PRODUCTS

LIPASE

Lipase is a class of enzymes that catalyzes the hydrolysis of fats.
Some lipases display broad substrate scope including esters of cholesterol, phospholipids, and of lipid-soluble vitamins and sphingomyelinases; however, these are usually treated separately from "conventional" lipases.
Unlike esterases, which function in water, lipases "are activated only when adsorbed to an oil–water interface".

CAS:   9001-62-1
MF:   C11H9N3NaO2+
MW:   238.19783
EINECS:   232-619-9

Synonyms
LIPASE AS;LIPASE AK;LIPASE AYS;LIPASE CAL-A, THERMOSTABLE;LIPASE CAL-B;LIPASE M 10;LIPASE MML;LIPASE PS

Lipases perform essential roles in digestion, transport and processing of dietary lipids in most, if not all, organisms.
Porcine pancreatic lipase is an enzyme that has been shown to have antioxidative properties.
Lipase is used as an additive in biodiesel production, where it prevents the formation of trans fatty acids and reduces the amount of free radicals.
This enzyme has been shown to have lipase, protease, and amylase activities by using surface methodology.
Porcine pancreatic lipase can be used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis.
This enzyme interacts with other enzymes such as lipases, proteases, and amylases to catalyze reactions on surfaces.
Lipase can be used for asymmetric synthesis by hydrogen bonding or by forming an intermediate complex with metal ions.

Lipase is an enzyme and belongs to the class of hydrolase.
Lipase is produced in the pancreas, mouth, and stomach.
Lipase catalyzes the hydrolysis of triglycerides to glycerol and free fatty acids.
The body uses lipase to break down fats in food so they can be absorbed in the intestines.
Lipases are widely employed to catalyze hydrolysis, alcoholysis, esterification, interesterification, acidolysis and transesterification of carboxylic esters.
Their unique characteristics include substrate specificity, stereospecificity, regioselectivity and ability to catalyze a heterogeneous reaction at the interface of water soluble and water insoluble systems.
Lipases are used as flavor and aroma constituents in the food industry, to produce valuable oleo chemical species for diesel engines, as additives in cosmetic formulations, to remove the pitch from pulp produced in the paper industry, for the hydrolysis of milk fat in the dairy industry, to remove non-cellulosic impurities from raw cotton before further processing into dyed and finished products, for the drug formulations in the pharmaceutical industry, and to remove subcutaneous fat in the leather industry.

Lipases are also used to diagnose pancreatitis in patients.
Clinically lipases help a person who has cystic fibrosis, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis and act as a candidate target for cancer prevention and therapy.
Lipases are also used to treat obesity in recent years.
Lipase is obtained from two primary sources:
(1) the edible fore stomach tissue of calves, kids, or lambs and;
(2 ) animal pancreatic tissue.
Lipase is produced as purified edible tissue preparations or as aqueous extracts.
Lipase is dispersible in water and insoluble in alcohol.
Produced by the controlled fermentation of Candida rugosa as an off-white to tan powder.
Soluble in water but practically insoluble in alcohol, chloroform or ether.
An enzyme secreted by thepancreas and the glands of the smallintestine of vertebrates that catalysesthe breakdown of fats into fatty acidsand glycerol.
Pancrelipase (Cotazym) has agreater lipolytic action than other pancreatic enzyme preparations.
Hence, it is used to help control steatorrhea and inother conditions in which pancreatic insufficiency impairsthe digestion of fats in the diet.

Triacylglycerol lipase, with the CAS number 9001-62-1, is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism by catalyzing the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols into free fatty acids and glycerol.
Lipase is primarily found in adipose tissue and the pancreas, where it facilitates the mobilization of stored fats for energy production.
Triacylglycerol lipase exhibits specificity for triacylglycerol substrates and operates optimally at physiological pH and temperature conditions.
Lipase's activity is regulated by various factors, including hormonal signals such as insulin and glucagon, which influence fat storage and mobilization.
Lipase is also significant in various physiological processes, including digestion, energy homeostasis, and the regulation of lipid levels in the bloodstream.
In clinical contexts, altered levels of triacylglycerol lipase activity can be associated with metabolic disorders, making it a potential biomarker for conditions such as obesity and diabetes.
Overall, Lipase is essential for maintaining lipid balance and energy metabolism in the body.

