ITRACONAZOLE

Itraconazole is used to treat or prevent fungal infections.
Itraconazole is used to treat certain kinds of fungal or yeast infections.
Itraconazole is used to treat a variety of fungal infections including: Blastomycosis, Histoplasmosis, Aspergillosis, Sporotrichosis, Candidiasis, and Onychomycosis.

CAS Number: 84625‑61‑6 
EC Number: Listed by ECHA (substance ID 100.123.596) 
IUPAC Name: (±)‑1‑[(RS)‑sec‑butyl]‑4‑[...]‑triazolin-5‑one (complex) 
Molecular Formula: C₃₅H₃₈Cl₂N₈O₄ 
Molecular Weight: ~705.6 g/mol

SYNONYMS:
Itraconazole, ITZ, itraconazole, Sporanox, 84625-61-6, Oriconazole, Itraconazol, Sporonox, Fungitraxx, Itraconazolo, Itraconazolum, Candistat, Canditral, Itralek, Sempera, Sporamelt, Traconal, Triasporin, Sporal, Itrac, Cladosal 100, Spherazole CR, Spherazole IR, 2-butan-2-yl-4-[4-[4-[4-[[(2R,4S)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy]phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]phenyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-one, DTXSID3023180, R-51211, NSC-759239, 304NUG5GF4, CHEBI:6076, DTXCID903180, R51211, R 51211, 3H-1,2,4-Triazol-3-one, 4-(4-(4-(4-((2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)-1-piperazinyl)phenyl)-2,4-dihydro-2-(1-methylpropyl)-, Onmel, Sporanos, 1-(butan-2-yl)-4-{4-[4-(4-{[(2R,4S)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]phenyl}-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-one, R 51,211, Itrafungol, Lozanoc, Sporanox-pulse, Itraconazole Oral, Sporanox i.v., (+-)-1-sec-Butyl-4-(p-(4-(p-(((2R*,4S*)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)-1-piperazinyl)phenyl)-delta(sup 2)-1,2,4-triazolin-5-one, 1-(butan-2-yl)-4-(4-(4-(4-(((2R,4S)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)piperazin-1-yl)phenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-one, 2-butan-2-yl-4-(4-(4-(4-(((2R,4S)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)piperazin-1-yl)phenyl)-1,2,4-triazol-3-one, TOLSURA, J02AC02, 617-596-9, Itrizole (TN), 873066-43-4, Sporanox (TN), ITCZ, Itrizole, Itraconazole (Sporanox), Itraconazol [Spanish], Itraconazolum [Latin], cis-Itraconazole, ITZ, 2-(butan-2-yl)-4-{4-[4-(4-{[(2R,4S)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]phenyl}-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one, 3H-1,2,4-Triazol-3-one,4-[4-[4-[4-[[(2R,4S)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy]phenyl]-1-piperazinyl]phenyl]-2,4-dihydro-2-(1-methylpropyl)-, 4-[4-[4-[4-[[(2R,4S)-2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy]phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]phenyl]-2-sec-butyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-one, CAS-84625-61-6, 84604-65-9, Intraconazole, MFCD00941396, Sporanox(TM), NCGC00018268-03, 4-(4-{4-[4-({[(2R,4S)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methyl}oxy)phenyl]piperazin-1-yl}phenyl)-2-(1-methylpropyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one, Itraconazole & Nyotran, Itraconazole (Standard), ITRACONAZOLE [MI], ITRACONAZOLE [INN], ITRACONAZOLE [JAN], ITRACONAZOLE [USAN], Itraconazole (JP18/USP), ITRACONAZOLE [VANDF], SCHEMBL23934, ITRACONAZOLE [MART.], MLS006011958, CHEMBL22587, ITRACONAZOLE [USP-RS], ITRACONAZOLE [WHO-DD], orb1310057, SCHEMBL27256172, GTPL11426, ITRACONAZOLE [GREEN BOOK], Itraconazole & Bovine Lactoferrin, ITRACONAZOLE [EP IMPURITY], ITRACONAZOLE [ORANGE BOOK], Pharmakon1600-01505756, ITRACONAZOLE [EP MONOGRAPH], MSK14876, ITRACONAZOLE [USP MONOGRAPH], Tox21_110854, AC-542, BDBM50127138, HY-17514R, NSC759239, s2476, AKOS015842738, AKOS015961385, Tox21_110854_1, CCG-270391, DB01167, KS-1268, NCGC00274068-01, NCGC00274068-02, NCGC00274068-07, HY-17514, SMR001827898, Itraconazole & Nyotran(Liposomal Nystatin), SBI-0206914.P001, ITRACONAZOLE (EMA EPAR: VETERINARY), NS00003507, SW219756-1, Itraconazole 2.0 mg/ml in Dimethyl Sulfoxide, D00350, EN300-122640, SUBA-ITRACONAZOLE COMPONENT ITRACONAZOLE, AB01274818-01, AB01274818_02, AB01274818_03, Q411229, BRD-A23067620-001-01-7, BRD-A23067620-001-03-3, BRD-A23067620-001-04-1, BRD-A23067620-300-01-3, Z1544404944, (+/-)-1-SEC-BUTYL-4-(P-(4-(P-(((2R*,4S*)-2-(2,4-DICHLOROPHENYL)-2-(1H-1,2,4-TRIAZOL-1-YLMETHYL)-1,3-DIOXOLAN-4-YL)METHOXY)PHENYL)-1-PIPERAZINYL)PHENYL)-.DELTA.(SUP 2)-1,2,4-TRIAZOLIN-5-ONE, 1-(butan-2-yl)-4-{4-[4-(4-{[(2R,4S)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-[(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]phenyl}-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-one, 3H-1,2,4-Triazol-3-one, 4-[4-[4-[4-[[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy]phenyl]-1-pipera-zinyl]phenyl]-2,4-dihydro-2-(1-methylpropyl), 4-[4-[4-[4-[[(2R,4S)-2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy]phenyl]-1-piperazinyl]phenyl]-2,4-dihydro-2-(1-methylpropyl)-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one;, 4-[4-[4-[4-[[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy]phenyl]-1-piperazinyl]phenyl]-2,4-dihydro-2-(1-methylpropyl)-3h-1,2,4-triazol-3-one

