT), owing to their strong bactericide, fungicide and algicide properties, are widely used in non-cosmetic products, such as chemical (industrial) products, household detergents, and water-based paints, and the former two derivatives are also used in cosmetic products.
However, given their inherent sensitization potential (with MCI > MI > BIT > OIT), allergic contact dermatitis is frequently observed, both in consumers as well as workers in various industries.
In this review, we provide an update on the use of MCI/MI and MI in cosmetics, highlighting certain aspects of MI; the use of excessive concentrations, the presence in some less familiar cosmetic products, and the association with unusual clinical manifestations.
Furthermore, the use of Isothiazolines in dish-washing and washing-machine liquids, cleaning agents for dental care, and their general presence in multi-purpose household detergents, which may elicit (airborne) allergic contact dermatitis, is discussed.
Finally, we provide a brief overview of the use of Isothiazolines derivatives in the paint and textile industry, and of OIT in the leather industry in particular.

Cl+Me- Isothiazolines (MCI/MI) is a combination of 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 5-Chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one.
These Isothiazolines are frequently combined as a broad spectrum preservative.
A recent Danish study (Nielsen) found MCI/MI registered in 523 products.
The most frequently registered products were paints, hair shampoos, skin care products, and cleaning agents.
The typical concentration was below 0.0035% (35 ppm).
The Isothiazolines preservatives include: 2-n-Octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, and 5-Chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one.

Isothiazolines (CMIT/MIT) consists of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-thiazoline-3-ketone (CMI) and 2-methyl-4-thiazoline-3-ketone (MI).
The actual bactericidal effect of Isothiazolines is carried out by means of breaking the bond between bacterias and also algae proteins.

The moment approached together with microbes, Isothiazolines (CMIT/MIT) can quickly prevent their growth.
Therefore, it results in the actual death of those microbes.
Isothiazolines features powerful inhibition and biocidal effects on regular microorganisms, fungi, and also alga.
And Isothiazolines has lots of advantages.
For example high biocidal efficiency, excellent degradation, zero residual, safety in operation, great compatibleness, superior stabilization, and affordability.

Isothiazolines has good efficacy in killing and stripping fungi, bacteria, algae, mollusks and slime.
In the use of content, can be naturally degraded into non-toxic substances, the environment does not produce pollution.
Good miscibility, can be mixed with chlorine and other oxidizing fungicides, scale inhibitors and dispersants, most cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants and non-ionic surfactants and play a synergistic effect, and quaternary ammonium salt compound use effect is better.
Isothiazolines can pass through the surface layer of the slime and kill the bacteria and algae in the slime, and can prevent the formation of the slime in the cooling water system.
Isothiazolines has excellent bactericidal effect in a wide pH range and is effective in both acidic and alkaline water.
Can be widely used in paper mill cooling water, oil field water injection, metal processing oil, latex, fiber and coating and other mold.
However, Isothiazolines cannot be used in cooling water systems containing sulfide.

The principal isothiazolones are:

Methyl Isothiazolines (MIT, MI)
Chloromethyl Isothiazolines (CMIT, CMI, MCI)
Benz Isothiazolines (BIT)
Octylisothiazolinone (OIT, OI)
Dichlorooctylisothiazolinone (DCOIT, DCOI)
Butylbenzisothiazolinone (BBIT)
These compounds all exhibit antimicrobial properties.

They are used to control bacteria, fungi, and algae in cooling water systems, fuel storage tanks, pulp and paper mill water systems, oil extraction systems, wood preservation, and some paints.
They are antifouling agents. They are frequently used in shampoos and other hair care products.

Chloromethyl Isothiazolines (CMIT) and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (methylisothiazolinone or MIT) are popular derivatives.
A 3:1 mixture of CMIT:MIT is sold as Kathon.
Kathon is supplied as a concentrated stock solution containing from 1.5–15% of CMIT/MIT.
For applications the recommended use level is from 6 ppm to 75 ppm active isothiazolones.

4,5-Dichloro-2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolino-3-one (DCOI or Sea-Nine 211) is used especially as an antifouling agent, i.e. paint for ship hulls to prevent the formation of barnacles, etc.

Isothiazolines uses a two-step mechanism to inhibit microbes.
During these stages, important physiological functions such as growth, respiration (oxygen consumption), and energy production (synthesis) are rapidly inhibited in microbes.
Isothiazolines causes cell death as a result of the destruction of protein thiols and the production of free radicals.

Isothiazolines (sometimes isothiazolone) is a organic compound with the formula (CH)2SN(H)CO.
A white solid, it is structurally related to isothiazole.
Isothiazolone itself is of limited interest, but several of its derivatives are widely used preservatives and antimicrobials.
Isothiazolines are broad-spectrum, non oxidising biocide that can be used in a wide range of industrial applications.
The product formulation helps to inhibit the growth of microbes and has inhibition and biocidal effects on most of the common bacteria, fungi and algae found in water.

Isothiazoliness are antimicrobials used to control bacteria, fungi, and algae in cooling water systems, fuel storage tanks, pulp and paper mill water systems, oil extraction systems, wood preservation and antifouling agents.
They are frequently used in personal care products such as shampoos and other hair care products, as well as certain paint formulations.
There, often combinations of MIT and CMIT (known as Kathon CG) or MIT and BIT are used

IUPAC NAME :

1,2-thiazol-3-ol

2,3-dihydro-1,2-thiazol-3-one

Isothiazol-3(2H)-one

SYNONYMS :
1,2-Thiazol-3(2H)-on [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1,2-Thiazol-3(2H)-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1,2-Thiazol-3(2H)-one [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1003-07-2 [RN]
3(2H)-Isothiazolone [ACD/Index Name]
isothiazol-3(2h)-on
Isothiazol-3(2H)-one
isothiazol-3-ol
Isothiazolin-3-one
ISOTHIAZOLINONE