LACTOFLAVIN

Riboflavin appears as yellow to orange-yellow crystalline powder with a slight odor. 
It exhibits polymorphism with at least three crystalline forms. 
The compound is sparingly soluble in water but dissolves better in alkaline solutions. 
It exhibits intense yellow-green fluorescence in neutral aqueous solutions.

IUPAC Name: 7,8-Dimethyl-10-[(2S,3S,4R)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxypentyl]benzo[g]pteridine-2,4-dione
Common Names: Riboflavin, Vitamin B₂, Lactoflavin, Vitamin G
Food Additive Designation: E101 (i: riboflavin, ii: riboflavin-5'-phosphate)
CAS Registry Numbers:
Riboflavin: 83-88-5
Riboflavin-5'-phosphate sodium: 130-40-5
EC Numbers: 201-507-1 (riboflavin), 204-988-6 (phosphate)
UNII: TLM2976OFR
 
Physical Property Data:
Appearance: Yellow to orange-yellow crystalline powder
Odor: Slight characteristic odor
Melting Point: 278-282°C (with decomposition)
Optical Rotation: [α]²⁰/D = -115° to -135° (c=0.5 in 0.1M NaOH)
Solubility:
Water: 0.07 g/L at 25°C (increases with temperature and pH)
0.1M NaOH: 10 g/L
Ethanol: 0.45 g/L
Insoluble in acetone, chloroform, ether, benzene
pH (saturated solution): ~6.0
pKa Values: pKa₁ = 1.7 (N₁ protonation), pKa₂ = 10.2 (N₃ deprotonation)
Molar Extinction Coefficients:
λ = 267 nm: ε = 27,700 L·mol⁻¹·cm⁻¹
λ = 373 nm: ε = 10,600 L·mol⁻¹·cm⁻¹
λ = 444 nm: ε = 12,200 L·mol⁻¹·cm⁻¹ (in pH 7 phosphate buffer)
Fluorescence: Excitation 370 nm, Emission 520 nm (quantum yield ~0.26)
Chemical Behavior and Biological Function:
Photochemical Properties:
Photodegradation: Sensitive to UV and visible light (especially 400-500 nm)
Degradation products: Lumichrome, lumiflavin, formylmethylflavin
Photostabilizers: Rutin, ascorbic acid can protect against degradation
Light protection: Requires amber glass or opaque packaging
Biological Redox Chemistry:
 Riboflavin functions as precursor for flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), coenzymes for:
Oxidoreductases: Electron transfer in metabolic pathways
Dehydrogenases: Oxidation of alcohols, aldehydes, amino acids
Oxidases: Oxygen activation
Monooxygenases: Hydroxylation reactions
Stability Profile:
Thermal stability: Stable at processing temperatures (<120°C)
pH stability: Most stable at pH 4-7
Oxidative stability: Sensitive to oxidizing agents
Compatibility issues: With reducing agents, heavy metals, alkaline conditions
Industrial Applications:
Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical:
Vitamin supplements: Tablets, capsules, liquids (RDA: 1.3 mg/day for adults)
Multivitamin formulations: Often combined with other B vitamins
Parenteral nutrition: Injection solutions
Metabolic disorders: Treatment of riboflavin deficiency (ariboflavinosis)
Food Fortification and Coloring:
Fortification: Cereals, dairy products, beverages, infant formula
Natural colorant: Provides yellow color (E101)
Dairy products: Natural component and fortificant
Sports nutrition: In energy and recovery products
Clinical and Diagnostic Applications:
Phototherapy agent: For neonatal jaundice (with blue light)
Biomarker: Urinary excretion as indicator of nutritional status
Enzyme assays: As substrate or cofactor in diagnostic kits

SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT LACTOFLAVIN

 
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician. 
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:
 
If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air. 
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately. 
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
 
In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.
 
If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting. 
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. 
Rinse mouth with water. 
Consult a physician.
 
Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas
 
Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment. 
 
Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. 
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.
 
Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
 
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste. 
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
 
Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.
 
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. 
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials
 
Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
 
Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles. 
Faceshield (8-inch minimum). 
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
 
Skin protection:
Handle with gloves. 
Gloves must be inspected prior to use. 
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. 
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. 
Wash and dry hands.
 
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.
 
Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. 
 
If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. 
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. 
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
 
Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions. 
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.
 
Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. 
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product