Itraconazole works by killing or stopping the growth of the fungus that causes the infection.
Itraconazole is a synthetic triazole antifungal drug used to treat various fungal infections.
Itraconazole belongs to a class of drugs known as the azoles.

Itraconazole may be administered orally as a capsule or as a solution formulation.
Itraconazole may be given intravenously (directly into a vein) as well.
Bioavailability varies based on the type of formulation given.

Absorption of itraconazole is erratic and requires gastric acid, so it is recommended that it be taken with a meal.
Drugs that decrease gastric acid should not be administered concurrently.

Itraconazole is an N-arylpiperazine that is cis-ketoconazole in which the imidazol-1-yl group is replaced by a 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group and in which the actyl group attached to the piperazine moiety is replaced by a p-[(+-)1-sec-butyl-5-oxo-1,5-dihydro-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl]phenyl group.

Certain types of mucocutaneouscandidiasis, including esophageal candidiasis (infection of the esophagus) and oropharyngeal candidiasis (infection of part of the throat)
Histoplasmosis and mucocutaneous candidiasis can be opportunistic infections (OIs) of HIV.

First synthesized in the early 1980s, Itraconazole is a broad-spectrum triazole antifungal agent used to treat a variety of infections.
It is a 1:1:1:1 racemic mixture of four diastereomers, made up of two enantiomeric pairs, each possessing three chiral centers.
Itraconazole was first approved in the US in 1992 and is available orally.

While the intravenous formulation of the drug was formerly available, it was discontinued in the US in 2007.
Itraconazole is an Azole Antifungal.
The mechanism of action of Itraconazole is as a Cytochrome P450 3A4 Inhibitor, and P-Glycoprotein Inhibitor, and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein Inhibitor.

Itraconazole is a orally administered, triazole antifungal agent used in the treatment of systemic and superficial fungal infections.
Itraconazole therapy is associated with transient, mild-to-moderate serum elevations and can lead to clinically apparent acute drug induced liver injury.

Itraconazole is a synthetic triazole agent with antimycotic properties.
Formulated for both topical and systemic use, Itraconazole preferentially inhibits fungal cytochrome P450 enzymes, resulting in a decrease in fungal ergosterol synthesis.