Lipase Chemical Properties
density: 1.2
vapor pressure: 0.004Pa at 25℃
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: H2O: 2 mg/mL, hazy with insoluble particles, faintly yellow
form: solution
color: yellow-brown
biological source: whe at (germ)
Water Solubility: It is soluble in water.
Merck: 13,5533
Specific Activity: 5-15units/mg solid
Stability: Moisture sensitive. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Cosmetics Ingredients Functions: SKIN CONDITIONING
InChI: InChI=1S/C11H9N3O2.Na/c15-8-4-5-9(10(16)7-8)13-14-11-3-1-2-6-12-11;/h1-7,16H,(H,12,14);/q;+1/b13-9-;
InChIKey: QWZUIMCIEOCSJF-CHHCPSLASA-N
LogP: -1.3 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 9001-62-1
EPA Substance Registry System: Lipase, triacylglycerol (9001-62-1)

Uses
To split fats without damaging sensitive constituents, such as vitamins or unsaturated fatty acids.
In food processing for flavor improvement; in detergents for the improvement of cleaning action.
Trans fatty acids (TFAs) are fatty acids with at least one double bond in (E)- configuration.
The consumption of TFAs increases the risk of coronary heart diseases.
Thus, their concentrations in lipid-containing products should be reduced.
Naturally, TFAs occur in small amounts in meat and milk of ruminants, but the most significant concentrations of TFAs develop during partial hydrogenation and deodorization of fats.
The formation of TFAs during fat hardening can be avoided by lipase catalyzed transesterification to increase the slip melting points of fats.
For enzymatic transesterification between different lipids, triacylglycerol lipases (triacylglycerol acylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.3) acting on the SN1 and SN3 positions of the triglyceride are used.
Various lipases have been applied for the production of table margarine out of fat-oil blends.
Lipases of the ascomycetes Thermomyces lanuginosa and Rhizomucor miehei, as well as a lipase of the proteobacterium Pseudomonas sp., were used for transesterification of fat blends consisting of palm stearin and vegetable oil.
Fully hydrogenated oils in blends with vegetable oils also have been used.
In all studies, an increase of the slip melting points and the solid fat content was achieved in the fat-oil blend, thus indicating an alternative method for fat hardening via hydrogenation.
Lipase, is used as a catalyst in the preparation of biodieselsand in the preparation of esters of chiral epoxy alcohols.
Lipases are used industrially for the resolution of chiral compounds and the transesterification production of biodiesel.

Lipase is commonly used for diagnostic enzymes.
Quantitative analysis of serum triglycerides, prostaglandin esters, lipolysis, and biochemical reagents.
Mainly used for lipid modification, lipid hydrolysis and cheese manufacturing, can prevent the rancidity of chocolate and dairy products.
The maximum amount of lecithin used for hydrolysis is 10,000 LENU/kg of crude lecithin.
Others are used in appropriate amounts according to production needs.
In the commercial sphere, lipases are widely used in laundry detergents.
Several thousand tons per year are produced for this role.

Lipases are catalysts for hydrolysis of esters and are useful outside of the cell, a testament to their wide substrate scope and ruggedness.
The ester hydrolysis activity of lipases has been well evaluated for the conversion of triglycerides into biofuels or their precursors.
Lipases are chiral, which means that they can be used for the enantioselective hydrolysis prochiral diesters.
Several procedures have been reported for applications in the synthesis of fine chemicals.
Lipases are generally animal sourced, but can also be sourced microbially.

Synthesis
Lipase from Pseudomonas ATCC21808 is extracted and purified using immobilized horse antibodies.
Steps:
S1: Fermentation culture of the bacteria.
S2: Centrifugation to collect the supernatant as crude enzyme solution.
S3: The crude enzyme solution is applied to an immobilized horse antibody column (antibodies from immunized Mongolian horses).
Elution with buffer gives purified enzyme.
S4: Polyethylene glycol is added to precipitate the enzyme.
Centrifugation, dialysis, and lyophilization yield the lipase product with an activity of 150,000-250,000 units/g.