Because of its low toxicity profile, this agent can be used for long-term maintenance treatment of chronic fungal infections.
Itraconazole is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug.
It is one of the triazole antifungal agents that inhibits cytochrome P-450-dependent enzymes resulting in impairment of ergosterol synthesis.

Itraconazole is an antifungal medication that is used in adults to treat infections caused by fungus.
This includes infections in any part of the body including the lungs, mouth or throat, toenails, or fingernails.

Itraconazole should be taken an hour before food, or two hours after food (and likewise if a combination of capsules and oral solution are used).
Itraconazole may be taken with orange juice or cola, as absorption is also improved by acid.

Absorption of Itraconazole is impaired when taken with an antacid, H2 blocker or proton pump inhibitor.
Itraconazole is in the triazole family of medications.
Itraconazole stops fungal growth by affecting the cell membrane or affecting their metabolism.

Itraconazole was patented in 1978 and approved for medical use in the United States in 1992.
Itraconazole is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
Recent research works suggest Itraconazole (ITZ) could also be used in the treatment of cancer by inhibiting the hedgehog pathway in a similar way to sonidegib.

USES and APPLICATIONS of ITRACONAZOLE:
Uses: With its broad spectrum antifungal activity Itraconazole is used to treat a variety of fungal infections including: Blastomycosis, Histoplasmosis, Aspergillosis, Sporotrichosis, Candidiasis, and Onychomycosis.
Furthermore, itraconazole is the drug of choice for sporotrichosis, histoplasmosis and blastomycosis.

Onychomycosis is treated with a unique plan, called pulse dosing.
Under this plan, itraconazole is administered at a higher dose for one week every month, instead of daily.
Interestingly, itraconazole is sometimes used to treat or prevent additional fungal infections in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).

Itraconazole is a systemic antifungal medication used to treat fungal infections such as ringworm and blastomycosis.
Itraconazole's use in dogs, small mammals, and some exotics to treat fungal infections is “off label” or “extra label”.

A potent P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4 inhibitor, Itraconazole is used as an antifungal drug for the treatment of various fungal infections, including aspergillosis, blastomycosis, candidiasis, chromoblastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, and sporotrichosis.

Itraconazole has a role as a P450 inhibitor, an EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor and a Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor.
Itraconazole is a member of triazoles, a dioxolane, a N-arylpiperazine, a dichlorobenzene, a cyclic ketal, a conazole antifungal drug, a triazole antifungal drug and an aromatic ether.

Itraconazole is an antifungal prescription medicine approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of certain fungal infections, such as: Histoplasmosis
Itraconazole has been used against histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, cryptococcal meningitis & aspergillosis.

Itraconazole interacts with 14-alpha demethylase, a cytochrome P-450 enzyme necessary to convert lanosterol to ergosterol.
As ergosterol is an essential component of the fungal cell membrane, inhibition of its synthesis results in increased cellular permeability causing leakage of cellular contents.
Itraconazole may also inhibit endogenous respiration, interact with membrane phospholipids, inhibit the transformation of yeasts to mycelial 

forms, inhibit purine uptake, and impair triglyceride and/or phospholipid biosynthesis.
A triazole antifungal agent that inhibits cytochrome P-450-dependent enzymes required for ERGOSTEROL synthesis.
Itraconazole is used to treat or prevent fungal infections.

Itraconazole is an antifungal medicine.
Itraconazole is used to treat certain kinds of fungal or yeast infections.
Itraconazole may be used for other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions.

Itraconazole is an triazole medicine used to treat fungal infections.
Itraconazole may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Itraconazole capsules and oral solution are absorbed into the body in different ways and work to treat different conditions.

Other uses for Itraconazole: Itraconazole is also sometimes used to treat other types of fungal infections and to prevent fungal infections in people who have human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Itraconazole is used to treat serious fungal or yeast infections.

Itraconazole oral solution is only used to treat oropharyngeal or esophageal candidiasis (thrush, oral thrush).
Itraconazole capsule is used to treat fungal infections, such as aspergillosis (fungal infection in the lungs), blastomycosis (Gilchrist’s disease), or histoplasmosis (Darling’s disease).

Itraconazole is also used to treat onychomycosis (fungal infection in the fingernails or toenails).
Itraconazole tablet is only used to treat onychomycosis of the toenails.
Itraconazole works by killing the fungus or yeast and preventing its growth.

Itraconazole is available only with your doctor's prescription.
Itraconazole, sometimes abbreviated ITZ, is an antifungal medication used to treat a number of fungal infections.

Itraconazole includes aspergillosis, blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, and paracoccidioidomycosis.
Itraconazole may be given by mouth or intravenously.

-Medical uses of Itraconazole:
Itraconazole has a broader spectrum of activity than fluconazole (but not as broad as voriconazole or posaconazole).
In particular, Itraconazole is active against Aspergillus, which fluconazole is not.
Itraconazole is also licensed for use in blastomycosis, sporotrichosis, histoplasmosis, and onychomycosis.

Itraconazole is over 99% protein-bound and has virtually no penetration into cerebrospinal fluid.
Therefore, Itraconazole should not be used to treat meningitis or other central nervous system infections.
Itraconazole has "negligible CSF penetration, however treatment has been successful for cryptococcal and coccidioidal meningitis.

Itraconazole is also prescribed for systemic infections, such as aspergillosis, candidiasis, and cryptococcosis, where other antifungal drugs are inappropriate or ineffective.
Itraconazole has been explored as an anticancer agent for patients with basal cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, glioblastoma and prostate cancer.

For example, in a phase II study involving men with advanced prostate cancer, high-dose itraconazole (600 mg/day) was associated with significant PSA responses and a delay in tumor progression.

Itraconazole also showed activity in a phase II trial in men with non-small cell lung cancer when it was combined with the chemotherapy agent, pemetrexed.
A recent review also highlights Itraconazole's use topically and orally in conjunction with other chemotherapeutic agents for advanced and metastatic basal cell carcinomas that cannot be treated surgically.

PHARMACOLOGY of ITRACONAZOLE:
PHARMACODYNAMICS
The mechanism of action of Itraconazole is the same as the other azole antifungals: it inhibits the fungal-mediated synthesis of ergosterol, via inhibition of lanosterol 14α-demethylase.
Because of Itraconazole's ability to inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 CC-3, caution should be used when considering interactions with other medications.

Itraconazole is pharmacologically distinct from other azole antifungal agents in that it is the only inhibitor in this class that has been shown to inhibit both the hedgehog signaling pathway and angiogenesis.
These distinct activities are unrelated to inhibition of the cytochrome P450 lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase and the exact molecular targets responsible remain unidentified.

Functionally, the antiangiogenic activity of itraconazole has been shown to be linked to inhibition of glycosylation, VEGFR2 phosphorylation, trafficking, and cholesterol biosynthesis pathways.
Evidence suggests the structural determinants for inhibition of hedgehog signaling by itraconazole are recognizably different from those associated with antiangiogenic activity.

PHARMACOKINETICS
Itraconazole, like cyclosporine, quinidine, and clarithromycin, can inhibit P-glycoprotein, causing drug interactions by reducing elimination and increasing absorption of organic cation drugs.
With conventional Itraconazole preparations serum levels can vary greatly between patients, often resulting in serum concentrations lower than the therapeutic index.

It has therefore been conventionally advised that patients take Itraconazole after a fatty meal rather than prior to eating.
A product (Lozanoc) licensed through the European union decentralised procedure has increased bioavailability, decreased sensitivity to co ingestion of food, and hence decreased variability of serum levels.

WHAT IS ITRACONAZOLE USED FOR?
Itraconazole is effective against a broad spectrum of fungi including:
Dermatophytes (tinea infections).

Yeasts such as candida and malassezia infections.
Systemic fungal infections such as histoplasma, aspergillus, coccidiodomycosis, chromoblastomycosis.

Itraconazole is sometimes used for inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic eczema, seborrhoeic dermatitis or psoriasis, if a fungus or yeast is thought to be contributing to the condition.
Itraconazole has recently been observed to slow the growth of basal cell carcinoma, and is occasionally used for this purpose off-label.

HOW SHOULD ITRACONAZOLE BE USED?
Itraconazole comes as a capsule and a solution (liquid) to take by mouth.
If you are taking Itraconazole to treat fungal infections in the lungs, the capsules are usually taken during or right after a full meal one or two times a day for at least 3 months.

However, if you are taking Itraconazole to treat a serious fungal infection in the lungs, the capsules may be taken with a meal three times a day for the first 3 days of treatment and then taken once or twice a day with a meal for at least 3 months.

If you are taking Itraconazole to treat fungal infections of the toenails (including or without fingernail infections), the capsules are usually taken once a day with a full meal for 12 weeks.
If you are taking Itraconazole to treat fungal infections of the fingernails only, the capsules are usually taken twice a day with a full meal for 1 week, skipped for 3 weeks, and then taken twice a day with a meal for a week.

Itraconazole is usually taken on an empty stomach once or twice a day for 1 to 4 weeks or sometimes longer.
Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand.

Take Itraconazole exactly as directed.
Do not take more or less of it or take Itraconazole more often than prescribed by your doctor.

WHY IS ITRACONAZOLE PRESCRIBED?
Itraconazole is used to treat fungal infections in the lungs that can spread throughout the body.
Itraconazole is also used to treat fungal infections of the fingernails and toenails.

Itraconazole is used to treat yeast infections of the mouth and throat or of the esophagus (tube that connects the throat to the stomach).
Itraconazole is in a class of antifungals called triazoles.
Itraconazole works by slowing the growth of fungi that cause infection.

✅ THERAPEUTIC USES & BENEFITS of ITRACONAZOLE:
*Indications: 
Itraconazole treats systemic fungal infections such as aspergillosis, blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, and onychomycosis of nails.
Itraconazole is also used off-label for coccidioidomycosis, paracoccidioidomycosis, candidiasis, and seborrheic dermatitis.

*Formulations of Itraconazole: 
Available as capsules (100 mg, 65 mg), oral solution (10 mg/mL), tablets, and intravenous forms.
Capsules should be taken with food to enhance absorption; solution on empty stomach.

*Pharmacokinetics: 
Bioavailability ~55% (maximized with food), >99% protein-bound, metabolized by CYP3A4.
Elimination half-life ~21 hours, excreted ~35% via kidney, ~54% via feces.

AVAILABLE FORMS of ITRACONAZOLE:
Itraconazole is produced as blue 22 mm (0.87 in) capsules with tiny 1.5 mm (0.059 in) blue pellets inside.
Each capsule contains 100 mg and is usually taken twice a day at twelve-hour intervals.

HOW DOES ITRACONAZOLE WORK (MECHANISM OF ACTION)?
Itraconazole works by stopping the fungal growth causing the infection.

WHAT ITRACONAZOLE IS USED FOR?
Itraconazole is used to treat certain fungal infections, such as:
*persistent infections of the nails, skin, hands, feet or groin.
*persistent candida (yeast) vaginal infections.
*eye infections which have not responded to other treatment or which may be affecting vision.
*candida (yeast) infections of the mouth or throat in patients with a weakened immune system.
*generalised infections.

WHAT IS ITRACONAZOLE USED FOR?
Itraconazole is an antifungal medicine commonly used to treat certain types of fungal infections.
Onychomycosis, which is a fungal infection of the fingernail or toenail.

Aspergillosis, histoplasmosis, or blastomycosis, which are fungal infections usually affecting the lungs.
Candidiasis, which is a yeast infection of the mouth, throat, or esophagus.
Itraconazole may not be appropriate for some of the infections listed above, depending on which germs are causing the infection.

Fungi in some locations may have developed resistance to Itraconazole, which will make it not work as well.
Itraconazole may also be used for other conditions as determined by your healthcare provider.

MECHANISM of ITRACONAZOLE:
Itraconazole acts by inhibiting the fungal cytochrome P-450 dependent enzyme lanosterol 14-α-demethylase.
When this enzyme is inhibited Itraconazole blocks the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol, which disrupts fungal cell membrane synthesis.
Itraconazole exhibits fungistatic (slows the growth) activity against yeast-like fungi and fungicidal (kills the fungus) activity against Aspergillus spp.

MECHANISM OF ACTION of ITRACONAZOLE:
Itraconazole is an oral and intravenous triazole antifungal approved in the 1990s.
Itraconazole works by inhibiting 14α‑demethylase in fungi, blocking ergosterol synthesis, disrupting membrane integrity and fungal growth.

HOW DOES ITRACONAZOLE WORK?
Itraconazole binds to the fungal p450 enzymes.
and stops the cells making ergosterol, the main component of the cell wall.

HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE ITRACONAZOLE?
Itraconazole is given orally and available as a capsule, tablet and liquid solution.
Take Itraconazole exactly as your doctor tells you.
Do not interchange or switch between capsule and oral liquid products.

*Capsules/Tablets:
Swallow whole and take Itraconazole with or immediately after a full meal

*Liquid:
Take Itraconazole without food or on an empty stomach

HOW IS ITRACONAZOLE GIVEN?
Itraconazole is given by mouth in the form of a capsule, tablet, or liquid solution.
The veterinary oral liquid may be given with or without food, but if vomiting occurs on an empty stomach, try giving Itraconazole with a small meal or treat.

Capsules and tablets should be given with a high-fat meal.
Itraconazole should not be compounded, as compounds prepared from bulk chemical are unlikely to be effective.

Itraconazole is used to treat certain types of fungal infections.
Itraconazole stops fungi from growing.

Tell your healthcare provider about all of the medicines you take before taking itraconazole.
Itraconazole comes as a capsule and oral liquid.

HISTORY of ITRACONAZOLE:
Itraconazole was approved for medical use in the United States in 1992.
Itraconazole was designated an orphan drug by both the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA).

First synthesized in the early 1980s, Itraconazole is a broad-spectrum triazole antifungal agent used to treat a variety of infections.
Itraconazole is a 1:1:1:1 racemic mixture of four diastereomers, made up of two enantiomeric pairs, each possessing three chiral centers.

Itraconazole was first approved in the US in 1992 6 and is available orally.
While the intravenous formulation of the drug was formerly available, Itraconazole was discontinued in the US in 2007.

Itraconazole is an antifungal medication that treats certain types of yeast and fungal infections.
Itraconazole comes in a capsule or tablet form.
You can take Itraconazole by mouth with a glass of water.

CHEMISTRY of ITRACONAZOLE:
The Itraconazole molecule has three chiral carbons.
The two chiral centers in the dioxolane ring are fixed in relation to one another, and the triazolomethylene and aryloxymethylene dioxolane-ring substituents are always cis to each other.
The clinical formulation is a 1:1:1:1 mixture of four stereoisomers (two enantiomeric pairs).

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ITRACONAZOLE:
Formula: C35H38Cl2N8O4
Molar Mass: 705.64 g·mol−1
Chirality: Racemic mixture
Melting Point: 165°C (329 °F)
Solubility in Water: 7.8 ± 0.4 × 10−6 mol/L (pH 1.6) mg/mL (20 °C)
CAS Number: 84625-61-6
CAS Number: 84625‑61‑6

EC / EINECS Number: Listed by ECHA (substance ID 100.123.596)
IUPAC Name: (±)‑1‑[(RS)‑sec‑butyl]‑4‑[...]‑triazolin-5‑one (complex)
PubChem CID: 55283
ChemSpider ID: 49927
Molecular Formula: C₃₅H₃₈Cl₂N₈O₄ (~705.6 g/mol)
Appearance: White or off‑white crystalline powder

Melting Point: ~165 °C (sole source indicates 165 °C in Wikipedia, crystals)
Solubility: ~7.8 µM at pH 1.6 (very low water solubility)
Molecular Weight: 705.6 g/mol
XLogP3: 5.7
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 9
Rotatable Bond Count: 11
Exact Mass: 704.2393071 Da

Monoisotopic Mass: 704.2393071 Da
Topological Polar Surface Area: 101 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 49
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 1120
Isotope Atom Count: 0

Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 2
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 1
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

FIRST AID MEASURES of ITRACONAZOLE:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation: 
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact: 
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. 
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact: 
Rinse out with plenty of water. 
Call in ophthalmologist. 
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing: 
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most). 
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ITRACONAZOLE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains. 
Collect, bind, and pump off spills. 
Observe possible material restrictions. 
Take up dry. 
Dispose of properly. 
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ITRACONAZOLE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2) 
Foam 
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ITRACONAZOLE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection. 
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A 
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of ITRACONAZOLE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed. 
Dry.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ITRACONAZOLE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available